Hey, Pop, you fh'ink cigarefs are
really dangerous?'
w Revolution '63 (4) KraiBaME
Negroes feel they need better jobs to live better lives
GOP will put plenfy of pressure on
Howell Appling fo stay in politics
Howell Appling hasn't said that
he wouldn't be a candidate to suc
ceed himself in 1964. But he is ex
pected to confirm the story which
The Bulletin carried on page 1 Wed
nesday sometime after the first of
the year.
He will confirm the story and
announce that he will retire from
politics when his term expires in
1964 unless the Republicans can put
up some strong arguments to get
him to change his mind.
Appling has apparently been
weighing the pros and cons of leav
ing politics for some time. Rumbles
have come over the mountain from
time to time. Last summer in Bend,
Appling said that ho really didn't
know what he was going to do.
Rumbles can continue in Salem
for only so long before some report
er gets on the scent. The result is
a story usually predicting with some
accuracy events which will later
transpire.
If Appling leaves politics it will
leave a void in the Republican
party. Most observers of the political
scene had expected Appling to seek
reelection as Secretary of State
next year and then go for the gov
ernorship in 1966 when Gov. Mark
Hatfield ends his second and final
term. Appling, appointed In 1959 by
Gov. Hatfield as an unknown, has
become a strong secretary of state
and is considered by mnny to be the
equal of Hatfield In the eyes of the
Oregon voters.
If Appling were to run for gov
ernor in 196(5 he would probably
be favored against almost any
Democratic candidate on the present
horizon even though the Democrats
have a 50,000 plus voter registration
Nuts to fair play
Last week the Oregon School
Activities Association booted the
MacLarcn School for Boys athletic
teams out of the OSAA and as a
result, out of interscholastic ath
letics. This is another one of the
strange OSAA decisions and the list
of strange decisions ove..' the years
is long Indeed.
There is some background to
this action. For years, MacLaren
tried to gain membership in the
OSAA. Last year the OSAA let down
Its bars and admitted MacLarcn to
membership.
The MacLarcn football team
went through an undefeated season.
There was no criticism of the way
in which MacLaren players conduct
ed themselves. In fact, referees were
warm in their praise of the attitude
of MacLaren teams.
Then MacLaren officials peti
tioned the OSAA for admittance to
a conference. The OSAA made its
decision following a vote of member
schools In the area. The voters ob
viously didn't want their teams com
peting with youngsters from Mac
Laren School.
lead. If he doesn't choose to run, of
course, the Republicans could face
a long dought because after Hat
field and Appling, they have a lot
of guys named "Joe." The same
could be said of the Democrats.
The Democrats would have a
better chance of electing "Joe"
however, simply because of the siz
able lead in voter registration.
Because the Republicans have
nobody else on the scene at present
and because Appling now looks like
a pretty sure thing in 1966, one
could safely predict that leaders in
the Republican camp will do all they
can to persuade him to stay In pol
itics. We hope he stays in politics
because we think he is a fine admin
istrator and a credit to Oregon.
Suppose he steps down. What
then? Well, we would predict that
there would bo an awakening of
activity in both political parties if
there hasn't been already.
The Democrats would awake
quickly because without Appling
around, there would be a pretty
good chance that any one of several
men could get elected. A shin-kicking
contest involving such Demo
cratic luminaries as Bob Thornton,
Clarence Barton, Howard Morgan,
Alfred Corbett and Robert Duncan
would be fairly Interesting to watch.
Or take the Republicans. This
would be a zinger because after
Hatfield and Appling, the second
team gets pretty thin. We wouldn't
even hazard a guess as to who the
GOP candidates might be at this
stage. For this reason, mainly, all
kinds of pressure will be put on Ap
pling to stay in the game.
The result Is that after letting
MacLaren play football for a year,
the OSAA has banned them alto
gether. Last spring when MacLaren
Superintendent Amos Reed learned
that his charges would be allowed
to join the OSAA and piny competi
tive football, he asked for "patience,
understanding and fair play" from
other schools. He obviously didn't
get It.
Students at MacLaren have
every right to feel that such things
as fair play and sportsmanship
aren't really so on the "outside" at
all.
Quotable quotes
This Is the first time that we
were faced with a problem where
there was criminal activity in the
city of Los Angeles that was known
to a law enforcement agency whore
we were not permitted to participate.
