ivR SJ
Modern-day Tunis stands near
the site of ancient Carthage
The Bulletin, Saturday, July 20, 1963
MR. AND MRS. JAMES L. CROWELL ,
Borate plane
ready as fire
danger rises
'A borate piano was on a stand
by basis at the Redmond Air Cen
ter Friday, for the first time this
season, as the fire hazard in the
Deschutes country became acute.
The danger due to dry forest
debris, temperature and humidity
was increased by a predicted 14
mile an hour wind. Forecasters
also reported a 30 per cent chance
of lightning storms in the area
this afternoon, with the danger to
increase to 40 per cent by Saturday.
Foresters reported two fires, of
the "smoke variety, shortly be
fore noon. One was in Canyon
Creek, In the Mctolius District,
and the other was near North
Twin Lake.
Pilot flies X15
to new altitude
record Friday
; EDWARDS AFB. Calif. UPI
X1S veteran Joe Walker, 41, the
world's fastest flying airplane
pilot, Friday Uiundcred the rockot
! ship to a new world aircraft alti
tude record of about 67 miles.
A spaco agency spokesman told
Walker, "You shot way over your
mark."
The climb into the high reaches
' of space by America's top civilian
test pilot surpassed the previous
mark of 59.8 miles high set in the
X15 last year by Air Force Maj.
"Bob White.
But it did not make Walker a
Ringed astronaut.
' Although his record smashing
, flight was his third above tho 50-
mile distanco where astronaut
'wings are won, he is not eligible
for the honor because of being a
"civilian flier.
Only military pilots can become
U astronauts.
' White, now is flying fighter
'planes, was the nation's first
winged astronaut. The only other
1 one is Air Force Mnj. Bub Rush
worth, who recently flew the X15
to a height of nearly 55 miles,
i Space scientists said today's
skyrocketing ascent was to prc
, pare Walker for another record
1 altitude run within the next three
! weeks.
' Preliminary figures released by
'the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration indicated
Walker reached an altitudo of
alut 315.000 fuct, compared with
the former record of 314,750 feet,
and a speed of 3,700 miles an
hour more than five times the
speed of sound.
He soared high enough to view
the entire western United States
and the fringes of Canada and
Mexico.
Walker, father of four who has
been a test pilot for 18 years, also
holds the world airplane speed re
cord of 4,104 m.p.h., which he set
In the X15 last year.
His flight today, which covered
a distance of .115 miles in a mere
10 minutes, also was the longest
jet in 90 tests of the X15.
School owner
pleads innocent
PORTLAND (DPI) William
Gressinger, who operates a school
of human relations here, pleaded
innocent in Circuit Court Friday
to charges of conducting a school
without a license.
Gressinger Is accused of oper
ating the school which conducted
sales promotion and personality
development courses, after its li
cense was revoked by Hie Oregon
Department of Education. I
James Crowd
wife, visiting
Mr. and Mrs. James Leroy
Crowd!, married recently in Sa
lem, have been visiting in Bend
this week. They will return Sun
day to Portland, whore Crowell is
a copy editor on The Oregonian
Staff. He is the son of Mrs. Roy
Crowell, 1004 Federal Street
Tho bride, the former Judith
Marie Baker, is the daughter of
Mr. and Mrs. Floyd Baker, Sa
lem. The wedding was June 15 at
tho Westminster United Presby
terian Church in Salem.
The Rev. John O. Najarlan of
ficiated, assisted by the Rev. Al
bert J. Wilson of Bremerton,
Wash.
Miss Ann Mackey, Bend, was
ono of the bride's three attend
ants. Richard Cannon, formerly of
Bend and now of Portland, was
one of the ushers.
At the reception in the church
parlors, Mrs. Kosslor Cannon,
Bond, was one of the pourers.
Prisoner pleads
innocent to
escape charge
WALLA WALLA (UPI) - Rex
Don Stamps, 25, pleaded innocent
in Walla Walla County Superior
Court Friday to charges of escap
ing from the state penitentiary
and committing armed robbery as
he fled from the area.
Stamps, a former Oregon State
University basketball player, and
John Eborlein, 26, Albuquerque,
N. Mex., escaped from the mini
mum security section of the Wash
ington State Prison May 12.
They were accused of entering
the home of Mr. and Mrs. William
Johnson several miles away May
14 and tying up the couple before
leaving with Johnson's wallet and
pickup truck. The truck later was
found In Spokane, Wash., where
a holdup was committed by men
matching their description early
May 15.
Tho two were captured in Kan
sas City, Mo., June 5 after police
fired several shots, wounding
F.bcrlcin. Ebcrlcin remained in
Kansas City to face an armed
robbery charge.
