o
'It is later than you think'
saMiagia Revolution '63 (5) vsSsxssrssss
4nc a Me time we thought that
the American people were informed
The Salem Capital Journal has
played a dirty trick on those of us
who think that most Americans are
reasonably well informed about
what is going on in the world around
them.
Through use of an identification
quiz, and a simple one at that, the
Salem newspaper has proven that
there are many citizens who just
aren't with it. Results of the quiz
were a shock to us.
The quiz was simple. It was
easy. It require! only a basic knowl
edge of current events. It worked
like this:
A reporter carried a picture of
President Lyndon Johnson and of
French President Charles de Gaulle.
He asked 25 people, picked at ran
dom, if they could identify the two
men.
This sort of quiz should be a
cinch for the lowest freshman in
high school. It certainly wasn't a
cinch for several adults.
t
Seven of the people contacted
didn't know either man. Eight recog
nized both. Ten others knew John
son but couldn't come up with De
Gaulle's name.
This means that 18 of 25 knew
President Johnson. Only eight of 25
could recognize De Gaulle. Seven
aduts contacted could not recognize
the President of the United States.
Some of the comments:
"That's Johnson. The other is
some foreigner. I'm an American
and I don't take with foreigners."
Another said: "Sure that's
Johnson and Roosevelt."
A man declared: "I've seen both
of them around. He (Johnson) comes
in for a shoeshine now and then."
A woman clerk recognized De
Gaulle as her employer.
Another, on looking at John
son's picture, said, "Yes, I know him.
He's probably boozing it up right
now." She was taken aback on being
informed that it was the President
of the United States.
"Oh," she said.
Several people remembered the
faces but couldn't remember the
names.
Three teenagers were Included.
Two of them knew both men. The
other didn't know De Gaulle.
A Trenton, N. J., newspaper was
the first to pose the question to the
man on the street. According to the
Salem newspaper, the Salem people
did slightly better than those in
Trenton.
One interesting guy caught up
to the Inquiring reporter to ask If
he might bum a quarter for a meal.
He had identified both men. The
Salem paper figures he probably
deserved the money.
Anniversary of the big freeze
Just a year ago a cold wave hit
the citrus groves of Florida with the
lowest temperatures since 1898. The
two-day freeze left the groves a
shambles; only 32 per cent of Flori
da's bearing orange trees escaped
significant damage. Some 14 million
of the state's 36.8 million mature
orange trees were either killed or
so damaged that they were reclas
sified as "non-bearing." The citrus
orop this season is expected to be
the smallest in a dozen or more
years.
In the record crop year of 1961
62, Florida produced 113.4 million
boxes of oranges and 35 million
boxes of grapefruit; production this
season may total no more than 60
million boxes of oranges and 23 mil
lion boxes of grapefruit. The freeze
is estimated to have cost Florida
NATO and trade
Nuclear strategy is bound to
dominate the discussions at the
three-day ministerial meeting of the
North Atlantic Treaty Council which
opens in Paris on Dec. 16. But a
tangential issue is expected to be
almost as important and equally
vexing.. .
U.S. Under Secretary of State
George Ball on Nov. 18 asked a
special Council meeting to adopt a
common policy on trade with Com
munist countries. He was less
against trade itself as against the
granting of long-term credits. These
are considered credits extending
longer than five years.
Chancellor Ludwig Erhard of
West Germany was quoted as say
ing in that morning's Figaro: "I con
sider that wo should not reinforce
the power of the U.S.S.R. by long
term credits, for we would reinforce
not only the consumer goods indus
try, but, indirectly, Soviet arma
ments capability." But skeptics
greeted this with intimations that
the West Germans, who have al
ready increased their trade with the
East considerably by a system of
guaranteed credits, could easily be
growers some $300 million. And an
official of the Florida Citrus Mutual,
a growers association, recently told
the Wall Street Journal that another
freeze this winter would be "com
pletely disastrous" because the
trees are vulnerable from pruning.
