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About The Bend bulletin. (Bend, Or.) 1903-1931 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 30, 1912)
Tin: niJNi) iirM.rri.v, w:ni, Wednesday, onroin:i!, no, 1012. page a. - it j Dry Land Farming lljr Prilf. TtlOMIflN Hliuw, KOII.H IN ItltV AKEAH. . '' ' kriu dlvQiirsltin of toll In dry arena will bo essentially popular In kind. Tim attempt will Hot tiu niii(li to ulRKdlfy those aolla on what limy lie termed n strictly soloiitlllo Imsl. Tlmy will lio dismissed on tlui tiusla of thu pupiilnr coni'Diitlon of their lmulliiK chiiraotorlstlcN Milliard hiikki'kIm thu followliiK classifications: (1) koIIh very Knmlyi It) urdlnnry Mundy soil (3) untidy loams; (4) vlny nulla mid (6) heavy clny soil Tim II rut or theso linn from O.r. to 3 per cunt of clny; Ilia second 3.0 to 10.0; (lio third 10 to 15 mid tho fourth 16 to 3f,. Tho present dis cussion will regard them it1 (1) tiUy; (3) tfandyi (3) silt; (i) vol rnnlcnnh; t) khiiiI.o, nnd (0) alkali. It lll be preceded by thu consider ittlou ot some of trio characteristics; peculiar to western nolli and iulA olla mid followed by the discussion of natural production as an Index of kOlls, Hume niariirtrrlstira of Vtcni 8ll The Mill In dry arena frequently differ from those In humid areas (1) In color, (3) In their minora! constituent: (3) In thu supply or ortimilc mntter, nnd M) In their molHturwholdlui; power. In other rrspi-cte they limy tut similar to tho latter, an In thvlr physical consti tuents. The nvriiKO aoll of Ilia Mfssls--alppl vallvy In dark In Its color. Thl U erseutlally tho outcome of tho Inrxo nmount of orssnlc matter which It coiithlriH-1 onn or tho other of It form. One who li familiar only with atioh solla, looka auspiciously on those of tho seml-arld writ. Ho It touch prone jo conclude that they nr also dllTlcult to till. These con clusions are far from correct. Theso nolle, which are usually brown In rotor, with variation, of coure, that are lighter and darker, are much richer In the essential element of pliuit food, especially those that are mineral In character, than tho aoll of humid area, and In many Instan ce It U easier to maintain them In proper condition a to tilth utter they have been broken. The apart chnrncter of tho vettotatlon that frequently Krowa on them In a state of nature Mill further enhaiieea thu rontfiiipi which many persona from humid renlous ohorlati for tint oll of th Ml-ntlit countr) when thuy first see them. Holt In drr rma ar rflitrri rlehor In Hiluldo anlte, alknlle and mineral plant food thin, the toll or humid area. They have nil the mineral oonialnod In thu rock from which tlmy come, and of soluble salts' there may ho oen an accumulation Thoy liavo not been waihixl out n In hu mid nrtHi Tin Muuitie siuca nun alumina which Indicate the availa bility of theso k'I: am about !H tflma greater In the former and about Ltlmea Krtwter In the latter than In thq aoll of humid climate. Soda and maicneala, which up to a certain limit stimulate plant Krowth, are alo plentiful WhKte the accumulation df these I exeeaaUe. vcKtntlon part ly or wholly disappears. Phosphate, potash and lime aro also more npumlaut In dry than In humid olU. It lin oeen cinimeo iiini v iu phate U from 1 to 3 tlmi-a creator land aoll: (1) It miiRt ho enay or tllliiKo. Huch will ho It condition when tho miiiiiI nnd clny coiimIIIiii'IiI tire properly hlouilcd, WcRtnru