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About The Bend bulletin. (Bend, Or.) 1903-1931 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 20, 1919)
BRIO) BULMCTW, IlEND, OftKOOJf, TIIUIIHnAV, NOVEMIlEIt 20, 1 010 PAflK 11 ii ,1 r AMERICAN AGRICULTURE NOT DECLININC LABOR AND CAPITAL SHORTAGE FELT Htudy tilioiilil In .Vliiilc of roHhllilll tliH to Develop ami Utilise, lanN -Kettleis ceil HjMiintlo (Juld- IIIIC'C (in ,NV HolU. III mi address liiHt Tuesday before tint National association of commis sioners or Agriculture at Chicago, David F. Houston, secretary of Agri culture, dealt with wlmt ho called tho fallacious uotloiiH tlint "In 'point of productivity American agriculture Ih on tho decline mid that wo tiro in night of tho limit of production, that wo need an iinllniltiid number of farmers, that agriculture I not a business which requires expondlturo of capital and labor and must show u profit, that tho remedy for an an sumed shortage of production I it backtotholaiid movement, that tho American farmur has boon Ignored by tlio Government, or that It can hoIvo all tint problems of production mid distribution." Crop Improti. "In view of tho fact, It Is HliiKtilar" mild tho Secretary, "that Jh notion should still bn disseminated that American agriculture has been de teriorating and that there Is ground for pessimism about tho future. It Is trim that tho production of soiuo of tho stablo commodlllus has not kept pacn with population, hut this In Itself may bo Of llttlo significance Tho advnnco In urglctilluro has re vealed Itself not so much In tho ex punslou of thn stajflit cominodltles as In a greater diversity of product. In tho nppoaranco of now crops, In tho rise of minor crops to low propor tlons, and tho availability of supplies throughout thn year. Hut ovun In reference to tho staple products as measured by one Important lust, there hus been u very marked up ward movement. Tim yield per acre of crop production In I tin United Htntes has gradually Increased. Tho average rate of this Increase for tho past tweiity.flvu yearn has been small, It Is true, holm; only one-half of otiu per cent a your, but tho aggre gate results have been enormous. This upward trend Is not readily ob served In yields from one year to another, owing to the wldo yearly variations caused by tho differences In seasons. Hut when averages are obtained for u series of years, It is readily observed. During tho seven ties olid eighties, when there was a vast oxpnnsloti In farm nroti in tho West and orops wero grown on a more extensive scale, tho tendency of yields was downward. Since tho early nluotlos. however. It has been upward. For tho ton years ending with 1800, tho average yield per aero of wheat In the United States whs 1 1 8 bushels; for tho ten years end ing In 1018, tho average yield win KS bushels, or an Increase of 2b per cent. In thn first period tho nverago yield of corn wss 23.4 bushels; In tho second IT, S. or an In crease of 10 per cent: of oats 25.9 In the first period. In tho second or 32.2, an Increase of 24 per cont; of potatoes 72 9 bushels for tho first u itt (r painted, Airfare to MtllCil, finliiicd varnUlicd, or In tut v WAV, there's sn lcmc,Qualitv IvluJ to fit ttic iujpoe H v . ? Bend Hardware Company ! SAYS D. F. HOUSTON period, mid 0(2.8 for tlio second, an Increase or nearly fill 1-3 per cent. All other Hold crops huvo Jlkowluo Improved In yield, the iivnnigo for the ton yearn ending In 1918 being 1G per cent greater than that for tho period ending Its 1890,, This ten dency Is Kotierul throughout tho Union. It Is not duo to the shifting of production, "Tho Nation," said tho secretary, "does not need and cannot have an unlimited number of farmers unless it Is to return to tho old basis when tho farm was solf-sufllclunt und pro duced llttlo or no surplus. It should have, and In tho long run will have, ust ns many farmers as will produce what tho world will take at n profit able price. Farming must pay and rural life must bo mado attractive and healthful, schools with their In struction properly related to rural life must exist, good roads be pro vided, and adequate medical, hosp itnl, mid sanllaiy nrrmtgoment bo developed, When theso conditions are mot tho problem will havo been solved mid tho Nation need not worry about tho number or Its farmers or tho requisite supply of materials for food and clothing. l.aboi-('apltnl UmlfiM. "In considering tho rate of exten sion of tho Idea in farms, it is I in portaut to recognize that tlio expan sion of the Nation's agriculture Is limited by tho supply of labor and capital available for use. In agricul ture as distinguished from other uses, rather than by tho scarcity of undeveloped lands. It is true that In general tho best land Is In culti vation, hut without nuostlon much or tho remainder rnu bo tilled when tho Nation reaches the economic stage which would Justify the utiliza tion. It probably would be