Large-scale citrus imports from
foreign countries are not practicable
under present conditions. So con
sumers have had to pay premium
prices for their morning juice. Amer
icans purchased only 50 per cent as
much frozen orange juice concen
trate in September as a year earlier,
and have gotten poorer flavor for
the higher price. Concentrated
orange drink has replaced pure
orange concentrate in many homes.
For those who like their oranges
undiluted, the big freeze of Decem
ber 1963 was a disaster indeed.
tempted by opening markets.
Britain rejected die proposal out
of hand, although that nation pres
ently extends longer credits only for
ships and heavy industrial installa
tions. Canada favors increased trade
with Communists, including China,
but does not extend long-term
credits. This is the current disposi
tion of France. The rest of the
NATO membership was cool to
Ball's proposal. The London Daily
Mall stated the British case on Nov.
20, pointing out that the United
States already was negotiating a
big wheat deal with the U.S.S.R.
and going on:
"The Americans think trade
will stimulate Communism. Britain
disagrees, and our trading experi
ence is longer and wider than theirs.
They believe with us that financing
aid will prevent backward countries
embracing Communism; yet they
cannot see that rising prosperity
may soften the hostilities of Com
munism where it already exists. Or
is it that they will not see it? This
fear or suspicion of Russian trade
haunts them like a bogeyman."
Few people in middle ground in bitter struggle over integration
By Al Kuettner
UPI Staff Writer
Seldom has there been an is
sue with so few people standing
in the middle ground.
Negroes spoke out vigorously
for the "freedom" they con
tended they won 100 years ago
when Abraham Lincoln signed
the Emancipation Proclama
tion. Hundreds of protests were
staged, sometimes against a
backdrop of violence, to rein
force the demand.
Whites in every section of the
nation reacted with mixed
emotions anger, disgust, sym
pathy and, in some cases, open
admiration.
The feelings were strong.
There was no mincing of words
on either side when conversa
tions turned to this social up
heaval of 1963.
United Press International re
porters, in a sampling of opin
ion in every state, talked to
doctors and lawyers, laborers
and housewives, students, pro
fessors and professional men to
find out their thoughts.
Whites were asked if they fa
vored some form of integration
or complete segregation. Did
this include social integration?
Was the Negro moving too fast
in his drive for equality?
Negroes were asked to rate
their gains, list their greatest
need and main hope of accom
plishing it. Was the Negro in a
mood for a mass uprising that
could lead to violence? No,
said 07 Negroes. Yes, said 38
others. Thirty others were un
decided. Far and Wide
The events of 1963 were felt
tAy,atrf.-. ... ts.M.1 j
in places like Boise, Idaho and
Fairbanks, Alaska, as well as
Birmingham, Ala., and Dan
ville, Va.
"I do not favor complete in
tegration if it includes inter
marriage," said optometrist
Sidney Rubenstein of Harris
burg, Pa. "Our society is not
yet ready for this."
A majority of whites (119 of
144 questioned) said they fa
vored some degree of integra
tion ranging from limited to
complete. But 90 of those inter
viewed drew the line at social
integration. Many mentioned
their opposition to intermar
riage. Opposition to any form of in
tegration was greatest in the
Deep South.
"People I know that were
kind of on the fence have
switched over to my side," said
Tommy Hooks III, 49-year-old
Americus, Ga., real estate deal
er and a segregationist.
"The average Negro does not
want to integrate," said an at
tractive restaurant operator in
Montgomery, Ala.
A socially prominent San
Francisco white woman, active
in political and volunteer groups
favored integration but she said
she was "shocked" when a Ne
gro boy called her teen-age
daughter and asked for a date.
She forbade her daughter to ac
cept. Common Topic
Two other women in San
Francisco discussed the inter
marriage aspects that often
crop up in the white interviews
but seldom in the Negro answers.
A Vassar graduate, daughter
of a prominent San Francisco
businessman, said she would
rather "see a white girl have
an affair with a Negro than
marry him."
