'It's jusf a I if fie workout we have
every couple of years!'
Washington Merry- go - round
vara -rmisg
7es &an negotiator Harriman has had
the most experience with the Russians
I
Teacher actions in Utah, New York
draw attention to new militancy
Those who have kept abreast Utah scales are lower than those of
of the growing militancy of teacher
organizations need not be surprised
at recent actions In Utah and New
York City, But to those only casual
ly interested in the administration
of education, both areas have pro
vided somewhat of a shock.
. Teachers in Utah about 10,
000 of them have threatened to
strike in September unless the state
government provides more funds for
the support of public schools, includ
ing the salaries of those who teach
in those schools. In New York City
teachers threaten a strike unless
their salaries are raised further.
Both 'City and Btate governments
there blame each other for the situa
tion, each claiming the other has
been niggardly with school support.
Utah teachers, after voting the
strike politely called a "teacher
sanction" asked the National Ed
ucation Association to support their
action. The Association's member
ship is made up, about 90 per cent
of it at any rate, of members of the
teaching profession, and national
support was believed to be inev
itable. The NEA refused to go along
with the action, even though the
strong teacher section of the organi
zation voted approval. The NEA did
provide a loan fund of $500,000 to
help make loans to teachers who
were out on strike, if the sanction
actually becomes effective.
Why Utah? Even if you count
out the states of the Deep South,
where teacher salaries are notorious
ly low, Utah teacher salaries are not
low compared with the rest of the
country. They stand, instead, some
where in the middle of the range.
surrounding states, with a couple of
exceptions, but not so much lower as
to be critical.
State support of schools is on
the low side, but that is not the
whole story. The total financial re
source available to schools is not
greatly below the national average,
due in large part to extra payments
by the federal government, which
owns much of the land in Utah and
has large-scale defense activities
throughout much of the state.
School boards around the coun
try, which have equally strong feel
ings on the matter, are completely
opposed to the idea of teacher
strikes. They hold, along with other
public bodies, that persons employed
by those bodies in critical jobs give
up the right to strike when they ac
cept public employment. This applies
to policemen and firemen as much
as it does to teachers.
School boards traditionally do
not "bargain" in the normal sense
with their employes, just as most
other public agencies do not "bar
gain" with employes. At the same
time teacher groups, working either
through associations or trade unions,
usually discuss problems rather fully
with boards and their salary com
mittees. One suspects the Utah strike, if
it does occur, will be considerably
less than 100 per cent effective for
any length of time. The day of the
poverty-stricken teacher is long
gone in most areas, even in Utah.
And the sense of duty to schools and
the children in them is strong
among teachers, even in Utah.
By Drtw Pcarten
WASHINGTON The U. S.
diplomat who sits down with Rus
sian and British delegates to ne
gotiate a test ban agreement has
had more experience with Stalin,
Khrushchev, and the Russian
people than almost any other
American. He also has run the
gamut of many jobs in the USA,
from governor to cabinet mem-
Averell Harriman was born with
a silver spoon in his mouth, and
i erlfir nciiri in snv that otherwise
J he might have had difficulty feed-
i The first part of his life was de-
voted to polo ponies and Long
Island society. The second part to
public service.
He and Nikita Khrushchev are
about as opposite numbers as you
could find any place in the Capitalist-Communist
world. One is
the son of a Ukrainian coal
miner who left school at the age
of ten to help his father in the
mines. The other Is a graduate of
Groton and Yale, and instead of
helping his father in a mine, in
herited from his father a sizable
chunk of the Union Pacific Rail
road, part of the Illinois Central,
and part of the Western Union
Telegraph Company.
But for some strange reason the
two like each other.
Harriman Reverses Himself
Of all the Americans who had
business with the Russians before
the war, Harriman was in Uie
lead and with unfortunate re
sults. One of his companies had
purchased the manganese depos
its of the Caucusus, which the So
viets canceled, with a long wrang
le ensuing and no love lost on
either side.
Harriman also owned 35. per
cent of the Silesian-American Cor
poration in Poland, which con-
Fairness in broadcast editorials
The delicate questions of licens
ing and of free public debate are in
volved in the new and growing con
troversy in Congress on the broad
casting of editorials by television
and radio stations. Until 1949 the
Federal Communications Commis
sion opposed expression of opinion
on the air by its licensees. And even
efter the FCC reversed itself, many
broadcasters regarded themselves
essentially as showmen, with enter
tainment their sole or primary mis
sion. But with FCC encouragement,
broadcast editorializing has flour
ished of late, particularly in radio.
