r I. CITY OF BURNS COUNTY OF HARNEY The Bigg-eat County In The State mt The Bigffwt City In The Biggest County In The Stat Of Oregon I T 3 Of Oregon, Best In The Weit BURNS, HARNEY COUNTY, OREGON. JANUARY 31, 1914 VOL XXVII NO. 12 r T 1 1 , 111 I "I'd J I I" I , 1 ! I I TV' V rHia -r r " r ROADS MENT WITH FARMERS Suggestion That Subject be Given Some Attention During The Agricultural Short Course Next Month. Perma nent Highways Great Asset to The Farmer. Transcontinental Route Along with the education of our fanners for better soil cul- ture, conservation of moisture and greater yields should be carried an education of better roads. Everywhere the good roads movement is one of the burning questions and there is a determination to secure better highways, as they go hand in hand with farming and are as essential as the railroads. Since the county court of this county has changed the method of road supervision and placed a competent man at the head of th road building all over the county we should get better re sults. An effort should now be made to make permanent high ways and all the public roads kept up in a manner that it will not be necessary Tor the road builders to spend each working season in merely repairing me roads and not making at least some permanent road. Good roads makes it possible to market the farmers crops. brings them closer to their city friends, enhances the value of their Dlaces and altogether brings prosperity that could be obtained j in no other way. Harney county has good natural roads and it will only be necessary to get the bad places in shape to make them srmanent We have all the I necessary material for road build ing and we should therefore use it and be in the progressive ranks. It has been suggested that tie good road talks be made at the coining short course to be Iheld for the benefit of the farm ers in this city next month. This suggestion is good and if possi- Ible such should be incorporated in the course during the week provided it can be done without crificing the agricultural work. Good road are very important id are of more benefit to the If armer than any other class of itixen. CoL Thatcher, the good roads advocate, who was to have ad- iressed the citizens of this place last fall but got "peeved" be Icauae he was not feated as he THE BURNS HOTEL DELL DIBBLE, Prop. Centrally Located, Good Clean Meals, Comfortable Rooms, Clean and Sanitary Beds First Claa Bar In Connection. Qlve Me A Call THE WHITE FRONT LIYERY, FEED AND SALE STABLE We have oonfined our business entirely to the White Front where we are prepared to care far our customers better than ever before. . . HORSES FED FOR 20c. PER HEAD AND UP Baled Hay and Grain for Sale at Market Price. Good Hay in Stack $4;50 Per Ton. Delivered in Bums, $6,50 Per Ton The Burns-Vale Stage Line 36-Hour Schedule from Railroad Close Connections Made With Trains East. Cofortable Conveyances for Prseengers. Fare, $10. Careful Attention and Prompt Delivery of Express and Freigha Entrust ed to Our Care. Freight 2 l-2c. Per Pound. R. J. McKinnon & Son BURNS, - MOVE .considered was his due and pulled out without an explanation, has recently statea me route oi me transcontinental auto road would be by way of Boise, Ontario, Brogan and down the John Day River to the Columbia. We can just fool Col. Thatcher by bring ing that route from Ontario through this section and on West, which is the natural way and in fact the only feasible way to reach Portland and Seattle from New York. With good roads from the east border of Hamev county to the west all the tourist travel will come this way. This brings direct results to the territory as no tourist is going to hurry through a big country like this without stop ping to see it and make inquiry respecting its possibilities. Good roads will be an import ant factor in developing this big territory and along with our local railroad organization we should also take up wagon roads, the two working in well together. Revival Services Begin In Burns on Febraary 8 It is now definitely settled that the Union Revival Services of the city will begin on Sunday, February the 8th. At that time Rev. J. B. Cleighton of North Yakima, Washington, will begin the services. On Friday the 13th Revs. Lewis and Mathews both noted singers and preachers will join in the work for only two weeks. Rev. Cleighton comes to us a strong preacher. He was a col lege president in Missouri for a number of years and has a large reputation in evangelistic work. Lewis and Mathews are splendid singers, and musicians. Their music is a great attraction and power in their work. They are also both preachers. Buns will have an opportunity to listen to a company of strong, earnest