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CITY OF BURNS
COUNTY OF HARNEY
The Biggest County In The State
The Bif grtt City In The Biggest
County In The State Of Oregon I
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VOL. XXVI
BURNS, HARNEY COUNTY, OREGON. MARCH 1, 1913
Of Oregon, Best In The West
NO. I
Benefits Harney Co. Farmers
Well
Interest Great And Much Enthusiasm Manifest
Illarnev county farmers have work during the past week as it
been given an opportunity this , could not do it with justice to the
week that is not the good fortune ' subjects covered, yet it would be
of many such sections to receive. of vast benefit to those who found
The short course in agriculture, j it impossible to attend. The dis
janimal husbandry and domestic j cussions, demonstrations, labora
science that was brought right ! tory work and illustrated lectures
to their homes was unique. It were right to the point and par
jis something that has never been ticularly applicable to Harney
done before in the history of the county. Every question consid
X'nited States a complete short , ered was complete and made en
course held away from the regu- entirely plain to those attending.
Lr colleges. It is a distinction One gray haired man, one of
worthy of note and highest ap
preciation. Harney county has
the first high school to put in a
complete course of study along
these lines and local people are
to profit by it The general ad
vancement of the country war-
rants the outlay ana tne individ
ual farmer who took advantage
01 it is going nome witn a mucn
better understanding of his pres
ent condition, tnat is a mucn
clearer understanding of his par
ticular line of work, what he can
profitably raise and the righl
methods to pursue.
No man who did not attend
his course can realize the im-
Iportance of it or the benefits.
lit is as absolutely esseniial to his
iuccess to have the knowledge
Imparted to him during the past
reek as the professional man who
mist follow his line of work It
many that age, said it was the
most beneficial "primary class"
ne had ever witnessed at work.
Every question was answered in
a thorough manner. It was made
plain and gone over until every
farmer understood it.
The class to take advantage of
the course was much larger than
had been hoped for. The atten
dance increased from the begin
ning and today finds the largest
attendance of farmers ever gat
hered in Hums for any occasion.
There were doubting ones at the
beginning of the course but be
fore the finish each individual
realized it was not theoretical
but entirely within the grasp of
the farmer. Economy was
taught in every respect. Sug
gestions followed questions of
such character that would be
more or less expensive how to
composition as effecting value i careful explanation
and production; the four com-, film moisture particularly its
ponents that make up seils: paramount importance to the dry
sands, silt, clay and organic mat- farmer since it is this form that
ter- the qualities, good and bad supplies crops during dry weath
of each component, the propor- er. The movements of moisture
tions found in the different types in the soil, the reason for them
of soil throughout the county, and the control of the same
.as shown that farming is not a avoid Dig expenditures to secure
haphazard vocation but a science, results.
mat in order to be successful I'rof. Scudder took up soils the
be farmer must have the right first day and discussed the for-
irt. mation. His talk was followed
This was fully realized by by demonstration of analysis.
IProf. Scudder some time ago as I he soils of this section were ex
plicable to this particular sec- amined and discussed thoroughly.
of the He followed this from day to day
instruc-! with other subjects making dry
ton -tnat tne iarmers
ry area must be given
jons or he would be a failure.
"his accounts for his using his
ifluence in bringing a short
bourse to Burns at this time.
The Times-Herald will not at-
farming the particular object as
he realizes this method of farm
ing requires special study.
In the course in soils Prof.
Scudder discussed the origin of
jmpt to give the details of the I the soils of Harney county. The
THE BURNS HOTEL
DELL DIBBLE, Prop.
Centrally Located, Good Clean
Meals, Comfortable Rooms,
Clean and Sanitary Beds
First Class Bar In Connection. Give Me A Call
THE FORD CARm
MODEL "T" 1918
It is the Universal Car ;Not a Cheaper
Car; but A Better Car
Every third car in the whole world is FORD and
every owner is a satisfied one that means much to you
Touting Cars 5 Passenger $725.00
Roadster, Two Passenger $650.00
' All fully equipped and delivered here in Burn
For catalogues and full information enquire of
BURNS GARAGE
Bseiaatve Anl Far Haraajr Ceaaty
Samples were on hand from var
ious section including Callow Val
ley, Harriman. Sunset, Harney
Valley proper, Silver Creek, etc.
