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,1
THE BEND BULLETIN
I "Pore very man a square dc.nl, no
'tc nnil nil mnro."
ess nnJ no more.
r.rr,x x.
ROWlt.
.'HARLHS t).
....ItMTOR.
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RIPTION RATK8:
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FRlb'AV, MARCH 29. 9a?.
5TUDIUS IN IRRIGATION.
, tIic lhillctiii x?mttieti(?w this
.week the ftublictitfodfa setlcs of
articles ou I'lrrfenttoli in l'ruit
.rowing" written by K. J Wick
son, M. A, jirofcssor pF ARricullur
al Practiu3,.tyHvtjrxity of Califor
nia, and Horticulturist of the Cnli
jornia Experiment StHtion. The
scries will include a discussion, of
the relations of irrigation and culti
vation, adequate cultivation, ade
quate moisture, retentive soil, deep
f.oil, when Js irrigation desirable,
effects of insufficient liioisturc, when
shall wutcr be applied, winter, sum
tner and fall irrigation. Kacli topic
is treated in its relation to success
ful fruit grooving, and .will prove of
great val(t'c to irrigators In the Bend
country, inasmuch, as many of them
nre now planting orphardH and vine
yards of no sniall size. Trust
worthy information., obtainable at
the very beginning of the ,rUit in
dustry in 4this. .section,, is doubly
valuable, as It helps ti proctlre the
adoption of proper methods from
the start.
Later The Bulletin expects to
publish, under its. irrigation depart
mqjt, some very cresting and in
UUctlv9,afticefi ,99 "Evaporation
JLosseiirjJrptiijri and Water Re-;uircr$f-nts
of Crops." ( These. nrt-des-wijl,
treat of the influence of
cultivation after irrigation,, in flu
sneps of soil mulches in checking
evaporation, the advantages and
disadvaptagesfOfJAhallow anddcep
irrigaUon, fti,ater a few ex.peri
inentii as to c amount of writer
.needed for barley and wheat. Thio
scries wilt close with "loss of water
by evaporation and means of check
ing it"
Other good things under the irri
gation department in store for read
ers ol The Bulletin will. be atticles
on alfalfa rrrowinrr, irrigation of
strawberries, and reports from vari
ous experiment station work, per
haps a little more tbaii . has already
been printed in this department on
the construction of small irrigation
ditches, and many other interesting
irrigation notes from week to week,
as time and, space permits.
It is the 'intention to make this
irrigation department the most val
uable feature of The Bulletin. W-'th
that object in view, any articles
giving results of different methods
of irrigation that have been used in
this sectidn, written by upper Des
chutes valley people, will be gladly
received. Undoubtedly there ate
those who have derived much Valu
able information from their own ex
perience. The result of their work,
published in The Bulletin, would
U: of great value to many. Let us
'iave more oi-such articles.
,.' ' f
PROTECT SETTLfeRS' INTERESTS,
. Governor Chamberlain and the
(jther members of the state laud
board are acting' in a praise-worthy
manner in teif action to force the
polumbia Southern Irrigating Com
pany to fulfill ita contract with the
state and furnish the., settlers .ou.its
segregation an adequate irrigation
system, That is wha the c'oinpany
contracted to do. It and its pre
decessors have collected no small
sum of money from .purchasers of
its ditch lands, have induced settle
raeut thereon, and should be forced
to "make good" or step aside aud
let some other company carry on
the work of reclaiming the fertile
lands, of this excellent project.
, puriflg the last yflar rhere .has
jeen mttcli complaint by thesettlenr
against the company, and those in
a position to know haVc claimed
the company was not acting in
good faith, that there was trickery
and Underhand methods being em
ployed. Hence, the decision of the
lrinll board to force the company to
a ptiper fulfilment of its contract
receives the commendation of many
in this region. It indicate. that
the board is working tor the
people's interests and that the
rights of the settlers will be atujily
protected.