A blonde bank teller said, "If
he (a Negro) was normally ac
ceptable, I would date him;
and if I was in love, I would
marry him."
A Milwaukee doctor: "I don't
favor complete integration. I
favor integrated theaters and
all the rest but not housing.
The Negro is pushing for de
mands he hasn't earned yet."
Mrs. Neil Howard, a Boise
white housewife: "There are
people right here in this neigh
borhood who don't want their
children to go to school with
colored children. I think it (this
attitude) is terrible."
A number of white souther
ners who favored limited inte
gration said it was inevitable.
A white service station oper
ator in Atlanta pulled a $5 bill
from his pocket during the in
terview. "I can't tell whether it
came from a white man or a
Negro. In business, this money
is just as good, black or white."
Time A Factor
Is the Negro moving too fast?
Seventy-two whites said yes.
Sixty-four said no. Eight were
undecided.
William Miller, a white bar
tender in Minneapolis: "He is
trying to push his way into
everything. He doesn't really
want to come Into a white bar,
but he does it to see if he'll
be served."
"I don't know how fast they
should go," said Mrs. Kathleen
Mvlia'sorllil
TIis Bulletin welromra contrlhutlnnt
to this column from It mtriort. let
ter mtiftt contain tha correct nnnia
and atldrem of Urn ender, which may
be withheld nt the newftpnper'g div
cretlun. letter mny be edited to con
form to the direct I vei of taste and ityle.
Rep. Norblad asserts
quotation mis-stated
To the Editor:
In a recent issue ot your pa
per a "letter to the editor"
written and signed by a James
Crowell of Portland, Oregon,
quoted me from an article car
ried on June 28, 1963 in the
Oregonian with reference to the
civil rights march on Washing
ton as saying I "would resent
It. I think a lot of people who
are more or less neutral on the
issue like I am would resent
it." He then decries the use of
my words "neutral" as well as
the statement which I made.
Mr. Crowell must very well
know that he simply mis-stated
the quotation. What I was talk
ing about in the article Crowell
sets forth was the possibility of
a march of a hundred thousand
on the United States Congress
and the United States Capitol.
I still stand by what I said
that I think the Congress would
have resented it and I think
that I speak for the great ma
jority of them. Apparently the
leaders of the civil rights march
realized this and specifically di
rected the people to completely
stay away from the Congress
and the United States Capitol
and conduct their march in the
area of the Lincoln Memorial
and downtown Washington only.
I expressed no opposition of any
kind to the march that took
place but, for a matter of fact,
publicly commended the march
ers on their fine deportment
and conduct after it was con
cluded. I did not see any of the
civil rights marchers on Capitol
Hill that day, although I was
here during the entire business
day.
With reference to the word
"neutral," Mr. Crowell must
know that I was referring to a
neutral area. Speaking of dis
tricts such as the one which I
represent in Northwest Oregon
and which is similar to many
others throughout the West and
Midwest, we do not have, to my
knowledge, the people who have
the extremely strong and keen
convictions for or against civil
rights as would people, for in
stance, who reside in the Har
lem area of New York City or
a plantation owner in Alabama.
The use of the word "neutral"
from the areas such as myself
and others represent is a very
commonplace one here in Wash
ington. Mr. Crowell does not do
his own cause any good by
such distortions.
Very truly your,
Walter Norblad
Washington, D.C.,
Dec. 6, 1963
Rights of fellow men
memorialized by week
To the Editor:
The International Re
lations League of Bend Senior
High would like to remind Bul
letin readers that this week has,
just as in past years, been
named by the President as
National Human Rights Week.
Tuesday was Human Rights Day
and also Included this week is
Hill of Rights Day, on Saturday
the loth.
As c 1 1 1 1 e n s of the United
States we should realize the
ideal situation we have avail
able and the obligation that is
ours to further human rights
both here and universally. The
original Bill of Rights was in the
form of the first ten amend
ments to our constitution. To
this has been added the 13th,
14th, 15th and 19th amendments,
all of which pertain to the in
herent rights of man. In the
Bill of Rights we have the best
foundation ever provided by
history for furthering human
rights. Therefore it is the res
ponsibility of every one of us
to make an individual effort to
respect the rights of our fellow
man regardless of color or
creed.