preachers of the gospel as she has never listened to before. We call upon our citizens to turn out, and support this move- OREGON ment for the moral and spiritual betterment of the community. The two churches have united in a vigorous and expensive effort to do our community good, to es tablish Christian principles, and train the young for a moral and a religious life. Every citizen should be interested in this un selfish, Christian effort of our city churches. Important to Under stand New Tax Law. County Treasurer Miller has been busy for some time mailing out tax notices. The new law differs from the old and taxpay ers should notice the provisions as it may save them trouble and expense. The new law does not provide for any rebate and all taxes must be paid before the first day of April - hitherto one has had un til the first Monday in April. Further, all the tax must be paid by that date or the penalty and interest runs on the balance. The old law provided that one-half could be paid in April and the privilege of paying the balance on or before the first of October was given. But this is not per mitted under the new law. The penalty runs against unpaid tax es after the first of April at the of one per cent per month until paik. The county treasurer is now tax collector and Treasurer Miller has secured the services of John Loggau to assist him during the rush. Parcel Post Interferes in Teaming Operations Teamsters engaged in freight ing in Nevada are suffering a demoralization of their business through the inroads of the parcel post. Under the new 50-pound parcel ruling a shipment of 60 cases of canned goods weighing 3800 poundH has been sent from Winnemucca, Nevada, to Oroville Oregon, a distance of 125 miles. The postage on the shipment was $21, while the cost of freighting would have been $49. Com petition by Uncle Sam was seri ously felt under the twenty- pound limit in a few localities, but under the fifty-pound ruling the mails are being freely used to cover great distances with merchandise of all sorts. - Fallon Standard. Market Report. Receipts for the week have been Cattle-752. Calves-4, Hors- 4880. Sheep-5070. Livestock receipts totaled con siderably less this week than last and business was not so brisk. The cattle situation failed to clear and on only one day, Monday, was there any interest aroused. A few cars of choice steers brought $7.60 and a load of young cows $6.75. Bulk of week's steer sales averaged $7.00 to $7.25 and cows $6.00 to $6.25. All other butcher classes were slow and principal cause of price weakness was inferior beef duality and too much of it. The hog market maintained its strength easily from beginning to end. Prices never rose above $8.05, but choice light stock averaged around 8 cents all week. A lot of swine that lacked prime finish sold at lower prices, but good quality pigs and smooth heavy stuff found a quick sale at steady prices. Receipts were fairly liberal, but some 2000 less than for same period last week. Sheephouse trade was brisk only in upoU as liquidation was unsteady. Total arrivals were smaller than for previous six days. A good supply of prime grain-fed mutton and lambs came in the first part of the week. Wethers sold at $5.86 and ewes $4.76 "off cars." Umb buyers gave $6.60 for the fancy grades and were not over-supplled, either. The market closed on a weaker basis with a 10 to 15-cent decline in all mutton lines. Mrs. E. S. Sweek, the child's tailor. Call und examine my garments, styles and materials, I will take your child's measure for made to order suits, dresses, aprons, rompers and bloomers, from 2 to 7 year sizes. 11-14 We do job printing. ADVANTAGE OF GROW ING PEAS OVER GRAIN Comparative Results on Tests Made at Experiment Station Favorable to Peas as Dry Farm Crop. Double Row Seeding Better Than Broad cast According to Experiments by I.. R. breitkaupt. s perhaps enough to pav for the It is probably a truth beyond labor ' growing them and the question that the best way to seed. Under the summer fallow plant peas on dry land, and per- conditions there was not any dif haps on wet land too. is in double ference in yield. However, the rows about twenty eight inches l"1 were the best crop because apart, thus allowing of cultiva- they were worth more per bushel tion between the rows in order an they leave the land more fer to conserve the moisture for the tile, beside the better moisture him. of Ihp cron rather than allow conditions for succeeding crops. it to escape by evaporation to such an extent that the crop is cut short before the pods are ful- ly developed. It is believed that a greater yield will be obtained in this wiw on th. nverao-o. if not in every instance. Another point in favor of this method is the residual moisture that is usu ally left on the soil after the crop is taken off. because of the mois ture conserving methods used, thus insuring better crops the following year. In order to test out the compa rative results to be obtained from planting peas in double rows as against the regulation broadcast or thick seeding tenth acre plats of the (iolden Vine variety were planted at the rates and with the results tabulated belew: Rate of Seeding Yield 45 lbs broadcast 14. 