NO TRUTH IN IT.
English Government tla) Mot Admitted
ICrror to Nicaragua.
London, December 8. It is author
itatively stated that there is no truth in
the statement that the English govern
ment had admitted that its Minister to
Blueflelds had exceeded his powers with
regard to the Blueflelds incident, and
that he would be recalled. It is learned
Great Britain has informed Nicaragua
she could not recognize certain decrees
regarding land registration and other
matters whicli Great Britain holds with
out violating the treaty with Nicaragua.
The statement that Great Britain re
fused to recognize the new Niearagtian
government at Bluullelds is positively
denied. The question wa not one of
sovereignty of Nicaragua over the Mos
quito coast, which Great Britain had
already acknowledged in the above men
tioned treaty.
BUT HAS SnE MODIFIED IT?
Washington, December 3. The sud
denly modified attitude of Great Britain
toward Nicaragua is attributable, in the
opinion of naval officers, solely to the
positive determination of the United
mates to maintain its announced prin
ciples through a mobilization of war
ships, if necessary, rather than by re
course to the slow and unsatisfactory
methods of diplomacy hitherto em
ployed. '
THE GOLD RESERVE.
II Is One Mora In Its Normal Condi
tion. Washington, December 3. The treas
ury gold reserve is intact again, stand
ing to-day, as a result of the recent bund
issue, above 110:1,000,000, and when all
he gold is paid in it will reach (115,000,
000. Now that the reserve lias paased
the $100,000,000 mark, it is believed that
Secretary Carlisle will resume the issue
oi gold cert I Ilea tes tor such additional
gold as may lie subsequently deposited,
when such rertilicales are desired. It
is generally conceded that the law bear
ing on the subject is mandatory in its
provisions.
DEPOSITED BY THE SYNDICATE.
New Yohr, December 8. The Stewart
bond syndicate deposited (3.859,028 in
gold in the subtreaHiiry on the bond nc
count to-day, making a total of (37,771,-
oia gout deposited since the new govern
ment loan was awarded to the syndicate,
The agents of the syndicate have sold
between 13,0i)0,00 and $14,001)000 of
the bonds, and the demand still con
tinues heavy.
MONTHLY STATEMENT.
Over Eight Millions' Koii of Expendi
tures During- November.
Washington, December 8. The regu
lar monthly treasury statement, issued
Saturday, shows an excess of expendi
tures over receipts for November oM?,
160,387, which makes the deficiency for
the Ave months of the fiscal year (22,
610,220. The receipts during November
were:
Custom! , (r.JCO.lVi
Inie nslicveiiue 7, 7-1 0 4
llMwllaueoui auuici't l,;i7d,i.o7
Tolal. HMIM03
Tolal for live months, $130,308,817.
The disbursements for the month
amount to (27.507,770, of which $12,037,
805 is on account of pensions, making
the disbursements for the live months
158,000,043.
rostnl's New M'lre Working;.
CntcAQo, December 3. The Postal-Telegraph-Cable
Company inaugurated
its new wires to the Pacific Coast to
night at midnight after a preliminary
test this afternoon, during which Presi
dent John W. Mackey held brief con
versation with the. officers of the com
pany at San Francisco from his ofllce in
New York. The circuit from New York
to San Francisco is working perfectly.
The new line of the company follows the
routes of the Atchison ahdTopeka and
the Atlantic and Pacific railroads.
Itebnls In Hraill.
Montevideo, December 3. From offi
cial sources in the Brazilian Junta the
correspondent here has obtained the fol
lowing: The rebels have now in the
province of Rio Grande do 8ul 11,400
men in the field, all well armed, besides
600 horses, 68 pieces of light artillery
and 7 of heavy, while in the province ol
Pernamhuco they have 2.200 well
equipped men with 14 pieces of light ar
tillery and more men and cannon en
route. As soon as these arrive the force
in revolt will increase.
Official Keeognltlnn of Hawaii.
Washixoton, December 3. Hawaiian
Charge d'Affaires Frank IT. Hastings ha:
received in the mall information that
since the establishment of the Republic
in Hawaii July4 ofliciul recognition from
the following governments have heen re
ceived: United States, Great Britain,
France, Russia, Italy, Belgium, Mexico,
Guatemala; also notice of intents from
Germany and Peru.
To Aid the San Joaquin Road.
Stockton, Col., December 8. At a
meeting of the business men of Stockton
to-nlglit it was determined to form a
Stockton Chamber of Commerce, the
objects of which shall be the advance
ment of the institutions of Stockton and
San Jotiquin county permanently by aid
ing in the construction of a competing
line of railroad through the San Jonnnin
Valley from Stockton to Bakersfleld at
least. .