Sincerely,
Kip Kemple
International Relations
League, Bend Senior High
Bend, Oregon
Dec. 10, 1963
Mrs. Oswald help
backed by writer
To the Editor:
In regard to Mr. John H.
Hodges' letter printed Decem
ber 5, 1963, I would like to
comment.
I feel as if Mr. Hodges
doesn't understand how our gov
ernment works. Our country
was founded on "all are crea
ted equal." This includes Mrs.
Oswald.
Our hearts should go out to
Mrs. Oswald, as well as Mrs.
Tippit and Mrs. Kennedy.
Mrs. Oswald can not, and
should not be held responsible
for her husband's act. There
fore, she should not be shunned
from our society. Does this
sound too hard for civilized peo
ple to do?
Does fighting hate with hate
create love? Therefore, Mr.
Hodges, it is our duty as Am
ericans, and Christians (for our
country was founded on religi
ous freedom) to help Mrs. Os
wald, as well as the other two
widows.
Sincerely yours,
Mary Stuart
Bend, Oregon,
Dec. 9, 1963
Barbs
The married man has a wife
first in his heart and then in
his wallet.
When two braggarts get to
gether it's an I for an I,
The dentist and doctor are
really the only persons who can
make it pay by looking down in
Die mouth.
It's nice when you can have
all the memories of your past
life without regrets.
Schweiker, a Des Moines
housewife.
Mrs. Diane Greenfield, 37, a
saleswoman, in New Jersey:
". . .He is killing his own cause.
He is pushing too hard, but I
can't blame him."
Negroes north and south gen
erally felt there had been pro
gress in race relations during
the past five years. Seventy
nine of 135 Negroes questioned
said it ranged from improved
to fair. Thirty-eight said it was
good or excellent.
Little Rock mail carrier Les
lie W. Jordan St.: "There has
been progress. What Negroes
want most is education and eco
nomic advancement."
"I hope things don't get out
of hand and we lose all we've
gained," a Negro houswife in
Washington state said.
"I don't see that there's a hell
of a lot different but I guess it's
O.K.," said Malcolm Orville
Johnson, 44-year-old shoe shiner
in Phoenix, Ariz.
Greatest Need
Negroes time and time again
mentioned the need for better
job opportunities. This consid
eration was a 2 to 1 choice in
southern and border states as
the greatest need. In the North,
28 cited employment needs. For
ty other Negores in the North
listed "respect and equality" as
their greatest desire.
"If we get the job opportuni
ties, the dollar will solve many
problems," said Carl H. Rus
sell, a Negro mortician and
member of the city commission
In Winston-Salem, N. C.
"We're going to get the
things we should have had all
along. In another five years,
people will look at this as a
real stupid age. It's like the
Dark Ages it came and It 11
go." The speaker was Clarence
Coleman, a Negro who operates
a janitorial service in Fair
banks, Alaska.
Coleman and other Negroes
weren't certain about the first
means of accomplishing their
goal.
A slight majority, North and
South, called for Negro -white
cooperation on the local level.
The next highest group among
those interviewed favored the
course charted by the late Pres
ident Kennedy, who was named
often as the "best hope" of the
Negro. A third group cited the
continued militancy of the ra
cial organizations.
"Everyone talks about it but
it's the young people and edu
cation that are going to solve
this problem," said Mallory
Carter, 52-year-old Negro who
moved to Portland, Ore., from
Birmingham, Ala.
Is there a solution in sight?
"1 don't think total integra
tion will come about for another
100 years," said Mrs. George
Kanuff, a white medical technic
ian in Pittsburgh. She favors
complete integration and thinks
education is the key to the so
lution. "Parents must teach their
children," said Mrs. Jane Jones
Reed, a 40-year-old Negro
housewife in Portsmouth, N. H.
