TAOV- 4
BBND nCtLK-MN. KN1), OHICOON, TlitJlWDAY, )KCICMUklU:o, tf2t.
The Bend Bulletin
(Weekly EdlUoa)
Published By
THE 11E.YD DCIiliETIN
(Incorporated)
.Established 1003.
ROBERT W. SAWYER, Manager
An Independent newspaper standing
for the saunro deal, clean business
eloan politics and the best Interests
or Bond and Central Oregon.
One year . .. .........$2.00
Six months l.o
Three months ............. .50
THUUSDAV, DECEMBER 29, 192
THE PARMER'S COND1TIQN'
Ordinarily one docs not look to
official reports for anything mora
than dry-ns-ilust statistics and techul
cal discussions that havo no Interest
to tho goneral public. Nevertheless
there are occasions when a report
will rise to unusual heights and pre
sent either such good wrltlug, such
able discussion, or such apt doscrlp
1 tton as to make It noteworthy. In
Us opening paragraphs describing tho
condition of tho American farmer tho
annual report of Henry C. Wallace,
secretary ot agriculture reaches these
heights. Wo think our readers will
welcome the opportunity ot reading
this portion of the report and we re
print It as follows:
' Tho farmer receives his money
wages in tho, form ot payment for
his crops and live stock. These wages
nro not paid regularly- every week or
every month, except in part In the
case ot some dairy farmers, but at
Irregular Intervals varying from
three months to n year or more, de
pending upon the naturo of the crop.
Neither rate ot wages nor hours of
work- is agreed-upon In advance. The
consuming public pays, but It makes
no agreement as to the amount It
will pay. The farmer is urged to
produce abundantly, but the price
paid him for what he produces is set
after the amount of his production
Is known. The buyers drive the
shrewdest possible bargain. The
more tho farmer produces, the less
the buyers want to pay. Thus we
have large production penalized.
Very often indeed, it is the general
ruIe--a large crop brings the farmer
fewer total dollars than a small crop.
And often a large crop sells at less
than It costs the farmer on an aver
ago to produce It. Such is the con
dition this year. The energy and the
Intelligence with which the farmer
works, the number of hours he
works, the cost he Incurs In produc
ing crops none of these is consid
ered In determining the price.
"The farmer, therefore must work
on faith. He must himself carry all
tho risks of weather, of heat and
cold, of flood and drought, of des
tructive storms, of Insect pests, and
plant and animal diseases. He must
plant enough to make sure that there
will be food for all, with the practl
cal certainty that in unusually fa
vorable seasons the result may be
a large surplus, and that this sur
plus, which can not be hidden, prob
ably will cause prices lower than the
actual cost of production. He must
be willing to accept these low prices
with the best grace possible and ad-
Just his living expenses to meet his
reduced Income. The American far
mer always has done this. He is a
philosopher, as every man must be
who works with nature and is sub
ject to nature's varying moods. And
he feels his responsibility to feed
the people. If the farmers ot Amer
ica should cease work for a single
crop season, millions upon millions
of pooplo would ruffor for food. They
havo never censed work, no mutter
what tho trials and hardships.
