Grants Pass daily courier., January 10, 1920, Page 3, Image 3

H ITI KliAY. JANI AIO io. lirJO.
*
■ ml • I moat certain to break up under the Mitprem» war council, and ! at once
Hires* of defeat, with the consequent conferred on the term» of till» note,
with the result that the secretary rec­
mutual rrcrlm'millon.
Again. then- was no doubt that Ilia ommended to the president that Joint
realization by the German people that note No. IS he approvati In the follow­
Contiti litui from Pag« 2)
Independent American divisions, corps, ing aense:
"The purpose of the American gov­
or nriuleH were In the field with deter­
posed to the offensive.
To guiirS mined purpose would be 11 severe blow ernment I» to render the fullest co­
■galo»t thia, the basla of Invtructlon to Grrmnn morale ami prestige. It wu» operation and »Id, »ml therefore the
■hould be essentially the offeualvo I also rertnln that an early appearance recommendation of the rnllltn*y rep­
both In Mplrlt »nd In practice. The of the larger American units on the resentative» with regard to the pref-
defensive 1» acctqded only to preporo 1 front would be moHt beneficial to the erentlul transportation of A merle» ti
for future offemflve."
«.
Infantry »nd machine gun unit» In
morale of the allies themselves.
The long [terlod of trench warfare
Accordingly, the first dlvlalon, <»n the present emergency Is approved
bn.! so Impressed Itself upon the Jan. 10. 1018, took over u sector north Much units, when trarisfMirted, will be
French »nd Brltlwli that they hud al- of Tool: the twenty-algth dlvlalon went under the direction of the coniriitttid
most entirely dispensed with training \ to the KolHHona front early In Febru­ er In chief of the American expedi­
for open wnrfure. It was to avoid ary; the forty-second division entered tionary forces, nnd will be assigned
this result In our army nnd to encour­ the line m*nr Lunevllle, Feb. 21. and for training and use by him In Ills dis­
He will one these and all
age the offensive spirit that the fol­ the second division near Verdun, cretion.
lowing waa published In October, 1917: March 18. Meanwhile, tlo* first army other military forces of the Uniteli
"The above methods to be employed corp» headquarters. Major Gen Hunter States under' Ills command In such
murt remain or become distinctly our Liggett commanding, wns organized at manner as to render the greatest mili­
tary assistance, keeping In mind al­
own. .
«
Neufchateau on Jan 20. nnd the plan
ways the determination of this gov­
"All ItiHtructlon must contemplate to create an Independent American sec
the asNumptlon of a vigorous offen- tor on the Lorraine front was taking ernment to have Its varied military
forces collected at} speedily as their
■Ive.
This purpose will be empha- shape.
■laed In every phase of training until
This was the Nltuatbm when the training and the military situation per­
1t becomes u settled habit of thought. great German offensive was launched mits. Into an Independent American
army, acting In concert with the
“Tlie rifle und the bayonet are the on Mar.-li 21. 1018.
armies of (.real Britain and France,
principal weapons of the Infantry sol­
Figured on 21 Dlvlalon».
nnd all arrangement» made hy him
dier. lie will be trained to » high
The war department planned a* for their temporary training nnd
degree of skill a» a markamnn, both
early ns July, 1017. to send to France service will he mnde with that end In
on the target runge and In field firing.
by June 15. 1918, twenty-one divisions view
An nggreealve spirit must Io- devel­
British Loieea Heavy,
oped until the soldier feels himself, aa of the then »trength of 20.000 men
each, together kvltli nitxlllnry ami re­
The buttle line In the vicinity of
11 bayonet tighter. Invincible In battle?
placement troops milking a total of Amiens lititl hardly stabilized when,
"All ofili era and »old er« should real­
some (150•»»> melt. Whip* the number» on April I*, the Germans made iinotb
ise that at no time In our history haa
fell short of my recoiiimcml.ition of er successful attack 11 gainst the Brit­
discipline been ao Important; therefore,
discipline of the highest order must be July 0. 1017 which contemplated at ish lilies on a front of some 40 kilo­
least t.tNNliMN) men b.v May. 1018 It meters In the vicinity of Ariuentleres
exneted at all times. The standards
should be but tic In 111 ml flint the anti along the Lyn river. As a result
for the American army will be those of
main factor In the problem wn» the of Its being Includt-d In a mllent form
West Point, The rlgi I attention, up­
»mount of «hipping lit become avail­ ed by the German advance. Pa»achen
right bearing, attention to detail, un­
able for mlll'ary purpose«. In which -laele ridge. the capture of which hud
complaining obedience to Inatructlona
required of the cadet v.lll be required must be Included tonnage required to cost so dearly In 1917. was evacuated
supply the allle-. with steel, coal ami bv the British mi April 17.
of every officer and soldier of our
food.