In this connection it is only fair
to caution the tmblic not to gc't (lie
two companies, operating in this
section muter the Carey Act, con
fused in thejr minds. Tile cottipa
uy in trouble, the Colli fiiifla South
ern Irrigating Compaiiy, has its
segregations on the west side of the
Deschutes river and obtains its
water from Tiiuicllo creek. The
other and larger company, The
Deschutes Irrigatibn & Power
Company, operates on the cast side
of the Deschutes and diverts its
water from that river. There is
no complaint lodged against this
latter coriipauy and everything is
harmonious between it, the settlers,
and he state laud board. With
the two coui'HUiies operating in
practically the same section this
distinction should be clearly borne
in ihjnd. The Deschutes Irriga
tion & Power Company, with its
segregations surrounding Redmond
and Bend, is living up to its con
tract in good faith.
PAYMENT OF POLL TAX.
There are those living in the
Tumalo section who object to a re
cent order oi.the county court that
requires a cash payment of the poll
la-cMclaimtng that they should be
allowed to work out this tax. The
Bulletin has been asked for infor
mation as to whether such an prder
is valid and can be enforced. It re
fers ils readers to page 275, Sec. 39,
General Laws of Oregon, 1903:
hKCTlo.V 39. Kvcry male Inhabitant
of thU state ocr 31 year anil under 50
Jen- of age. unlet by law exempt, alull
"iUiually pay a read poll tax ol f J.'oo,
which lll be collected iscXift by the
road Mipervisorof the ilUtficl' in which
any person liable therefor reside
This act is now in force unless it
was amended by the last legislature.
The Bulletin is not now in posses
sion of any information to that ef
fect. It is thus seen that the couu-,
ty court is pnly obeying the law ,
when it requires a cash payment ol J
poll tax. This may work a slight
hardship oil those better able to
work out the tax, but there is rid
other alternative.
Ttiere's NEWS in The Bulletin.
II
r:
Crook County Realty Co.
Real Estate Bought and Soli
Llfo and Accident
INSURANCE.
OFFICII l! nULLKTIN SCILDINO ((MO. OaFOOW
. UKCUUI1 !
mioipr Line
and UNION PACIFIC
TO
Salt Lake
Denver
Kansas City
Chicago
St. Louis
New York
Oonn Steamers between Portland
and San Francisco every five days.
Tickets to atld from all parts of
the tftiitcd States, Candda and
Euldiie.
For particulars, call on or address
jas. Ireland, Agt
The Dalles, Or.
Problems That Confront The Irrigator.
Irrigation in Fruit Growing
I'rom iVum-j-' lluUclln N. IW, Ii-1 1) llw
V. t lK!KUtnicitU)I.V,ilciiUut-.
iKTKOtmCVtON.
Throughout a considerable area
of the t'nitcd States irrigation is iu
disptusiblc to the growth of fruit
Throughout a greater area irriga
tion is essential 10 the growth of
fruit Uf the highest quality and
market Value. Throughout u still
greater area the availability of irri
gation Is a surety against occasional
losses of crops and injury to trees
and Vines through drought. There
are no data for accurate definition
of these particular areas, but it is n
fact, never so generally appreciated
as at the present time, that the fruit
grower in all except it few of the
most humid regions of the country
may look upon u water supply,
available for use when desired, as
an clement of great value and an
assurance of safety in his business
enterprise Kvidcntly the so-called
"arid West" is no longer to stand
alone in proclaiming the advantage
of irrigation. Wherever fruit crops
were injured or lost bv the long
drought of the .summer of 1S99
there may be found testimony of
the benefit which would have ac
crued if the grower had been ready
to regulate his soil moisture by ir
rigation. For this reason the art
of irrigation is becoming far more
than a sectional question in this
country, and the knowledge of it
which has been gained by u half
century of experience in one section
becomes of direct practical advan
tage in nearly alt sections. The
time has ccme when fruit growers
everywhere must understand the
elementary facts, at least, of the re
lation of irrieation to fruit produc
tion and of the development, distri
bution, and uie of water iu horti
cultural enterprises.