Police Chief William II. Parker
criticizing the FBI for not bringing
his department into the search for
kidnaped Franf? Sinatra Jr.
EDITOR'S NOTE: The Ne
gro in America wants many
things but hit list almost al
ways is dominated by the
word jobs. The following dis
patch, fourth of five, is an as
sessment of how far he has
come, where he wants to go
and what his problems are.
By Al Kuettner
UPI Staff Writer
The Negro's pocketbook was
very close to his freedom cry
of 1963.
His reasoning went like this:
Give him a better job and he
would get a better house, have
a better car, be a better citi
zen. Without higher wages, the
Negro said in thousands of
voices across the land, he sim
ply was being prepared to take
a hamburger purse into a plank
steak restaurant.
Despite the advances made
by the American Negro in the
past ten years, he still scram
bles for jobs on the lower rung
of the economic ladder. His
pay is one-half that of white
workers. He finds it difficult to
advance, once he finds employ
ment. And, once on the job, he
is often aggressive and super
sensitive, according to his own
people.
In street demonstrations, con
gressional lobbies and in the
August "March on Washing
ton," the Negro during 1963 de
manded as never before that
the barriers against job oppor
tunities be removed.
Not Informed
"The Negro is out of the
mainstream of job gossip and
this keeps him even from
knowing about jobs the way
white people do," says the Na
tional Urban League in Mon
tana. Mrs. Novella Boyd, a Negro
In High Point, N.C., puts it an
other way: "I pay the same as
you for groceries, but I don't
nuke the same amount of
money."
In a nationwide examination
of the job situation, United
Press International reporters in
SO states spent days interview
ing Negroes, business and in
dustry executives and govern
ment experts.
The concensus was over
whelming that:
Negroes, except for a slim
minority, are not in position to
compete for the bulk of the job
openings today.
Trade schools and union
apprenticeship programs still
are inadequate to provide train
ing for Negroes who have the
incentive to improve their
chances.
Most of the jobs held by
Negroes are menial, lower
class blue collar or in fields in
which they serve the Negro
populace.
The Negro has done best in
federal government civil serv
ice jobs and in plants that hold
federal contracts containing
non-discriminatory hiring pro
visions. National Problem
Job discrimination is more
of a national problem than just
about any phase of the racial
conflict.
"I don't like the way people
react in the South but it's not
as different here as I thought
it would be," said Prince Myles
Jr., a Negro who migrated to
Omaha, Neb., from Mississippi.
"The jobs available to Negroes
are the jobs the whites wouldn't
take."
Warren Cochrane, an Atlanta
Negro who has worked on job
placement for 30 years, speaks
candidly of the problem:
"The Negro does not exist in
this country as an industrial
worker. Negroes cannot com
pete with white job applicants.
We have said to employers,
'you must go the second mile.'
1 Washington ;Merngo-roun
Oppenheimer surprised
by old critic, Dr. Teller
By Drew Pearson
WASHINGTON Dr. J. Rob
ert Oppenheimer, the atomic
scientist, got the surprise of his
life during a recent White House
reception when he saw his old
foe and critic, Dr. Edward Tel
ler, waiting to greet him.
It was Teller who helped drive
Oppenheimer out of the atomic
energy program on the ground
that he was a security risk. He
was the most damaging witness
at the long and dramatic hear
ings conducted under Admiral
Lewis Strauss, then AEC chair
man, regarding the loyalty of
the man who built the first
atomic bomb.
That testimony and the find
ings of the commission began a
long ordeal for Oppenheimer.
He retired to Princeton, remain
ed in obscurity, was considered
by many dishonored and dis
graced. But shortly before President
Kennedy was killed, he moved
to restore Oppcnheimer's good
name. As a senator, Kennedy
had been opposed to the witch
hunt. He felt that the nation
needed a gesture to help end
the decade of hate and suspi
cion. So, as one of his last acts,
he nominated Oppenheimer for
the highest nuclear honor in the
nation, The Enrico Fermi Me
dal. One of President Johnson's
first acts was to present the
award to Oppenheimer.