Tin* losses liad been heavy ami the
armies In France."
Gn I »ec 2. 1017. 1111 estimate of the British were unable to replace them
Unfortunately ninny divisions did
slnmtlon «ns cnbletl tn the wardepart- entirely. They were, then-fore, mak­
not »receive the reqult He nmounf of
iiit-nt with the following recommenda­ ing extraordinary efforts to Increay
systematic training before leaving the
tlie shipping available for our troops.
•tale» and complete prennratlon of I tion :
“III View of these conditions. Il la On April 21. I went to London to
Milch unit« for battle waa thu» often
of the utmost Importance to the allied clear up certain questions concerning
•erti.iisly delated.
cause thnt we move swiftly.
The the rule of shipment am! to reach the
In order to hinder the enemy's con­
minimum number of troop« we should further agreement provided for In the
quest of Itmuda illi't. If possible, pie plan to have In France by the eml of
vent n Grrmnn attack on Italy <ir In June 1« four army corps of twenty-four April 7 conference. The result of till«
the Near East. Hie allle» »ouglii to divisions lit addition to troop« for serv­ London agreement wn* cabled to
maintain the offensive on tin- western ice of the rear. Till« figure la given Washington April 21. a» follow» :
"That only the Infantry, machine
front as fur 1» their diminished
as lltt- lowest -ve shmtltl think of
• gut.» engineer» nnd «¡goal troopa of
strength mid morale would pi ruilt.
Is pin* e.l n>> lilgl er beciili«« lie blur Anerlcaa division« and brigades be
Notvv ItliMliinding the«.- allied iitlm kM
•n the western front, the Immense of nviill-ilil 11 ,t*i«|HirtiitIon would tot sent over In British und American
«eem to w u rraiit IL
shipping .luring May for training am!
gains hy the German armlc« in the
"A study of triinspormt Ion fnclll- service with the
cast, culnilmitlng at Riga on Kept. II.
ties shows «iifllcleni
«uttlcleni Amerlviu ton
Frame 'ip to six
prci'l|dliited tin* i-ollapse of llussla.
nugi- to
in bring over this numls-r of any »hipping fi.
The following months, the AiiMrliili«—
troops, but to do so fio-te Itl-I-I lie l> qillrc.l fm these troop- l>.
.il i.t
with German aaslstnm-e surprl-o-d the
reduction in the tonnage allotted Io transport troop« ne.esst.iy
III.--«
Italian» mid broke through the line*, nt
other thiin army needs. The lt«e of these div 1«am* complete.
f'-aporetto, driving the Itnllmi art-d.-H
► lilpp'iig for • mm ¡ci el-it piir|s»«e*
"That ilo- American p.-r*o-inel of
back to the I'hive river. InlllitIng a to*
the iirtlllcry of tlie-e divl-lmt« n-d
of rtimiMsi men (kMiusi rille- JI immi must In* curtnlleil ae unit It it- 11.1--1
bte. The allies ere very »»■ il. mid •Ucli corp* troop* ns may I..- it*.|ii
guns, mid etiormoii« -tores, l id- -erf-
We mini collie |O d,.dr relief th - ye; r
to le.illd up Aim-ti, n .- )•« or; n’zii-
oils crisis compcllt-d die withdraw til of
IHI8 The yi-nr after may )•*■ too lute
tlons follow Imim-d .it. Iv tliercafter.
ten French anti British division« fiot-i
It Is very d. iihlfiil If they <• 11 Im'ld hii 'I tlmt American artillery |H*r»onn !
tin* western front to Ituly
Tlie G 1
on until lull* unless we g've ''.**m a be triilm*il with French material anti
man situation on nil othei th< atei • w n«
lol of support this your
I 1« 'lore- join Its profter divisions »« soon na
•o favorable tlmt ns early n- Nuvem
fore strongly recommended tl ;ii a tliort.uglily trained.
her they l-e. hi the movement or -l.vi
complete reail.lu-t ment of irmi-porta-
“Tlmt It I* conteinp'nt. tl American
»Ion« toward the we«tern front.
If
lion be mnde mid that tin* needs of division« mill corp« w lien It- i-.ed r..d
needed her tllvl- t
conltl f t- w tb
the wnr deportment its set forth above organized «hall be iitlllz.il mid r the
ilrnwn from the Itnllnn front tn t e
tie regarded ns Immetlhitc."
