A4 The BulleTin • Sunday, May 30, 2021
TODAY
It’s Sunday, May 30, the 150th day
of 2021. There are 215 days left in
the year.
Today’s Highlight in History:
In 1431, Joan of Arc, condemned
as a heretic, was burned at the
stake in Rouen, France.
In 1883, 12 people were trampled
to death in a stampede sparked by
a rumor that the recently opened
Brooklyn Bridge was in danger of
collapsing.
In 1922, the Lincoln Memorial in
Washington, D.C., was dedicated
in a ceremony attended by Pres-
ident Warren G. Harding, Chief
Justice William Howard Taft and
Robert Todd Lincoln.
In 1937, ten people were killed
when police fired on steelworkers
demonstrating near the Republic
Steel plant in South Chicago.
In 1943, during World War II,
American troops secured the
Aleutian island of Attu from Japa-
nese forces.
In 1971, the American space
probe Mariner 9 blasted off from
Cape Kennedy on a journey to
Mars.
In 1972, three members of the
Japanese Red Army opened fire at
Lod Airport in Tel Aviv, Israel, kill-
ing 26 people. Two attackers died;
the third was captured.
In 1989, student protesters in
Beijing erected a “Goddess of
Democracy” statue in Tiananmen
Square (the statue was destroyed
in the Chinese government’s
crackdown).
In 1994, Mormon Church presi-
dent Ezra Taft Benson died in Salt
Lake City at 94.
In 1996, Britain’s Prince Andrew
and the former Sarah Ferguson
were granted an uncontested
decree ending their 10-year mar-
riage.
In 2002, a solemn, wordless
ceremony marked the end of the
agonizing cleanup at ground zero
in New York, 8.5 months after 9/11.
In 2006, the FBI said it had found
no trace of Jimmy Hoffa after
digging up a suburban Detroit
horse farm.
In 2015, Vice President Joe Biden’s
son, former Delaware attorney
general Beau Biden, died at 46 of
brain cancer.
Ten years ago: President Barack
Obama selected Army Gen.
Martin Dempsey to be the Joint
Chiefs of Staff chairman. Germany
Department of Special Collections, McFarlin Library, The University of Tulsa via AP
Two armed men walk away from burning buildings as others walk in the opposite direction during the June 1, 1921, Tulsa Race Massacre.
Tulsa
People
watch the
documen-
tary “Re-
building
Black Wall
Street”
during a
drive-in
screening
of docu-
mentaries
Wednesday
during cen-
tennial com-
memora-
tions of the
Tulsa Race
Massacre in
Tulsa, Okla-
homa.
Continued from A1
Many involved Black Amer-
icans, of which the Tulsa Race
Massacre is considered among
the most egregious in its ab-
solute destruction, but other
racial and ethnic communities
have been impacted as well.
Americans not knowing
about these events or not rec-
ognizing the full scope of the
country’s conflict-ridden his-
tory has impacts that continue
to reverberate, Guild said.
“If we don’t understand the
nature of the harm ... we can’t
really have a full reckoning
with the possibility of any kind
of redress,” he said.
Manisha Sinha, a profes-
sor of American history at the
University of Connecticut,
agreed.
“It’s really important for
Americans to learn from the
past, because you really can-
not even understand some of
our current-day political divi-
sions and ideas unless you real-
ize that this conversation over
both the nature and the pa-
rameters of American democ-
racy is an ongoing and a really
long one,” she said.
Atrocities in the West
and elsewhere
Terrible events that many
Americans don’t know about
include long-ago history, such
as the 1864 Sand Creek mas-
sacre of around 230 Chey-
enne and Arapaho people by
U.S. soldiers in Colorado, or
the Snake River attack in Ore-
gon in 1887, where as many as
34 Chinese gold miners were
killed.
The “massacre at Hells Can-
yon” on the Oregon side of the
Snake River happened after the
gold rush era, when Chinese
laborers came to this country
by the tens of thousands. It has
been called the worst massacre
of Chinese by whites in Amer-
ican history, according to a
2016 Oregon Public Broadcast-
ing project about the massacre.
The killers were known, but no
one was ever convicted. A me-
morial marks the spot where
the gold miners died.
Other atrocities are within
John Locher/AP
the lifetimes of many Ameri-
cans living today, like the 1985
bombing by Philadelphia po-
lice of the house that head-
quartered the Black organiza-
tion MOVE, killing 11 people.