It should be an inspiring reflec
tion to an' American that he need
not seek abroad for the best irriga
tion methods in the growth of
fruits. The irrigation pioneers of
the far West ransacked the) whole
Mediterranean region ' of Europe
and Africa and farther India for ex
ample and suggestion and found
little which 'American insight and
ingenuity could not improve. The
result has been that during the last
decade commissioners from nearly
all governments having possessions
suitable for fruit production have
made' personal examination 0 f
American methods and have com
merided them for superior capacity
and efficiency. It is not contended
that America has the greatest1 irri
gation enterprises of the world
Such comparison Js beyond the
scope of this writing. - But for irri
gation enterprises as applied to
fruit, it is- claimed that there are
none so great nor so rationally and
effectively methodized as those of
this country. For all these reasons
it is thought that the farmers and
fruit growers of the United States
may be interested in a general
statement, in as compact a form as
possible, of the relations of irrigfl
tion to fruit production, and' of irri
gation methods, as they have been
demonstrated by Pacific coast ex
perience, to the end that resource
to irrigation, wherever it may be
found desirable, may be facilitated
and promoted,
IRRIGATION WITHOUT CULTI
VATION. A brief historical Illustration is
instructive, as showing how con
ceptions of the necessity and desir
ability of irrigatibn in fruit crow-
ALFALFA SEEDING.
In iMir Summer or I'all Fur llruluna
Sunlit of Cltlcnui.
Wliero thirty-nix Im-lie bt ' ruin or
nioru fulls iilfnlfa xliould lit) vwilml In
Aiicllxt or iMi-ly In Ht-iHciiiliur In Ihu
northern hUIim moiiHi ut (t llim drawn
cant nnil wwt llirontih flilcMK". Till,
has ItHtii iirnvod to lw (rue fur mi twit
Kauwirf, loivu mid llllii'iU uuil lx prob
ably trim nil IIiihukIi lliu Nuetloii iiiiiiumI
clear to tint Atlantic oroun. TIih mlu
filll Ik ifood; tho hiud him livon imdur
cultivation for iimny your uml U whII
lllkil with Wfod M-edit. I'ndi-i- I liewi
condition MjirlnK mucUhI tiirulfu liax 11
hard liuht Willi wdrf, cruli urnmt nnil
fox full mid in 11 majority of ninox In
el tins- hputuii or thu hIhiiiI U tliln.
AVIth full mknIIii;; an r.riy iti cim bo
tukuii on, tint alfalfa mtled nud llirco
6r four (T0J--1 of Iimj- (..iIIutihI tlio next
year, no tlnio 1uIiik Int.
'I!id 1oji frw iJiitPj: lUlliiu and
ing may change and how ill placed
is any prejudice for or against irri
gntion ns such. The Spanish this
sionarivs who entered Callforuiu
from Mexico in 17G1) established
fruit gardens nud vineyards with
irrigation facilities tit about 15
points along about .oo miles of the
coast region of the state. They laid
off their plantations in old Spanish
style and proceeded upon the as
sumption that fruit could not be
grown in California without irriga
tion. The foui adventurers, sailors
and trappers who came to the state
during the lirst liitlf or tills century
adopted the missionary view of the
case, aud most of them, having
licit her energy nor ambition tu de
velop aud distribute water, lived
u'xut beet and beans with Mich oc
casional indulgences in wine and
truits as they could get froul the
missions. There were a few who
emulated the example of the padres
but were content to accept their
methods o f frequently running
water through permanent ditches
to the uncultivated orchard or vine
yard. This was the first concep
tion of irrigation ns essential to the
growth of fruits iu a country with
a rniutcss summer.