Both men had been sentenced
to the state penitentiary from
King County on robbery convic
tions. Thoy had been due lor pa
rolo this year.
Stamps alse is an ex Albany
High School basketball star.
District court
levies 2 fines
Two Bend men recently paid
fines in Deschutos County Dis
trict Court.
Max Walter Sanderson was fin
ed $15 for violation of the basic
rule. Keith Burkrum Byers, also
of Bend, was arrested for failure
to transfer title within 10 days.
He was fined J 10.
A Spingfield woman, Ivah Le-
ona Hitch, was arrested tor im
proper passing. She was fined $10.
TRACTORS BREAK DOWN
VIENNA (UPI) More than
1.500 tractors in Communist Bul
garia are out of commission at
the height of the harvesting sea
son because of a scarcity of spare
parts, according to the Bulgarian
nespa)er Rabotnltshosko Delo.
The newspaper, which arrived
here Friday, said a number of fac
tories failed to deliver parts in
time for the harvest and that
even when they did the parts
were of such poor quality that the
tractors broke down again in a
few days.
By Mlchatl Dtur
UPI Staff Wrlftr
TUNIS, Tunisia (UPI) A
city that stood here was once
described as "after Rome, the
busiest and most corrupt center
of the West."
The city was Carthage and It
was a Roman governor, who so
described it almost 1,200 years
ago. Carthage was already 1,600
years old.
Modern buildings rise now from
the Roman baths to look over the
Mediterranean towards Italy.
Freighters and oilers push
through nearby waters, once the
domain of the - Barbary Coast
pirates.
The Phoenicians, sailing west
from what now is Lebanon found
ed Carthage about 800 B.C.
Through the next 2,700 years Ro
mans, Arabs, Turks and French
claimed the area. Spain made a
pass at It In the 16th Century
and the British controlled the
seas around it 300 years later.
The Allies drove the German
army from Tunisia Into the Medi
terranean In World War II.
From this battering of cultures
a predominantly Arab state arose
to independence In 1957. A poor
country by American and Euro
pean standards, Tunisia is neu
tral, pro-West and proud.
Tunisia is an agricultural coun
try. Much of the land, though
fertile, is underdeveloped.
The country covers 48,332 square
miles, a little less than North
Carolina and a little more than
Indiana. It is half-way between
the Straits of Gibraltar and the
Suez Canal and, with Sicily, forms
the barrier between the eastern
and western Medterranean. Tuni
sia's 900 miles of coastline gave
It economic and political import
ance hundreds of years ago.
Tunisia is the smallest of the
north African states in area, sand
wiched between the Mediterran
ean on the north and east, Libya
to the south and Algeria to the
west.
There are 4,255,000 persons liv
ing in Tunisia, about the same
number as in Missouri. About 4
million of these are Tunisian
Moslems. The remainder are Eu
ropeans, mostly French and Ital
ians, Jews and "foreign" Mos
lems.
The native Tunisian is either
Arab or Berber, a fairer people
than the Arabs.
The country became autono
mous March 20, 1956, after re
ceiving increasing self-government
measures from France since
1947, She became a full-fledged
republic one year later undc
President Habib Bourguiba.
Bourguiba was re-elected presi
dent In 1959 for a five-year term.
The president's Neo-Destour or
new constitution party is tne
only ono in the country since the
Communists were banned Jan. 1,
1963.
Internationally, Tunisia belongs
to the growing group of "neutral
ist" or non-aligned nations the
young emerging countries of Af
rica and Asia who put their re
spective developments before
membership In cither of the
world's power blocs.
North Africans, particularly.
with their history of colonial
domination, see identification with
Oregon man
killed in France
ORLEANS, France (UPI) A
former Oregon man has been
killed in an automobile accident
near here and his wife remained
in a coma.
Dead is Major Edgar Darroll
Crawford, 48, an Air Force me
teorologist. His wife, Clco, was re
ported in serious condition.
The couple's four children, Su
san, 15; Danny, 13; Sarah, 11,
and Laurel, 7, were passengers in
tho auto but suffered only bruises.
Major Crawford was the son of
Mr. and Mrs. Louis L. Crawford
of Portland. A graduate of Pacific
University, he taught high school
at Maupin before the war.
Girls to compete
for queen title
Sptclal to Th Bulletin
FORT ROCK Four North
Lake County misses will vie Sun
day for the title of queen of the
second annual Christmas Valley
rodeo to be held Saturday and
Sunday, July 27-28.
Contestants are Marilyn Ward,
Fort Rock, who will be a senior
at Bend High next year; Velma
Roper, Summer Lake, to enter her
junior year at Paisley; Janice
Foster, Summer Lake, to be a
senior at Paisley and her sister,
Terry Ann who will be a fresh
man at Oregon Stale University.
