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3CIe 0rcnl 3-tnriicjj (T.otiiiiry
Cowra am nrcn ,il (I, I28.H0O inn ol
Innil, 4,rini,fJftl iutch i't MK'iint niiliii'cl
to entry tinilur tlm public Iniid iiiun ol
llin United HI 11 1 en.
Th OffloUl Paper of Harney County
hss'ths.Urgnst circulation and Is ono of
ths'.Ust advcrtlslnRlmedlums In Kaslorn
Ortgon.
NUKNS, IIAHN10Y COUNTY, ORKGON, JANUARY 22, If Jo
NO. 10
VOL. XXIII
ss
fhe
fflXltlJolf &IJX
RAILROAD WORK BEGIN
Construction Toward Harney Valley
When Spring Comes Once More
ONTARIO PAPER
Utah Construction Company has Contract to Build UiRlity Allies
During ComtaR Season, Bringing Road to Junturn Col. C.
E. S. Wood Makes Appeal for State to Buy Railroads.
The Ontario railroad up the
Malheur river is to be extended
to Juntura at once, work to bo (
started when the weather will
permit, says the Argus.
Apparently tho people distant
arc better posted on this than
our home folks as railroad,
builders are coming in on every ,
train looking for places on tho
grade. This confirms the re
Tvirts nassed out several days
ago.
The Utah Construction Com
pany has a contract to build
eiehtv miles of road during the
coming season which will take,
the rails to the junction of the
rivers, Juntura.
Several persons in Ontario
have been engaged by D. II.
Ashton, engineer in charge of
construction, to report soon as
the weather breaks up.
Several cars loaded with ma
terial to be used in the construc
tion has arrived and everything
will be ready to rush the work
all season.
There will be considerable
rock through the canyon above
the Harper ranch but nothing
difficult from a railroad builders
standpoint
From Juntura to the Harney
Valley is about 45 miles and
this will bo covered with all
The road has been promised,
for many years but it required
the advent of Jim Hill into Ore
eon to force the actual building
and it appears now as though
the Hill interests have acquired,
the necessary interests to givej
them a right of way through the
canyon, outside of that point
there is ample room for both
lines.
UROES STATE TO BUY RAILROADS.
"The crank of today, gentle
men, is the great fellow of to
morrow." With this preface, Col. C. E.
S. Wood last night launched into
a talk before the annual meeting
and banquet of the Chamber of
Commerce, that held the atten
tion of his listeners until the
very moment they had to 'run to
get their last car'. He talked
upon the future of the - state, in
response to a request to address
the meeting on eastern Oregon,
says the Journal.
"I would rather have been as
signed some other subject,"
Colonel Wood explained, "be
cause I have talked on eastern
Oregon so much and so often
that perhaps you have about run
out But I will speak on eastern
Oregon, because it is a vast tract
of undeveloped country, and de
velopment is the battle cry of tho
day.
"I heard this evening that we
are going to build a $1,000,000
creamatory. Now, if we can
only get the right people into
this crematory but I do not
mean to load it up with cranks,
because the crank of today is the
great fellow tomorrow. Now, if
you do not know any cranks
around this neighborhood, I can
introduce you to one. Stick to
the crank."
Colonel Wood's opportunity to
speak came shortly before mid
night, after the reading of a
number of interesting but length
ly reports of the work for tho
year of the chamber's officers
and committees, and after the
announcement of the nominating
committee's selection of officers
for the ensuing year.
After depicting in true colors
and a most entertaining stylo tho
men that Binco tho encroachment
upon the reign of tho red men
have constituted tho sparce,
widelyrBcattered and isolated
population of tho vast stretches
ANNOUNCES IT
of eastern Oregon, but who aro
now rapidly passing before "civ
ilization, development and rail
road construction," tho speaker
led to the question of public
ownership of tho railroads. Ho
took up the strain introduced by
President MacMastcr, in his an
nual report, where ho stated that
when the legislature wns in ses
sion tho chamber took the initia
tive in getting through for the
submission of tho voters of tho
state a constitutional amendment,
giving tho state power to create
railroad districts.