CULTIVATION WITHOUT JUKI
OATtON. Soon after thegoM discovery and
the arrival of Americans iu multi
tude, it was seen that tillage of the
surface soil prevented evaporation
to such an extent that fruit trees
and vines could make great growth
and bear heavily with such mois
ture nn was conserved iu the soil
from the rainfall of the Wet season.
It was a great surprise that trees
coukl do this even though no rain
fell for several months, and a sharp
reaction irotn the old Spanish con
ccption of constant Irrigation re
suited. It was then claittwd that
irrigation was unnecessary and that
thorough sunncc cultivation during
the dry season would produce bet
ter fruit than irrigation. This was
the second conception, viz, that ir
rigation was not only not essential,
but was an injury to fruit even in a
country with a rainless summer,
and that regions which would pro
duce fruit without irrigation en
joyed a very superior natrrral en
dowment which could'iilinrdly be
overestimated. For' many years
the conflict between the advocates
of irrigation aud'nonirrigatiou con
tinued. Mcuitiinc experience was
teaching valuable lessons. It was
found that in some soils and situa
tions the nouirrigation policy failed
to secure satisfactory crops of good
fruit and that a properly regulated
irrigation practice succeeded in do
ing it. It has required nearly a
quarter of a century of trial and dis
cussion to arrive at the true, ration
al nud practical demonstration of
the matter, which is that du ample
moisture supply, available all
through the growing season, is nec
essary to the best work of the fruit
tree or vine, without regard to
whether that moisture comes from
rainfall or irrigation; that irrigation
or nouirrigation may be right or
wrong according to the conditions
faf soil or season or rainlall or the
kind of tree. They may be both
right and wrong iu the same local
ity in the same mouth, The long
process of inquiry, experiment and
observation by which this conclu
sion was reached involves proposi
tions of universal applicability, the
demonstration ol which is of Im
portance to operators iu both arid
and humid regions and affords a
motive for the present discussion.
(To l,e continued.)
hoavliiK out Im much liw ulicru nlfnlfa
W hoivii In tint Into Hiiiniiior, It Miould
Im win 11 early viioiikIi to inuko olnlit to
tn liiclitM of Krim-th Iwforo Ihu ground
freoo. In ovury ItiHtniu-w known to
llio writer of 11 trlul hotiveim full and
NprlMir Ktwdliiu thu full xeodhiK lion kIv
(11 thu thlelnwt .Htilliil. (ho HtromroHt
I'IhiiIh mid tho hiMvltwt yield of huy
llitt nxt mtumrti lifter tho eeilln.
Whore' mii onrjf eroji of polatotm or
Kildou Intel; Aon ho Inkoii off In tltnri
thu around uliutild not ho flowed, hut
levcjod, aud tho mirfueo lluod. This
iiuikeg mi lilwal mmsI hod.
Hurl; nalH and muull Krnliicuii l)OCit
for liny or hiirvonted for urnln'.lf thoy
rlpou In time. Thu Kroiitid ilmiihi' bo
plowed ut oiivo mid well ImrrAvf d onch
day 11 flint art idowod. After llio
IilowliiK Iuih heon lllllfhod lli ' tho
ground for iilfulfii nud wait for ii.uood
ruin. After thin eofnih 'lftrr(uv (tUnlii
aiid'llfcnuow.-ll Al f'ottrell in Itural
Now Yorker,
Bccnuso wo fo selling tho snmo and bettor
quality nt ft tlosormnrgln is n vory good
roason Why you will find our storo tho
best, placo to btty anything in tho lino of
Groceries, Drygoods, Furnish
ings, Shoes, Hardware, Sash and
Doors, Paints and Oils
The PINE TREE STORE
II. A. 8ATIIHU, iMlOPRIIirOU
, - : r TT- ;
A Conillctc
DRV
At Uend,
Oregon.