J'he Commission in May reported
that editorials were broadcast by
J 14 AM radio stations. 17 AM-FM
stations, two FM stations, and 15
television stations.
The opposition to editorializing
spilled over in June in House debate
on suspension of Section 315 of the
Communications Act the "equal
time" rule for political broadcasts
for the 1964 campaign. The measure
carried the House by a 263-162 vote
and is expected to have clear sailing
In the Senate. But the extent of the
opposition was surprising, and so
Was the lively debate.
Rpp. John B. Bennett (R-Mich.)
saw the measure as an opening
wedge for complete repeal of Sec.
315 in local as well as national elec
tions. Rep. John Bell Williams (D
Miss.) expressed fear that broad
casters would deny television cover
age to a third party, saying he trust
ed the FCC as "bad" as its ad
ministration of its fairness doctrine
is more than he trusted network
executives. . -
Rep. Water Rogers (D-Texas),
head of the Communications and
Power sub-committee, announced
that he would hold hearings on ed
itorial broadcasting. The hearings
also will cover a bill introduced by
Rep. John Moss (D-Calif.) that
would require broadcasters who sup
port a candidate to give equal time
to other candidates for that office
and to provide them with transcripts
of what was said. Moreover, the bill
provides that no editorializing or re
plies could be broadcast during the
two-day period before an election.
The National Association of
Broadcasters Editorializing Commit
tee on June 20 announced that it
was "unalterably opposed" to any
governmental attempts to limit free
dom of expression on the air.
It is significant that the new
questions about broadcast edito
rializing arose in the House of Rep
resentatives, whose members must
stand for reelection every two years.
Understandably they are worried
about last-minute attacks over the
air.
Just as understandably, respons
ible broadcasters resent the threat
of censorship. Rep. Rogers in an
nouncing the subcommittee hearings
said: "An editorial supporting the
Community Chest is one thing. An
editorial supporting or opposing a
political candidate is quite another.
In still another category are those
editorials expressing positions on
hotly contested political issues.
These hearings may show that in
establishing safeguards against
abuses it would be necessary to dif
ferentiate among the types of editorials."
trolled a large share of t h e
world's zinc and was also seized
by the Russians.
Despite these clashes, Harri
man was sent to Russia as a war
time ambassador and proceeded
to nag and goad Washington into
speeding up the supply line to the
Red army which helped turn the
tide of battle at Stalingrad, and
eventually the war. Regardless of
past differences, Harriman knew
that the key to victory was the
Red army.
After the war, however, Harri
man turned sour. He came back
to the new Truman administration
after the death of FDR to caution
Truman against further coopera
tion. At that time, Truman faced
two schools of advisers one was
led by Harriman, who believed in
the straight-arm for Russia, the
other who believed that the peace
of the world depended on coop-'
eration between the world's two
most powerful nations.
Gradually, Harriman has come
around to the point of view which
he once opposed. He has made
the transition partly because of
changes inside the Soviet, the
more liberal policies of Khrush
chev, and partly because Harri
man himself has changed.
Harriman is a slow starter. He
did not get into public life until
he was well over forty, and then
he was extremely reticent. He
dabbled diffidently in the NRA in
the early days of the New Deal,
became a friend of Harry Hop
kins, accompanied FDR on the
famed mid-Atlan'ic battleship
meeting with Winston Churchill,
later became Ambassador to Eng
land, then to Russia.
A Youthful 71
It was as Secretary of Com
merce under Truman that Harri
man really began to develop. He
showed great courage in combat-
U.S. withdrawing from U.Ns
Afro-Asian popularity contest
By Lyle C. Wilson
UPI Staff Writer
The United States seems to be
withdrawing from the United Na
tions popularity contest for the
smiles and approval of the Afro
Asians. The Afro -Asians almost
have owned the U.S. proxy in
U.N. Assembly votes.
There was that unbelievable
assembly resolution on colonial
ism for which the United
States voted in November 1961.
The resolution demanded inde
pendence across Die board every
where except in the Soviet em
pire of captive nations. The
bclieve-it - or - not aspect of this
resolution was in a paragraph
stating "that inadequacy of polit
ical, economic, social or educa
tional preparedness should never
serve as a pretext for delaying
independence."
The United States voted for the
astonishing proposition. It was
for some time the habit of the
United States to vote against its
NATO ally, Portugal, and in sup
port of Afro-Asian complaints
against Portuguese colonial poli
cy. But in December 1062. the
' United States balked at an Afro-Asian-Soviet
resolution propos
ing punishment of Portugal. The
United States, thus, began to with
draw from a popularity contest
with the Soviet Union for the love
of African and Asian nations, some
of them but lately born and scarce
ly measuring up to status as
states.