The movement ho explained,
had been started largely becauso
the exigency existed especially
in regard to eastern Oregon, but
he could see no necessity for the
adoption by the state of this
amendment now with the Hill
and Harriman interests contend
ing for control of the eastern
Oregon business.
Colonel Wood docs not see tho
matter in that light He went
on to explain that now is the
time for tho state of Oregon to
get into tho domain of some
33,000,000 acres of undeveloped
land and secure its right of way
for railroads that within the next
25 years would have an aggre
gate value of millions, so groat
that it could hardly bo imagined.
"And you will hove to come to
it some time," ho continued,
so it would be better to obtain
these rights now, when the land
may bo had for the asking.
He said the state should build
and own railroads and lease them
to competent railroad managers,
but have the say as to how they
were to bo run. To illustrate
that his ideas aro not merely
theoretical, ho pointed to tho
Atlantic & Western owned by
the state of Georgia and operat
ed under a lease to a profit of
more than $500,000 and an en
hancement in value of the prop
erty to tho extent of about $12,
000,000. "That is only a small
stretch of road," he said. "This
is something you should think
about The question before us
is which is tho best way to regu
late tho railroad -by legislature
and interstate commerce com
missions and railroad commis
sions, or by public ownership. I
would suggest that tho mer
chants of Portland and the far
mers of the Btate get in closer
touch with each other."
Colonel E. Hofer of Salem,
touched upon tho same, subject,
saying that it might be well to
keep the big slick, as he termed
the proposed railroad district
amendment, within easy reach
becauso there is no telling when
it might bo needed. Colonel
Hofer also took occasion to com
mend the work dono by tho
chamber during tho past year
and which, he said was being
much appreciated bv tho inter
ior of tho state.
INDUSTRIAL NOTES.
(Portland Correspondence.),
Wool growers of tho country
will gather at Portland in 1911,
bringing to this city a convention
representative of a great indus
try. Delegates to tho recent
convention of tho wool men at
Ogden from tho Pacific North
west were a unit for Portland as
tho next meeting place and they
captured the gathering without
serious opposition. Ninety per
cent of tho wool growers of tho
country aro members of tho or
ganization and tho convention
will bring thousands of visitors
to Portland. Tho next mooting
of tho national body will bo held
hero in January, 1911,
Grocers of tho state will gather
at Eugene January 2G and 27 for
tho annual convention of tho
Oregon Retail Grocers' Associa
te , Thcro is a splen lid pro
gram of deep interest to tho
dealers in food-stuffs and tho nt-
tendnnco is expected to bo tho
largest in tho history of tho slate
association. Problems coming
up in tho grocery business will bo
discussed and mutual help gained
from tho interchango of ideas of
tho various dealers.
Portland is entertaining today
what is snid to bo the biggest
excursion parly over organized
in tho Northwest nnd which in
cludes 225 residents of Spokane,
tho Coeur d'Alene country,
Walla Walla and tho Palouso
country and of the Canadian
provinces of Alberta and Sas
katchewan. Tho party occupies
a special train of Pullmans and
is bound for California. It was
organized by the Spokane Cham
ber of Commerce and tho Walla
Walla Commercial Club in con
nection with the Harriman lines,
it having becomo tho custom to
run a midwinter excursion to
California each year. While in
Portland tho excursionists aro
being entertained by the Port
land Commercial Club.
An example of tho big money
in hog raising wns given hero
during tho past week when a
single porker, weighing 080
pounds, brought $01.20. Tin's is
the highest prico that a single
hog over brought at tho stock
yards. Tho huff was raised by
Henry Larkin, of Colfax, Wash.
Hogs reached $9.20 during tho
week.
Coos Hay scorns to be in line
for somo real railroad building
and both tho Hill and Harriman
systems aro reported to bo show
ing interest in that section. It
is said work is about to be re
sumed on the Southern Pacific
line from Drain and the North
ern Pacific is said to be negotia
ting for big coal holdings, which
lie close to Mnrshficld.
I'AK.UINO l.liADS.
