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VATICAN CITY (UPI) Pope
John XXIII, the Italian Peasant's
son who became leader of half a
billion Catholics around the world,
was a man of many surprises.
He was a rotund old man whose
. craggy features, ready smile and
outgoing warmth inspired confi
dence and faith. Above all he was
human, a man close to the earth
who knew people both their
good and their faults.
Pope John learned the harder
side of life as he grew up on the
- land his father worked for an
!.. other man as a sharecropper.
And as a Vatican diplomat he be
came experienced in a different
kind of life, International politics
and all its ramifications.
His friendly, open personality
stood out even more pronouncedly
!' against that of his predeces
: sor, the austere, intellectual Pius
XII.
According to many, John was to
have been an "interim," Pope
a pontiff who bridged the gap be
tween the 19-year reign of Pius
..' XII and the election of a younger
man.
j But an "Interim" Pope he defi
nitely was not.
Not Another Nam
The name of Pope John XXIII
will not go down In history as just
another in a list of 262 popes that
began with St. Peter. From al
most the moment of his election
in the evening of Oct. 28, 1958,
the new pontiff showed forceful
personality and firm grasp of his
responsibilities.
During his pontificate Pope
John called the Second Vatican
Ecumenical Council, the first such
gathering in 92 years and the 21st
in Catholic church history. He is
sued the encyclical "Mater et
Magistra," an important docu
ment on social and labor prob
lems. And on April 10, 1963, he Issued
an encyclical hailed as one of the
most important papal documents
of modern times. It was "Pacem
and Terris" (Peace on Earth),
an appeal to "all men of good
will" to work through strength
ened international organizations
for a peace based on justice and
liberty for everyone.
Received Balzan Prize
The encyclical was the capstone
of the Pope's constant work for
peace which two months later had
brought about his selection for
the 1963 Baizan International
Foundations Peace Prize. .
The issuance of the encyclical
also coincided with an initiative
by tha Pope to bring about the
' release of prelates imprisoned be
hind the Iron Curtain and to ob
tain greater freedom generally
for the church in Communist
lands.
As part of this effort, the Pope
received Soviet Premier Nikita
Khrushchev's son-in-law and
daughter, Alexei I. Adzhubei and
his wife Rada, in an unprece
dented audience on March 7,
1963.
On the pages of history, such
things will mark the pontiff. But
for those who lived during his
time he probably will be more
noted for his tradition breaking
ways if he felt tradition need
ed to be broken for the good of
the church or if it had become
outdated in the space age. In
some cases he reinstated tradi
tion that had fallen into disuse
over the centuries.
Many of the changes he brought
about were little, personal things.
He began his first days as pontiff
following the tradition that the
pope should eat alone.
That did not suit his tempera
ment and he soon began inviting
friends. "They want me to eat by
myself," he said shortly after his
election. "I tried it for one week
and I wasn't comfortable. Then I
searched through the Sacred
Scripture for something saying I
had to eat alone.
"I found nothing, so I gave it
up and it's much better now."
Eliminate! Much Knttllng
He ruled that the people work
ing closely with him need not
kneel and kiss his ring every time
they came in his presence, but
only during their first and last
visits of the day. It saved time,
he said.
As the years of his reign con
tinued, so did Pope John's sur
prises. He quickly broke the an
cient tradition set by Pope Sixtus
V on Dec. 3, 1586, that there be
only 70 cardinals, following the
example of the 70 elders of Moses,
Pope John raised the Sacred
College to 75 members, and then
to 85. Its high, was 85 members,
plus three cardinals the pontiff
named "in pectore" in his
breast. He never revealed the
names of these cardinals, as was
his right, and the secret of who
they were died with him.
In the 59 years between the uni
fication of Italy in 1870 and the
Lateran Pact in 1929 the popes
lived as self-exiled "prisoners of
the Vatican." Even after 1929 fol
lowing popes seldom left the 108
acre state.
But Pope John went out of the
Vatican some 150 times, both for
short visits in the city of Rome
itself and others farther away, in
cluding a 400 mile round trip he
took to the shrines of Loreto and
Assisi to pray for the success of
the Ecumenical Council less than
a month before it opened on Oct.