Turn On Heat
The Afro-Asian heat was turned
on last month on South Africa at
meeting in Geneva, Switzerland,
of tile U.N.-sponsored Interna
tional Labor Organization. The
Afro-Asians demanded expulsion
of the South African delegation.
U.S. Assistant Secretary of La
bor George L. Weaver headed
the U.S. delegation. He liked the
general idea and announced that
he would urge the U.S. govern
ment to seek the expulsion of
South Africa from the United Na
tions. This pop-off by an official
of the Labor Department did con
siderable violence to established
U. S. policy although no one
seemed to notice.
G. Mennen Williams, U.S. as
sistant secretary of state for Afri
can affairs, reputiated Weaver,
finally, in a statement made at
Mwirovia. Liberia, in which he
said the United States would op
pose exclusion of South Africa
from the United Nations.
Meantime, there was a London
dispatch reporting that U.S. As
sistant Secretary of State Harlan
Cleveland had been talking with
British officials about colonial
ism and the United Nations.
Cleveland and the British agreed
that extremists had taken over the
U.N. Special Committee on Col
onialism and, further, that the
committee's extremist atti
tude was hindering the emanci
pation of colonial peoples.
Would Resist Pressure
More significantly, Cleveland
was said to have told the British
that the United States would re
sist the Afro - Asian pressure
group demand's for exclusion of
Portugal and South Africa from
the United Nations and other in
ternational bodies. Both the Unit
ed States and Great Britain are
members of the Special Commit
tee on Colonialism. Cleveland's
conferences in London may
lead to resignation of both from
committee membership.
The American people have
not bsen paying much attention to
the United Nations as these de
velopments came along. Cleve
land's London talks attracted little
attention. Tho Afro-Asian pres
sure groups and their allies in
the United States will know all
about it when the assembly con
venes next autumn. Look then for
some political efforts in the Unit
ed States to restore the U.S.
proxy to the Afro-Asians.
MHA comments
on racial
controversy
PORTLAND (UPD The Men
tal Health Association of Oregon
has taken a stand on the current
racial controversy, labeling it a
"national disgrace" and denounc
ing the use of force as a means
to solving the problem.
In a resolution the group's board
of directors said it is deeply dis
turbed by recent developments in
the South because they involve, "in
a very real and frightening sense,
the mental health of the individ
ual and the total country."
"The current race situation is
one crisis where every individiud
can help, and must help." the
group's resolution read. "We call
upon all citizens to join in this
effort at this critical time."
The group resolved its belief
that "like every citizen, tlte Ne
gro must not only be allowed, but
helped to fulfill his potential."
BON JOUR PARDNER
LONDON (UPI) Gun-slinging
cowboys spoke French Sunday
night during the British Broad
casting Corporation's (BBC) tele
cast of "Laramie."
BBC officials explained later
the sound from a French televi
sion station intruded into the
broadcast because of freak weath
er conditions.
The Bulletin
Monday, July 15, 1963
An Independent Newspaper
Robert W. Chandler. Editor
Glenn Cuthman, Gen. Manager Jack McDermott, Adv. Manager
Phil F. Brogn, Aisociate Editor Leu W. Meyere, Circ. Manager
Loren E. Dyer, Mech. Sup't. William A. Yates, Managing Ed.
l:ntftr,1 at Sooind Clt VMrr. January i. 1917. at th IVtl Office al orftf-n.
U'Mrr Art of Mann X 1ST. MbllhJ aajljr axctpa Sunday mt4 crum Itoutlaja Or
.lr.J Hullann. Inc.
' iTfc-Vu ' "at - ''ij-X- -"- - :ii ' , , . t.. . . i : " ' ' " " "
ing McCarthyism, and consider
able executive ability. He also
served as ambassador for the
Marshall Plan in Paris, later
came back to run for Governor of
New York.
Close friends sav that Averell's
chief handicap in those years was
his ambition to run for President.
This colored his thinking, some
times made him too cautious. He
worried too much about political
reactions.
But as he approached 65, Aver
ell gave up the idea of running for
President, and since then he has
reached his prime. A slow starter
in age as well as politics, Averell
looks ten years younger than he
is at 71.
In the first days of the New
Frontier, John F. Kennedy didn't
quite know what to do with Har
riman. Here was a very young
President, with an elder states
man who had been Governor of
; New York, a member of the
Cabinet; and held about every job
in the book. Kennedy wanted
younger men, men he knew well.