"So long as there are people
living, there will always be a
racial problem," said Mrs.
Blanche Mochel, 37-year-old
white housewife in Washington
state.
: Washington ; Merry-go - round
People of Manchester, N. H subjected
to steady stream of venom from editor
By Drew Pearson
WASHINGTON - Though the
hate belt of the United Sates is
generally considered to run from
Birmingham, through Searcy,
Ark., and Dallas, Tex., to
Phoenix, Ariz., actually there's
quite an active hate center in
the northeast namely Man
chester, N.H.
The people of Manchester
have never been hate-conscious
until recently. Now they can't
help it. For almost every day,
The Manchester Union Leader,
William Loeb, editor and pub
lisher, pours a steady stream of
venom into its readers.
Here is a cross-section of the
vitriol which the people of New
Hampshire get from the biggest
newspaper in their state:
President Eisenhower: "That
stinking hypocrite". . . "Dopey
Dwight."
The late John F. Kennedy:
"No. 1 liar in the USA". . . .
"When we have Kennedy for
President who needs Khrushchev
for an enemy?". . ."A threat
to American liberty". . . "JFK
is a stinker". , . . "Kennedy is
proud to be a liar."
Nelson Rockefeller: "Ken
nedy's alter ego, errand boy,
and allround flunky."
Sen. Saltonstall, R Mass:
"That famous ass."
Sen. Margaret Chase Smith,
R-Me.: "Moscow Maggie."
Harry S. Truman: "The little
dictator."
Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt: "El
lie and her belly-crawling liberal
friends."
Candlelight Memorials
To counteract the atmosphere
of suspicion and hate which has
set Americans against Ameri
cans and undoubtedly contribut
ed to the death of John F. Ken
nedy, candlelight memorials are
being planned in the leading
cities on December 22, the last
day of mourning.
In Washington, President
Johnson will speak to a candle
light gathering of all religious
faiths at the Lincoln Memorial
in a ceremony to be broadcast
by NBC at sundown. A torch
will be carried from the Ken
nedy grave across the Potomac
in Arlington to light the first
candle at the memorial. The
light will then be passed from
candle to candle through the
crowd.
In New York. Paul Sorevane,
dynamic president of the city
council, will preside over a
similar memorial at the armory
at 34th and Park Ave., sponsor
ed by America's Conscience
Fund, the Protestant Council of
New York, the Archdiocese of
New York, and the New York
Board of Rabbis. The crowd
will gather in Madison Square
a few blocks away and march
with candles to the armory.
In Los Angeles, Gov. Pat
Brown, co-chairman of Amer
ica's Conscience Fund, will hold
another memorial, also on Sun
day, December 22.
The idea being emphasized by
the churchmen and President
Johnson in these last services
for John F. Kennedy is that the
greatest monument the Ameri
can people could erect to their
last President is to dispel the
atmosphere of bitterness which
existed at the time of his death
and learn to "love thy neighbor
as thyself."
GOP Loafs On Rights
Some of the top Republicans
who are supposed to have in
fluence with their party don't
seem to have any influence
when it comes to getting the
civil rights bill pried loose from
the House Rules Committee. Or
if they have influence, they are
not bothering to exert it.
Gov. Nelson Rockefeller of
New York, a civil rights advo
cate and a candidate for Pres
ident, has had no support from
Republican congressmen out
side New York City in getting
signatures to the discharge pet
ition to pry the bill out of the
Rules Committee.
GOP Reps. Seymour Halpern
and John Lindsay, both of New
York City, have defied Dixie
crat Howard Smith, chairman
of the Rules Committee. But
Rep. Paul Fino, another Repub
lican congressman from New
York City, says he hasn't signed
yet, though he intends to.
Of 41 congressmen from New
York, 21 are Republicans, yet
none of the others are lining up
behind Rockefeller, civil rights,
and Abe Lincoln.
In Michigan, where Gov.