American commander In cl...-- n Htl
the French mid British dn - I r< < .1
tn Hit* latter part of January joint Anicrlciiu group.
tlielr div I-:- n-.
mite No. 12, presenter! by the military
"Tlmt the American oomim.ii-' a- <n
At first the Hille- cottltl hiirtll Ii - .
representatives with the supreme war chief «Indi allot American tr.e-' -
for 11 lune Ainerlc-in nrmv
Mur-’
council, was approved by the council. the Frem-li or Brltl-b for ti -l ipi "T
Jttffre dm In til- vi«lt to Amertcii Ii • ,t
Tin» note concluded that France would train them with Atm ricutF"m>:ts
1
niade ape. Ini retpt- -t tlmt ;i co 1 t 1
be safe during 1918 only under certain discritl.ui. with the m--l • «trt. l,
division lie sent nt once to K trope
conditions, namely:
lluil ti-oip.« aliettily trntivpori.-d It
visual evidence of our pnrp-- c tn tur
“Tlmt the strength of the British British shipping or Includ-d ‘n
■ <
tb lpiite actively In tin- w 11 and al«»
»ml French troops in France tire con- divisions mentioned are to '..- ti.iin.-l
ilsked for en.-'m er regiments mid other
tliiuously kept up to their present with the British nrii-.y."
•prcliil service units.
total strength und that they receive
At a meeting of the su’treme » r
The arrlvnl of the flr-l division mid
the expected re enforcement■« of not cotim ll held at Abbevil'.e May I to 1
the pnrnth- of eertiiln of Its element» In
less than two American division* per 2, mi in gent appeal came fi-.,.-i b- 1
I’nr's on July I emi-ed gre.n inilitt»l , month."
French mid Italian repivs.-ntnihfor
nsm ami for th- time beln: Fren b
Tin* first German offensive of 1918.
morale was Mtlmilhifed. Still, il'l ed beginning March 31, overran all re­ American replacements or mil-« t 1
serve with their armies The *o|m-v.
tippre! eii-lon wn- dec|> seated mid mu
sistance during the Initial period of
Ilig ngris-m.-ni wiis rem-lr-d. eo- mi t-
ferial a«sl**tnnce wn« Imperntive.
the attack
Tin* offensive made such
ting the council to 1111 In-b-pei.d -nt
Out'ook Dark for 1918.
Inroads tt|M>n French tint! British re­
A review of the «limition showed serves that defeat stared them la the American army mid prov'dlna f.-r l.c
tliul with lit)—in out ot tin- war the lace unless the new American troops Imniedlnte shipment of ceriahi tr ps;
Under American Flat).
«■etiirnl |Miwti« would lie utile to rclt ,i-<- should
prove
more
Immcdlately
"It 1« the opinion of the supreme
a large number of ilivislmi* for serve r avallable than even the most optlmljt-
war council tlmt. In order to carry the
elsewhere, mid thill during the spr.ng tlc hail dared tn hope.
On March
and summer of I91X. without Inii-rlei- 27 the military representatives with war to it successful conclusion mi
Ing with the statu« quo m Salonlkl, the supreme war council prepared American army -hould be formed a«
they could com ent rate oh the western tltelr Joint note No. IS. This note re- early ns pows-ihle umler It** own Png
front a force mm h stronger than tlmt pcatetl the previously quoted state- In order to meet the present cm- r-
of tin- allies. In view of this II wn» ment from Joint note No. 12. and gency It Is agreed that American
ti ps should be brought to France
represented to the wnr de|airtim*nt III continued:
as
rapidly as allied transportation fa­
December ns of the utmost importmice
"The battle which Is dovvlnplng at
cilities will permit, and tlmt. as fur 11»
thnt the allied prepnrntlons be expe
the present moment In France, and
lilted.
which enn extend to the other then- consistent with the necessity of build­
My conclusion wns tlmt. nltlmugh tera of operations, may very quickly ing up an American army, preference
the morale of the German people mid place the allied armies In a serious will be given to Infantry mid tmiclilne-
of the armies wu« better thmi It Imd situation from the point of view of ef­ gun units for training mid service
with French and British armies."
been for two years, only an untoward fectives.