unwise to stimulate n largo increase In tho acreage of farm land at the present time, especially as such an Increases would be made available at u heavy outlay of capital for drnlnnge, Irri gation or clearing. Apparently, therefore, American ngrlculturo should consolidate Jho gains already made, prepare for tho period of principally by increasing through sound und economical methods tho productivity or lauds ulroady under cultivation, mid utlllxo the services or tho most experienced mid Judici ous agricultural leaders In deter mining where, when mid how to bring Into cultivation mid develop public mid private unusod land. Study llhllltlr. "Tho best experts or tho Fedunu Department and of tho agricultural col legos should make n careful study of tho possibilities of utilizing lima, cutovor laud. 00,000.000 uci of not now devoted to agriculture. In respect to tho 200.000,000 mi. of land needing drainage, and SO. 000.- 000 acres which might be Irrigated, there Is great Variation from dis trict to district as to tho possibility of economic use. Distinctive roglous should bo fully studied with u view to assemble all existing data on pro ductivity, the cost of making tho laud available, present tenure mid prices, the typo or ngrlculturo best adapted to the conditions, tho posiltjiu ,e turns, tho minimum him or farms cnpablo of supporting families JU ren- Strong Reason 3 for Fail Painting 1. The wood is thorpughly dry. Summtr'i imh tiai rtme-itJ ul tntlltun, 2. Paint penetrates deeper into dry wood. Tht itfff It i'fi iht it III It hUl. 3. Fall weather is warm, dry and dependabje. ,, c , . Unit ianetf nht. damp, riinr , nvfiuh inJanst' tht JutulTilii) tht paint. 4. Wet weather- decays and de stroys unprotected surfaces. Lad tf paint imam unixghtt and Uu valuablt fvptrtb 5. Fall painting keeps out winter moisture. Tht gnattit tntmt to tht lift and btauty atl itrucurti Ask us about ACME QUALITY HOUSE PAINT. It insures the Krcatcst protection and beauty, at the least cost pcr.vear of service. Questions cheerfully answered. ROAD ROLLER CHARGE FAIR SAYS EASTES HOUR TO BASIS IS AID CONTRACTOR CITY TO COOPERATE Khoiild Woik With County, .MnoiH Itellcf- Judgo llnnies Ileneus Offlcr to (live Itend Uho of Holler Free. Is Under existing conditions, tho charges mado by tho Deschutes county court for the road rollor which Is being rented to contractor Joo Hock, ore entirely fair, was tho declaration of Mayor J. A. KmliH Thursday, after a tour of Inspection of city street Improvement Jobs, mado in company with J. C. Ilhodes, chairman of tho streets committee or tho Iletid council. Mr, Hastes round that tho rollor, for which the contractor Ih obligated to pay $2 at nour, nas neon iuio trio greater pari of tho time, being used from two to four ho urn it day, and being held from road work outside tho city bo- causo of this. "I don't blamo the county court u bit," Mnyor Kas,tCJ said. Knit Not Formerly Given. Mr. pastes explained that when tho matter of thn county agreement came up at a recent council meet ing, he had objected to tho rate charged because ho had understood thnt the roller was to bo used daily for a full eight hours. Now thnt all tho facts are ut his disposal, he sees only one objection remaining In tho agreement between tho city mid county regarding tho roller, and that lies In tho clause which would make Ilend gunrantco tho contractor's ob ligation. "Tho city rccordor and I will bo glad to look after tho county's Interests and see thnt col lections are made, hut I do not con sider that tho city should bo qulto so closely bound," tho mayor said. Ho omphutlcally declared that ho Is anxious for a policy of tho most thorough cooporation between city and county, and had no Intention of creating any fooling of antagon ism. Ho will ask tho court, ho sayn, that the roller bo used on county roado until enough work has accum ulated In Hond for several full days thus, eliminating part time work on tho city streets. Court Kxplalus Hate. County Judgo W. D. Homes mid Commissioner C. H. Miller, in com insntlng on tlio arrangement made with tho contractor, showed that county roads nro waiting on tho con tractor's pleasure, mid city ntreeta nro being given nil tho advantage. "Ah a mattor of fact. If tho city it Bclf wore doing tho work, tho rollor would bo turned ovor to Ilend with no charges whatovor for rent," Judgo Ilarnes said. "That Is tho way It has been handled in tlio past, nnd tho offer still holds good." Rent charged by tho company selling tlio I rollor, when ouo of thomnchlncs was snipped rroni Portland to Camp I.owls for n lengthy Job, ho quotea ns J260 n month, chnrges bolng ns sesRed from tho. tlmo tho machlno was shlppod to tho date on which It was again In tho hnnda of tho agents. Commissioner Miller mentioned w-ork done last summer on Wall streot, when ho personally oporntod mo rollor for two days. No churgo was mado even for his own sorvlcos, Whllo tho rollor Is- now