"Farming in tho United States
probably made more progress
during 1909 than any other in
dustry," was the comment made
in Wall street this week by a big
railroad operator. "Farmers
are realizing, and so aro railroad
men, bankers, merchants and
manufacturers that to tho far
mer we must look for most of
our substantial prosperity. The
steel and iron industries may bo
running full tilt; the railroads
may have more business than
they can handle, but let tho far
mer got discouraged and down
comes tumbling every other
business enterprise," lie went
on.
Tho value of farm products is
placed at $8,700,000,000, an in
crease of $809,000,000 over 1908
and nearly double the value of 10
years ago. Tho valuo of pro
ducts in 11 years has been $70)
000,000,000. Tho hop crop is
valued at $005,000,000, oats at
$100,000,000, potatoes at $212,
000,000, tobacco at nearly $100,
000,000, wheat at $725,000,000,
corn at $1,720,000,000 and tho
lint and seed of cotton crop at
$859,000,000.
Tho production of all cereals
combined is .1,711, 000,000 bushels,
an amount considerably greater
than that for any other year ex
cept 190G. It exceeded tho aver
ago of preceding fiyo years by
0.5 per cent. Tho valuo of all
cereals in 1909 has never been
equaled in a previous year. It
is almost exactly $3,000,000,000,
or 34 per cent above tho live
year average. Tho incrcaso in
tho valuo of farm products this
year over 1908 of $809,000,000,
is enough to buy a now equip
ment of farm machinery for 0,
000,000 farms. Fanning, in
stead of being looked upon as
only tho occupation for tho lazy,
uneducated class, now ovidontly
takes foremost rank nmorift tho
industries of America. All rail
road presidents seem to agree on
this point, as do many bankers,
merchants and brokers with
whom I have talked.
Tho French Hotel oilers all tho
comforts of home. It is well
kept, orderly and centrally loca
ted. Tho table service is tho
best to bo had at all seasons of
tho year. L, 11. Culp, proprietor,
Hngoy & Richardson now have
a complete lino of fresh groceries
and now dry goods. Seo them
in their now store.
LA WS ARE ANTIQUATED
President Taft Urges Change in Land
- T n i ite
LaiVS III Special MeSSage
CONSERVATION
Lays Stress Upon Economic Importance of Alnking Best Use of
Self-contained Resources of SoilI'rofcssor. Bradley Ex
plains Necessity of Conserving Soil Chemicals to Aid Plant.
President Taft in his latest shall bo made complete and tin
message urges reform of tho land questioned. "
laws. Ho speaks of tho reforms.
instituted by his "distinguished
itttjwl.wtfwwtit M tt1 cintro 4lwitF lik
,,n.,i.knmi, .... U..J.. ..j ...
being continued under tho pro- the Wet of n lecture by Clmr
sent Administration; he urges Ics Ht Bradley, professor of agri
conservation of water-power; ho culture chemistry at tho Oregon
lays stress upon tho economic Agricultural College, before an
importance of making the best audience representing the Port
use of tho self-contained resour-land Apple Growers Association
cesof the soil; he sees tho future at the Y. M. C. A., says tho
importance of irrigation; he would
preserve to future generations of
miners and farmers the great
timber of the uncut forest; and
ho would inaugurate a system of .
improving tho waterways of tho
country. He finds that the un
provement'of waterways means
lower freight rates, and that "it
is the best regulator of those
rates that wo have." Somo of
the sentences from tho message
are:
"The truth is that title to mil
lions of acres of public lands was
fraudulently obtained, and that
tho right to recover a large part
of such lands long since ceased
by reason of statutes of limita
tion." "Tho present statues, except
so far as they dispose of precious
metals and puroly agricultural
lands, are pot adapted to carry
out tho modern view of the best
disiositionof public land's to pri
vate ownership, under conditions
offering, on the one hand, suffi
cient inducement to private capi
tal to take them over for proper
development with restrictive con
ditions, and on tho other, which
shall secure to tho public that
character of control which will
prevent a monopoly or a misuse
of the lands or their products."