"In nn orderly world tho furmor
are ablo ono year with nnotlter t
so adjust their production to tho
needs ot consumption as to enjoy
rainy rcasuuaoio sunro of tno nn
tlonal prosperity. During tho period
ot development when farm land Is In
creasing in value, landowners look
upon the enhanced value of tin-1
land as accumulated compensation to
offset unprofitable crop years. Thl
thought has consoled them under
many distressing conditions of crop
failures and low prices. As they ad
vanco In age and come to tho time
when they must censo hard work
they have reaped this accumulated
value through salo ot tho farm or
through renting ou tho basis ot value,
Tho people ot America havo until
very recent years boon fed nt a price
below the actual cost ot producing
farm crops, it all ot tho factors which
property outer into that cast are con
sldcrcd and If tho farmer should bo
allowed a wogo no larger than tho
wage paid for tho cheapest labor. In
tho case ot tho Investor or specula
tor, increase. In tho vnluo ot farm
land may bo unearned increment. In
the case of tho farmer it is earned
Increment
"Tho farmer must carry also thoso
risks, due to changes In business
both at homo and abroad, which 1 n
tluence the demand for farm prod'
ucts; that is, his prices are Influenced
by the ups and downs of business
over which ho has no control. In per
tods of disturbance, which Interrupt
foreign trade or Interfere with homo
Industries and thereby decrease do
mand for farm crops, the farmer Buf
fers through tho reduction ot his
wage by decreased prlcess for his
crops. When such periods come at a
time when the cost of production is
unusually high, and especially if one
bad year has followed another and
thus finds the farmer heavily in debt
because ot the losses ot tho previous
ear, the result is serious'and makes
trouble for the farmer nnd every
one else. But the farmer always
works. Ho always produces. Ho
grows food In abundance.
"The crops of tho year 1920 wcro
produced at the greatest costs ever
now. These costs were jujtlffed by
prices which prevailed at planting
production mid far fewer Velntlvely
than tho prices ot other commodities,
Tho farmers' wages had thus beult re
duccd to about tho prownr level, hut
tho wages ot other people, whether
paid direct or through tho prodltcts
of their work, remained very .near
tho war level and from CO to! 100
por cent or more nhovo tho prownr
level. This was t disturbing condi
tion, but tho farmer hoped and had
n right to expect that by tho 'time
his crops of this year wero rendy for
market other .workers and other man
ufacturers, for tho' farmer Is 'both,
would bo willing to accept tholr shnru
ot tlio burden of economic rebuild
ing and that tho prices ot other
things, Including wages, which havo
tho greatest Influence on such prices,
would come down to a fnlrer nnd
more nearly minimi relation to the
price of fnrm products. Tlieru was
no attempt on tho part ot tho farm
ers to restrict production. In sotno
cases, ns with the cotton farmers of
the south, there was nil effort to re
adjust acreage by substituting oliu
crop for another. Hut It can nut
bo said that tho farmers of tho Unit
ed States combined to hold up their
wage. They showed tholr good faith
nnd tholr sonso of responsibility In
trying times by planting plentifully.
reducing' their own expenses In every
possible way, and working harder nnd
longor hours. As In wnr time, ninny
-women and girls worked In tliu fields
the gasoline sales tax hill, tho prop
erty tax Iden being ahniidoned, and
in any ot those who hud opposed tho
latter, voted to plnco tho burden of
fair finance upon the motorist,
Arguments against .tho property
tax, also hold against tho giiHollmi
tax. Tho principle Is tho snnui dis
criminatory class legislation for sec
tional bonoflt. Both sot vicious pro.
codonts ami aro an nhitso ot tho tax
ing powor. In addition, the gas bill
robbed the highway repair fund.
What might ho called tho "ngrnr
Ian bloc" consisting ot 1 1 senators
stood pat ntfilnst tho fair bill and
prevented ItH lognl passage. (Irent
credit Is duo tholr efforts and they
truly reflected tho .BontlnttiiitH of tho
rural sections they represented,
Tho road protection and roguhi
(Ion hill program went through with
out n struggle nnd much other lee
Million of emergency character was
enacted. As It Is, tho special session
only cost $220,000, much of which
would hnvo been covered in defici
ency appropriations next year, In
stead ot over $3,220,000.