11. 1962.
He even visited the Regtna
Coell Jail in the heart of Rome,
the day after Christmas, 1958. As
the white-clad figure gave his
blessing to the prisoners in their
cells, both the guards and the
men serving their sentences wept
openly.
Did Not Fear Death
Pope John enjoyed life but
he did not fear death.
After his election he spoke sev
eral . times about the inevitable
end for all men.
"I am always ready to move
over to the other shore," he said.
Another time the pontiff serenely
told a group during an audience
' that "I have great confidence in
the future, but I am ready to go
even tonight. I place all my con
fidence in the hands of the Lord
and I feel well in doing so."
From peasant's son to the spiri
tual leader of the largest religion
in the world was a long road.
Angelo Gulseppe Roncalll was
bom on Nov. 25, 1881, in his par
ent's home in Sotto il Monte (Un
der the Mountain), a little village
near Bergamo In northern Italy.
He was the third of 13 children
three of whom died at birth and
eldest son of Giovanni Battista
Roncalli, a sharecropper whose
family had tilled the soil for years
and his wife Marianna Mazzola
Roncalli.
He was survived by three broth
ers and a sister. They are Sa
verio, 79 Alfredo, 73 and Giuseppe,
68, all of whom still live at Sotto
il Monte, and Assunta, 65, who
lives at Sesto San Giovanni near
Milan.
Also" surviving were 18 nephews
and nieces.
He grew up In a house of square
cut stones covered with grapevines
at the top of a narrow, cobble
stoned street. From the boy's bed
room window he could see the
green valley below and the hillside
sloping down the River Adda.
Tilled the Soil
As he grew older he did his
share of the work like his
brothers and sisters. He helped
gather wood and helped his father
in the fields. To till the soil was
his apparent destiny in life.
But at the age of 11 little An
gelo announced that he wanted to
become a priest. His parents, both
religious people in a religious area
of Italy, gave their blessing. He
entered the seminary at Bergamo,
where he studied for the eight
years from 1892 to 1900. He was a
good but not exceptional student.
From there he went to Rome to
study at the Pontifical Seiminary.
He received a laureate in theology
and was ordained a priest In the
Church of Santa Maria in Monte
Santo on Aug. 10, 1904, that same
year he officiated at his first
Mass, in St Peter's Basilica.
Father Roncalli's first job was
as personal secretary of Msgr.
Giacomo Count Radini-Tedeschi,
the bishop of Bergamo. The count
had a strong influence on the
young priest, as did the fact that
Bergamo was an extremely Cath
olic area.
When World War I came Ron
calll was drafted into the Italian
army. He served a year as a
Medical Corps sergeant and than
as an army chaplain with the rank
of lieutenant. At the end of the
war he founded Italy's first "stu
dents home" for assistance to
middle class students in public
schools.
Starts Diplomatic Work
During the period from 1921 to
1925 his visits to European Catho
lic centers for missionary work
helped prepare him for his long
diplomatic service. In 1925 under
Pope Pius XI he began his 27
years In the Vatican Secretariat
of State. He was named titular
archbishop of Aeropolis and was
appointed as apostolic visitor to
Bulgaria.
Msgr. Roncalli, then 43, was to
spend 10 years In Bulgaria, a coun-
try which fell to communism at
the end of World War II. During
the long period he spent there, he
learned the language and mixed
well.
In 1935, he was promoted to tha
twin posts of apostolic vicar and
delegate to Turkey and apostolic
delegate to Greece, with headquar
ters in Istanbul. He served there
for nine years, during the arduous
years of World War II.
Esteem for him was so great
that in December, 1944, Pope Pius '
XII picked him for one of .the most
difficult assignments in Vatican
history apostolic nuncid to Paris.
Relations between the Vatican and
the French government of Gen.
Charles de Gaulle had become
strained because the Holy See had
sent a nuncio to the Nazi-dominat-ed
Vichy government during tha
German occupation of France.
Jan. 12, 1953, Pope Pius XH
named Roncalli a cardinal. Ac
cording to the traditional proced
ure for nuncios to Catholic coun
tries, the symbolic red biretta hat
was placed on his head , by
the president, Vincent Auriol. Aur
iol claimed the right to do it de
spite the fact he was a socialist.