He took up l he offset of the dif
ferent proporUoni of compon
ents upon the fertility, upon the
kind of crops to bfl grown, upon
moisture conservation, methods
of tillage anil management.
The fanners, stockmen and
homesteaders were EMU given a
laboratory session in -oil judging,
each one examining and estimat
ing tlie composition of the var
ious samples of soil types. This
was followed later in the week
by each farmer judging the soil
of his own land in cases where
samples weir liroiight in.
A discussion that liroiight out
much infoi niation and resulted
in sneoarsgemenl was hardpnn.
I'rof. Scudder discussed this at
length, where liardpans occur,
how formed, how they effected
production and how they were
remedied. The important jmint
brought out in this discussion
was that proper tillage and crop-
through tillage for maintaining
a dry loose soil mulch 3 to 4 inches
in depth throughout the spring
and summer The greater value
of a fine cloddy mulch rather
than a dust mulch.
Demonstration of capillary
movements in the different soils
of Harney county and how this
movement is stopped by layers
of loose matter such as clods and
heavy stubble turned the furrow
slice, or gravel seams, prevent
ing moisture reaching the root
area.
This lesson was followed by
anotner laooratory session in
which practical testing of alfalfa
and different grains was carried
out by the farmers and examina
tion of weed seeds alfalfa impuri
ties was made. High quality
SSSd in dry farming operations is
absolutely essential and the lab
oratory work in testing has con
vinced the farmers of the enor
mous losses suffered through the
use of inferior seed and how
easily seed may be tested and
this loss avoided. The interest
of cnpilory more productive they will be
come."
"The humus content is rather
low -the greatest weakness. By
starting with proper farming
methods from the beginning, the
humus may steadily be increased.
Alfalfa and field peas and the
feeding of' a certain amount of
livestock, auch as hogs snd horses,
on the dry farms will not only
maintain and increase fertility
but bring the greatest profits."
"Don't be afraid of hsrdpans.
Although they are undesirable
tillage, cropping and moisture
conservation will do sway with
them."
"Alkali is due largely to lack
of natural drainage but is harm
ful only when concentrated in
the surface zones. Deep plowing,
manuring and moisture conserv
ing tillage will quickly disperse
the strong alkali into the subsoil,
when thus dispersed snd diluted
in strength it is no longer harm
ful to plant growth but benefi
cial." "Movement of capillary mois
ture in the soil to the surface
where it is lost through evapora
lien is precisely like tne move
ment of oil from the reservoir in
the lamp up through the wick to
the flame where it is burned
away. Lut the wick in two be
tween the reservoir and the flame
ping methods and moisture con- in the laboratory work, although umj )e movement stops the
servation would gradually cause the facilities are not what they j burning away ceases. Introduce
the hardpans to melt away. should be, was so great that the'a Jqq, Uyer of soil a soil mulch
Next, an explanation of the farmers retu-ned to the empty I between the moisture stored in
forms, occurence, causes and hall after the sessions were over tne goji and the sun and wind
remedies for alkali in soils, to continue the tests by them-' tj,at evaporate it and capillary
Practical methods for handling selves.
alkali soils were given and many The following quoted para
questions asked. graphs are from various lectures
Having been given the inform- of Prof-' Scudder during the
tion as to the composition and week:
qualities of their soils and the "The Harney county soils are
remedies for their defects the good, physically for moisture con
farmers were ready for the servation; chemically, as to the
course in dry tarming. In this plant loou supply, success ae-
the first matter discussed were ponds upon the farmer. The
the forms of soil moisture a more these soils are worked the
NATURAL RASPBERRIES
j 25cts Per Gallon Delivered 2 Sets .
Too much cannot be said of the Natural Rasp
berry. While it id classed as dry berries, it is not
strictly such, being more moist, sweeter and more
like fresh berries. It may be eaten from the hand
like raisins. It makes a sauce as nice as canned
berries. I guarantee one package of berries to
make one gallon sauce if the directions are care
fully followed. You can't make a gallon of sauce
from any other kind of dried fruit nor buy can
ned fruit at that price. Besides it is the richest
and nicest sauce made especially for pies. The
Natural Raspberry is king of piemakers.
In order to introduce this delicious fruit, 1 am
offering 10 one gallon packages of Natural Rasp,
berries by mail postpaid, upon receipt of $2.50.
Smaller lots 30cts per 1 gallon packages. Call
on your local dealer for small lots and demand
that he gives you Natural Raspberries so labeled
The Natural Raspberry is sanitary. It is partly
dried on the bushes and harvested by machinery.