Real Estato
Farms
Insuranco
Rentals
Bend Investment Company
(The oije of Service)
8120 Wall Street, Henil
Loans Investments
PORTLAND INTER KST
Tho people of northeastern
Ore-
east by way ot Halt Lake and Idaho
nnd to tho latter all California tra
vel. Whether this menus they would
oppose tho designation of the Central
Oregon and The Dnlles-Cullfoi'iilu nn
primary highways under Ilio Hilpps
McDowell net, which would put thtim
In line fur federal ulit, does not tip
pear In the news hut It Is apparent
Hint they nro quite willing, at least
thnl these two should he passed over
No one hero, wo Imuglue, has any
objection to the Old Oregon Trull or
the Pacific hlgltwuy, but we are Meet1
ly Interested In the Central Orego
nnd The Dnlles-Cnllfnrnlu. Appar
Fifteen Years Ago
.,tlt ,1... 1 1, oil i, ,i,l l ,1..,,. I If
mil. mill Kutintlnllv (I,,,-,. f ll...,.ll,. ""
" ., , ' '.. . . 'rouil committee nro not Interested
And yet Portland wants on
for a 1'ortlaml fair.
fnn. linvn fit,-,.,, 111" ,,in,l.. t. Ml vm
fleht niriilnst Dm ,l,,l..iinilMi, i,v n, ""
l.l-l..v.i. .. '.'., I "I'lU'ei t
- " J vuiiMtlinniWM II i IIU mi'VlllfVtl
Wnlluln cut-off rond as a part of the
becuuso reduced Iticomo ma da Ini-! um 101,(1 "ysteni. On the other side
posslblo tho employment of Other
held. As tho result of largo ocrenge
very hnrd work, nnd a favorable
season, the crops ot 1921, whllo not
as large as in boiuo yoars, yielded
moro than wo need for our own use,
hut prices are most unsatisfactory.
"Had some way been found for
tho pcoplo In need to buy our sur
plus nt prices which would cover
the cost ot production tho American
farmer would have boon prosperous
and tho country would have pros-
ered with him. It Is u terrible In
dictment of modern civilization that
witn sucli abundance hero there are
millions of pcoplo overseas suffering
for the bare necessities and other
millions starving to death. And sure-
wo are sadly lacking In our under
standing of economic lawR or in our
djustment to them when tho pro
duction of bounteous crops grown
by tho hard labor of 13,000,000 far
mers and farm workers and their
tho fight for the road lias'beoii led
by the Portland Chamber of Com
merce which bases Its nrgiimotit on
tho deslro to divert to the Columbia
highway some of the travel that now
pnsses through Wnlln Walla and
turns off toward Senttlu nnd other
Wushlngton points. The opposing
argument is Hint not only will such
trnvel bo diverted but nlso much of
thnt which now comes around I Won't they cuss? Of course they will
through Pendleton will bo lost to that I Rob a real fellow of two cents and 1m
section. In addition R Is said that
before any new highway dcslgna-
TIiniR NEW ANOLK
(I. a (lrniide Observer.)
It Is planned to Invite the world
to come to Oregon In automobiles
for Is this not to ho a "Highway Ex
position," and those who came In
machines will find mi extra two cents
tax on gnsollne every guest buys
Hons nro miido tho commission
should sec to It that vnrlous other
roads now on the highway map
should bo finished.
Tho question Is now being consid
ered by tho commission nnd It is not
likely that any hasty action will be
taken. It would be desirable, never
theless, for this section iih represent
ed by tho Commercial club to give
Its support to the Pendleton people
hates you worse than If you robbed
him of n large amount. Oregon can
not afford such petty larceny tricks
And still again, don't you know
tho present gasoline tux for good
ronils Is only hanging by Its eye
brows. There Is not a legislator who
worked on (ho highway laws which
Included the special tnx ou gnsollne
who would bet n slick dime that It
will stand tho test of tho courts.
Suppose some old chap from the
would drop as low as they did, butIlvo '
during the winter they accepted these
sold at lower prices per sale unit
expressed In dollars and cents, but
probably never boforo have our far
mers generally been compelled to ex
change their crops per sale unit for
such small amounts ot the things
they need. The purchasing powor of
our major grain crops Is little moro
than half w'hat It was on nn averago
for the five prewar years of 1910
19H, Inclusive.'
