N
WHEN BEND PARK
IS SOLD OUT
1 ' Hi
- ! '
you will regret you did not select your home
site while you could have your choice at ..
present prices and terms. Bend Park ., ,
will always be the best residence
portion of the city, because , - ,
within its boundaries is "" .
the prettiest property in the
city, it is admirably platted with .
wide streets and large lots. Beautiful
view of the perpetually snow covered
mountains, and restricted to HOMES ONLY
Bend Park Company
R. G. SHRADER, Local Agent, Bend, Oregon.
General Offices, 800-801 Empire Building, Senttle, Wash.
or, Paulsen Bldg., Spokane, Wash.
or, Portland Hotel, Portland, Oregon,
RE
BIG JOBS
W ON CANAL
LOCKS, DAM AND CUT
DESCRIBED
Paying 1'nnnmn Hills Mho Import
ant Ben Iicrel l'lqn Tried and
abandoned Method of Con
structlon Marrels of Ingenuity
Dr GEOItGE PALMER PUTNAM.
The "big Jolts" on the Panama
Canal, concerning which this letter
U scheduled to deal, are many. The
clrll administration Itself is a colos
sal and unique task, for the Canal
Commission has an army of some
30,000 workers red their families
and dependents to govern, as wc'l i
too Canal Zone territory, which with
Its Hi square miles, makes a very
fair sired state for any body to look
after.
The chlot engineering jobs that
stand out as bigger and more funda
mentally important, and are most
picturesque, are the locks, the Qatun
Dam and Culebra Cut. In addition
there are lesser cuts, smaller dams,
breakwaters, harbors, and a multi
tude of bis Jobs worthy of Interest
and admiration.
Of course tbo really biggest Job
of all, the planning and working put
of the intricate details, was done
years ago; at least, the greatest part
of all that Is an accomplishment of
the past. Another all-important
task Is paying for the ditch; the
American tax payers have done that,
to the tune of about 1370,000,000.
Btlll another "big Job" is the sani
tation of tho isthmus; that will be
treated In the sixth Bullotln article.
Sea Level Canal First.
When tho French undertook to
dig tho canal back In the eighties,
their first Intention was to construct
ft sea level waterway. That is,
their vnuliucra thought they r.ttjd
put thniutii a ditch from on 9 rre&n
to the other at sea level, without tho
necessity pf making locks. Defore
they Anally quit, bankrupt, they had
modified the plan and decided to use
locks, for as tho work progressed
they found that the task of digging
A ditchdeep enough to pass on grade
through the hills of tho Isthmus was
enormously cxpcnslvo and practically
Impossible.
When tho United Statos took hold
In 1901, tbcro was somo talk of mak
ing our enterprise sea lovol. This,
however, was abandoned.
Klx Double Iocks.
Thcro will be six doublo locks In
tho Canal, three lifts and three to
lower vessels passing through, tho
maximum lift and lower being 86
feet The fact that they aro "doublo"
means that each "step" Is In dupli
cate, so to speak, so that vessels may
go up and down through tho samo
series simultaneously.
Tho lock chambers aro 1000 feet
long and 110 feet wide, with walls
and floors of concrete, and masslvo
mltorlng steel gates at each end. Tho
sldo walls are CO feet thick at tho
floor," thence narrowing upward, In
stops, to an eight foot thickness at
the 85 foot high top. Tho mlddlo
wall, which separates the two locks
of the samo flight, Is 00 feet thick.
In tho mlddlo wall, and In tho sldo
walls and under the floors, aro great
culverts through which the water
will tie let Into and drained from the
lock chambers, as It Is desired to
ralso or lowor ships In them. A
great saving In water is effected by
transferrin!; it from one lock in a
flight to Its mate; that Is, when one
lock Is drained, and a vessel Is to bo
raised in it to the higher level, the
water which Is being lowered In the
adjoining chamber will bo let Into
tho empty chamber, thus using the
same water for a double work.
Electricity Does Work.
The lock gates are seven feet
thick and of steel and are 65 feet
long and from 47 to 82 feet high.
They weigh from 300 to 600 tons
each, and will be operated with elec
tric power generated by turbines
from tho waters of Gatun Lake.
As soon as a ship entors the lock
approaches It will no longer use Its
own engines but w)ll bo taken charge
of by four electric locomotives, which
operate on tracks beside the lock
walls. These tow It Into position
and Into and from the chambers, two
acting as tows and two as brakes to
hold back as occasion demands.
A hint of tho enormity of tho threo
double locks at Gatun Is contained
In the fact that approximately 4,200,
000 cublo yards of concrote, requir
ing about the same number of barrels
of cemont, will be used In that con
struction alone,
Gatun Pom Hugo.