Is never touched by the human hand nor soiled
by dirty fingers. Wrapped in water-proof paper
Send All Orders To
M. B. SHERMAN
PAYETTE, IDAHO
Your Safety Demands
That You Have Your Prescriptions Filled At The
REXALL DRUG STORE
A license is not all that it required to fill Prescriptions.
You must have perfect quality of ingredients, accuracy in
compounding and complete and well kept stock.
We give you all these. We never substitute. Your
Doctor's wish is carried out to the minutes detail.
REED BROS., Props.
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BaaalMlaaaaKsfl
Taajj, T
"""w. S
action is stopped, the enormous
loss through evaporation ceases
No less interesting was the
work of Prof. Potter in his talks
on stock. The judging hours
were of particular interest to
local stock men and his lectures
each afternoon were practical.
Perhups the most particular
points touched in the discussion
was the advantages of the farm
er on the dry area along the line
of horse raising -and other stock
too for that matter but the
point we wish to take up here is
the horses. Prof. Potter made
the assertion that the dry farmer
of Central Oregon had a distinct
advantage for raising horses on
account of more or less open
range that would not be utilised
for years. The native pasture
stubble and forage more or less
unsaleable would be at his com
mand. Another feature in this
respect was the fact that he needs
just the class of horses for his
own use as are the best sellers.
The draft horse always has a
good sale and since it is necessary
for the dry farmer to do his work
at the particular time conditions
are right he needs motive power.
Iiy using a good grade draft mare
instead of geldings or mules he
not only accomplishes the work
but has a revenue producing
power rather than an expense.
While it may take a few more
mares than geldings or mules,
they are bringing in a profit at
the same time. Prof. Potter
noted that the farmers of the
Umatilla, Wasco and Sherman
county sections had made better
money than most farmers along
this line as they have more or
less horses to turn off each year,
thus making something regard
less of the season. They have
the necessary stock to put in
their crops at the important per
iod, do it quickly and after the
heavy work is over tome of them
are sold to an advantage. He
summed the matter up thus: The
dry farmer has, first: the necess
ary feed; second, he raises the
class of horses that have the
most ready sale, and third, the
class he more particularly needs
on the farm.
Prof. Potter was very interest
ing in his discussions of beef
feeding. He says this section
has particular climatic conditions
that make it ideal for beef feed
ing. We are going to raise more
hay and the secret of success
along this line is the judicious
handling of the product. We
aij going to turn off better beef
here on hay alone than many
less fortunately adapted sections
on grain. He realizes that as
cultivation increases the range
area is going to decrease but not
entirely. We are always going
to have more or less range and
hay when properly irrigated, the
alfalfa and a little grain we are
fortunately situated along this
line of production. Prof. Potter
ssys with alfalfa and clover hay
we do not require any grain to
finish beef. .The native hay will
not put on flesh as rapidly as the
others mentioned, and it will take
more of it, but beef fed on wild
hay will not shrink as much as
the alfalfa fed stock when
shipped. The dry farmer is go
ing to raise some stock for beef
and will get his hay from the ir
rigated farm, while the latter
will take some of the former's
grain to finish his stuff if he
wants to rush it.
According to Prof. Potter the
essential point in beef feeding is
to make the best of the forage.
Every inducement must be givei.
the beef steer to eat hay. He
needs about 40 lbs a day and he
should be humored to eat it. On
alfalfa hay beef may be finished
quickly and to best advantage
with a small ration of 5 or (i lbs.
of grain. With wild hay as the
main forage it will require a little
more grain but the maximum
would be 10 lbs. in this case.
However, his advise is to make
the hay count.
Thursday afternoon was spin
at the Bell A Ranch of Wm. Han
ley in judging beef. Almost the
entire class made the trip in
autos and rigs, local people tak
ing four horse teams to accommo
date the outside visitors. This
(Continued on Second Page)
Oregon Trunk Railway Train
Now Leaves Bend 6:45 a. m. Ar
rives Portland 5:30 p. m.
This train runs through with
out change to Portland, crossing
the Columbia River on the splen
did bridge at the Celilo Falls.
Direct connections are made at
Fallridge for Spokane and all
eastern points.