Three days later, the Pope
named Roncalli patriarch of Ven
ice, replacing Msgr. Carlo Agos
tini who had died, .
"Here I have a new chance to
be entirely a pastor," said tha
new patriarch of the City of Ca
nals. "I am convinced that tha
ministry of the pastor is the most
fascinating, the finest that a man
can be offered in his life."
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HOT CAR City firemen level water stream Into trunk of auto that suffered heavy dam
age when a welding operation set it ablaze Sunday, in the Central Oregon College Auto
motive School building. Flames reached and damaged two nearby autos before firemen ar
rived. Two fire engines and 2 1 department personnel responded.
Justice court
cases reported
Special to The Bulletin
REDMOND Basic rule viola
tions tripped up a dozen motor
ists who annearcd recently in
Redmond Justice Court. Largest
fine, $50, was paid by Gloria J.
Fields, LaPine.
Others paid as follows: Wendell
R. Cooper, Sisters, $15; Floyd B.
Selby, Madras, $10i Harold W.
Manning, Madras, $25; Charles
G. Frazicr, Lake Oswego, $25;
Jack J. Jones Jr., Bend, $15; Rob
ert L. Hudspeth, Princville, $25;
George A. TcrriU Jr., Bend, $15;
Doyle G. Wilson, Redmond, $20;
Earl A. Shellum, Portland, $25;
John H. Johnson, Salem, $25, and
James T. Buckley, Manhattan
Beach, Calif., $15.
Eldon C. Higglns, Redmond,
was handed a suspended fine of
$10 for having straight pipes on
his vehicle. Improper headlights
cost Lowell A. Stewart, Redmond,
a fine of $10. of which $5 was
(impended. Franklin D. Graves,
Bend, paid $10 for an improper
muffler. Disobeying traffic signs
Gleemen off
for Europe
PORTLAND (UPI)-The Forest
Grove Gleemen and Girls left
Portland International Airport to
day on the first part of a trip
that will include singing appear
ances in three European coun
tries. The 52 singers and 15 other
members of the party were given
a sendoff by the Portland Rain
makers, Hollywood Boosters and
other well wishers. Five other
singors will join the group later
in Chicago, London and Rome.
The amateur group will perform
at the Salzburg, Austria, Musical
Festival and in Rome.
Now Showing
MtTKO
MYFR
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deWMBM71
2nd Feature
psgyzx DirkBogarde
cost Albert N. Talley, Redmond,
and June B. Harlan, Redmond,
$10 each.
Lyle A. Aldridge, Hayward,
Calif., paid $10 for truck speed
ing. Obstructed rear vision cost
Edgar E. Miller, Portland, a fine
of $10. Bert D. Farris, Bend, paid
$10 for excessive motor noise.
I-ack of an operator's license cost
Ronald J. Kuppenbender, Klmber
ly, B. C, and Ronny L. Bennett,
Portland, fines of $5 each.
AAUW group
honors girls
at annual tea
Some 70 young women were
guests at a tea given Friday aft
ernoon by the Bend branch of
American Association of Univer
sity Women. The affair, held at
the home of Mrs. Carl E. Erick.
son, 80 Drake Road, honored girls
wno are graduating from Bend
High School, and those complet
ing courses at Central Oreeon
College.
The guests selected refresh
ments from a beautifully decorat
ed tea table, and found seats In
the spacious living room and on
the flower-rimmed patio.
Mrs. Eugene White and Mrs.
Harvey Watt poured. In the re
ceiving line were Mrs. R. E. Jew
ell, Mrs. Don Pence, Mrs. Don
Empey, Mrs. John Harpole and
Miss Zola McDougall.
Mrs. Ted Crcighton was general
chairman. Mrs. Sam Lnngmas
and Mrs. Don Sele assisted about
the rooms. Assisting with the tea
table were Mrs. Richard Zimmer
man and Mrs. Clyde Johnson.