Judging will be at 2 p.m. July
21 at the Christmas Valley
arena, with Red Withers, Pais
ley: Mel Hosebrook, Silver Lake
and R. A. Long of Fort Rock as
judges.
Horsemanship will count 60 per
cent and personality 40 per ct..l.
The young ladles and the judges,
with their wives, will be cnter
taftied at dinner Sunday evening
at Christmas Valley Lodge where
the queen will be announced. The
other three contestants will serve
as princesses.
the Communists or the West as
submitting to "neo-colonialism."
Tunisia is a "young" country.
More than half its population is
under 19 years of age.
Arabic is the national and of
ficial language although most
educated Tunisians also speak
French. Schooling Is obligatory
up to the equivalent of the ninth
grade.
For higher education, there is
the Moslem University of Zitouna
in Tunis and the Institute of Ad
vanced Studies. These will be in
corporated into a new Tunisian
university within six years.
Students wishing to study
abroad are encouraged by gov
ernment grants. Many of the civil
servants were educated in
France, for instance.
Geographically, Tunisia Is
mountainous, fertile and fairly
well watered. On the coast, the
climate is temperate. Inland, in
the Atlas Mountains, soft Medi
terranean breezes give way to
whipping winds, like Upper Mich
igan on a November day.
The Tunsian Sahara occupies
the whole of the southern divi
sion of Tunisia. But it is not all
desert. Mountains, in the south
east, reach more than 4,000 feet
and vegetation is abundant.
Rainfall averages about 22
inches a year compared to slight
ly more than seven inches In
Arizona and 43 in New York. In
the Tunisian Sahara rainfall is
uneven. Two or three years may
pass with none, then there may
be violent floods and storms.
Besides agriculture, which em
ploys more than 80 per cent of
the work force, Tunisia also has
minerals lead, phosphates and
zinc. Since Independence her light
industry, mostly fertilizers, car
pets and shoes, has increased. So
have her tourists.
But the country is poor. More
than one-third of her population
earns less than $37 annually.
People at this level would be
farm laborers and peasants liv
ing in primitive conditions in the
country on a diet of bread and
dishes made from rice, oats and
barley.
At a higher level there are
people like Amer Ben Khaimas,
a railway office clerk, who earns
about $1,200 a year. He repre
sents the growing lower middle
class as Tunisia becomes industrialized.
Amer, 37, his wife Lallah and
their three children share a three
room apartment with a kitchen
and bathroom overlooking the sea
in Tunis.
The apartment is immaculate,
but lightly furnished like most
homes in hot countries. It has a
small patio where the family oft
en sits after the evening meal.
Amer and Lallah pay six dinars
a month for rent. Most of the
rest of his salary goes for clothes
for himself and food. Ho is also
buying a German-made radio on
time and putting some money
away. A national health program
pays doctor and hospital bills.
As the world shrinks in the air
age, Tunisia is discovering her
potential as a tourist attraction.
Hotels rise above spectacular
stretches of white sand. Their
Moorish arches, patios, fountains
and mosaics blend with the surf,
palm tree and cactus.
Fifty miles southeast of Tunis
is Hammamet, the best-developed
holiday spot in the country.
The ornate houses and swimming
pools of European colonial of
ficials have been replaced by ho
tels and motels against the back
ground of orango and lemon
groves.
Tunisia Is encouraging foreign
firms to build hotels and is al
ready developing tourist regions
itself.
xy - ' 1 Iff . ' '
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. j - g-ffni im ... Hfrffl, hi a 5" mi, litii x" qM., i ilM 1- n Hum
PLOTTING '63 CAMPAIGN United Fund officers and unit Hudson, (center), this year's vice president end campaign
co-chairmen scan campaign figures in preparation for drive chairman, are Wayne Thompson (left) and Glenn Ratcliff, unit
scheduled to open in September. Sitting are R. G. McFarland, co-chairmen. Fund personnel are meeting twice weekly now to
UF president and Mrs. Don Koho, secretary. Flanking W. A. map strategy in reaching prescribed $35,200 goal.
Parents, teachers have headed school integration in South
By Al Kuettner
UPI Staff Writer
As racial segregation barriers
have toppled in school districts
of the South, grassroots citizens'
organizations spearheaded by par
ents and teachers often have
paved the way for a peaceful
transition.
Since the days of the Central
High School desegregation crisis
in Little Rock six years ago, the
local action groups have had
their fling at the civil rights is
sue. Their names have become
staccato symbols of the problem.
SOS. ABLE. OASIS. HOPE.