aoll Imvu iiaunlly enoiiKh aauil n them 'o iiiiiko Hit m cny of tllluito when thoy li ro Htillli'lently molat. Thoy nlao ex cel In micriilntlon, (hat la the loonc nimn or llneneia of tho particle. (2) It mUit ho eiinlly punotrsted by mdlaturo when aubjectod to tho pro cea or tlllnKe. Many oll that nro no llrm a to resist the euy penetrn tlnn or water when not yet broken aro cnally penetrated by tho tame when tilled, a reult or tho I rue t tire or tho mil grain n neither too coano nor to fine. Homo oll nro o flno that throuKli Impaction they retlat tho eaiy penetration or water. Buch are clay or Hue texture. Other oil mny be o open that they loo molature by leachlnK nlinuat a rait a It com to them. Huch are coano jiihiUi, but they aro not very prevalent, (.1) It mud bo nblo to retain uiolature, Thla will follow when tho mull train nru neither too InrKo nor too aumll, too adhealve nor too much filled- with air apace. Tin condition I beit found In aandy loam oil well auppllod with huuiti The deeper that tho noli pom-tvd of thoia properties l, tho inoro mola ture will It contain. Huth a aoll mid ubioll will readily itore n Kood suit ply or molature for further uie, and It will alo furnlah ample fecdliiK Kround for tho root or plant. H) It hould not have In cxcci thoie element that lend to a Kumbo or an alkali condition. Huch aoll aro very hard' to till owlnic to the dlflHthat aro harmful. culty or kcoplnj; them In a proper me chanical condition. (5) They ihould not be to IlKht and fine a to lift with the wind Such a condition would add greatly to the difficulty of cultlvatlui; and cropping audi aoll In dry area. (C) They alioulu not Hon. ir tho Kravol ardm I or Krcat! depth, tho harmful liifluotico refer red to I Inteniiflvd, mid If thn nib noil conalat nltnoit entirely of course annd Kralm, almllnrly ndvoro Inllueuce will follow, It may be ImpUMilhlo In niiiia liutmice to ol tnln Hiitlifactory production from oil thu underlaid, but should ilio imicl or Krnvel bo lnterpored with cluy pnrtlcloN, theao harmful reaultH will bo reduced proportionally to thn extent to which tho clny particle a ro precutj In n mo luitnnce flno clny parti cle nro carried down from tho sur face mid left to mlUKlo with thn tub stiiuceit composlUK tho uboll so a to form it mas thnt I not enilly penetrated by the root of plant. UponliiK up the surface soil so n to admit mora readily tho descent of water will usually help this condi tion, mid It may ho atlll further aided by the decay of deep rooted plant, a those of nlfnlfs, Which to a greater or lesser extent may have penetrated theao soil. 1u soulo Instances, especially In tho coll adjacent to hinder land, aecp Ko water come down from the for mer mid to such an extent a to rlso to the surface at certain season or tho car. These may exclude (ho olr from both oil and subsoil to such an extent aa to prevent growth In the hlRhir forma of vegetation nnd in tome Instances any form or the samo. In soil thu saturated, oxyjtcn, so essential to termination and vlicorous Krowth, I in n Krcat measure ex cluded. In the absenro or this ele ment or tho olr, microscopic ortcan Isius cannot carry on their beneficent work, the decay of plant food I pro portionally retarded and tho forma tion or nitrates I proportionately hindered. Moreover, when tho cop nce waters contain alkali substance, these condition aro intensified, and oftentimes to the extent of excluding