As odd as it may sound, the
mere fact that something hap-
pened isn’t enough for it to
be remembered, said Robin
Wagner-Pacifici, a professor
teaching sociology at the New
School for Social Research,
who has written about the
MOVE bombing.
“You can never assume, no
matter how huge an event may
be in terms of its literal impact
on numbers of people, that it’s
going to be framed and rec-
ognized and move forward
in time, in memory, by future
publics or state apparatuses or
political forces,” she said.
In Oklahoma, the massacre
largely wasn’t discussed un-
til a commission was formed
in 1997 to investigate the vio-
lence. For decades, the state’s
public schools called it the
Tulsa race riot, when it was
discussed at all. Students now
are urged to consider the dif-
ferences between calling it a
“massacre” or a “riot.”
How an event is presented
can make a difference, Wag-
ner-Pacifici said. That could
include whether it’s connected
to other historical moments
and what parts are emphasized
or downplayed.
ing is never just actually about
remembering, Wagner-Paci-
fici said.
“It’s always motivated,” she
said. “Who remembers what
about the past, who allows a
past to be remembered, to be
brought back to life and and in
what ways ... it’s absolutely fun-
damental to who you decide
you want to be in the present.”
“All sorts of political forces
and actors will kind of move
in, to try to name it and claim
it, in order either to tamp it
down in its impact or to elabo-
rate it in its impact,” she said.
She pointed to a current
event: the deadly Jan. 6 insur-
rection by a predominantly
white mob at the U.S. Capitol.
Some Republicans have at-
tempted to minimize or even
deny the violence, and on Fri-
day GOP senators blocked the
creation of a bipartisan panel
to investigate the attack.
announced plans to abandon nu-
clear power over the next 11 years,
outlining an ambitious strategy
in the wake of Japan’s Fukushima
disaster to replace atomic power
with renewable energy sources.
Five years ago: President Barack
Obama challenged Americans on
Memorial Day to fill the silence
from those who died serving their
country with love and support for
families of the fallen, “not just with
words but with our actions.”
One year ago: Tense protests
over the death of George Floyd
and other police killings of Black
people grew across the country;
racially diverse crowds held most-
ly peaceful demonstrations in
dozens of cities, though many lat-
er descended into violence, with
police cars set ablaze. The Nation-
al Guard was deployed outside
the White House, where crowds
taunted law enforcement officers,
who fired pepper spray. A fourth
day of violence in Los Angeles
prompted the mayor to impose
a citywide curfew and call in the
National Guard. Street protests in
New York City over police killings
spiraled into the city’s worst day of
unrest in decades, as fires burned,
windows were smashed and con-
frontations between demonstra-
tors and officers flared. A rocket
ship built by Elon Musk’s SpaceX
took off from Florida’s Cape Ca-
naveral to carry two Americans to
the International Space Station; it
ushered in a new era of commer-
cial space travel.
Today’s Birthdays: Actor Ruta
Lee is 86. Actor Keir Dullea is 85.
Rock musician Lenny Davidson
(The Dave Clark Five) is 77. Ac-
tor Stephen Tobolowsky is 70.
Actor Colm Meaney is 68. Actor
Ted McGinley is 63 Actor Ralph
Carter is 60. Actor Tonya Pinkins
is 59. Country singer Wynonna
Judd is 57. Rock musician Tom
Morello (Audioslave; Rage Against
The Machine) is 57. Actor Mark
Sheppard is 57. Movie director
Antoine Fuqua is 56. Actor John
Ross Bowie is 50. Rock musician
Patrick Dahlheimer (Live) is 50.
Actor Idina Menzel is 50. Rapper
Cee Lo Green is 46. Rapper Remy
Ma is 41. Actor Blake Bashoff is
40. Christian rock musician James
Smith (Underoath) is 39. Actor
Javicia Leslie is 34. Actor Jake
Short is 24. Actor Sean Giambrone
is 22. Actor Jared Gilmore is 21.
— Associated Press
If your hearing aids
can’t keep up with
your lifestyle,
‘Race clash’ in 1921
In Tulsa, word of unrest that
started on May 31, 1921, and
ran through the night and the
next day made it to news out-
lets.
Front-page stories and ac-
counts from The Associated
Press spoke of a “race clash”
and “armed conflict.” But the
aftermath — of a community
shattered — was relegated to
inside pages at best before be-
ing swept under the rug.
In one example, a story
weeks later well inside the
pages of The New York Times
reported in passing that a
grand jury in Oklahoma had
determined the catastro-
phe was due to the actions of
armed Black people and the
white people who got involved
were not at fault.
It just shows that remember-
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