o
o
To arms Me sack coos are
is
1 1 jj i
77?e normal course of a 'murder trial
is completely reversed in this one
A few months ago a Negro named
Medgar Evers, field secretary in
Mississippi for the National Associa
tion for the Advancement of Col
ored People, was shot and killed in
front of his home. He was slain with
a high-powered rifle, which police
found a few hours later in some
bushes near the scene. Ballistics
tests apparently proved the rifle the
source of the fatal bullet. On the
rifle was a fingerprint, which was
sent to the FBI.
The fingerprint was traced, to
the satisfaction of a Jackson grand
jury, to a man named Beckwith,
who was indicted and arrested. He
retained, an attorney. Then started
an unusual chain of events, one
which completely reversed the norm
al pre-trial procedure in a case of
this type.
Quite often, in murder cases,
attorneys for the defense request
psychiatric examination for their
client. If a plea of not guilty by
reason of insanity is not possible in
the state, the mental condition of
the defendant is referred to as often
as possible during the course of a
trial. Often it is nearly the whole
content of the closing arguments of
the defense.
The prosecution, on the other
hand, usually tries to counteract
psychiatric testimony. Its job, fre
quently, is to make the defendant
out to be a perfectly sane man, who
planned and carried out the murder
in cold blood.
But not this time.
Immediately following Beck
with's arrest the prosecuting attor
ney, not the counsel for the defense,
asked a judge to commit Beckwith
to a state mental hospital for exam
ination and possible treatment. This
was done. After a few weeks, Beck-
Unfortunate
Members of the Oregon State
Bar have turned down the proposal
to establish a fund to reimburse any
client suffering loss through illegal
means used by an Oregon lawyer.
The vote was 658 for the proposal
and 1,079 against. 109 Oregon law
yers declared they had insufficient
information on the matter to enable
Boardman in good hands
It's pretty easy to question the
decision of the Legislature to put
the Boardman project into the hands
of the state's department of Vet
erans Affairs. It may even be easy
to question some aspects of the en
tire Boardman deal. It's hard to
agree with the assessment of the
Boardman operation held by Howard
Morgan, part-time Deschutes county
resident. Mogan is equipped with
the 20-20 vision of hindsight, and
his visual acuity is heightened by
his desire to become governor of
Oregon.
The Legislature lias dropped
coming'
with's attorney, not the prosecutor,
asked a court to release Beckwith,
so he might stand trial. The prose
cution opposed the move, and car
ried the unfavorable decision of a
lower court to the Mississippi Su
preme Court Just last week the
state's high court upheld the de
fense, and ordered Beckwith released
to stand trial.
What's the reason for the
switch? Why is the defense so de
termined to bring its man to trial,
when It is faced with what appears
to be a pretty strong circumstantial
case against him? Why is the pros
ecution so intent on keeping him
cooped up in a mental hospital,
rather than taking a chance on
sending him to prison and possible
execution?
The whole answer lies in the
state's present racial problem, Mis
sissippi has never, in 100 years, sen
tenced a white man to death for the
murder of a Negro, no matter what
the circumstances. It has legally
executed many Negroes for crimes
against whites, crimes generally
considered in other states to be less
heinous than murder. That is Point
One.
Point Two is similar. Few Ne
groes ever serve on juries in Mis
sissippi. It is quite probable that if
Negroes are put on the Beckwith
jury they will be few in number.
The most they could do, if they be
lieve Beckwith guilty, is cause a
hung jury.
The prosecution, apparently,
fears it cannot get a conviction. And
underlying this is the fear that an
acquittal will result in considerable
racial unrest in Mississippi. And a
number of white Mississlppians
would like to see Beckwith convict
ed for just that reason.
them to make up their minds.
This is unfortunate. Such funds
have been established in some other
countries, and are being set up fairly
rapidly In many other states. It is
too bad Oregon lawyers seem almost
certain to be at the tag end of the
state legal groups which adopt cliciit "
indemnification funds.
Boardman into the Veterans Affairs
office only because the department
has money. Some members may
have voted in part for the shift as
a slap at Governor Hatfield, who has
taken more lumps than he deserves
In recent weeks. But the main
reason for the vote was the financial
situation of the department.
No matter what the reason,
Boardman is in good hands. Hub
Saalfeld, director of the department,
Is one ef the state's two 'or three
top professional administrators. He
is capable of doing a good job on
any duty assigned to him.
Soviet Russia
continues its
African effort
By Phil Newsom
UPI Staff Writer
Atlhough not one of Black Af
rica's 25 newly independent na
tions has gone Communist, So
viet Russia never stops trying.