So he shunted Harriman off with
the difficult job of settling Laos.
Privately, Harriman wasn't
happy. But no one ever knew it,
least of all Kennedy. And as time
passed, the President got to know
him, gained confidence in him.
They may differ, but they have
respect for each other, just as he
and Khrushchev differ but have
respect for each other.
In Moscow, Harriman can look
back on a long vista of years and
experiences that have told him
that now is probably the last
chance we will get to negotiate
a test ban agreement. If this
chance is lost, the poisoning of
the earth's atmosphere will con
tinue, the Red Chinese will get
their own atomic bomb, and
World War II may be inevitable.
". IJ T L',M18OT'WWani
My NickelV
S Worth
Perit Huntington
finds time to read
To the Editor:
During my recent confinement
in the hospital and at the Moun
tain View Nursing Home at Red
mond, I had ample time to catch
up on my reading. I read several
books, a little at a time. The
nurses would not let me read
much at a time on account of my
eyes. But I had to have some
thing worthwhile to think about, so
I was allowed to read during the
long hours I was convalescing. I
read Earnest Shackleton's "The
Long White Road," being an ac
count of his adventures in search
of the South Pole. It was a tale
of pure adventure, of keen in
terest to me because it all hap
pened in my time. I had read
about it in the papers of that day
1917 to 1923.
Another book about the wild
animals of North America which
opens up a lot of new and whole
some reading is based upon a book
by Ernest Thompson Seton who
has become a controversial fig
ure, because people believe he
was too credulous, in that he re
ported things about animals that
many think can not be substan
tiated. I have never read Ernest
Thompson Seton's book therefore
I am anxious to read it because
my great aunts of Norwich, Conn.,
witli whom I lived for 8 years
(1809-1907) used to send us many
worthwhile books, sent Seton's
book to one of my brothers. I
want to get in on the controversy
and see for myself if Seton exag
erated. Perit Huntington
Sisters. Oregon,
July 12, 1963
Industrialization
problems noted
To the Editor:
An item on the front page of
your July 10 issue headed "Boe
ing Representatives Arrive, Take
First Look." Again, the worst
thing about progress is that with
each gain there is some loss. And
when I read such items as that
one or any story connected
with bringing new industry to
Central Oregon I wonder what
losses will accompany what pro
spective gains.
Few could honestly say that
they have no concern with the
problem of providing jobs for the
young people who grow up here;
yet the prospect of industrializ
ing and urbanizing Central Ore
gon seems horrifying. Imagine
Central Oregon industrialized, ur
banized, crowded, and hurried.
Imagine Bend as a pushing, rac
ing, hurrying metropolis belching
its fumes in the evening shadow
of such magnificent wonders as
the Sisters and Broken Top. Ima
gine Central Oregon with double
the unemployment it now has, for
new industry invariably brings
with it far more people seeking
employment than ever exists.
Three years ago, Sam Johnson,
of Redmond, asked the Redmond
Chamber of Commerce if they had
thought much of the consequences
of industrialization. That question
should be repeated and echoed
each rime we hear of an effort to
industrialize Central Oregon.
Sincerely.
Orval J. Hansen
Bend. Oreson,
July 15, 1963
Western diplomats believe
Sino-Soviet split bad for Laos
By Phil Newtom
UPI Staff Writer
Notes from the foreign news
cables:
Shock Wave:
Western diplomats in Vientiane,
administrative capital of Laos,
believe that regardless of the out
come of the Sino-Soviet confronta
tion in Moscow, the first shock
waves will be felt in Laos and
will be unpleasant either way. If
the Chinese win the argument
against co-existence, they will
have full Communist-bloc sanction
to give more aid and direction to
their Vietnamese and Pathet Lao
cohorts in the "war of liberation"
of Laos. If they lose or what
seems more likely, if there is a
stalemate the Chinese will re
turn home angrily determined to
push the Laos war harder.
Hopeful:
British diplomats are cautious
ly optimistic that next week's
talks with the Russians may open
the way to a limited nuclear test
ban. Khrushchev is believed in
need of some success, and a par
tial nuclear test ban appeared
the least costly commitment to
which he could subscribe. A par
tial test ban will require no con
trols on Soviet territory and
therefore should be acceptable to
Moscow which opposes on - site
inspection to police a ban. An ac
cord with the West might help
Khrushchev to divert attention
from the troubles with his Chinese
allies and the threatening break
in the international Communist
camp.