Those were the trademarks for
Heavy smokers
run cancer risk
PORTLAND (UPD Those who
smoke cigarettes heavily run 50
times the chance of dying from
cancor of the lung as those who
are not heavy smokers, the presi
dent of the American Cancer So
ciety has predicted.
Dr. I. S. Ravdin, a renowned
surgeon, told members of the
Portland City Club Friday that he
defines heavy smoking as con
suming more than half a pack of
cigarettes a day.
Tho doctor, who referred to cig
arettes as "coffin nails," stressed
that no patient has ever been
cured of cancer by a patent medi
cine.
FAILS TO FOIL THEFT
EDMOND, Okla. (UPD Charles
McChan padlocked his 12-foot
boat to a tree with an unbreak
able chain over the weekend.
He returned Friday to find that
thieves had felled the tree and
made off with the boat, chain and
padlock.
UlSLUOnGER s. RmiDLDS
INC.
tyiinemlDirectors
PAUL REYNOLDS DIRECTOR
fa
ll!emk
lHt ORPIR
OFlHt
cotDtn
sin
However You Wish
Any family wishing to do so
may pay for our services over an
extended period of time. This
fact, coupled with the moderate
cost of our service, means that
families from all walks of life
may call us with confidence.
Hill AT IRVING AVENUE
BEND. OREGON
parents who banded together to
insure continuing classes in the
face of hometown integration.
A new group in Birmingham
has joined the others.
Held First Meeting
The organization is known as
PEP for "Public Education Peace
fully." It held its first meeting
Tuesday night in Birmingham,
which has been ordered to sub
mit a school desegregation plan
in August.
J. Vernon Patrick, an attorney
who lives "over the mountain" in
the residential suburb of Vestavia,
presided in a courtroom on the
third floor of the Jefferson Coun
ty Courthouse. With him up front
were six or seven PEP leaders
who had hoped to attract a crowd
sympathetic to keeping schools
open, even if desegregated.
A crowd of approximately 350
packed the courtroom, spilling in
to tile balcony. They carried pla
cards with such remarks as "Bir
mingham Betrayed But Not
Beaten."
Patrick and his PEP group
tried to talk about schools but it
did not go well. Ralph Edwards, a
steel mill worker who identified
himself to the crowd as a "red
neck," told Patrick to "sit down,
you don't even live in Birming
ham." . Patrick Was Ignored
Patrick's group had brought a
projector and a documentary film
about how Dallas, Tex., had
peacefully d e s e gr e g a t e d its
schools. The chairman asked
someone in the back room to
turn out the lights so the film
could get started. He was ignored.
The meeting finally broke up
without any action. Outside seg
regationist pickets paraded around
the courthouse.
Another Alabama grassroots ses
sion went into action with better
success. This was "Alabamians
Behind Local Education" (ABLE)
at Mobile, which also has been
ordered to desegregate schools.
The group was promptly designat
ed as ABLE.
An ABLE announcement said
that "whatever our feeling on
this issue, Mobilians must stand
together again to preserve the
school system for which we have
worked and paid taxes."
A delegation from Atlanta's
"Help Our Public Education"
(HOPE) and an "Organization for
Assisting the Schools in Septem
ber" (OASIS) went to Mobile re
cently to confer and give advice.
Mobile was following much of the
Atlanta plan.
"Save Our Schools"
In New Orleans, a similar group
was called "Save Our Schools"
(S O-Sl. Jacksonville, Fla., picked
the title of "Aid September Stu
dents in Sensible Transition"
(ASSIST). Five such groups were
active in Virginia.
Basically, the activities of cfl
the groups were the same pro
viding speakers for civic and com
munity clubs and PTA meetings
and lobbying before legislatures
and local government bodies. They
have worked to encourage discus
sion of the problem. They have
helped school and police officials
in spotting and ironing out diffi
culties before, during and after
the transition.
Mrs. Dan Burge, of Atlanta, a
HOPE leader who went to Mo
bile, said "We found there a
group that didn't want to over
turn tho community but simply
wanted to prepare for this thing
in a calm and intelligent way.
They didn't want to bypass any
thing except racial misunderstanding."
CONCRETE WORK
Grading, farms, finishing
FREE ESTIMATES
FINANCING AVAILABLE
LYLE GARRISON
382-219?
v.o
Date: July 26, 27 & 28
Place: Drake Park
W Time: Dusk
Event: Bend Water Pageant
PLEASE ATTEND
THE B C CAFE
Corner of 3rd & Franklin
r (
iA . www
;
i f, ft.
:4
I,
, Take A Trip To Mt. Bachelor This Sunday and Ride The
Bachelor Chair Lift
; See Breath-Taking Views of Central Oregon from Mt.
: Bachelor.
Opearting Every Saturday-Sunday
Noon to 5 P.M. -1.00 Per Person
"I