Slate vacation
Bible schools
Special to The Bulletin
PRINEVILLE The annual
daily vacation Bible schools will
begin Monday, June 3, in most
Prineville churches, according to
announcements. Only one report
ing church, St. Andrews' Episco
pal, has scheduled vacation school
for mid-August. -
At Our Savior's Lutheran
Church, the theme for DVBS is
"Teach Us To Pray," and the
course will include a ten-lesson
series, based on The Lord's
Prayer. Hours Monday through
Friday are 9 a.m. to 11:30 a.m.
The Lutheran school as at most
churches, will Include children
from nursery age through the
seventh grade. A Bible study class
will be held for older young peo
ple wishing to attend.
The theme for DVBS at the
First Baptist Church, June 3-14,
will be "Walking in the Way."
Mrs. Betty Reynolds is general
director of the day sessions for
children up through the junior
high school age, meeting from 9
11:30 a.m. Classes for high school
youth will be held evenings from
7-9 p.m. under the direction of
Bruce Claterbuck, a seminary
student assistant at the church
for the summer.
Hours for the school at the
Community Church are from 9-11
a.m. and all children from three
years through Junior high school
are Invited. A dedication service
for the DVBS teachers will be held
June 2, during the morning serv
ice, for teachers of the school.
Children attending the Nazarene
Church's DVBS will follow the
topic "Let's Go Adventuring,"
2 Tennessee
plans ruled
out by court
WASHINGTON (UPI)-The Su
preme Court today followed up
its warning that the South was
going too slow on integration by
throwing out two school transfer
plans being used in Tennessee.
In its unanimous 9-0 ruling, the
court agreed with Negroes who
protested that the transfer sys
tem had been adopted to pro
long segregation.
Last week in a Memphis case
involving recreational facilities,
the court had sharply noted that
the doctrine of all deliberate
speed" set forth eight years ago
was being abused.
Today, the court said the trans
fer programs being used in Knox
ville and Davidson County, which
includes Nashville, were unfair to
Negroes.
In another case, the court ruled
8-1 that a group of Negro chil
dren in an elementary school in
Cahokia, III, outside East St.
Louis, may sue in federal court
on grounds that racial discrimina
tion is being practiced there.
with Mrs. Wilfred Duncan as sup
erintendent. Classes are to be
held from 7-9 p.m. June 3-14.
At the Missionary Baptist
tnurcn. the topic is to be Tra
veling God's Highway." The pro
gram includes Bible study, a craft
period, recreation and refresh
ments.
Mrs. Loma Binder will direct
the DVBS at the Christian
Church, where the hours will be
9-11:43 a.m., June 3-14.
60co asms i hear it
said all over toojn -
1 T,Y A.? PSAuy XEEPl'6-
SAVE HUNDREDS
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lees trede-ln J
AUTOMATIC
Toe ten r wt no In erice wftih
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We have already
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this yearl
Fines collected
in LaPine court
Special to The Bulletin
LaPINE Four fines for fish
ing law violations and several for
traffic infractions were collect
ed recently by B. M. Martin, in
LaPine justice court
Fines of $29.50 apiece, for ang
ling by prohibited methods, were
paid by the following: Roy Henry
England, Cottage Grove; Claude
James Nelson, Rufus; Carl Hen
ry Crupp, Eugene, and John D.
Dugan Jr., Cottage Grove.
Basic rule violations brought
$25 fines for Lewis Perry Forga,
Lake view; Harold L. Hansen, Ta
coma, Wash., and David M. Cre-
gan, Ridgefield, Wash., and a
$15 fine for Jenn Marshall Simp
son Jr., Portland.
Other fines were paid as fol
lows: Clifford Horace Skinner,
Bend, Improper passing, $20; Or-
ville Gay Phillips, Paradise,
Calif., truck speeding, $10; H. B.
Dellinger, Springfield, failure to
drive to right of highway, $15;
David Wade Skidgel, LaPine,
over-width load, $15. ... .
The Bulletin, Monday, June 3, 1963
Use Bulletin Classifieds for Best Results!
BAND INSTRUMENT
CENTALS
Your child can par- ; .,
ticipate in Bend's sum
mer band program,
with all rental fees to
apply towards pur
chase of t h e instru
ment next fall. We
urge you to make res
ervations now for the
instrument your child
will need.
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Presenting the
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Daily at 10 a.m. & 8 p.m.
June 2-9, 1963
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