all kind or vegetation. Huch a con dition cut) not be remedied 'until drainage ha been effected that will promptly carry away the Ingredient to thrcn time um much n tho clny content In sandy soils. In lomo ii r en i. sandy 'soil have corno from Miid-benrliiK rock which, when de composed, nro not capable of fur nishing clay, henco tho low fertility of these. Hut thla Is nut usually truo of sandy soils In dry nrem, a In arid region expcrlcnco hn shown that these soil nro'a productive ns other good soils when sufficiently supplied with water. This hold good even with arid soils that aro desert In tho absence or irrigating water. Tho sand and silt particle In these aro capable on further re duction or yielding clay. Tho clay particle nro greatly helpful in les sening the space between the soil grain. Many or these particles mny adhere to one grain, and In so far as they do thoy lessen tho tendency to leaching. Handy loam soil and also andy soil cover much ot tho surface or tho (Continued on Pago Four ) lUtlmattt on application Wall Paper at Portland Prices N. P. WEIDER. PAINTER & Paperhanger Cheapest and Beit Wall PPr Sam ple Id the couuty. Get My Prices. Office actc ttirtt from pottoCc Uox 39. Bend, Oregon. tiny Itani Soil. The'so ma be defined as soils that contain approximately from 15 to 20 per cent of clay. They differ from clay soil in the less percentage or tho clay which thoy possess, nnd from andy losms having a lower percent' wash readllv when rainfall la abund- Rl;e of sand. They havo also less ant. This Is one or the weak char-J clny than soils that aro classed simply sclerotica ot many western soils. aa loams. They nr relatively high The particles are to light and so j n their percentago of humus, little adhesive thnt thoy are easily u would seem correct to aay that held In solution nnd hence are easily lcli,y loam soil prevail to n greater carried awny This I often truo of extent on tho grass-covered bench soil that are productive. This toii-'nnds than any other class or soil, dcuey may be lessened In various' This mean that they are tho prlncl wa, but morn especially by adding I pal soil round on tho benches or the hutuiiN to the soil. (?) It should Ihs I'lslns country. Tho Mill that grow rich In plant food not only In tho sagebrush are also frequently or thla tillable portion but In tho kiibaoll. lipu. They aro also fonnd Inter- Thl characteristic I usually present In n marked degree, not only In west ern aolli but also In the sulrtolta that underlie them. rhnriicterUtlcH or KuhMlH. spotted to n considerable extent In tho lutcr-mountaln region, and to oitio extent In tho Great llssln. Tho superiority or clay loam soils Mica first In tho ease with which they rln dry areas tho uhlcal cowtl.J ' ,t1,ll,J- "f'"1 ,n,l,lr. mo. tueuta of Mill and subsoil are fr.' ttirp-hoWlnR powV'r, nnd third In ,. !v ,i.,, .nv. ti. utttin I. their richness In tho elements of plant: true of their chemical cnstutienta , fool!.' It would not 1m ct)rrrt to ay Tho Hurface soils havo more humiu h "" ) llld ,,0111! In them and more t,t the mineral '? wnil-nrld area, hut they aro relay Plant food I in an available form lively easy of tlllnge. becnuso of the Jt.it the difference In theao reaped Vr "lonutng oi ine ciay anu anu Is oft-ntl.n.H, nut ry marked. That l'rtlcle. moro epeclally w.en thoj? It so I very fortunate, as deep sor-ln" f'roperly uppl ed with humus, ago I. thus made for moisture and; Tho motsture-ho ding imwer of ....,!. mui,,,ii.. i. ,.iv. r,.r ,1,,,, course Increases with the humus sup- ..,ii ,n.,i.i..,. Mnmnni uhih Mpri. ply, other tlilofis being equal. ThoJ plant fo.d in aolutlqn uy to tho aur-f " which theo .oil. usualljPi tac.rllI,, It also furoU! deerf 1 1""' M f"" "'''"" .