18 45 lbs double rows 1'.).72 75 lbs broadcast 18.25 120 lbs broadcast 21.80 While it will be seen from this that the 120 pound seeding broad- cast, and by broadcasting I mean sowing through the drill with all the running, gave about two bushels per acre more yield, the fact that it took almost that much more seed per acre more than offsets the difference, for seed is much more valuable than the prospect of a crop, bushel for bushel. Then too, there is a re- sidual moisture left in the land upon which the peas in rows grow. With both of the lighter broadcast set-dings a lighter yield than with the rows was ob- tained. Another fact that must not be lost sight of in this con- nection is that we had approxi- mately two" and one-half times more rainfall during the growing season this past year than occurs during the average growing sea- oon, a thing that would be de- cidedlyin favor of thicker seed- ing and poor dry farming meth- ods in general. On an average season, the chances are that the rows would have showed up much better in comparison. It is believed that field ieis will make larger yields than the cereals under trying conditions may be planted throughout the of drought where the crop is growing season if desired, otherwise adapted. That is to "por chickens it is one of the say that peas will make a larger very best of green feeds and yield of grain upon less moisture they prefer it to anv other. As than wheat, oats or barley, when 8ummer pasture for sheep it is the moisture supply is so one 0f the very best succu limited that any of those crops ient8. Its vaue seeded with will use all of it and more, if it corn for 'hogging off' is very were available. In order to gain ' high. some idea along these lines, tenth j "The rao ground should, of acre plots of peas of the Golden course, be disked immediately Vine variety were planted on after the stock is removed. It is land that was fallowed and upon t.Hpecially important not to allow land that was not fallowed but it to go to seed at any time since had grown wheat the year before, like mustard, the sied will per to compare with this, tenth acre 8jat jn the soil a long time, vol plpts of durum wheat of the Ku- unteering in other crops, banka variety were planted un- "Rape is also one of the more der the same conditions. The valuable crops for use as a green results follew: manure. It does not increase Wheat after wheat, 3.38 bu per a the total nlant food suniilv of th Peas after wheat, 9.50 bu per a Wheat on fullow, Peas on fallow, It will be seen 16 bu per a 16 bu per a from this that the greatest thing in favor of the peas was their performance un the most trying conditions. This land upon which the wheat had grown the preceding year was moist only to a depth of twelve inches at the time the crops ground to rape and the quickness were planted in this experiment. wjth which the crop grows and To suplement this we had good the fact that they may be plant rains during the summer or else e(j nearly any season of the year there would have been no wheat ' at all upon this land with but one winter's moisture; but there would have been a few pea, Perhaps the test was not exactly Mr because of the variety of wheat used. While the Kubanka wheat is a great droughth resist- er. it haa shown itself unadapted our climate uecause oi me ease with which the heads are frosted. Because of this it is below the average In yield of the wheats tried out on the Sta tion this past year. To offset this fact, it must be remembered that the Golden Vine peas also showed themselvea to be no bet ter than the average among the varieties of peaH tried out. A case of second class wheat against second class peas. How to grow and dispose of this crop, together with some thing of the cash returns that may bi expected from the pro duction of field pens will be dis cussed in the next article. Pape a Valuable Crop In Eastern Oregon "Rape is a very valuable crop in Eastern and Central Oregon," said Professor H. D. Scudder, agronomist, Oregon Agricultural College. "It iB hardy to cold and a very quick grower. It may be grown in rows and culti- vated so that moisture can be conserved. It makes the very best of pasturage for