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About The Bend bulletin. (Bend, Or.) 1903-1931 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 22, 1913)
PAGE FOUR PI i r t-i ! RECIPES FOR THE HOUSEWIFE Or Ahum Cookies. Four cups ilftol grnhmn, oho cun flour, olio p "R!r. c"l n0" onlng, nc cup sweet milk, one tea spoon soda. Quick CAko. One tup sugar, one nml hMf cup flour, one nml n hnlf teaspoons lik ing powder. Hrenk ono egg In a cup, four tablespoons melted hutter added nml nil the cup with milk. Mix nil together, flavor nml hake In two lay crs. Sweet rotttoes with Bacon, lloll potatoes until tender In slightly salted water, then remove the skins. Set potatoes In n Imklng pan, place a iillco of bacon over th one, and bake until the bacon l crisp, bastlnR once or twice with tho bacon fat. Creuned Cold Chicken. Three cupfuls of cooked chicken, diced; ono cupful of chicken stock; ono cupful of milk; threo tablespoons of flour; two tablespoons of soft butter; salt nnd pepper to ta.te. Hub butter nml flour to a smooth paste, slowly add tho milk, stir this Into tho hot stock nnd stir over firo until well thickened. Senson to tnste; then add tho rhicken, nnd when well heated throiiRh, serve In ramekins or llttlo toast cups. Carrot Pudding. One cup prated carrot, one cup raw otnto, ono cup suRar, one cup chopped suet, one cup chopped raisins ono cup tnntc currants, one nnd a half cups flour, ono teaspoon soda dissolved in n little water. Steam thrco hours. Servo with any Rood hot sauce. Lemon Soup. A dcllelous variation on chicken soup. Make small forcemeat bnlls of chopped cold chicken, breadcrumbs nnd herbs mixed toRethcr and bound with tho yolk of an crr. Cook theso in a quart and a half of chicken broth. Tako them out and thicken tho soup with half n cupful of cream or milk beaten up with threo orrs, tho juice of a lemon, a little nutmeg and pepper and salt. Return tho forcemeat balls to tho soup nnd serve with sippets of toast. Blbbon Sandwiches. Select square loaves of rye or Rraham bread, also the sarao slied loaves of white. Cut as directed for log cabin sandwiches, but always fit togother from three to five slices at a time, using some soft filling that will mako them adhere well. When the required n..mkr nf filturnfttinrr kinds of bread are put together, cut Into narrow strips and lay separately on pianers, siacung the. sandwlehe in herring-bone style. Oraham Net Bread. One quart raised bread batter, ono quart graham and wmte iicur raucu, one-third cup sugar, one tablespoon cot tolene, half cup chopped nut meats. This will make two loaves. Mix sugar and eottolene well through the flour, add bread batter and knead soft. Make lntn loaves, let raise until ltaht and bake ono hour in moderate oven. The nuts may be omitted if desired. This bread makes nice sandwiches for teas or picnics. White Custards. Heat a pint of milk scalding hot and pour it upon the whites of three eggs which have been stirred not beaten with two teaspoonfuls of powdered su gar. Flavor to taste with vanilla, turn into wet custard cups, and set In a pan of boiling water in the oven, covering closely. Bake until the custards are set. When cold, turn into a flat dish, cover with whipped cream, sprinkle with grated maple sugar and serve. Soft dinger Cookies. One cup molasses, one and three- fourths teaspoons soda, one cup sour milk, one-half eup melted butter or lard, two teaspoons ginger, one tea spoon salt, four or five cups of pastry flour. Add soda to molasses and beat. Add milk, ginger, salt and flour until mixture Is. so stiff it will just drop from spoon. Then add melted shorten ing; set aside to chill for a few hours. Then divide, mixture, roll lightly to one-fourth inch thickness, shape with round cutter and bake on buttered sheet about 8 to 10 minutes. Baked Bggi in Potato Oases. Cook sufficient potatoes and mash the evening before needed. Season nicely as for the table. Make the po tatoes in small cakes and dust with flour. With your finger press a hollow in each cake. This can be done while the potatoes are warm. In the morn ing brush the cases with milk and place in the oven to brown, when hot nnd nearly brown enough remove from the oven and drop an egg into each case, with a dash of pepper and a bit of butter on each egg. Place in the oven again and bake until eggs are et. This is a very pretty and appe tizing dish for breakfast. Chill Con Came. Slice six or seven