"One of tho most pressing
needs in the matter of public
laud reform is that lands should
bo classified according to their
principal valuo or use."
"The extent of the values of
phosphate is hardly realized, and
with the need that there will bo
for it as tho years roll on, and
ns tho necessity for fcrlilizing
tho land shall becomo more
acute, this will bo a product
which will probably attract the
greed of monopolists."
"Development in electrical ap
pliances for tho conversion of
water power into electricity to
bo transmitted long distances has
progressed so far that it is no
longer problematical, but it is a
certain infernuco that in tho fu
ture power of water, flowing in
tho streams, to a largo axtent
will take tho place of natural
"In considering tho conserva-
tion of natural resources of tho
country, tho feature Hint trans-!duQ
cends nil others, including
woods, waters and Minerals, is
tho soil."
"But thcro aro millions of
acres of completely arid land in
tho public domain, which, by tho
establishment of reservoirs for
tho storing of water and irriga
tion of tho Innds, may bo made
much more fruitful and product-
ivo than tho best lands in a cli-
mato where tho moisture comes
from tho clouds."
"Ono difficulty which has
arison is that too many projects, out water. Temperature is an
in view of tho availtiblo funds, 'Othohphysical condition which
havo been set on foot." must bo taken into consideration.
"I earnestly recommend thai We'WlnuVthat plant lifo barely
all suggestions which ho (Secre- exhists at zero temperature, is
tnry Ballingcr) has made with 'ndrtUhiesl at from 80 to 90 de-
respect to theso lands (timber
lands), shall bo embodied in sta-
tutesand. especially, that wit'h - '
drawals already made shall bo'
validated so far as necessary and
that doubt as to tho authority of
tho Secretary of tho Intorlor to
wlilulrnw lfinln for the mirnoso
of submitting recommendations
us to futuro disposition of them"
whero now legislation is needed,
OF RESOURCES
SOIL CIIEMIAI. All) PLANT 1.11 1!.
,, .. .. ,,,.,.,,,
Oregonian. Professor Bradley
illustrated his lecture with a i
series of charts and storeopticon
views, which indicates tho wealth
and valuo of various soils.
The epitono of Professor Brad
ley's lecture was that farmers
should do something toward the
conservation of tho chemical ele
ments in the soil, which aro valu
able for plant foodH. He espe
cially urged the value of conserv
ing nitrogen. This, he brought
out, could best be accomplished
by the planting of clover crops
or crops of red clover, vetch or
alfalfa which are somo of tho few
plants which derive their nitro
gen from tho air, ahd when plow
ed under leave the nitrogen in
various compounds in the soil.
He pointed out, however, that
while the older communities are
spending largo sums in putting
new plant foods into tho soils by
administering' ' potaSsium, phos
phorus, lime and nitrogen into
the soil in. various compounds,
the great Northwestern country
is still using the native plant
foods ajid has. not as yet found a
great necessity for feeding the
soil. Professor Bradley answer
ed mnny-. questions during the
course qr'tno lecture. His lec
ture was in part as follews:
"TJie.orjgii) of soil comes first
of nlljfcoiji decomposition and
disintreprntjon of rock. The
chai'aqt'cv.o rock determines in
largo measure the wealth of the
soil. ThU -decomposition takes
pla.ee' throughout all time, the
weathering and oxidation being
the principal agents. Moistuic
helps' to. reduco the rock to pow
der and then by water and winds
tho crushed rock is scattered to
the valleys, where it is ultimately
tilled. Wo have had several
great ' flows of lava over this
Northwestern country, and as a
result our- soils aro highly" vol
canic. "What makes soil productive?
This is tho great question. Soil
is first of all, a complex mixture.
Wo find in it pebbles,' sand, silt,
gravel, .clay and, above all, an
organic matter, Now, climate
has much "to do with tho eharac-
ter of tho soil. Eastern Oregon,
for example, has sandy soils,
largely to 'tho dry character
of tho climate, while Western
i Oregon, a more humid climate,
is found' Willi -1'ich elay loams.
