Special illustration
Blue Mountain Eagle
Wednesday, February 17, 2016
A9
First of a four-part series
Our federal lands
From conquest and treaty to conservation, the story of our public lands has been a contentious one.
The Birth of a Nation
Revolutionary War
1775-83
1776 The Declaration of Indepen-
dence is signed.
1781-1802 The states cede “western
lands” to the central government to
create the public domain.
1783 Treaty of Paris is signed; U.S.
gains more than 270 million acres
east of the Mississippi River, not
including the original 13 colonies.
1785 The Land Ordinance is created
to manage land growth and the legal
sale and settlement of public lands.
1789 The U.S. Constitution gives
Congress the “... power to dispose
of and make all needful rules and
regulations respecting the territory
and other property belonging to the
United States.”
1803 Louisiana
Purchase nearly
doubles the size
of the U.S.; Ohio
becomes the first
state created
from the public
Thomas Jefferson
domain.
1804-06 Lewis and Clark Expedition.
1812 The General
Land Office is
created as a
branch of the
Treasury Dept.
to administer and
dispose of federal lands.
War of 1812
1819 Florida acquired through a
treaty with Spain, adds more than 46
million acres to the public domain.
1824 Office of Indian Affairs is
established within the Department
of War.
This rendering by Charles M. Russell
depicts the Lewis and Clark Expedi-
tion (1804-06) meeting indigenous
peoples on the Lower Columbia River.
Sources: Congressional Research Service; U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management; USDA Forest Service; The Forest History Society; EO Media Group research
Alan Kenaga/Capital Press
Next week: Westward expansion
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