"When we remember that approx
imately 40 per cent of all our pcoplo
porting the action of the chnmher In
favor of a number of primary high
ways In Oregon and adjacent states
under tho l'hlpps-Dowell federal
highway net, which will link up ex
isting highways and make thorn moro
serviceable to tho public."
These primary hlghwnys, accord
ing to tho news Item, are tho Old
Oregon Trnll and tho I'nclflc high-
a - . .... I I I i I. l. .l l.i l. .1
time. They wero incurred willingly families Is permitted to play such a!"1 ,H"-',r " uccntiso , is m inn sn-u nnwuiu Kn.w rl
because th farmer hn,i Wn im lorgo part In naralyzlnc our Indus-' of ""' local Interest in tho matter of this monkey mid parrot game Ore-
over and over again that overseas tries and business at home. For Mint J but ticennso the Portland chnmher. U:on Is Blurting in to piny nnd take
ho, wns n h.mrrv -nri,i .J is What has hamiened. The Durehas- Us road program. Is also slighting i the gasoline case to tho supreme
h fed nnrt hnf th -i,i t, Inc nowcr of the nrlnclnal'farm croim Central Oregon mid wo may need , court, mid suppose the court should
strong demand for all they could pro- of "r 1921 at tho present time llcl 1,1 0,,r "' '.'k'"-
duce. Tho nrodiictlnn w. inr- .hlis lower than ever before known. In I wnn tnnl Portland program
farmers worked very hard, and ell- t,mea Past 801,10 of thc8 "OP have''" nnl'en " recent news Item re
matic conditions favored good crops.
But before the crops were harvested
prices had so decreased that at mar
ket time the crops sold for far less
than the cost ot production, consid
ering the country as a whole. Hun
dreds of thousands produced at heavy
fluanclal loss.
"The farmers had taken it for
granted that war prices could not
continue. They had expected lower
prices for their own products. They
had not thought that their nrlces
rule the gnsollne tax gmuo out, then
what would poor Robin do (hen?
We would nut only lose the boasted
plan of gutting revenue for the fair;
we would not only sink under the
weight ot bursli criticisms from
guests of other states who drove here
to the fair and were robbed of two
cents a gallon on gas used, but we
would lose the present money for
roads which the gnsollne tnx Is now
producing.
Our Portland brothers are excel-
way. To the former tho Pomanders i lent at figures, but sometimes they
would sot go nil traffic from the 'figure without reckoning results,
(From the columns of The
letin of December 28, I PUD.)
Dill-
Thnt business In lliuiil Is on the
Increase Is shown by a comparative
statement of the records of the Bond
Postofflce, Money orders Issued
show a decrease, mid rulicellatlolia
mi Increase
The Buckley oxpicsti line Is to bo
expanded Into a new singe nurvlcu
from Khiiiilko to Bund, giving dully
service both wnys. It will bo run
by way of Mudins, Forest, Culver,
Redmond, mid l.alillaw.
Contracts have been let In Red
innud for the clearing plowing, seed
ing, nnd fencing two ncres of tho
cemetery.
John Hteldl loft Thursday on u
business unit pleasure trip to Minne
sota.
I.. I). Wlest returned to Ilnnd Sat
urday night after mi absence of
three weeks. During that time he
hits been engaged In nn exploring
expedition In the Metollus river sec-Hon.
Deer lire reported In he plentiful
on the desert In the southern part of
the county, and to were killed with
in two or three miles of Redmond.
The deer are being driven out of the
mountains by the snow.
Mr. mid Mrs. II. C. Kills repre
sented Demi at a neighborhood guth-
erlng on the Allen & llnrues ranch
neur Clllto Fulls Christinas day,
ROVIDK ICK RINK
FOR IJKNI) CHILDREN
Vacant Half llhx k Hooded To Allow
Shilling Danger nf Ilex linti-.