How It Looks To Moscow:
Moscow also sees a reasonable
hope for limited agreement on a
nuclear test ban. On the Sino
Soviet talks, diplomats expect the
exchange of insults to continue
into the week and end in a neutral-sounding
communique pledg
ing new efforts toward a recon
ciliation. However, short of mi
raculous developments, a formal
split in the international Commu
nist movement appears unavoid
able. Trial Balloons:
Recurring rumors of a planned
trip by French President Charles
de Gaulle to the United States in
the fall may be French trial bal
loons to test Washington's reac
tion. Officials insist nothing is
planned yet. But it is recalled
that De Gaulle several weeks ago
JFK heads back
to Washington
HYANNIS PORT, Mass. (UPI)
President Kennedy heads back
to Washington today for a week
which could produce important
developments on the dissimilar
issues of a nuclear test ban
treaty and a railroad labor ac
cord. The Chief Executive was sched
uled to depart shortly after
9 a.m. EDT from Otis Air Force
Base, Mass., for a one-hour jet
flight to Andrews Air Force Base,
Md., outside Washington.
His formal schedule called for
an 11:30 a.m. EDT welcoming
ceremony at the White House for
visiting President Julius Nyerere
of Tanganyika, and a 4 p.m.
meeting of the two. But Kenne
dy's attention also will be fo
cused largely on:
The American - British - So
viet talks starting in Moscow in
a new Big Three effort to gain
at least an agreement to ban nu
clear tests in the atmosphere,
above ground and under water.
Kennedy watched for signs of ex
actly what Soviet Premier Nikita
S. Khrushchev's personal partici
pation in the talks will mean.
A six-man fact-finding panel's
blue-ribbon study of the railroad
work rules dispute which still
threatens to touch off a nation
wide train strike July 29 if un
ions and companies fail to re
solve their "featherbedding" dis
pute. The panel must report to
Kennedy by a week from today.
indicated he would be ready to &i
to Washington "at the appropri
ate time."
Chain Reaction:
Through a curious chain reac
tion of international economics,
the U.S. farmers' vote against
wheat controls is going to help
make it easier and cheaper for
Communist China to purchase
wheat. The vote is expected to
result in more wheat on the
world market, which will bring
the price down. Other aspects of
the story are that Australia and
now France are aggressively
joining Canada in the Chinese
wheat market, and that China's
own crops are expected to be bet
ter this year.
Rocky warns
GOP doomed if
radicals stay
ALBANY, N.Y. (UPI) Gov.
Nelson Rockefeller warned Sun
day that the Republican party
may be destroyed altogether un
less it takes steps to stem the
growing subversion from the
"radical right lunatic fringe."
The New York governor, a pos
sible GOP presidential candidate
next year, also warned against
abandoning Northern industrial
areas in order to concentrate on
getting the Southern vote. Such
a plan would be disastrous, Rock
efeller declared.
In a statement issued here, he
said the Republican party must
unite against the radical right ele
mentswhich would destroy the
party to save itself and the na
tion as well.
Rockefeller pointed to the re
cent young Republican national
convention in San Francisco as
an example of hew the "Republi
can party is in real danger of
subversion by the radical, well fi
nanced and highly disciplined"
radical right.
He said the proceedings there
were dominated by extremist
groups, "carefully organized' well
financed and operating through
the tactics of ruthless, rough-shod
intimidation.
"The leaders ef the Birchers
and others of the radical right
lunatic fringe . . . who success
fully engineered this disgraceful
subversion ... are the same peo
ple who are now moving to sub
vert the Republican party itself,"
he said. By "Birchers" he meant
the John Birch Society.
"These are the tactics of total
itarianism," Rockefeller said.
The governor said these extre
mists preach programs of "dis
trust, disunity and the ultimate
destruction of the confidence of
the people In themselves. They
arc purveyors of hate and dis
trust. . ."
Barb:
If a fisherman must tell a tall
tale he should at least keep it
short.
An Indiana wife made a bed
quilt out of her husband's old
ties. Come winter and he'll be
pulling it up around his neck.
The excuse the boss gives for i
staying away from the office'
these days often sounds fishy.
Women are said to forgive more
often than men, maybe because
they have so many more opportunities.
Indians
Answer to Previous Puzzle
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46 Deed
49 Most uncommon
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55 Af frivs
56 German
community
57 Household gods
DOWN
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Pine strobile
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28 Row
29 Rational
31 About aircraft
34 Lapwings
37 Dental degree
(ab.)
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