These efforts are both open
and subversive and recent days
have provided two more exam
ples. In Leopoldville, The Con
go, Congolese police roughed up
and held two Soviet diplomats
accused of carrying compromis
ing documents. The Russians
have been suspected of backing
a Congolese government-in-exile.
Moving openly in Somalia,
the Russians closed a deal to
help equip a Somalian army of
20.000 which, according to West
em experts, is far larger than
the country needs and which,
it is feared, is intended for use
against Somalia's neighbors,
either Ethiopia or Kenya.
Washington estimates of So
viet arms exports since the first
deal with Egypt in 1955 place the
total at around $3 billion.
Indonesia Best Customer
Probably the best customer
has been Indonesia, which has
received about a third of the
total. Also high on the list is
Cuba.
Since these weapons were in
tended either for use against
governments friendly to the
West or at least to stir up trou
ble for the West, a summary
put together, by analysts of Ra
dio Free Europe is interesting.
Some idea of the scale of So
viet arms shipments to Egypt
may be had from the fact that
in the Sinai clash with Israel,
the Israelis captured more than
300 Soviet - built T-34 tanks,
about 600 guns and about 4,000
Soviet-made jeeps or tanks.
Moscow also has delivered to
the U.A.R. submarines, destroy
ers and torpedo boats.
In black Africa, Guinea
bought some 8,000 rifles and
some armored vehicles from
the Soviet Union and then pro
ceeded to kick out the Soviet
ambassador.
A Costly Mistake
Iraq also so far has been a
costly Soviet mistake. The
country has modern T-54 Rus
sian tanks, Mig-21 jet fighters
and Soviet transports. Yet Iraq
oil continues to flow to the
West, Kuwait is still "unliber
ated" and the most use the
weapons have has been against
the Kurds who receive at least
the tacit support of the Soviet
Union.
Afghanistan obtained both
Migs and small arms from the
Russians as a threat against
pro-Western Pakistan. But when
Pakistan began flirting with
Red China, the Russians decid
ed to compete with Peking for
Pakistan favors.
The Indonesian armed forces,
despite huge supplies from the
Soviet Union, remain under
what is basically an anti-Communist
leadership. The Indone
sian Communist party is siding
with Peking against Moscow.
Cuba represented one of the
Soviet Union's greatest post-war
success stories. Yet Cuba is re
ported shopping around in West
ern Europe in an attempt to
reduce its dependence upon
Russia and Castro has sided
with Red China in refusing to
sign the partial nuclear test
ban.
The Radio Free Europe anal
ysis concludes: "If the Soviet
arms export drive was aimed
at acquiring political leverage
in the underdeveloped countries,
it has on balance been a costly
failure."
Mv Nickel V
k Wbrth
i ; .
"When men differ In opinion,
both sides ought equally to have
the advantage of being heard
by the public." Benjamin
Franklin.
'Early Christmas'
brings new rebuke
To the Editor:
We wish to join Mrs. Gerda
Links and Mrs. June Dealy in
their rebuke against the placing
of Christmas decorations so
prematurely.
Of course the lame excuse ot
not having help later on Is sup
posed to rectify this deplorable
situation.
Upon entering a department
store looking for traditional
Thanksgiving decor, we search
ed through four aisles of Christ
mas decorations (and I
do mean searched!. We finally
found six packages of Thanks
giving napkins and one dilapi
dated paper turkey thrown
askew in a comer.
And so, the only word fitting
the situation arises commer
cialism. It is our belief the Pilgrims
Upheld Thanksgiving Pay to
give "thanks." and celebrated
Christmas December 2oth.
Sincerely,
Mrs. Marie I.ewerenz
Mis. Lola Pausch
Bend. Oregon.
Niv; 21, 13
Kennedy's college construction bill
labeled mostly handouts by Norblad
By Yvonne Franklin '
Bulletin Correspondent
WASHINGTON - Rep. Walt
er Norblad blasted the Kennedy
Administration's college con
struction bill this week as most
ly "just plain hand-outs."
"This bill provides for the
bulk (of the money) to be sim
ply gifts to the schools and for
this reason I voted against it,"
he said. "The figure is around
$250 million in grants, and next
year it will be about $300 mil
lion per year.
"The amount in loans is $120
million with reasonable inter
est. I don't see that it is our
function to dish out $300 million
a year. Loans I don't object
to."
Norblad was asked what he
thought about funds in the high
er education bill which had
been written in especially to aid
construction for a proposed
graduate research center in the
Portland area.
"I don't know a thing about
it," Norblad said, "I presume
it would be a good thing, but
all I know is what a recent edi
torial said about it. I haven't
heard from anybody in my dis
trict about it."