One On Prof. Scudder
Prof. Scudder of the Agro
nomy Department at the Agri
cultural College is undoubtedly
the most popular "farmer" ever,
so far as Harney county is con
cerned. He understands his
work thoroughly and has made
the "Short Coursers" know he
does, but he had been called up
on to undertake new "roles" dur
ing this course. When leaving
Corvallis the other day he was
provioed with stereopticon slides
of wultry and as the "hen men"
was not here it was "up to"
Scudder to accompany the pict
ures with a talk. He wanted
Prof. Potter of Animal Husban
dry, to do this "stunt" but Pot
ter refused as he talks "animal"
and not poultry. Prof. Scudder
gave a most interesting talk on
the hen and no one noticed any
thing wrong, but Potter was
1200 ACRE RANCH ON
DEAD OX FLAT SOLD
Syndicate Pays $80,000 For
The O. W. Potter Ranch
Last Week
It is reported that 0. W. Por
ter has sold his 1200-acre ranch
on Dead Ox Flat, opposite Weis
er, for $80,000 to a syndicate
headed by David Wilson, of Em
met. A goodly portion of the
ranch has been under cultivation
for several years, yet it was not
until last year that Mr. Porter
attempted to cultivate it on a
more extended scale, when he
installed electric pumps sufficient
to supply 600 acres. By those in
a position to know it is said the
land is admirably adapted to
fruit raising and is so situated as
to eliminate all danger of frost.
Before a great while a number
of families will be located on the
tract, which will rapidly be
transformed into one of the most
productive spots in the famous
Snake river valley. -Ontario Argus.
Chronic Stomach Trouble Cured.
There is nothing more discour
aging than a chronic disorder of
the stomach, and it is surprising
that many suffer for years with
BUch an ailment when a perma
nent cure is within their reach
and may be had for a trifle.
"About one year ago," says P.
H. Beck, of Wakelee, Mich.. "I
bought a package of Chamber
lain's Tablets, and since using
them I have felt perfectly well.
I had previously used any number
of different medicines, but none
of them were of any lasting bene
fit." sold by all dealers.
The Forty Year Test.
An article must have excep
tional merit to survive for a peri
od of forty years. Chamberlain 's
Cough Remedy was first offered
to the public in 1872. From a
looking for something and after small beginning it has grown in
it was over remarked to Scudder j favor and popularity until it has
"that poultrymen always refer attained a world wide reoutation.
to chickens as "birds" and not; You will find nothing better for a
as "animals." 'cough or cold. Try it and you
will understand why it is a favor
chamberiain'. Tablet, for Con.tip.tion. jte after a period of more than
Forconstipation, Chamberlain's 40 years. It not only gives re
Tablets are excellent. Easy to I lief it cures. For sale by all
take, mild and gentle in effect, dealers.
Give them a trial. For sale by
all dealers. Always ready for job printing
THE FRENCH HOTEL
JOHN R WALKUP, Prop.
Strictly First Class. Splendid
Service, Fine Accomodations,
Commercial Headquarters
Sample Room In Connection, Reasonable Rates
INLAND EMPIRE REALTY COMPANY
W. T. LESTOK (BURNS, OREGON) J. D. McNKIL
Burns Meat Market
H. J. HANSEN, Proprietor
Beef, Pork, Veal, Mutton,
Sasuage, Bolonga,
Headcheese and Weinerworst, Etc
Wholesale and Retail
Prompt and Satisfactory Service
Your Patronge Solicited and
Orders Given Quick Attention
Insure your Dwelling, Harn or other properly with us in the Best Companies, (iuar-
anteed ; ivernmMiil Land Script of all kinds handled by us. Investigate our late lists
igal Land Matter Attended To Promptly
What Have Yon To Offer In Exchange?
We have a split, idid Fruit Ranch in the fruit belt of Colorado; a modern improved
raneh adajuining Rosalia, Washington and a splendid mercantile business in Moscow.
Idaho. Any of these fine properties can be traded for a good stock and hay ranch in
Harney County. We succeed where others fail. Write, or call on us at any time.
Prescriptions Carefully Compounded
MEANS EVERYTHING V
To the Doctor and his Patient. That it why the Doctor
gets the result he expected when he wrote the prescrip
tion why the patient gets the results from the medicine
which the Doctor expected. Such results are obtained from
prescriptions when filled at our store, for we always have
a competent man in charge of this department.
I
THE WELCOME, PHARMACY
J. C. WELCOME, Jr., Prop.