large onions and fry thoroughly, but not until they are brown, in a frying pan with lard. Add one pound of ground round steak. Have one can of tomatoos, one can of kid ney beans, a pinch of cayenne pepper and chili powder to suit the taste, cook' tug in two quarts of water. Add con tents of the frying pan and continue to cook. Boll the mixture down until thick, if liked that way. The process of thickening may be assisted by add ing flour to the frying meat and onions, then pouring in a little of the liquid mixture, before putting it all together Care of Poultry Flock in Winter A Few Suggestions That Will Help the Inexperienced Poultrymnn Fill His Bnskct When Eggs Are High Much has been wvlton about tho hen in her relation to the price of eggs In winter and many poultry raisers have been so fnr successful as to mnko the winter hen pty n larger profit than the summer hen. Hut tho general rule Is otherwise, due, perhaps, to a mlsun dcrMnndlug of tho best methods of feeding and housing, or to a lack of proper quarters for tho housing of the birds. It is our purpoto In this nrtlclo to show how results may bo secured in winter a well as In summer, and in order to Ret nt tho subject properly, It might be well to lay down n few fundamental principles, tho following of which is indlspcnsiblo to tho secur Iiir of results in tho henhouse. First, hens must bo kept warm at night; second, tho quarters must bo perfectly dry; third, tho henhouso must be free from vermin; nnd fourth, tho hen mint bo kept busy. If these foitr thlngit arc looked to, tho egg basket will always bo full, granted tho stock is well selected and tho food ration Is right. As to the selection of stock, it make very little dlffercneo as to breed among tho recognized staple breeds, but constant system of culling and selecting Is necessary In order to get rid of tho hen that doesn't pay. An Idea of tho enormous amount of work done by the hen can bo gained from tho fact that in producing 200 CRR a year she is accounting for a marketable product that is from threo to fivo times her own weight. All this conies at the expenso of her own vital ity and tho interior mechanism is of such delieacy that a sudden shock that interferes In any way with her com fort will stop tho machinery and tho egg factory will go out of business. This fact has been clearly demonstrated by experiment. Two flocks of hens, selected aa equally as posslblo and hav ing equal laying records, wero placed In separate quarters, tho one being full of cracks and open to the winds and storms of winter nnd the other com' fortnbly housed in water-proof and wind-proof shelter. Within three days the first flock began to fall off in egg production and after two weeks not a single hon was laying. Instances are on record where the results were even more immedlato than this. In the other case no change was noticed in the egg prodnetion and the hens were active and industrious, while the first flock stood huddled together in a corner dur ing the day, eating very little. In order to keep the factory going It must be supplied with plenty of anl mal hoat. For, in the absence of com fort, the fat of the body is called npon to furnish the fuel needed by the lay ing organs. This creates a dimand upon the hen that she cannot stand and when the surplus fat is exhausted, the laying organs cease to work. The over-fat hen becomes lazy and sluggish, but the under-fat hen has not sufficient fuel supply for egg production. This does not mean that fresh air must be excluded from the roosting quarters, but that the place must be free from drafts. Many poultry raisers have the best success with open front houses, a curtain of cheesecloth being dropped before the opening at nlgbt to exclnde the draft. This allows the trta circulation of air, without the baneful effects of damp or frost-laden currents, Other houses are so built that the opeo portion is used only for a scratching pen during the day, a separate apart' ment being provided for roosting and being completely enclosed. This ar rangement finds favor among many poultrymen because it enables them to keep the hens unoccupied for some time after sunriso, before they are turned into the scratching quarters. It Is claimed for this arrangement that the hens have a better appetite and work harder for their breakfast. Too much beat is just as bad for the laying hen as too little. It must be remembered that tho huddling