The three year, $1.2 billion
aid to college construction bill
has passed both Houses of Con
gress, survived a Senate-House
conference which ironed out
major differences, and the final
Lady senator
would be asset
to GOP ticket
By Lyle C. Wilson
UPI Staff Writer
The Republican Parly has
grown shabby in defeat. It is
short on self-confidence and in
the confidence it inspires
among others. Under these
gloomy conditions it is an as
tonishment to all right-minded
persons that the GOP fails to
kidnap or elope with the lovely
Sen. Margaret Chase Smith, R
Maine. The lady is willing. She is
muttering about entering the
Republican presidential pri
mary next March in New
Hampshire. Then why do not
Sen. Barry Goldwater, Gov.
Nelson A. Rockefeller, Richard
M. Nixon and others among
the Republican leadership
sound off as a cheering section
for Mrs. Smith?
Why? I'll tell you why. It is
because Republican leaders are
a kind of stick-in-the-mud out
fit. They think but they don't
think very big. They are unable
to think big enough to think of
a woman on a presidential
ticket.
Glamorize Ticket
They will not think of Mrs.
Smith on their 1964 ticket as
the vice presidential nominee
until after the November elec
tion and the Republicans have
been licked again and look even
more shabby than usual. Only
then will the Republican lead
ers wonder out loud to them
selves what they might have
done to pretty up their 1964
ticket so that the voters would
like it.
"Maybe we shoulda put Mar
garet on there for veep," some
one will mutter.
"Yeah," another will agree.
Maybe?
For gosh sakes. Republicans,
if you put that pretty Margaret
Smith on the ticket next year
and the Democrats don't kick
Lyndon Johnson off to name a
woman, also, the Kennedys will
be licked for sure. It docs not
take very big thinking to think
that a competent, smart it
helps if she is pretty, too
woman on a presidential ticket
would almost assure that ticket's
election.
Equal Rights
The handwriting is not on the
wall, it has been in the Consti
tution oi the United States since
Aug. 26, 1920. On that day more
than 40 years ago, became ef
fective the 19th amendment
providing votes for women.
There was a lot of whooping-it-up
in 1960 about a Catholic in
the White House and the sin of
bigotry. Friends, If it is bigotry
to oppose a presidential candi
date because of religion, what
is it to oppose a presidential
candidate because she is a
woman? Whatever it is, it isn't
right. Stupid, maybe.
The Bulletin
Friday, November 22, 1963
An Independent Newspaper
Robert W. Chandler, Editor
Glenn Cuihmen, Gen. Maneger Jack McDermott, Adv. Manager
Phil F. Bregan, Associate Editor Del Utselman, Cire. Maneger
Loren E. Dyer, Meeh. Supt. William A. Yates, Managing Id.
rvi urrttr Act ol Varvh 3. 1T9.
fci'.la?i by The Bend Bulletin. Inc.
Capital Report
bill was passed in the House
two weeks' ago.
The bill has not come up for
a final vote on the conference
report in the Senate because
Sen. Wayne Morse will not al
low the bill to be voted on until
House conferees come to terms
on the Vocational Education
bill, Senate Majority Leader
Mike Mansfield said this week.
Rep. Adam Clayton Powell
(D-NY) told a reporter that
Morse had informed the House
conferees that he (Morse) will
not hold another conference on
the Vocational Education bill
until after Thanksgiving be
cause "he can't get his mem
bers together."
Powell said it looked as if
this year was becoming a dupli
cation of last year when the
higher education bill died at the
end of a bitter congressional
session.
Although some members of
the House committee doubt
whether Morse really wants a
higher education bill, Powell
said "he didn't question Morse's
good faith."
Questioned as to what his
views were on the hold-up on
the bill, Rep. Al Quie (R-Minn.)
key Republican conferee said,
"Evidently Morse wants to ex
tract as much from the Admin
istration as he can get as his
price for letting the higher edu
cation bill come to the Senate
Washington Merry-go-rounl ;
Russian editors urge U.S.
to patch up Cuban relations
By Drew Pearson
WASHINGTON During the
height of the Professor Barg
hoorn crisis I had an interest
ing and very frank talk with
five Russian literary men who
had just arrived In Washington.
They included two of the top
editors of the Soviet Nikolai
Polyanov of Izvestia, Nikolai
Inozemtsev of Pravda, Boris
Polevoi, author of war novels,
Prof. Nikolai Mostovets, the
historian, and Lev Bezymensky,
editor of the New Times, who
is the son of the famed poet
Alex Bezymensky.