- retiliiIKTOund.rorthaVooUorplhutsl,JW"r-, -f,M "tenth or ga.es Hhould the ub.(.l be dense clay 'nna, "ftJuW I'lant rood. .... .(,.. .,.r.i ,.,. .,,,...i ,.f w.i, r Heavy compact clay arc undetlr- i.i ... ...., i ui.....i.i i, ..liable. Thev are elow lo absorb water V . ,. , ,-M. IM ., WUII1I4 W IHIIUCIVU, 4J,4V,U Ik W I - - . J . Tl' on uio STnrai.il, ii i'"i ,v.u nnr,j.nnn U wotllU bo Bioro effCfta'" Uc o iuo n uj uiKjianui., than 3 time greater, and that lime lDdorl. fihou)d lt TOyt0 tccause or tho readlnes. with which I frequently from 10 to U tlme :.,?. rave, 10 uUHsrd m-Tve- they tmpacfanit form openings In the FIVIUCI, t l 1" ...-. -- ment would 'be entirely cut off or surface which allow moisture toj much lima U present In soinl-arlil v,rtUBy u1. wnen lbe gui,,i eacape. Stiff clays aro composed of, oil. Among tho ''"' VlV' J. ..ct'll thel avurfc i?lT ,1: of . Prtlcl. of the .oil, rrom Its presence are tie following, bt , vbifc- ma ntince4 flvo hundred time O) It nld. ' hV'u,f"v.c"1 lon.Wo ub.ol.7r.t Urynirea. inclOdo "oer tftan sand grains. They nro uo St organic matter Into hutnu. and (hu roowjng. 1) , ,httt- orBJflno that they do not settle readily, wiih hi uiBiijr iii...-.!.. ""-"; underlaid with hard-pan tint Unotfoen nem in .o.uuou. mnlu iHirtlon ot the nitrogen cmtet (rom ho Mrf,w. (2) Ul0I0'aro tilled when wet t i at the yll aj the o)l. (3) In .i; ,, ,, Brav ioftm. nol far Mow courages ho H"w nd action of of un(,ud 'bacterial life, which Is "an Important bacterial we. wuicn i an impunuuv . . ot , character. a"nd Jprwuao successtui production in ury factor In malfTtBlning and developing ""J J,,, jtle clay Inter.ifersed bJ-Htbe ,,ut tho m,M,on o( C,B If theso tolls they becomo so nunestve aa to no aitnosi unworaaoio oa drying. Buch a condition will on icru iv. t '- "" " twoen tho noil grains; (3) subsoil, ntlng mid rendering moro aval able ,mlll.M that the ur not !!"S .LT1V '" . of .e..etrMlon by air or by tho root of pliriK and (4) eubunlla that aro saturated frequently with keep age water that rises to tho surfaco. A hard-pan condition I usually brought about by tho action of lime, which I so abundant In the aoll 6f semi-arid area, and w titer. , Water L carries dowri tho lltrio In solution as far aa It guvs, )mt, owing, to site light precipitation and tho dry. mid hard chnrncter or thu subsoil. It jloca not go vory far, nnd it coca down (o, about tho samo distance from year to year. When tho lowest limit pt vvntor ponetratlo'n I reached, It' com bine with oli,ur aoll, ugred,l,otita and foruiH u layer ot cnlcnreoug material so, rletiBO and lmnj thut It ennpot bo fioiiotratoll easily by tho root of pjantu. Hveu where hut llttlo lime lit ifrWeut, cjtiyoy particles nro work ed down, eo mi to aid in forming o tlrnfv'qn n)dor-aolt that tho roots ot plants mny nut etiHlly pouotroto 1t Huch n condjtjim ot Q nubaoil may rrequentlyibo removed by tllluge-tunt la deep upd Judiciously "blvoli. Such tlllago facilitate tho downward movemont of'wtitor to tin extent that tondiLtp break up the hard-pan oven f ,r,? p tHjUiBtati BOU. J When a grnvo posited not