togeth er of a large number of hens creates a vast amount of animal heat. Too close quarters may produce suffocation, the farmer finding some of bis flock dead under the roost in the morning. This can be easily avoided by providing ven tilation, fresh air being an essential to the health of the hen. Tboro is a division of opinion among poultry men ns to the virtue of the ground floor for the flock. It seems tho only test for this question should be whether or not it can be kept dry. In a moist climate, the drainage about the coop must bo looked to if the dirt Open Front Homes Are "Popular floor Is used, Tho floor may bo raised somewhat from the surrounding dirt, nnd, if tho coop Is on n slope, ditches enu be run nbuut it so Hint no wider will seep through into tlco coop, Many poultrymen contend that tho board floor, nilsed from the ground with room for ventilation underneath, af fords the, only Insurance ngntust damp ness on the floor of the coop In win ter. Others, equally successful, Insist upon the dltt floor. Kit her will bo found satlsfnctory If kept perfectly dry. Dampness is tho hen's uorst eiiniuy, for oneo roup tins g.ttued n hold on the flock, It Is difficult of eradication. The hens must be kept olT the damp ground for cold wet feet will stop e'g produc tion ns quickly as anything. The hen that li allowed to run out nil winter will probably not lay until spring. She hns to spend too much time thinking about her feet to rIvo much thought to t!C production. Furthermore, tho heat of the body is consumed In warm ing up tho tcRs nnd feet Instead of RO' Iiir to stimulate tho action of the hiv ing organs. So tho floor that Is con tinually wet will keep the tayliiR or gans Inactive. Tho main objection to the dirt floor Is that It Is more dilll eult to keep tho litter clenu on account of the constant working up of the While Leghorns "Profe Profitable ftltJi looso dirt. Supporters of tho dirt floor theory, howover, claim that it is far better to hnve tho hens on the floor naturo provided for them, oven though it does require cleaning out more fre quently, than to make them work on hard boards. Cleanliness is 'an essential part of the ben's comfort. Indeed, It has been clearly demonstrated that foulness In the coop will, directly or indirectly, stop egg production. In the first place, uneleanllness Is the harbor of vermin, and the hen thnt is Infested with lleo or mltcs cannot work. The effect is tho same as that of cold the strength of tho hen Is taken up with a fight for her blood. The fuel that should go to the egg organs Is diverted to repair the tissues torn down by the parasite. 8he gets no rest at nlgbt, and in the daytime she mopes about listlessly when she ought to be working for her food. If the dropping boards are not cleaned frequently, nnd every day Is not too often, they will be found to be alive with mites which swarm up onto the roosta nt night and sap the life of the hen. Cases of neglect nro very com mob whero the blood-filled insects are scraped off by the cupful in the morn ing. Kvcry crack is full, dry manure is found to be literally alive with them, whllo tho roosts themselves are almost red with tho millions of parasites. The poultryman wonders where they came from. It is a hard question to answer, but they are thero. Tbey seem to spring from nowhere nnd to become myriads beforo he is aware of their p esence. Tho nest boxes are found to bo infested, and the hens refuse to uso them. Tho litter is full and a con stant atroam of the llttlo pests is found to course up and down the legs of the hon. Can you expect her to lay under theso conditions? A further serious objoctlon to the unclean dropping board In summer Is that It becomes a breeding place for maggots. Now the maggot Is a grub, and grubs are known to be valuablo "KR producers. But the maggot is the kind of grub that needs a severe leaving alone. Many a little chick owes its death to a too hoarty meal of maggots, foraged from tho carcass of sumo dead iiuliunl, You pick up n chick some morning mid And thnt Its neck swum to lmo lost Its stllTness. It it suffering from "llmbor-nook" and tho i'iiiisi Is ii too eloso Intimacy with deenxed ment or umggots. Old hens ro not Immune- from tho evils of this disease, nnd when they go to scratch lug In the droppings It Is tiocnusn they find there some iiiilmnl life. Ilewnro of the, consequences, for, whllo they limy not Ret enough of tho grubs