George Romney is considered an
important potential candidate
for President, not one Republi
can congressman has signed the
discharge petition. Romney is
for civil rights, but not the GOP
members of Congress.
In Ohio, young Congressman
Bob Taft plans to run for the
Senate, but neither ha nor any
other Republican congressman
has signed the petition to push
the civil rights bill out of the
pigeonhole la the Rules Commit
tee. Nor has any Republican
congressman signed from Illi
nois or Massachusetts, and only
one from Indiana William
Bray.
It looks as if civil rights is
all right to talk about on the
hustings but not to vote on.
Profitable Autograph
Lyndon Johnson soon will be
presented with a new fountain
pen, and it will come from a
Republican.
When his own pen ran dry the
other day, the President borrow
ed one from Rep. Fred Schwen
gel, R-Iowa, to autograph the
attractive "We the People" his
tory of the U.S. Capitol, illustra
ted with photographs by the
National Geographic Society.
"This is one of the best pens
I have ever used," said Johnson.
"Where did you get it?"
"It was made in my district,
at Fort Madiso n," replied
Schwengel. "I'll get one for
you."
After the President autograph
ed another "We the People"
book for House GOP Leader
Charles Halleck of Indiana, he
remarked: "Now that I've done
you a favor, Charlie, get some
of my bills through up there,
will you?"
China
! ACROSS
: J Chinese drink
4 Seaport In
Fukien
province
8 Chinese coin
12 In addition
13 Scoff t
14 Therefore
3 Insert in the
script (slang)
4 Moslem
commander
5 Chinese
dynasty
6 Negro fetish
7 Ocean off
Chinese coast
15 Danish measure 8 Lukewarm
16 Indigo s Operatic solo
17PiUar 10 German river
IS Nona unlm-or 11 Nobleman
20 loth century 19 Army halting
Answer ta Previous Punle
SlLjClKl E H, I ,n iBifelN
CiAiTiH 0:DElMfAf.g,fc M
AUp re "Mtrraslil
EWSl IST E TI IsffigSl
dance
22 Preclude
2i Like (suffix)
25 Parrotj
28 Manuscripts
(ab.)
SI Fragrant gums
places
21 Fairy fort
23 College yeil
26 Kung Futso
27 Seed covering
28 Chinese
communist
The Bulletin
Friday, December 13, 1963
An Independent Newspaper
Robert W. Chandler, Editor
Glenn Cushman, Gen. Manager Jack McDermott, Adv. Manager
Phil F. Brogan, Associate Editor Del Utselmen, Cire. tAintgtr
Loren E. Dyer, Mech. Supt. WNJim A, Yoke Wscwgjsvg, t54o-
Fntered as Secofi.1 Cms Matter. January . :17.
tin. UTiier Aft of Mun-tl J. 179. rub.-
j a or im tMoa wmisan, inc.
?m CUM en
S!wa ftafc
34 Hawaiian Island 29 Pronoun
35 Exclamation
36 Ornamented
38 Condensation
39 Glowing
40 Respiratory
infection
Island
41 Chines
societies
45 Cherished
50 Classify
51 Hall of German
university
62 Danube
tributary
M Tse,
Chinese
philosopher
S3 Chinese
measure
M Unicorn fish
$7 Back UU
f slang)
96 Chiang KM
F9 TMOKiit
"o
30 To foam
31 Bounder
32 Tavern drink
33 Craw
ii-t Margarines
37 Time system
(ab.)
39 Winelike part
40 Candid
42 Legal word
4;) Rice
44 Mining tunnel
45 Consumes
48 Type of tTBTcJ
on snow
47 Color
48 Domestic clave
49 Rangoon .
measure
S3 Marxian
rr-j- is a p 1 1 u i io hi
pj r3 n
i5 re fi
ii is r
2 a
s-
a H -1-L-J
i i p. gffijfn w .a ur
6 io H? w 'APj 55 "" "
zu r rrriz
S fT-""
rf- n f 53
imifc ,filil ia I I 111,1 ' ' ' f
o
oo
0