Scientist friends of Oppen
heimer at the White House re
ception never dreamed Dr. Tel
ler would be present. He was
automatically invited as a pre
vious Fermi Award winner and
stood for a time at the end of
the refreshment table munch
ing hors d'oeuvres. Suddenly,
seeing the news photographers
unllmbering their cameras, he
bolted toward Oppenheimer, el
bowing his way through a knot
of well wishers. Teller grabbed
Oppenheimer's hand just as the
flash bulbs started popping.
The startled Oppenheimer
stared in disbelief as the man
who had helped drive him from
government offered his con
gratulations. Pay Raise For Congress
It's beginning to look as II
Congress' must notable ac
complishment this year may be
to raise the salaries of Its mem
bers from $22,500 to $35,000 per
year.
This would seem a poor time
for them to vote themselves a
pay raise, as they wind up the
lengthiest but least productive
ession In history. Furthermore,
their present pay may seem
ample to most voters. However,
it is less than most Congressmen
could command in law, industry,
or commerce, and their res
ponsibilities are greater than
men who are paid far more.
This column must report. In
all fairness, that Congressmen
have special expenses, must
maintain residences both at
home and in Washington, shut
tling constantly back and forth.
Only three roundtrips a year
are paid for by the taxpayers.
Members of Congress are also
expected to donate generously
to charities, to entertain fre
quently, and face the ever
pressing need of financing the
next campaign.
The truth is that an honest
Congressman has a tough time
meeting his bills on $22,500 a
year. Since most are honest,
they are forced by their low
pay to seek outside revenue
from law firms and business
investments.
Not all are as spartan as Sen.
Paul Douglas, D-lll., who has
set a $2.50 limit on gifts he will
accept or allow his staff to ac
cept. On his few official trips
abroad, he insists on traveling
tourist class. He caused a flap
in the state department, for
instance, by demanding to stay
in a modest hotel in Munich.
The diplomats wanted him to
stay In the best hotel, as be
fitting his standing. But Doug
las got his way.
Few are as frugal as Sen.
Clifford Case, R-N.J., who rides
to work on a bus, eats in the
cut-rate Senate cafeteria, and
scrimps in order to make ends
meet. He is forced to draw on
his savings, accumulated from
his former law practice, in
order to stay in the Senate.
Sen. Spessard Holland, D-Fla.,
was forced to sell his interests
in several citrus groves, as he
needed money to pay his Wash
ington expenses. He sold the
last of them three years ago.
Others resort to moonlighting
(usually lecturing or writing)
in order to keep the wolf away
from the door.
Certainly, members of Con
gress are entitled to a pay raise,
but they should earn it first by
finishing their congressional
chores.
TIME TO CONCENTRATE
LAWRENCE. Kan. (UPI) -The
University of Kansas de
bate team will go to prison
Sunday to debate inmates at
the federal penitentiary at Lea
venworth, Kan.
"The Leavenworth group has
some fine debaters," said Dr.
Wil Linkugel, university debate
coach. "They have plenty of
time for research and no dis
tractions." The debate question will be
whether the federal government
should guarantee all qualified
high school graduates an op
portunity to continue their education.
This is hard because a man in
business must have people who
produce. Negroes do produce
but it takes time and effort to
train them."
Negroes, representing 1 out
of 10 of the 190 million inhabi
tants of the United States, are
far from battering down the
barriers leading to good jobs.
But progress is being made.
At the Willow Run plant of
Ford Motor Company, a Negro
holds a key job at the end of
the assembly line, putting the
engine on the chassis.
Hold Responsible Jobs
The chief U.S. marshal In
Washington, D.C., the detective
chief in Cheyenne, Wyo., the
attorney general of Massachu
setts and a growing number of
federal and state officials and
elective officers are Negroes.
In the Deep South, Negroes
are appearing as clerks, check
ers and office employes of de
partment, grocery and other
business firms. One of the most
popular clerks in the Sears
Roebuck toy department in At
lanta is a Negro.
In Delaware, the Dupont
Company hires Negro girls for
four hours a day, paying full
salaries provided they attend
secretarial school the other
four hours. They get office jobs
at the end of the course.
When Appalachian Power
Company at Roanoke, Va., au
tomated elevators, the Negro
operators were given clerical
jobs.
Passive interest In the Negro
job problem turned into active
work toward aleviating it in
California where many employ
ers now advertise for Negro
workers. Two of the three San
Francisco newspapers have Ne
gro staff members. It is becom
ing a sort of status symbol to
have Negroes in sight in jobs
in California.