tar distant from tho sur face. It fatillltntoa tho downward movement u water In t,bo.oUanir' cuts off 'tha utiwnra movement, or, ma samo, on tho prluclplo known aa capillarity. lu dry aroaa such a con dition la greatly harmful to vegeta- tho soil through the chemical change which It bring about (4) It tend tp prevent ncjdlty In .tolls where much organlc'niatter I burled In tho same, n condition that I often seri ously detrimental to plant growth In humid climate. In the aeml-arld belt 'tho amour?jv?r lmo present la njlr.llveiy vory'lurge boforo It pri'os liO iroim. In titany" humid climate the appllcaUoiibr lime mny In many lostmicoH bo necessary l order to Inmiro good rvturns-. Jt la seldom necessary to mid llmo, thu to semi nfld noils. Wcilorii aolla nro com pnrutlvely 1V In liuuius, llccnuso otifhlt. It l a iimtter of prime Importmtco Mint tho humus supply lu theso shall bo Increased, If maximum production' I to bo Ob tained from thttul. ', Tho nvolstitre. hoi ill it if pnwor iW inuch of tho oll fa tho seml-nrld 'country la very marked. This follow from the fact: () that whllo It Is atim'clontly por 6ua It, U not unduly looio, a condl t'lou mining from tho character of u sol grultiB wlilcli compoBo It, (8) that It ) posuousud ofJhullH'IMit firm 'Itcluf,, without that unduo Vuntpllda (ion which la aarrler to thWicne tratKm of jn6latjir: (It) llrift'lt, U close grnlnodi bui3iot,ruM toiether; and ho udhuslvo that It cutirtot bo readily pugqtrMod by tho roots of plant, f hla moUturo-holdlng power i rucronie,d ,by. proppr cultlyntlpn ifhd lilcreuBlng,,rtq.VitPy' offhumut fn M toll. " Tho following nro among tho es sential characteristics ot a good dry break up the ImriUpnn oven tees JforlA)ol6Vf 'tho iVrfaoS til J'.t2.s a gravel seam Iibb been ue- partlclct when mixed with coarser soil particles Ib most bonoflcent, since II Increases their richness ana also their niolBture-holdlng power. Haudy Ixam Soli. f Jn dry areas, sandy om aolla arp such as are cpmpoaed of sand parj; ttcloB Intermingled with clay to the extent ot 10 to IS per cent of clay. Tho clay content in tticni is from two Clover Leaf Dairy PURE MILK AND CREAM TELnPMONB and we will deliver S. L. STAATS, Prop. The Star Theatre enn be rented any afternoon for meet ings of all kinde. EXTREMELY MODERATE RATES U. N. Hoffman, Algr. - ----' i i : n :THE: ! ALTAMONT TO THE RESCUE' wHofity DOES' jgsMB noirli js nut Ws wJ'.favt'fotir'Hnsn; but you must not wlwts much Umilsttttn. our rM0u baotlatre p LOVPRICBS, rifiTTERSBRVICB Beiii tearrtaundrvt , :..tl ,u- ,v .2. Put Your Duds In Our Suds" MODERN CLEAN COMFORTABLE " STEAM HEAT ' HQT WATER . BATHS ' First Class DINING ROOM X J. J. KLUIN, Proprietor. I MRS. V. D. CURSEY, Mr. --- -- Billiards u, and Pool Fine an1 PopulaY Line of CIGARS Robert Blackwell Wall -Street, Bend, Oregon XOTICK FOH I'L'IIMCATION Department of tho Interior, U. 8. Land Oniro at Tho Dalle, Oregon, October ICth, 1012. ' Notice Is hereby alven (hat Elmer A. Antes, of Ilend, Oregon, who, on Hoptember 13th, 1911, rnado home stead entry No. 0SM82, for NEW. Hectlon 2R, Township 20 South, Range 10 Kait, Wlllametto Meridian, ha filed notice of Intention to mnke final commutation proof, to estab lish claim to the land above de scribed, before II. O. Bills, U. fl. Commissioner, at his office at Uend, Oregon, on the 30th day of Novem ber. 1012. Claimant name as witnesses: Orlca O. KIiik, Petor Jordan, O. C. noiiklo and W. O. McOulston all or Ilend, Oreicon. C W. MOOHB. 