Tbo extent of the great Gatun Dam
and Jta Importance In the Canal plan,
were touched upon In the last article.
Tbo dam, tho reader will remem
ber. Is about 1 miles long, and
Impounds a lake over, which steam
ers will travel for some SCfmiles on
their trans-Isthmian Trip, at' a lerol
85 feet atiavo each ocean.
Thcro Is nothing striking about tho
dam but lis great slzo. It has no
peculiar engineering features, but Is
simply a hugo hill Into which some
20.000,000 cubic yards of material
will havo been dumped by tbo tlmo
it Is completed, next year.
Tho way they build tho dam Is
simple At Its base It Is about half
a mile wide. On each edgo "toes"
of rock were dumped, making heavy
sustaining walls, so to speak, which
gradually slopo inward toward the
center as they wero built upward.
Dotwoon these walls was pumped
mud by suction dredges.
l-riKTit Ditch In World.
Of all tho features of the Canal,
Culebra Cut Is probably tbo most Im
pressive. Tho Cutebra Cut Is tho ditch which
Is being dug through tho continental
divide, and Is longer and deeper than
auy ditch that over has been dug. It
is approximately nine miles long,
and for sovoral miles has an average
depth of more than 280 feet, while a
maximum depth of 320 feet Is
reached In sovoral places. The
amount of material that Is to be
oxcavatod from Culebra Cut totals
about 186,000,000 cubic yards.
Previous to tho advent of the
Americans tho French company had
done a lot of excavating, shout 29,.
000,000 yards of which has proved
useful to us.
Digging the Cut has been chiefly
a matter of persistency. The biggest
problem has been to trapiport the
dirt and rock from tho stoara shovels
to dumping places. John F. Stevens
made his most Important mark at
Panama by solving this problem,
which was essentially a railroader's
work. Today there are more' than
200 miles of track In the Cut, upon
which dirt trains operate contin
uously, hustling long, strings of load
ed flat cars from tho shovels out of
the Cut at each end.
Much of the material has gqno
Into Gatun Dam, 26 miles away, and
much Into the breakwaters on the
Pacific side, some dozon miles
distant.
Devices re Clever.
Now, howovcr, the majority of tho
"spoils," as thoy call tho excavated
material, Is simply used for genoral
fills of swamps and low lands.
A clever device that saves much
labor in the unloading of tho flat
cars is an automatic shovel which is
pulled by a cablo tbo length of tbo
train of "flats," spilling from them
all the dirt as it s drawn up to tbo
engine by a spool. It Is estimated
that on each train' four hours tlmo Is
saved over band labor and about $80.
Instead of shifting track by hand
there Is a mechanical track shifter,
which picks the construction track
up bodily, and swings It, ties and all,
to tho tloatroil position, Tilts, of
courso, Is chiefly on big nils, whorO
tho dirt la bolng constantly worked
to one sldo.
In cunnoQtlon wlththo oxcnvntlon
In tho Cut It Is chnrncterlstlo of the
gonoral olllolonoy to nolo that ovory
loaded car runs down hilt; nil curs
on tho Paclflo sldo of tho grndo
divide go toward tho Pacific, and nil
on tho Atlnntlo sldo toward tho
Atlantic.
Canal Army Next Week.
Hut tho most Interesting feature of
tho Canal Is not tho construction
work, but the workers. In noxt
week's Hullotlu tho life of tho "tuon
on tho Job" will bo described.
High Quality T.a.
A verdict in favor or hlah quality tea
as a harmless drink Is given by the
London Lancet. It Is potuted out that
when cofff ln and tannin are In a stnte
of combination the harmful sttrin-
gent qnallttts of the tnnnln disappear
and the bitter taste of free caffeine Is
not perceptible. Teas of high quality
yield, as a rule, a stmpl Infusion' of
caffeine Unnnt. not of caffeine or of
tannin, and such teas roust be regard
td as the roost desirable from a phys
iological point of view. Kxcctslve In
fusion, It is stated, will spoil n good
tea, but eren a short infusion of a
bad tea may be as objectionable as an
excessive Infusion of good tea. On
physiological grounds, therefore, the
consumer of high quality teas runs
teas risk of digestive disturbances pro
vided the tea Is made properly.
UKWAIU).
Fifty dollars will bo pnld for ovl
donee loading to tho conviction of
any person or persona placing rooks
or other obstructions In tho nmlii
cnnnl or any of tho laterals of tlio
Deschutes lleclamalton and Irriga
tion Company, gouurnlly known nn
tho Bwnlloy Ditch.