RotiKli, Surfaced nud Alotiltlcd
-LUMBER-
All Widths, LcilHths and Thicknesses
INCH COMMON
MMUNSION
SIIII'I.Al
RUSTIC
T. iSc O. FIsOORINO
Rcasoiinblc "KADKU CKIUNO Lumber
WINDOW JA.MUS- Delivered at
Prices WINDOW CASINO L r,,
flood HHAD 1II.0CKS ii..i,,i L
U0U O. C. UASKUOARU 0"
Qrades STAIR TRHADS n n 1 il
rjry WATF.R TAIII.K IlieD. I. 4 1.
V J 0. 0. nATTINS . ?' 0.r,r
Slock MOULDINGS The C S). I. Co.
1. II. I). i'ATKNT ROOFING
FKNCli. tJICKUTS
shinglUs
KTC, F.TC.
custom pnnli aiill in connection,
The
Pilot Butte Development
I BEND,
" -
ns, -
PROFESSIONAL CARDS
C. S. BENSON.w
ATTORNEY AT LAW
Bend, 1 - Oregon.
W. P. MYERS
LAND ATTORNEY
T1 YMrt ipMttt Itartkr tiftoir thr I'. K
Mini IJITiCf uml liwilmnil uf Ihr ItiUftve.
AIo W)f ! -tll
OfTlCC, I.AIDI.AW, OKU.
y. C, COE, M. D.
Physician and StirjJUon
Ol'FICK OVI'.K DANK
Till Wlflbt CTclepbone Conltcctldn
DAY TJILKl'IIONI! NO. 21
miND 0KKR0N
DR. I.jU SCOFIELI)
DENTIST
IIHNI), 0KKR0N
OfTire in roldene on Invllioriif Ave.
R. D. WICKIIAM
Attorney - at - Law
Ol'lMCI! tii HA.VK IIIIII.IIIMl.
IIKNI), - OltKCON
- --- , . -
IMiiimikI II, Kli'e ,' V. II. OiMrln, Jr
. jit K. Kollacl. t
King, aucrln & Kollock
ATTORNnVS-AT-LAW
(iFm'iMti
Hank IIiiIIiIIhk Ilciul, Oinmi
61a McKay lllilg-., rottUn.l, (tiii
flpMlol iillcul()ii ttlvrii la qut.tluin rcltlliiK la
Water, .aiiifaml (Icutral Cui'ratltM Tw.
l'KACTICK IN AM. l'ltMlPAl, ANM STATU
COUUTH.
rTciicral Practice
Stock ol
At Hetid,
OrcKUii.
OREQON
M. V. TURLEY, M. D.
IMiyslcInn nud Surgeon
Ufl'ICKIV JdllNHIN HI.IMI. OKVAI.t.irr.
IIKNI), OUIiOON
J. II. IIANIiR, :
ABSTRACTER of TITLES
NHINXRV I'l'IIMC
ll Ih.hmik. IJI iMHrnw. y Howl.,
UUl HtUit. CtVTyHciii(
MHUKVII.I.K. OKItflllfi
THE
First National Bank
of Prlniivillc.
lUtidilliilied iNHM.
Cnpltnl, Surplus nnd 'lHdlvldcil
Profits, $l(K),000.0() .
II. I'. AIUm
Will Wurtmrllff
T. M, Ii.MkIii .. ,
II. liAlUnln.
.. . .. .lf(W(,il
.. .'lp I'imMiiiI
Ca.iiltr
. t.l.luiil Ca.litcr
; r TIIOROUaillJKHIl
Poland China Boar
POR SERVICE
. - ' if i
Black Laiigslians'"-
Stock mid IIkjjs for Sale
' ' " H. C. PARK '
KHrfMOND, . OKKOON
C H. ELLiS
Carpenter and guilder
Till! OOUm.v RU,lt III MV
MOTTO '
IWvitl.TTl.S tuJSSfe,,,;
OKKUON
01U1UON
P
1