From Madison Avenue to Hol
lywood, Negroes are breaking
into slick paper advertisements
and high budget television.
Marion L. Sellers, a spokes
man at Lockheed Aircraft Com
pany in California, said "we
would like to hire more Ne
groes but not enough who are
qualified show up at the em
ployment window. It's disap
pointing." After demonstrations and ne
gotiations, Cambridge, Md.,
agreed to hire a Negro in the
state employment office; Jack
son, Miss., added five Negroes
to the police force; Greensboro,
N.C., added a number of Ne
groes to downtown department
stores; the largest department
store in Dayton, Ohio, agreed
to hire Negroes for Christmas
work and to offer some perma
nent employment, and in Phila
delphia the city decided to let
out no more municipal con
tracts wherein discrimination is
practiced.
So-called "equal opportunity"
firms report that more than
2,000 of the 31,000 job openings
have gone to Negroes in recent
months. But so far it's a drop
in the bucket For the nation,
fewer than 5 out of every 100
persons in the non-white labor
force have professional or tech
nical jobs.
Some of the reasons why pro
vide a look at the major prob
lems for leaders who are at
tempting to get the Negro into
the mainstream of American
life.
Some firms are "afraid to be
the first" to hire Negroes, says
Floyd E. Lubert, personnel di
rector of Western Electric at
Kansas City, Mo., and a mem
ber of the Chamber of Com
merce Equal Employment
Committee.
Marion Woods, Negro consul
tant to the state Department of
Employment in California, con
tends there are more Negro
PHDs than plumbers in that
state.
His statement pointed up an
other big complaint by Ne
groes: That they are blocked
out of anion apprenticeship pro
grams. "You can get a PHD If you
stay in school long enough but
you need to get approval as an
apprentice to be a plumber and
we can't get that," Woods said.
Negroes Losing Out
Some of the best job openings
for Negroes are turning up in
the South, but Negroes by the
hundreds are losing out be
cause of inability to pass intel
ligence and character tests.
Employers report that many
others, once hired, fail to stick
at the job. One employer said
several Negroes quit shortly
after being hired, explaining
they had merely been "testing"
their chances to get into the
firm.
To bridge the gap facing
what an Illinois report terms
"the most disadvantaged work
ers" in America, a number of
plans are in the works.
Whitney Young, president of
the Urban League, wants a do
mestic "Marshall Plan" that
would finance the training of
large numbers of Negroes and
compensate industry for in-job
training during the time they
are less than fully productive.
The league also is opening
clearing houses to find more
jobs for Negroes.
Technical and trade schools
are viewed as another major
step. So are bi-racial commit
tees, but they need to be
groups with more than advisory
status.
"Many communities have
made them ineffectual by giv
ing them no power and in some
instances not even the power of
suggestion," said a white ad
vertising executive in Ashe
ville, N.C.
I
Capital Report
i j
LBJ has won
but he hasn
By A. Robert Smith
Bulletin Correspondent
WASHINGTON If there Is
a honeymoon spirit on Capitol
Hill toward President Lyndon
B. Johnson, most of the Oregon
congressional delegation is be
having like a polite but deter
mined maiden lady.
The tall Texan in the White
House has won their praise with
his words but hasn't had much
luck in getting them to consent
to what they don't wish to do.
In the House last week, three
out of four of the Oregon con
gressmen opposed the first ma
jor bill to come up in that
chamber with Johnson's en
dorsement. It provided for a
subsidy for cotton textile mills.
In the Senate the previous
week, the White House not only
failed to line up Sen. Wayne
Morse on the first bill but re
ceived a Morsian scolding for
its pains. That bill was designed
to facilitate sale of wheat to
Russia.
The cotton bill had been held
back in the House for weeks by
Democratic leaders who feared
it would be defeated. They mov
ed quickly after Johnson took
office, possibly to take advan
tage of the honeymoon spirit,
and put it through by a comfor
table margin, 216 to 182.
Rep. Robert B. Duncan, Med
ford Democrat, was a vocal
dissenter and the one the
administration worked hardest
to pull into line because Duncan
is on the Agriculture Committee
which handled the bill.