sheep. chickens, brood sows, and grow- ing pigs, and the cost of prepara- tion and seeding is very light 'Rape may be seeded very early in the spring the fore part 0f April in the Columbia Basin and the latter part of that m0nth in Central Oregon. The Owarf Essex rape sown in rows about three feet apart, using two or three pounds of seed per acre, on ground that has been prepar- ed and manured as for corn, will Kjvc excellent pasture in six or ejffht weeks after planting, when jt j8 eight to ten inches high. A aecond planting two weeks after the first will bring another crop .. little inter and thus prolong the pasturing Beason. On irri- gated lands, of course, this crop will yield more abundantly, and soil as do the legumes, but be- cause of the large amount of I nitrogen and pottasaium it draws fr0m the soil, when plowed under I as a green manure it leaves these t is not altogether impossible, plant foods in the form of organ- If others can be eured perman ic matter, which quickly decays ent'y. and thousands have been, and becomes available for the hy not you? John R. Barker, use of other crops. Added to 'of Battle Creek, Mich., is one of this, the very low cost of seeding makes it peculiarly desireable for use as a green manure." Tonawama tonight LATEST DEVELOPMENT LEAGUE NOTES (I'rijin Our Portland Correspondent) Railroads in the Northwest are beginning to advertise the Spring colonist rates which Will be in effect for 32 days beginning with March 15. The rates will be the same as in former seasons, $33 from Chicago, $30 from Mis souri Riyer points and $25 from the Colorado region. Although the reduced rates will be advertis ed to a considerable extent, the roads state they will make no special effort to induce organized parties of homeseekers to come west. They state that heretofore the low rates have been taken ad vantage of by wage-earners, principally, and that but few bona fide homeseekers are gen erally included in the large part ies that come out each Spring and Fall. Genuine would-be settlers will come at any time of the year without waiting for special rates. The beys and girls of Oregon who will earnestly strive to make themselves proficient in potato growing, raising corn, vegetables lor pigs, sewing, cooking and baking, or in keeping farm and dairy accounts may find them selves entitled to a reward well worthy their best efforts. The Agricultural College, co-operating with the State Superinten dent of Schools, is planning to give to at least two boys from each county in the state a trip to Salem for the entire week of the State Fair. In addition, at least ten of the highest scoring prize winners will have all their ex penses paid on a visit to the Panama-Pacific Exposition at San Francisco next year. It is expected that industrial clubs will be organized in nearly all the i In i I.- of the state and these clubs will be entitled to bulletins and information and advice of every sort regard ing anv line of work they may decide to take up. In the gardening contest frac tional tracts must be cultivated and accurate records of every detail of the work and its results must be kept It is hoped that a large percentage of all the school children in the state will take part in this contest The annual short course in agriculture and its allied inter ests will be held in Burns from February 16 to 21 inclusive . A special effort will be made to as sist the new settlers who have come from other states and have found climatic conditions to which they are not accustomed. The Burns Commercial Club will ar range for suitable halls in which to hold meetings and also to care for visitors from distant parts of the county. A meeting of the Salem Com mercial Club has recently been held for the purpose of launch ing a systematic- campaign for the exploitation of the logan berries for which the Willamette Valley is becoming famous. It is said that the berries reach a greater perfection in this valley than anywhere else in the world, but with a constant increase in their production without a cor responding expansion of a de mand, it is imperative that steps be taken to keep the industry in its present profitable condition. It is probable that samples of the berries, dried or otherwise preserved, will be sent to big steamship lines and to hotels and Summer resorts where the demand will certainly grow as the fruit becomes known. Ku Stomach Trouble Ov.r. Mr. Dyspeptic, would you like to feel that vour stomach troubles were over, that you could eat any kind of food you desired without tnuryT That may seem so un- likely to you that you do not even hope for an ending of your trouble but permit us to assure you that them. He says, "I was troubled with