Thcro are, howevera number of
conditions -to bo recognized in
t determining tho plant
ifo of a
soil.-' These -aro physical, bacter
iological and chemical.
"Taking tho physical aspect,
plants must have moisture, and
this is shown by tho fact that a
plant is composed of 95 per cent
water. No waiter how rich the
soil, Aimla will not grow with-
(&' wid is lost again at 1-M
degrees, whoro there is no mr
- 'tMa' - plau.t .growth.
i'There , aro also bacteriological
conditions which must bo met.
lt-IwluvU known tho soil lifo as
welfcns tho soil itself is import
ant. This is for tho reason that
tho plant food is best put into
ftaod condition for assimilation
' by tho plants by certain bacteria.
"Z2zrmZ"5k?i
box of sawdust and have it just
moist enough, have it exactly
the right temperature, and have
it uo correct porosiiv for plant
growth and filled with all tho
bacteria ever found in the ground
but still wo would get not an iota
of growth. This is because the
chemical conditions nro wanting.
It is tho chemical conditions of
which I wish to speak in partic
ular. "A chemical analysis of the
ordinary plant shows 95 per cent
water. Now when the plant is
dried and tho residue is taken
again we find 95 per cent is or
ganic material, such as carbon,
uydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
ous compounds jn tho form of
starches, proteins, etc. In the
remaining five per cent we find
tho chemical reagents, which we
wish, to discuss in particular.
Here wo find a great percentage
of silicates, iron and aluminum,
which are really the diluting
agents for the other chemicals,
as nitrogen is used to dilute the
oxygen in the air we breathe.
Aside from the iron, aluminum
and silicates are potassium,
phosphorus, nitrogen nnd lime,
These aro all vital to the plant
growth, and wo know iiositively
that plnnt lifo will not cxhist
without any one of these."
250 Thrilling Stories.
In every family there is a con
stant demand for stories good,
thrilling stories of adventure and
heroism. That The Youth's
Companion .supplies this demand
is attested in more than half a
million homes.
The serial stories for 1910
alone are well worth The Youth's
Companion subscription price.
These include stories by Arthur
Stanwood Pier, C. A. Stephens,
Grace Richmond, Charles Miner
Thompson and Winifred Kirk
land. Send for full Prospectus
of the 1910 Volume and see what
an amount of the best reading
has been secured for The Youth's
Companion family for 1910.
If $1.75 for the 1010 Volume is
sent now, the new subscriber
will be entitled to all the remain
ing issues of 1909, in addition to
the 52 issues of 1910; also the
"Venetian" Calendar, litho
graphed in thirteen colors and
gold. Any one making a gift of
The Youth's Companion recieves
an extra copy of the Calendar,
in addition to the copy for the
subscriber.
Thk Youth's Companion,
Companion Bid. Boston, Mass.
New Subscriptions Received at
this Ofiico.
There is no quinine, nothing
whatever harsh or sickening in
Proven tics. Those little Candy
Cold Cure Tablets act as by
magic. A fow hours nnd your
threatening cold is broken.
Candy-like in taste. Preventics
please the children, and they
break tho feverishness, always.
And least of all is the economy.
A large box- -18 Preventics 25
cents. Ask your druggist He
knows. Sold by Heed Bros.
pctition rou Liquoit ucknsi:.
Wo tliu nmlorslKiii'J !'! voters of
Diamond Precinct, Harney County, KUtn
of Oregon ri'spoclfully potltl'iu tliu Hon.
County Com t of Hume, Hirnoy County,
Statu of Ori'Kon to (jrunt n luvnso
to .M. llortou to Mill Siirltoun Unit
mill Vinous I.iiiuorH In li-nw nuunt n
tliiin ono jj.illon In I'liiMiciiiil I'u'fini't.
Ilunioy County Htnto of Oregon for a
niriii of U niontlni, f ruin Murcli 1,
HUH tojUlKUHt ill, 1IH0 iih In duly bound
wo will ovur imy.
Names.