The next offensive of the enemy was
combination of circumstance* could
“The military representatives are of
give the enemy a decisive victory be­ the opinion that It Is highly desirable made between the Oise and Berry an-
fore American support as recommend­ that the American government should Bac against the French instead of
ed could be made effective, provided assist the alllefl armies as soon Hs against the British, as was generally
the allies sectiretl unity of action. possible b.v permitting In principle the expected, mid It came us a complete
However, a altuntlon might arise which temporary service of American units surprise. The initial Alsne attack,
would neeessllate the temporary use of In allied army corps anti divisions. covering a front of thirty live k.lm
nil American troops In the milts of our Such re-enforedinents must, however, meters, met with remarkable success,
allies for tlie defensive, but nothing In be obtained from other units than us the German armies advanced no less
the situation Justified the relinquish­ those American division» which are than fifty kilometers In four days, tin
ment of our firm purpose to form our now operating with the French, and reaching the Marne that river was
the units so temporarily employed must used as a defensive flank and the Ger­
own army under our own ting.
While the Germans were practicing eventually he returned to the Ameri­ man advance wns directly towards
I’arls. During the first days of June
for open wiirf ii re nnd concent rut Inn can army.
“The military representatives are of something akin to a panic seized the
tlielr most aggressive personnel In
shock divisions, the training of the the opinion tlmt from the present time, city, ami it whs estlnmted that LOHtHlM
people left during the spring of litis.
allies wns still limited to trench wnr- In execution of the foregoing, nnd un­
Such extensive priority had already
fnre. As our troops were being trnlie d til otherwise directed by the supreme
for open warfare, there wns every reti- war council, only American Infantry been given to the transport of Ameri­
son why wo could not allow them to lie ■tnd machine gun units, organized ns can infantry and machine gunners tlmt
scattered among our allle». even by ill- t Im I government may decide, be the troops of those categories which
visions, much less ns rcpliici-ment«. ex­ brought to France, ami that nil agree­ hml received even partial training in
cept by pressure of sheer necessity. ments or convention* hitherto made In the United States were practically ex­
Any sort of permanent nimilgiinintlon conflict with this decision be modified hausted. Moreover, the strain on our
services of supply imide l‘ essential
would Irrevocably commit America's accordingly."
that curly relief be afforded by Increas-
Planned an American Army.
fortunes to lb- Imtids of the nllles.
ng Its peiKonm-l. The final agreement
Moreover, It wn« obvious tlmt the Iflclt
The secretary of war. who was In
wits
cabled to the war department oa
of homogeneity would rentier these France nt the time; General Bliss, tin*
June 3, as follows:
mixed illvlslons <11 HL nit to maneuver American military representative with
I
ihe rollowing recommendations are
mjde on the assumption that at least
250,0110 men can lie transported In each
of the months of June and July by the
employment of combined British and
American tonnage. We recommend:
"For the month of June: Absolute
priority shall be given to the trans­
portation of 170,000 combatant troops,
25,400 men for the service of the rail­
way», the balance to be troops of
categories to be determined by the
Commander-In-chief, American expedi­
tionary force».
"For the month of July: Absolute
priority for the shipment of 140.000
combatant troops, the balance to con­
sist of troops to In* designated by the
commander In t hief. American expedi­
tionary forces.
"We recognize that tin* combatant
troops to be dispatched In July may
have to Include troops which have had
Insufficient training, but we consider
the present emergency Is such as to
Justify a temporary nnd exceptional
departure by the United States from
Hound principles of training, especially
as n similar course Is being followed
by France and Great Britain.
___________________ PACK THUMB
THERMOID
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WE IX» FINE HHOK REFAIKIN«
“Signed FOCH.
"MfLNER.
"PERSHING,"
Raised Delicate Question^
The various proposals during the»»
conferences regarding priority of ship­
ment, often very Insistent, raised ques­
tions that were not only most difficult
but most delicate. On the one band,
there was a critical situation wldgh
must be met by Immediate action,
while, on the other hand, any priority
accorded a particular arm necessarily
postponed the formation of a distinc­
tive American fighting force and the
means to supply It. Such a force was,
tn my opinion, absolutely necessary to
win the war. A few of the allied rep­
resentatives became convinced that the
American services of supply should not
be neglected but should be developed
In the common Interest. The success
of our divisions during May and June
demonstrated fully that It was not
necessary to drnft Americans under
foreign flags In order to utilize Amer­
ican manhood most effectively.
(Continued next Satnrday)
Plenty of Moequltoee.
The gnat Is only one of the many
species of mosquito. Altogether there
»re thirty-five native* of Europe, while
190 different varieties are found scat­
tered over the rest of the •«•orld. Of
this large number, some are known
by the Spanish name of mosquito—
that Is, “little fly.“
The Wardrobe Cleaners
315 N. Sixth Street
Phon« 147
We call and deliver
Old Newspapers, 5c and 10c Bundles
Truck Owners
Attention !
We have taken over
the Tuff’s solid tire
press and installed
same in our shop.
9
I
C. L. Hobart Co