heartburn, indigestion, and liver complaint until I used Chamberlain's Tablets, then my trouble was over." Sold by all dealers. Don't miss the picture grams at Tonawama. pro- LOCAL PEOPLE PROPOSE BUILDING A RAILROAD North and South Line to Connect With Through Road to San Francisco is Planned. Resolutions Put up to Commercial Club and The Citizens. The Route Selected Feasible One Having noted how some -farmers in Montana had planned building a railroad themselves by organizing locally and securing assistance from people along the proposed line of road and financi ers at other points, C. A. Hawley and a few friends called a meet ing of a few men of this city last Saturday evening and placed the matter of Burns taking the initia tive and building a railroad to the south to connect with a through line to San Francisco. There were not many at this first meeting but it was considered such a good proposition that a committee was appointed to make further investigation of the feasi bility of the scheme and to get up a set of resolutions to submit at a later meeting. The com mittee consisted of three of those prebent at the meeting, C. A. Hawley, A. O. Faulkner and Sam Muthershead; to these was added the names of J. L. Gault and L. M. Brown. Upon meeting later this committee decided to con sult with the executive committee of the Commercial Club with the result that these gentlemen join ed in forming the resolutions to be submitted. The resoulutions submitted follew: "We. your committee, appoint ed for the purpose of inquiring further into the merits of a pro posed railroad to be constructed from this place to some point to the southward, probably in the state of Nevada, where connec tions can oe naci with some through line to the city of San Francisco, beg to report and re commend as follews: "First, we are in favor of such projectand for the following rea rea eons: We confront a situation that is becoming intolerable. Here is a valley which with its tributaries constitute an area larger than some of the eastern states, that for more than a quarter of a cen tury has remained practically un THE FRENCH HOTEL DAVID NEWMAN, Prop. Strictly First Class. Splendid Service, Fine Accomodations, Commercial Headquarters Sample Room In Connection, Reasonable Rates f BLUE MT. STAGE CO. Daily Line, Burns and Prairie City SCHEDULE: LEAVE Hum. 6am Canyon City ? Prairie City 2:30 p m Canyon City 7 pm Burns Fare, Burns-Prairie City, Hound Trip, Express Rates 2 1-2 Cents, Prairie to Burns PLEASANT, SCENIC ROUTE ALL THE WA Y L. WOLDENBERC.tProp. THE WELCOME PHARMACY la The Place to Trade -WHY- First: Prompt neat, accuracy and fair dealing. Secend: We carry a wall assorted stock of Drug, Chemi cals and Druggist Sundries. Third: We guarantee every article we sell to be juat as represented or your money refunded. If you are a customer of ours you know this. If not, be come one and be convinced. J. C. Welcome. Jr. developed because of its remote ness from rail rood transporta tion. The soil is rich; we are favored with a most delightful climate, mild in winter and cool in summer; there is an abun dant rainfall for successful dry farm ing and an unlimited amount of water available for irrigation in a word our country possesses every natural advan tage and condition for the sup port of a large and prosperous population. In its possibilities for grain farming, for the grow ing of livestock, and for diversi fied agriculture it is not surpassed by any other region of like size in the northwest But further development is at an end until railroad connections are secured with the outside world, especially with the great markets of the Pacific Coast. Every day inves tors and homeseekers turn away for no other reasen than our iso lation from transportation. Other parts of the Northwest progrofS while our own remains at a com parative standstill. It is idle to invite people to come here and invest and make it their hon.e under present conditions. Rail road shipping facilities is an ab solute necessity to the develop ment of any country today. Lack of it is a barrier to the very class of people we so much need to assist in the development of the country. "We have hoped that railroads would be built into cur valley? We have on many occasions been i assured that roads would be built and built at once. But year after year have come and gone, bring ing disappointment after disap pointment until patience in this matter has long since ceased to be a virtue, It is true that rail roads have been constructed to the very threshold of this region. from both the east and the west, but we are unable to elicit any (Continued on page 2.) HflH AKR1VK Canyon City Prairie City 1U a in II no, I- $ 6.00 11.00