to glvo ttiem Umber neck, they nro par taking of food thnt wilt tend to plnco them on tho hospital list Mites rim lio handled If taken In time and the measures nro repented. Tho llrst thing is nbsolutn cleanliness. I'leanso tho dropping board, or remove It entirety. Tour n liberal amount of kerosene on tho ground under the roosts, to discourage future genera tions Hum up tho old roosts nnd nest boxes. If you hnve a dirt floor, first clenu out nil tho old litter, wet the ground thoroughly and then spade It up. Spray tho Interior of tin coop with limn nnd lye, creosote, or lime sulphur solution. Then replace tho old roosts with new ones planed free from knots or anything that would afford n hid ing plnco for tho mites, paint the roosts with creosote nnd put tobacco leaves under them wherever they arn attached to cross pieces; glvo your hens a fresh box of hard wood ashes to roll in and then never ceaso to be vigilant. If theso directions are followed the ver min will disappear and the ben Is on tho road to egg production. If tho trouble Is lice, a different method must be followed, for the mite works only at night, when the hen Is on the roost, or when she Is quiet on the nest. The lome, however, stays on the hen nil the time. Plenty of nshes for dusting will net as a deterrent to lire, but will not be found wholly ef fective as a rule. A good poultry pow der will be found necessary from time to time, and should be sifted thorough ly through the feathers, the hen being held head down. If the trouble seems to bo confined to tho head and neck, an application of kerosene and lard will be found very effective. This Is especially valuable in the treatment of young stock, as an experiment will show. The lice will be seen to release; their hold and drop off. The value of the scratching pen ns an egg producer has been demonstrat ed over and over again in recent years. It ia related that the effect of scratch ing was discovered by accident. A farmer bad a hen that stole its nest late In the season and came off with a largo litter of chickens. The weather was so cold that aho could not be nl lowed to run at large with her flock, and was confined In an old shod where the floor wns covered with a depth of several inches of chips. Food was thrown to the flock nnd a lively scratching began, the old hen keeping up the practlco dny after day. In a fow daya she was heard to ruckle, and, upon Investigation, a number of eggs wero found in an old stove in tho shod. Tho hen continued to lay regularly un til her chicks wero weaned, whllo the balance of tho flock, which was fed overy day on tho ground In front of tho coop, produced no eggs nt all. An experiment with a number of tho flock followed, and the result verified the suspicion that scratching was respon sible. Now tho scratching pen is re garded ns n necessity in winter nnd Is provided in many of tho largest poul try farms In tho country. It furnishes hrnt necessary for tho fowl, gives hor an npeptitn nnd keeps her from becom ing ovcrfiit. Scientific investigation hns recnlcd tho fact that tho laying organs nro stimulated by the exercise, becoming moro prolific nnd changing in n few days from a stnto of low dor mancy to ono of high production. Tho exorclso theory is woll ndnptod to that of tha open front houso. If tho houso is open to the south, It will reap nil tho bonoflt of tho sun on bright days, whllo tho curtain will pro tect it from dnmaging drafts on stormy dayx. If tho lions nro mado to, work for tlielr living thoy will be able to stand morn savero weather as the ox- erclso tends to mnko thorn hardy, Many poultrymen Imvo splondld success with theso houses, oven without tho curtain at night, but It Is better to drop the curtain as soon as tho sun goes down, Theso are but a fow of the many elements that go to mako a successful poultry flock. Soda Crackers are ex tremely sensitive to moisture. Before the advent of Uneeda Biscuit the only persons who ever tasted fresh, crisp soda crackers were the people in the bakeries. Now that we have Uneeda Biscuit we have perfectly baked soda crackers-perfectly kept. No moisture can reach them no contaminating influences can effect their flavor their good ness is imprisoned only to be liberated by you, for you, when you open the package. Five cents. NATIONAL BISCUIT COMPANY Natural Flesh Tints There is no improving on Nature. 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