Are They I'miuOlnii Indians
Ottawa, Ont., December S.t The De
partment of Indian Affairs was to-day
informed by telegraph from Butte City,
Mont., that 300 Canadian Cree Indians
were up ill arms against the whites and
rattle were being killed and stolen. The
department officials are of the opinion
that, the Indians are, not Canadian, but
itoee who emigrated after Riel's expedi
tion. .
Trial of the Lynchers.
-Memphis, December 3. In the trial of
, vT, S. Richarckon. and II. F. Smith for
the lynching otsix negroes Smith took
the Bland and contradicted his state
ments made Wednesday in his direct
examination, He seemed badly both
ered, and itivolved himself in many con
tradictory statements. ; ,
Senator-elect Leah of Yakima county,
Wash., is preparing a bill prohibiting
county governments from creating or
maintaining a special cash fund for the
payment of salaries of officers.
The Finance Committee of the Seattle
Council and the City Controller have
finished their work on the tax levy,
which is for this year fixed at 12 5-8
mills, as against 13 mills last year.
Placer mines are still working in
Baker county, Or., but the final clean
up will soon be made. The run has
been the best since the palmy dayi of
the '60s. '
VOL. 1.
PRESIDENTS MESSAGE
Deals Largely With Reports
of Departments.
FEW RECOMMENDATIONS MADE
Secretary Carlisle's Banking and Cur
rency Finn Favored Tariff 11111
Needs Amending Relntlon or United
States With the Foreign rowers.
Following is the full text of President
Cleveland's message as read in congress
today :
The assemblage within the nation's
legislative halls of those charged with
the duty ot making laws for the benefit
of a generous and free people impres
sively suggests the exacting obligation
and inexorable responsibility involved
in ineir limn. At tlie tliresliold ot such
labor, now to be undertaken bv the
congress of the United States, and in
the discharge of an executive duty en
Joined by the constitution, I submit
this communication, containing a brief
statement of the condition of our na
tional nll'airs and recommending such
legislation as seems to me necessary and
expedient.
The State Department.
The history of our recent dealings
with other nations and our peaceful re
lations with them at this time addition
ally demonstrate the advantage of con
sistently adhering to a firm hut just
foreign policy, free from envious or am
bitious national schemes, and charac
terized by entire honesty and sincerity.
During the past year, pursuant to a
law of Conuresa. coinmiHHirtnpm u-prn a n.
pointed to the Antwerp industrial ex fcicaragua rule, expelling her officers,
position. Though the participation of B,1(1 restoring the old organization.
American exhibitors fell fur short of This, in turn, gave place to the existing
completely illustrating our national in- loi'al government, established and up
genuity and industrial achievements, ! ,H,ld bv Nicaragua. Although the
yet it was still creditable, in view of the alien interests, arraigned against Nic
brief time allowed for preparation. I nragua in these transactions, have
have endeavored to impress upon the been 'arfrely American and the corn
Belgian government the heedlessness merc8 of 'bat region for some time has
and positive harmfulness of its restric-1 bcen' Rn(1 8ti" is chiefly controlled by
tionsunon the importation of certain our citizens, we cannot for that reason
of our food products and have strongly challenge the rightful sovereignty of Nic
urged that the rigid supervision and in- ara8ua over tlli8 important part of
snection nnder our laws are amply suf-1 ',er domain. For some months one, and
licient to prevent the exportation from during p,irt of the time, two of our naval
this country of diseased cattle and un- BlliPa ,,ave keen stationed at Bluefields
wholesome meat.
TUB CHILIAN CLAIMS.
The commission organized under the
convention which we had entered into
with Chili for the settlement of the out
standing claims of each government
against the other, adjourned at the end
of the period stipulated for its continu
ance, leaving undetermined a number
of American cases which bad been duly
presented. These claims are not barred,
and negotiations are in progress (or their
submission to a tribunal.
GERMANY'S CATTLE EMBARGO,
Action upon the reported discovery of
Texas fever in cargoes of American im-
portatlons ot livestock and fresh meats
from this country has been revived. It
is honed that (iHrmBiiv will snnn Imnnmo
convinced that the inhibition is as need-
less as it is harmful to mutual interests, i
The German government has exceptid 1
to that provisisn of the customs of the !
tarilt act which imposes a discriminat
ing duty of 1-10 of a cent a pound on I
sugars coming from countries paying an
export bounty thereon, claiming that
the enacting of such duty is in contra- i
vention of articles 5 and 0 of the treaty
of 1820 with Prussia. In the interest's ,
of the commerce of both countries, and I
to avoid even the accusation of treaty
violation, I recommend the repeal of so
much of the statute as imposes that
duty, and I invite attention to the ac- 1
companying report of the secretary of
stale, containing a discussion of the 1
questions raised by the German pro- ,
tests.