Since Soviet newspapers are
part of the government, these
men spoke with a certain de
gree of authority. They also
spoke with great frankness, ap
parent friendship and some
times with considerable humor.
Said Author Polevoi regarding
an American newsman who had
heckled him regarding Profes
sor Barghoorn: "He was trying
to make an elephant out of a
fly and then sell ivory."
Our conversation ranged from
Goldwater and Rockefeller to
Fidel Castro: from Berlin to
Red China; but especially how
the United States and Russia
could improve relations.
Asked Polyanov of Izvestia:
"You have what you call your
black horses. One of them is
named Romney. Does he have
a chance to he president?"
"Nichivo," I replied, using
one of the few words in my
Russian vocabulary.
They were greatly interested
in the right - wingism of Gold
water, the Rockefeller divorce
as it affected the woman's vote,
and Kennedy's reelection
chances. Theirs was the natural
curiosity of men who knew
they would have to coexist with
the next President of the United
Slates.
Schedule For Peace
Finally the conversation got
around to peace.
"After the test ban treaty was
signed," said Editor Inozemtsev
of Pravada. "the Russian people
thought we had launched a very
important era of better under
standing. But recently there
have been incidents; so people
are worried. What can be done
to got back to better under
standing permanently?"
"Now you are asking me to
be Secretary of State," I spar
red. "That is exactly right," re
plied the Pravda editor.
I suggested three tilings: ) A
Soviet - American understand
ing regarding Cuba; 2) Placing
observers of one country on the
soil of the other to prevent
surprise attack: 3) The elimina
tion of incidents along the Ber
lin autobahn.
"The American people arc
very sensitive regarding Cuba."
I explained. "It is close to us
and we fought one war over it,
r:- i tii i,i ota
daily e.v-eiti Sunlar
it tm1.
ana cei
"
floor."
Rep. Charles Goodell, (R-NY)
another influential Republican
conferee, said, "Frankly, I
think Morse is using the higher
education bill and vocational
education as pawns in some
power game."
Opponents of a higher educa
tion bill, such as the Council of
State School Officers, whose
Executive Secretary Edgar Ful
ler last year took credit for de
feating the bill, along with Pro
testants and Other Americans
United for Separation of Church
and State, reportedly want to
delay passage of the higher edu
cation bill until they get the
bills they want, then scuttle it.
These are extension of Im
pacted Aid (funds to locations
"impacted" with children as a
result of federal installations)
and the National Defense Edu
cation Act. These two measures
have not passed the House.
NDEA is still before Rep.
Edith Green's education sub
committee and Impacted Aid is
stalled in the House Rules Com
mittee because of a civil rights
rider.
However, Morse's committee
added the two measures to the
Vocational Education bill. The
House and Seante conferees
must now reach a compromise
on 3 bills before the Senator
will allow the House - passed
higher education bill to reach
the Senate for a vote.
just as you fought a war with
Finland in 1940. Today Cuba
because of the hurricane needs
wheat. We have surplus wheat.
You are getting tired of giving
aid to Cuba. Besides, Castro is
not very grateful. He is flirting
with China. If it were not for
the temperament of Castro we
could probably resume our
friendship with the Cuban people
through hurricane relief."
The editor of Pravda said that
when Castro was in Moscow
last May he had talked with
him and that Castro had made
it clear he must reestablish co
operation with the United States
Mr. Inozemtsev volunteered this
information by way of suggest
ing Castro might be easier to
get along with than I thought.
The conversation regarding
Cuba continued for some time.
Tt was interesting that none of
the Russian visitors considered
it a victory for Moscow to have
established socialism so close to
the United States. One suggest
ed a Kennedy - Khrushchev con
ference to patch up relations
between the United States and
Cuba.
"Your illustration of Finland
is a good one," said novelist
Polevoi. "It is true that we had
a war with Finland. Finland is
near us, just as Cuba is to you.
But we patched things up and
now relations are excellent. We
hope you can do the same.
When I was in Cuba the people
were upset by the constant
raids against their shores.
These raids aren't getting you
anywhere. They are only caus
ing ill will and bitterness."
One of the most important
questions raised by the Russian
visitors was why the United
States had not proceeded with
the nonaggrcssion pact between
the NATO countries and War
saw Pact countries, as proposed
when the test ban treaty was
signed.