DUHOUUTKB UKOLAMATION &
1UHU1ATION COMPANY,
lly J. 11. llonhntn, President, In
Tho heat of service makes limes A
Davidson's lwrlwr shop tho most H
nlar ono In Homl.
" - 'Jen:
N. W. Schiebiff
a to.
a P. NIHIVONOKU
Licensed Undertaker and Krolwlmer
Kir Avonuo Telephone
1IKND, OllEUON.
. General -
Contractors
:: AND BUILDERS. Ui
llnnn Furnished on Short
Notice.
Villi.
BEND, OKEGON.N"t
to '
t,(j
"T"" I " ' l tiiii i
Anelsnt GultUbooks.
Ouldcbooks for Ihe ne of pilgrims to
Rome, knowu to exist In a rudimentary
form since the time of Charlemagne,
took a deflnlto and characteristic shape
in Uio twelfth century with the MDo
scriptlo Plonarla Totlus Utbls" and
with tho "Oraphla A urea" of tbs thir
teenth. Tho Institution of the Jubi
lees In the year 1800. calling to Homo
hundreds of thousands of wayfarers,
opened a new market for descriptive
literature on the Holy City, and new
editions "Do Mlrablllbua" wero pro
duced at least four times each cen
tury, 'London Athanaeum.
------ "M
Under New Management
Mi
!
THE PILOT BUTTE INN ffi
UBND'S LUADINO IIOTI3L "JJ
Is now In charge of E. D. Duller, ru manager. Kjjj
First Claari Service nnd tho Comfort of Guestn, it our Mono. Ve j
FRBB AUTO Between Hotel d Depot.
ire
rrttti
..0!j
A CsmparUen.
That was a tempestuous outburst
of oratory our friend Indulged In,"
said one statesman.
Tempestuous' is the word," replied
the other. "Wbeniror be makes a
ipeecb It makes me think of a cyclone
that has somehow learned to arttcu
lite." Washington Star.
Leave Your Next Order
With Us.
Wo aro now In position to deliver to nny part of tho city.
OUR STOCK IS NEW
OUK GOODS AKE FftESH
OUR PRICES ARE RIGHT
L. B. MISENER
Cash Grocery. ,
Evcrson Building, Greenwood Ave., Rend, Oregon.
agSSSeSSSSBBSBBBBSSBBBEBSSEBSBBSSBBSSSSSSBSBSSSBSBBBBBSBBBBSBSBBSBBBBSSa
Kts Engaging Rsmsrk.
sir. Dumbead Nelsuu was coming
lo call, but 1 told him you would bo
ingsged this evening
Miss Olemade (rapturously) Ob,
Wllllsml-Princeton Tiger."'
A CHOICE
OF STYLES
!"BBBBBBsfc.4 JSSBBbCbBBBBBBBBBBBbI
We Deliver the Goods
BUS AND DRAY LINE 8
LIOHT AND HEAVY LIVERY.
liny, Rnrlcy, OnU. Whent nnd Rrnn at lowost price.
Tho Largest Rnrn in Control OreKon.
WENANDY LIVERY CO.
Bend, Oregon.
J. II. WENANDY LON L. FOX
w
bill!
nftl
tru.
frfic
fna
'tlie
if
lior
:tllOl
O'DONNELL BROTHERS
Is always demanded by Uio
stylish dresser, nnd wa
enter to this discrimination
by keeping nil styles in
stock for tho season. Wo
would like to show you
somo stunning creations
from the best hat factories,
with wldonnd narrow brim,
high nnd low crowns, in
nil size, nnd In nil shades
too.
UNION MARKET
A. L. FRENCH
Oregon St., Bet. Wall and Bond.
For Sale
or Lease
FREMONT CASH STORE,
General Merchandise, $3000.
Also Hotel and Feed Bam,
and up to 400 acres of land,
J at a Bargain!
Owner sick and must sell.
Address
J. B. FOX
Fremont, Oregon,
V
n
tcfli
Ttf
raft
4
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M'
(lr
LUMBER!
Our special price has brought us
so much business we will
continue it. We sell
Rough lumber at the mill $ 10 N
Rough lumber, delivered $ 1 1 M
You can telephone your orders.
Bend Brick & Lumber Co. I
i
"A Little Bcller Lumber for a Utile Less Aloncy."
wh
jend jYachine hop !
All Kinds of Saw Mill and Farming
R-E-P-A-I-R-S
" i i
We Carry a targe Stock of
Auto Repairs and Supplies
'"i, hi
Wall St,f "next to Opera House