THE JIONROB DOCTRINE. I
The boundary of British Guiana still ing international obligations invite our
remains in dispute between Great Brit- kindly sympathy and justly our forbear
ain and Venezuela. Believing that its ance in Dressincr lono nendinir claims. I
early settlement on some just basis, !
alike honorable to both parties, is in the pathy in connection with certain de
line of our established policy to remove mands urgently preferred by other pow-
iiuui vine uumispnere an causes oi un- ,
ference with a power beyond the sea, I
shall renew the eflbrts heretofore made
to bring about restoration ol diplomatic
relations between the disputants, and to
induce arbitration, a resort which Great
at'
sary,
TUB HAWAIIAN RErUBLIO.
Since communlcatinor thn voluminous
correspondence in regard to Hawaii and i
the, action taken by the senate and house
of representatives on certain questions
Huomitieu to me judgment and wider
discretion of congress, the organization
of a government in place of the provis
ional arrangement which loiiowed the
deposition of the queen, has been an
nounced with evidence of its effective
operation. The recognition usual in such
cases has been accorded the new govern
ment.
Under the present treaties of extra-
dition with Italy miscarriages of justice
nave occurreu, owing to the retusal of
that government to surrender its own
subjects. Thus far our eflbrts to ne
gotiate an amended convention obviat
ing this difficulty have been unavailing.
Apart from the war in which their
land is engaged, Japan attracts increas
ing attention in this country by her evi
dent desire to cultivate more liberal in
terests with us, and to seek our kindly
aid in furtherance of her laudable desire
for complete autonomy in her domestic.
affairs and full equality in the family of
nations, ine Japanese empire of today
is no longer the Japan of the past, and
our relations with this progressive na
tion should not be less broad and liberal
than those with other powers.
PUNISHMENT OF MEXICAN INSURGENTS.
Good will fostered bv manv interests
in common has marked our relations
with our nearest southern neighbors.
Peace being restored along her northern
frontier, Mexico has asked the punish
ment of the late disturbers of her tran
quility. There ought to be a new
treity ot commerce and navigation with
that country to take the place of the
one which terminated 13 years ago,
The friendliness ot the intercourse be
tween the two countries has steadily in
creased, under the rule of mutual con
sideration, being neither stimulated by
conventional arrangements nor re
tarded by jealous rivalry or selfish dis
trait.
Britain so conspicuously favors in prin-
ciple and respects in practice, and which
is earnestly sought by her weaker ad ver-i1?'
THE
HILLSBORO, OREGON, THURSDAY,
An indemnity, tendered by Mexico as
a gracious a t for the murder, in 1887,
ol Leon Baldwin, an American citizen,
by a band of marauders, in Durango,
has been accepted, and is being paid in
installments.
The problem of the storage and nse of
the waters of the Rio Grande for irriga
tion should be solved by appropriate
concurrent action of the two interested
countries. Kiting in the Colorado
heights, the stream flows intermittent
ly, yielding little water during the dry
months to the irrigation channels al
ready constructed along its course.
This scarcity is often severely felt in the
regions where the river forms a com
mon boundary. Moreover, the fre
quent changes in its course often raise
embarrassing question of territorial
jurisdiction.
the bluefields affair.
Prominent among the questions of
the year was the Bluefields incident, in
which is known as the Mosquito Indian
strip, bordering on the Atlantic ocean
and within the jurisdiction of Nicara
gua. By the treaty of 1800, between
Great Britain and Nicaragua, the former
government expressly recognized the
sovereignty of the latter over the strip,
and a limited form of self-government
was guaranteed to the Mosquito Indians,
to be exercised according to their cus
tom for themselves and other dwellers
within its limits. The so-called native
government, which grew to be largely
made up of aliens, for many years dis
puted the sovereignty of Nicaragua over
the strip, and claimed the right to
maintain therein practically independ
ent municipal government. Early in
the past year the efforts of Nicaragua to
maintain sovereignty over the Mosquito
territory led to serious disturbances,
culminating in the suppression of tlio
native government, and the attempted
substitution of an impracticable com
posite administration, in which Nicara
gua and alien residents were to partici
pate. Failure was followed by an in
surrection, which for a time, subverted
lor ui protection oi an legitimate inter
ests of our citizens. In September last
the government at Managua expelled
including two Americans, for alleged
participation in the seditious or revolu
tionary movements against the republic
at Bluelields already mentioned, but
through the earnest remonstrance of this
government the Americans have been
permitted to return to the peaceful man
agement ot their business. Our naval
commanders at the scene of these dis
turbances, by their constant exhibition
ol llrmness and good judgment, contrtb'
u,ei' largely to tho prevention of more
serious consequences, and to the resto-
rauou oi quiet arm oruer. i regret mac
in t,ie "li(,8t of tl,ese occurrences there
happened a most grave and irritating
fduro of Nicaraguan justice. An Amer-
,:"-!c" " . T am'"
Aiaiiiit, jii uiu iuupijuiiu territory, was
murdered by one Arguello, the acting
governor of (he town. After some delay
the murderer was arrested, but so inse
curely confined or guarded, that he es
caped, and, notwithstanding our repeat
ed demands, it is claimed that his recap
ture has been impossible by reason of
his flight beyond Nicaraguan jurisdiction.