3237 pd Register. NOTICK KOIl PU1IIJCATIO.V Department or tho Interior, U. fl, Land Office at Tho Dalle, Oregon, October 10th, 1012, Notice I hereby Riven that C B. Ilenson, nunrdlsn of Jesse h. Potiifi, of IJcnd, Oregon, who, on Juno 19th, 1007. made homestead entry No. 15642, Rcrlal No. 04113, for NWU. Section 8, Township 18 South, Range 10 L'ast Willamette Meridian, haH filed notice of Intention to mako final flvo year proof, to establish claim to (ho land above dearrlhod, before II. C. Kilts, V. H. Commiss ioner, At his office at Ilend, Oregon, on (he 26th day of November, 1012 Claimant names aa witnesses- C, I. Hrlckson, Oliver Hrlekson of Ilend, Oregon. Oeorgc T. Kltohlng and Ralph' K. Gate, or Roberta, Oregon. C. W. MOORB, 33-37 Roglstor. FOR. SHERIFF NOTWITHSTANDING THE PERSECUTION GOING ON AT PRESENT IN THE COUNTY and STATE, I AM STILL A CANDIDATE for the OFFICE of SHERIFF of CROOK COUNTY T. N. BALFOUR DsMocratlc Nominee and Present Incumbent. (Paid Advertisement.) Shall The Flag Continue to Wave? The reader of this paper do not dream that there la at concerted effort to pall down our flnjc and raise the red raff of anarchy In Its place, but nightly on the street of Port land audi step ore advocated. Women and children are Insulted and forced to ro block out or their way to Totri thtfte foul-montlied transient tramps. Help eliminate them by voting No. 370. Bee Voter' I'ampldet. Kill Him! He is'a Scab-'-' Mow would yon lite your husband, fattier or son, canirt.t 'ly trying to earn til dally wdge. Insulted, hounded andaa Faulted by thooe who, In the name of Unionism camp around the factory In which they are emplojed. , Why should n man be killed for trylns to bo clean and Independent. Read and Vote No. 30M. See Voter' Pamphlet. v Kinployen,' Assn. of. Oregon, W. C. FrancI, Secy. (Paid Advertisement.) If I t4 R.H. DEYAM0ND1 - Ifachke Shopd v parage Wo knovy how to do. oil kinda of Machine Work. TRY US AND SEE, Is Your Wife or Mother Competent? IK) YOU DE.S1RK TO (30 OX KECORIi AS MAINTAIN ING THA TVOUIt WIKK On .MOTH Kit IS NOT SUFK1CI HNTLY INTKLLICENT TO KNOW WIICTHKIt TIIK PKO PLK OP YOUR COMMUNITY WISH Pt'RK OU FOUL IXK)I ANI WATHIt, CLEAN OK FILTHY STREETS, GOOD OU HAD SCHOOLS. HONEST OK DISHONEST LAWS. TtI- t PERANCE OR INTEMPERANCE, PEACE OK WAR, COR ltUlT OR INCORRUITini.ELEOISITORS. IF YOUR, WIFE OR MOTHER CAN JUDGE FOR THEMSELVES IN THESE MATTERS LET THEM HAVE THE CHANCE. Portland Equal Huffrage Iague, Mrs. S. lllrsch, Pre. - Vote X 300 on the Ballot, U'ald Advertisement.) O'DONNELL BROTHERS UNION MARKET FRUIT TREES Our nurs6iy is located on Powell Butte, fourteen miles east of Bend. Our trees are the kind we recommend after over thirty years experience in the fruit business in this neighborhood. Our prices and treatment will please'you. Catalog free on request' Come and see our orqhards and nursery. Office address, Prineville, Ore. LAFQLLETTE NURSER.Y CO. P A TENTS VAt.UAM.lt WVOIIWATIQ? PRKK If you hivt au Intention or any psttnt matter, writs Immediately to W, W. NVRIOIIT, rejUtered atlonicy Loan ftTrust Bldf . Wsshlngtoa.S.C. J. 11. MUSOROVB W, F. SCHMIDT ft, ""WINES THE LOTUS BAR " "" Schmidt Mvwsroye, Prop. LIQUORS ONLY THE BEST OROOODS HANDLED A CIOARS 43 f V rtnnf) Street '" T ' J ' ' u t ( it "--- T ' " M, , 4 iRssd. Ortrsi r" '' m jtmOlukSkikV MtUtiABCSSl tSJSSSSSBSSSSJSBBP. 'W(RFf Ik.