bolng tied up by part tlmo work in llond, roada near tho city, includliiBono mllo Just oast of llond, and throo miles in tho Ornngo Hull district, aro budly In need or rolling. sonnblo comrort, tho minimum equipment neoded in tho beginning or settlement, sourcos or crodlt, and marketing mid transportation racll Itlea. "It would bo doslrnblo ir Govern mental agencies, bv svnrnnintln nl.l should rurnlsh reliable inrormatlon io moso BOoKing farms, should tako particular pains, through their agri cultural niachlnory, to givo now set tlors very special asslatnnrn n.i guidance, and whoro conditions uro lavornoio, Bhould aid in thn iinvninn. mqnt or woll-consldorod sottlomont pians. fltniulaidization Needed. "There is no auestlon that !,.. thlllg Which enn locltlmnrnlv l,n ,1inn to oiiininnto waste in marketing and to promote onlariv rilatvlliifn., I should be done, Certainly we can UrOCOOd furthnr hv Rtna Prlni and individual action in standard!-! f Lay a bet on rolling 'em with PRINCE Albert the national joy smoke ROLLING your own cigarettes with Prince Albert is just . about as joy'us a sideline as you ever carried around in your grip I For, take it at any angle, you never got such quality, flavor, fragrance and coolness in a makin's cigarette in your life a3 every "P. A. home-made" will present youl Prince Albert puts new smolccnotlons under your bonnet 1 It's so delightful rolled into a cigarette and, so easy to roll ! And, you just take to it like you been doing it since away back! You see, P. A. is crimp cut and a cinch to handle ! It stays putand you don't lose a lot when you start to hug tho paper around the tobacco I Youll like Prince Albert in a jimmy pipe as much as you do in a home relied cigarette, too! Bite and parch are cut out by our exclusive patented procccs. You know P. A. is the tobacco that has led three men to c-ioke pipes vhcro one was smoked before. Yes sir, Prince Albert biased the way. And, me-o-my, what a wad of smokesport will ripple your way every time you fill up I tho packing ot farm products, nnd In promoting tho uso of standard containers nnd proper storage on farms, in transit, and at tho market centers. "Particularly must the Federal und State agencies omit nothing to promote holptul farmers' coopera tive associations. Already within a goncration many such bodies have dovelopcd and expanded rapidly. It Is estimated that such associations In this country now market annually approximately a billion llvo hundred .million dollars' worth ot commodit ies. Tho Indications aro that with tho continued success ot these enter prises nnd with the proper educa tional effort and direction, they will develop even inoro rapidly in the future." After referring briefly to existing mm What Does A Merchant Do ? That's a Good Example for Every Farmer Good Stationery Will Advertise You i dm?' 'mm i'jfs. , nil fflPfV , .lP?iHHHHlhh. m vi pv" vL'WmUw'- '? 'WmW 4eam iv" -wamL-.m i CatrrffMttt IrrH.J. UttvoMi i r machinery for aiding the farmers In solving their marketing problems, tho Secretary says, "the rational pro gram would seem to be to expand activities which havo clearly demon strated their value, to follow the scgnt, ns it were, and to further de velop the machinery through which increased assistance may be furnish ed. There should be in every State one or more trained market special ists of the Department of Agricul ture, working In cooperation with the proper Stato authority, to stim ulate cooperative enterprises aud to aid farmers in their marketing work by helpful suggestions as to plans and methods. The department is re questing Increased. funds to make this extension possible nnd will tako the necessary action promptly it the appropriations are .made. Both the wi'BF'sr&wwBi noummm- '.wimr& He selects his firm name-, He puts his firm's name on stationery He tells prospective custo mers what he sells. THE BEND BULLETIN'S JOB PRINTING Is the BEST m Central Oregon Awmiltrtyrmt tyn, ymi'll una teppy tm nt ti"J m, htndtoirm fmund and halt poind tin tmmniir ndtht tlatmy, pioctirjit pound crywtMl !. humidor with mtxmi tudiletmt tep llut krrpa Pnn" Albert In 4ucAprAf umAf,ort R. J. Reynold Tokacro Company WinlMJtIcB, U. C. trnltoppft nt nprlrulf urA and thn Rtnfa departments have large duties In this direction and an immense opportun ity. The field is bread enough not only for both of them, but also for tho Federal Department aud for farmers and farm organizations." Denying that tbe American farmer has been Ignored cither In legisla tion or in machinery r furnishing him practical assistance, Secretary Houston said: "This Nation has xnoro beneficent legislation for agrl-. culturo than any other country, and agencies actively assisting tho farmer which In point ot personnel, support, mid range ot activities ex ceed those ot any other three nations of the world combined." Wnut to buy liny, ho llulletln clas sified nils. ing mo production, the handling, and