Moon Rocket
ACROSS
1 Moon
5 Rocket launch
site
8 Count -
12 Volume
13 Old musical
note
14 Iroquoian
Indian
3 Egg dish
4 Number
5 Ancient
Arabian city
6 Straighten
1 Small fishes
8 Morning
moisture
8 Talker
10 Extends
15 RefutaUve
11 Requires
17 Walk in uratM 16 Heaned no
18 Whole 20 Jacksoniana
19 Solicited
21 prdU
22 Female deer
23 Parsonage
24 Batsman's
associates
(cricket)
25 Alaskan island
27 Future rocket
target
29 Malt beverage
31 Mr. HolU
32 Operated
33 Function
34 Spar
38 Outcry
39 Faucet
40 Dropsy
44 Swamp
48 Past
47 Storehouse
48 Single point
49 Close
51 Russian
cavalrymen
53 Greek earth
codde&s
M Fruit drink
55 Fat
M Individuals
57 AfiirnuUve
58 Italian prince
DOWX
1 Lieu
. O
26 Seamen
2. Cl.-
30 Printer's
measure
SI Gulf state (ab.)
a oroasrnan
Mvctprv finurp
noted in Soviet
space program
By Alvin B. Webb Jr.
UPI Staff Writer
CAPE CANAVERAL' (UPI)- '
Into the mysterious fabric of
the Soviet Union's space pro
gram is woven an elusive fig
ure identified only as the "Chief
Designer."
He is honored as the creator
of the giant Vostok spaceships
that haven taken six Russian
cosmonauts on spectacular voy
ages into orbit.
He constantly crops up as a
voice at the other end of the
line in radio conversations with
the high-flying Soviet spacemen.
He makes pronouncements
about Russian spaca programs
ranging from weather satellites
to plans for building huge plat
forms in orbit around Earth and
for landing cosmonauts on the
moon.
And, if only one-fourth of the
accomplishments the Soviets
give him credit for are true,
the Chief Designer is a scien
tific genius fit to stand beside
Albert Einstein, Robert God
dard, Neils Bohr and Wernher
von Braun in science's hall of
fame.
Who is He?
But just who is the Chief De
signer? No one this side of the Iron
Curtain seems to have any Idea.
And Russia isn't saying yet.
One name, however, is get
ling more and more mention in
speculation as to the identify of
the Chief Designer. He is Val
entin P. Glushko, a member of
the Soviet Academy of Scien
ces. Glushko seems nearly as mys
terious as the man he Is sup
posed to be. He is 58 years old,
has been a full member of the
Academy of Sciences since 1958
and has been a bureau mem
ber of the Soviet Department of
Technical Sciences since 1960.
He is identified variously as a
military technologist and as a
combustion and rocket expert.
In the outpouring of papers,
treatises and studies by Rus
sian scientists, Glushko's name
appears rarely.
In 1926, when only 21 years
old, Glushko wrote an article
for a Leningrad scientific jour
nal in which he speculated on
the use of an earth satellite to
"observe and photograph inac
cessible countries."
"Can . . . Burn Cities"
In the same article, Glushko
mentioned that, with the aid of.
giant mirrors on such a satel
lite, "one can detonate muni
tions factories, provoke whirl
winds and storms, annihilate
marching troops, burn cities
and, in general, wreak colossal
devastation."
Yuri A. Gagarin, Russia's
first orbiting astronaut, de
scribed his initial meeting with
the Chief Designer:
"We saw a broad-shouldered,
merry, witty man, a real Rus
sian . . . and he treated us as
equals, as his chief assistants."
Barbs
It's easy to borrow money
from a bank if you can show
enough evidence that you really
don't need it.
Bus fares went up in an east
ern town. Another jolt for
standing army.
IA7A
What the baby elephant said
to its mother's mother: "My,
what big ears you have, grand
ma!" A doctor says sandals and
moccasins can causa flat feet.
Put 'em on, teenager, and set
tle down.
Answer to Previous Puzzle
NE
35 Farthest -moon 42 Poem
shoot
S7 Type (i
calculator
43 Bebrev 'V
45 Adveotani ' e
0 Possesses) , '
62 Enzyme ti ' '
(tninO -
38 Moon
39 Dance
41 bpoil
kTLNHj c,OjAL.l Ir ArJUi S
pig e Ijj MgSjs gjSfff1 '
MM. Miiisii sjdEItSiu g : 1
aid i tMsIp eIniM nTi f ?
imibm i is! i s r"1
R.eiDlg'EISISBMAltrclAll i
AL. E - S HlAlulCtgSlKltefl .
s;a g t otelErTT Bfejtel
einisi Is'eImI i I S Niels B
1 12 13 (4 I s IS 17 la' ho h
il 13 14
3 iT""""
uia a
2" .W i
x1 sio-4i wis rair in
SO 51 bi
53 - g
1 1 I I I I I t
o
o