II. II llrowu
i. A. Smith
It. I.. Hhhx
O. M . Vim Huron
W. II. Mi'Kluxm
It. A. Smith
FimUSilvu
Tlioa Hulllviui
N'u men.
C- W Knulor
O. 8. Kklnnor
l Smyth
U S DuitKor
II 1). I'ugalry
C, T. Simmons
Clifford 1'tiiiHli-y
Ihuin llortou
No tiro
day llm
8 liuroliy tilvun Hint on Tiivh.
lut day of Mnrch 1010 tlio
nndmidnlit'il will apply to tlio Con ty
Court of tliu Htntu of OroKon for II iruoy
County for tlio llcuima montlonud In tliu
fori'Kolii); iiilitlon.
M. IIOUTON.
Application for (Irailng I'crmlti.
NOTICM Ih hunliy kIvou that all np
plloulliuiH for-poruillH to ("" ruttlo,
ImrHOH, and idiuop wltldn tlio DIvri
CI1UTKH NATIONAL l'OUHHT during
tint ucatiou of 11)10, mimt liu (Hod In my
ollli-o ut l'rluovlllo, Orison, on or boforo
I'ulmmry 2(1, 1U10. Full Informiitlon in
rog.ird to tliUHiiuliiK foH to bo charged
mil lilnnlt forum tn lut imcul In imiklllL'
L,,,,Hciition win bo furnished upon ro.
uncut. A. 8. ihkland, Supervisor.
Spring White
for
New White Waistes
Beautiful line Embroideries
Ladies Muslin Undergarments
New Spring Kimonas
New goods arriving and we will
be able to show the new lines of
waistes, gloves and summer dress
goods within a short time.
N. BROWN '& SONS
The Satiifaetory Store
Burns, Oregon.
9 S$8
M. L. LEWIS r
JFIMJNSMffi
... Represents the....
Home Insurance Co., of New York,
Llveipool, London & Globe,
Hre Assurance Co., Philadelphia. (
ORFICIi WITH BIOOS & UiaQl. Bums, OrcRon. J
Corner .South of LunaburC & Dalton's.
! WSWte
r"-
l List Your Properly With The
i Inland Empire Realty Company
W T I P5TPI? MnnncrHr. Iiiirn. Ore.
... .. .V, -.-
OOQ.A
Probabably tho greatest coffee
substitute yet produced is that
now known to grocers every
where as Dr. Shoop's Health
Codec It actually goes a third
farther than all others, and be
sides it is "made in a minute."
No 20 to 30 minutes tedious boil
ing is at all necessary. Pure
toasted grains, malt, nuts, etc.
have been so cleverly blended as
to give a wonderfully satisfying,
true genuine coffee flavor and
taste. And not a grain of
cofFee is used. 100 cups,
Sold by Reed Bros.
real
25c.
Tho biggest reduction sale on
clothing nnd gent's furnishing
that ever was at Schenk Bros.
Seo ad.
The Harriman
m
GENERAL MERCHANDISE
BEST GOODS AT
LOWEST PRICES
Complete line of
Groceries and Dry Goods
Gents Furnishings
FULL AND COMPLETE LIM w
OF HAMILTON BROWN SHOES
HARDWARE I
FARM IMPLEMENTS, WINONA
WAGONS, BARBED WIRE
: -
Wo guarnnteo qunlity and pricesLet us prove to you that w
wo have the goods at right prices-Call and sue us W
H
mmm
?
Goods
1
SXVWSWS &I?
69ffiffii
, T .-..- ,
NOTICE.
All parties owing Lewis & Gar
rett, or Simon Lewis are hereby
notified that all these accounts
aro in the hands of our attorney
C. H. Leonard for collection and
settlement Persons indebted to
us will please settle the same
with Mr. Leonnrd at once.
Simon Lewis
J. T. Garrett.
Williams Bros, saw mill at
Cold Spring on the Canyon road
is prepared to do custom work
for those desiring to take ad
vantage of their government per
mit. Also lumber for sale at $12
per thousand. Seo them about
custom prices.
SmPO
Mercantile Go.
0v- w.vXX
10
11