Duncan claims he didn't get
"the trei tment," as Johnson's
special brand of persuasion is
called, but Agriculture Secre
tary Orville Freeman was dis
patched to Capitol Hill to try
to talk Duncan into supporting
the controversial measure.
"It was a lousy bill," snorted
Duncan later. "I call it the
Jesse James bill because it will
hold us up for more money."
Rep. Edith Green, Portland
Democrat who voted against
farm subsidy bills advanced by
the Kennedy administration,
agreed with Duncan. She and
Rep. Walter Norblad, Stayton
Republican, both voted against
the cotton bill.
Its only supporter from Ore
gon was Rep. Al Ullman, Baker
Democrat.
The cotton bill carries a sub
sidy estimated to cost $250
million a year. It provides
that cotton brokers be paid 84
cents per pound for cotton they
praise of Oregon lawmakers,
't always gotten their votes
sell to domestic textile mills.
They are already paid this sub
sidy for cotton sold to foreign
buyers. Purpose is to permit
brokers to sell cotton to mills
at the 24 cent world price rather
than the 32 V4 cent level which
cotton producers are guaranteed
under the government's cotton
price support program.
"I do not come from a cotton
producing area," Duncan told
the House. "But In my district
we have lots of people who
wear shirts and who pay taxes."
Duncan said he thought that
a more satisfactory approach
would be the Talmadge bill. It
would pay farmers directly the
difference between what is con
sidered a fair market price and
what they can get for it on the
open market. It would also im
pose production quotas in bales
on the farmer rather than try
to limit production through acre
age allotments.
Under the present system of
acreage allotments, cotton pro
duction is Intensified on each
acre, resulting in a cotton sur
plus today of 12 to 13 million
bales, he argued. Duncan failed
CALL OFF STRIKE
DUBLIN (UPI) - Four wom
en called off their 48-hour hun
ger strike Wednesday night
when one of them collapsed
from exhaustion. They were
protesting alleged failure of the
city to provide them with living
quarters after their homes were
condemned as unsafe.
The women had barricaded
themselves In an army barracks.
In an effort U get the Talmadge
bill approved in place of the
administration's bill.
Duncan said cotton producers .
are opposed to the Talmadge
bill because It would involve
direct payments to them from '
the government.
"They like to preserve the
Illusion of independence," ob
served Duncan, but it is an
illusion because they are de
pendent on the government."
The Talmadge bill reminds
farmers of the old Brannon plan,
and neither they nor the Ken
nedy - Johnson administration
wanted to head into an election
year tryl. g to defend that innovation.
Barbs
The latest shock from a dry
cell is the report that a boot
" legger was running his business
from prison.
If money could really talk it
couldn't afford to say much
these days.
With little kids running around
the best thing to try on your
piano now and then is furniture (
polish.
Noted Names
It's not too bad if bad fortune
follows you all of your days,
but never catches up with you.
Answer to Previous Puzzle
The Bulletin
Thursday, December 12, 1963
An Independent Newspaper
Robert W. Chandler, Editor
Glenn Cushman, Gen. Manager Jack McDermott, Adv. Manatee
Phil F. Brogan, Associate Editor Del Umlmin, Cire. Manager
Loren E. Dyer, Mech. Supt. William A. Yates, MiMginy tftiL
Entered ! Secwd Cum Mailer. Ja-vurr . 1S!T. at V Pint OPe pnd. C-
suit -sau ctfuus
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ACROSS
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6 Mia O'Brien
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Casey
tli Penis
13 Be borne
14 American
numorut
15 Muses upon
17 Stitch
18 Girl s name
19 Ragi
21 Identical
23 "My Gal"
24 Compile a total
27 Female equine
29 Berle'i
nickname
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134 Fifth, lor
instance
;S6 Nearly
37 stair parts
-M TV actress,
Jacqueline
,S9 Hardens
41 Brother of
usins
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44 Opposed lo that
144 Electrode's
negative pole
49 Garden spots
In deserts
53 Mohammed's
son-in-law
54 Ancestral
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!66 Membranous
pouch
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Ml'nitsof energy
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DOWX
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Judge
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9 Goal markings
In sports
10 European
stream
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24 Nomad
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26 Servants
26 Planet
30 Entice
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(poet.) appellation
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spiritless ' 2 Soap-making
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