Itllil- To lb- .tloblr.l.
To provide n skating rink for the
hlldreii of Bend which will lark tho
lancer of the ice margins nlonit the
dge of the Deschutes, the vacant
half block east of Bund street, be
tween Louisiana and Kansas avenues
was flooded lust week under the di
rection of Fire Chief Tom Cnrloii
The plan wus carried out at
the suggestion of tloorge Hoover of
his city.
very low prices with their usual phll
osophy. They borrowed more money
to keep themselves going, and in tho
face of a continuing decline In prices
of almost all of their crops they put
out ample acreage In the spring of
1921. At that time prices of farm
products were much below the cost of
Uhc Central Oregon Bank
D. E. nCXTER, President
OARLETO.V n. SWIFT, Vice President
E. P. 3IAHAPFEY, VIco Pre.,nil Manager
. H. M. STEPHENS, Cashier
BEND, OREGON
70 Per Cent of Us Are
Dependent at the Age of 60
t
Are you to be ono of the hcven out of every ten pcoplo
vtlio, when the MiiidovtK of ago creep upon them, must
turn to friends or relative for charitable. Hiistulnrnca?
Or will jou Mart prepulrlng now for the tlmo when
you urc no longer nblo to work.
Tlio New Yeir offerN u oplendld opportunity for you
to start thnt MivJugs iiccount. A mnll saving each
month will mean much to you In years to come.
he QDimtgnl Oregon ai
D 1!. HUNTEit,
Prmldemt
W.
P. MAHAPKEY,
Vlcn President
In the open country and are I
dent upon what grows out of
)ll, tho baneful effect upon thojvJ M
1 of reducing tho purchasing; vv WW jm tm
of that 40 per cent so far be- IjS MM L. Wi
Is obvious. The farmer IbB-4 T !
to practice tho ft IB L k B1
depen
the soil.
nation
power of that 40 per cent so far be
low normal Is obvious. The farmci1
is compelled to practice tho most
rigid economy, to wear his old
clothes, to repair' his old machlnory,
to refrain from purchasing every
thing he can possibly do without, and
to deny himself and his family not '3
alone luxuries but many of tho or-j'sra
dlnary comforts of life. This In turn li-sj
has forced the manufacturer to re-5$
strict his output to tho lessened do-iw
mand, reducing his own purchases of ljjj
raw material, and greatly reducing gj
the number of his workmen. Men 5ra
out of work must live on their sav
ings and are In turn compelled to.
practice economy by reducing their
own buying, and thus still further re
strict the farmers' market. And bo
we find ourselves In a vicious clrclo
which wo are having difficulty In
breaking through."
FAIR BILL KILLED
(Salem Capital Journal.)
Tho gasoline sales tax bill to ralso
13,000,000 for the Portland 192G ex
position Is dead, as It ought to ho.
If tho people vote upon It, It will
bo because It Is revived hy Inlll
ative petition for the general election
in November.
There is little question of tho Illcg
allty of the senate procedure whereby
It was sought to overrun tho consti
tution and turn a minority Into a ma
jority, and thereby place tho amend
ment tfpon the ballot tor the special
election, Tho constitution cannot bo
altered by nomito nction.
Tho fair promoters Induced tho
govornor to cull the special session so
as to adopt measures to submit to
tho people tho raising of $3,000,000
for tho fair by direct taxation. Be
fore the legislature mot, a majority
of both houses had agreed to voto
against direct tax measures for fuf
fl'nancjnv .
Announces Reduction in Price, Effective Immediately
NEW PRICES IN BEND
TOURING CAR, $ 1 365
COACH $1650
One hundred and twenty-two satisfied Essex owners in
Bend will tell you that money can not buy a four cylinder ear
that will give more satisfaction than the Essex.
See one of the new models at the
Pioneer Garage
m
m
K9
m
4t
The fair boomers then swltchod to;
mmmm