The Nicaraguan authorities, having
given notice of forfeiture of the conces
sion to the canal company on grounds
purely technical, and not embraced in
the contract, have receded from that
position.
Peru, I regret to say, shows symptoms
of domestic disturbance, due probably
to the slowness of her recuperation from
the distresses of the war of 1881
Weak-
eTf, jn resnnreee her ilirliniillios In far
have felt constrained to testify this sym-
crs.
TIIB BALVADORIAN REFUGEES.
The government of Salvador, having
been overthrown by an abrupt popular
outoreaic, certain ot its military and
i ?lv" ..V " . "l y Pu. T Dy 1
' ("' ed insurgents, sought refuge on
tb, l1 States warship Ben-
, ., ... . ., . .. . .
ports. Although the practice of asylum
is not favored by this government, yet,
in view of the imminent peril which
threatened the fugitives and solely for
considerations of humanity, they were
afforded shelter hvaur naval commander.
and, when they were atterward demand'
ed under our treaty of extradition with
buivador lor trial on charges of murder,
arson and robbery, I directed that such
of them as had not voluntarily left the
ship be conveyed to one of our nearest
ports, where a hearing could be heard
before a judicial officer in compliance
with the terms of the treaty. On their
arrival at San Francisco, such a proceed
ing was promptly instituted before the
United States district judge, who held
that the acts constituting the alleged of
fences were political, and discharged all
the accused except one Cienfuegos, who
was held for an attempt to murder.
Thereupon, I was constrained to direct
his release, for the reason that an at
tempt to murder was not one of the
Crimea charged against him, and upon
which his surrender to the Salvadorian
authorities had been demanded.
AN ANXOYINO AFFAIR WITH SPAIN.
Unreasonable and unjust fines im
posed by Spain,- on the vessels and com
merce of the United States have de
manded, from time to time during the
last 20 years, earnest remonstrance on
the part of our government. In the im
mediate past exorbitant penalties have
been imposed upon our vessels and goods
by the customs authorities of Cuba and
Torto Rico for clerical errors of the most
trivial natue in the manifests or, bills
of lading. In some cases fines amount
ing to thousands of dollars have been
levied upon cargoes, or the carrying
vessels, when the goods in question were
entitled to free entry; fines have been
exacted even when the error has been
detected and the Spanish authorities
notified before the arrival of goods in
port. This conduct is in strange con
trast with the considerate and liberal
treatment extended to Spanish vessels
and cargoes in our ports in like cases.
No satisfactory settletpent these vexa
tions questions has lx?en yet reached.
The Mora case, referred to in my last
message, remains unsettled. From the
diplomatic coriespoiidenre on this sub
ject, which has been laid before the
senate, it will be seen that this govern
ment has ofleied to conclude a conven
tion with Spain for disposal by arbitra
tion of outstanding claims against the
two countries, except the Mora claim,
which, having been long ago adjusted,
now only awaits the permits as stipu
lated, and, of course, it could not be in
cluded in the proposed convention. It
was hoped that this oiler would remove
tlie parliamentary obstacles encoun
tered by the Spanish government in
providing payment of the Mora indem
nity. 1 regret to say that no definite
reply to this offer has yet been made,
and all efforts to secure payment of
this unsettled claim have been unavail
ing. EXPULSION OF ARMENIANS BY TURRET.
In my last annual message I adverted
to the claim on the part of Turkey' of
the right to expel, as persons undesira
ble and dangerous, Armenians natural
ized in the United States and returning
to Turkish jurisdiction. Numerous
questions in lliiB relation have arisen.
While this government acquisced in the
the asserted right of expulsion, it would
not consent that Armenians may be im
prisoned or otherwise punished for no
other reason than having acquired,
without imperial consent, American
citizenship. Three of the assailants of
Miss Moulton, an American teacher in
Mosul, have been convicted by the
Ottoman courts, and I am advised that
an appeal against the acquittal of the
remaining live lias been taken by the
Turkish prosecuting officer.
A convention has been concluded
with Venezuela for the arbitration of a
long disputed claim growing out of the
seizure of certain vessels, tlie property
of citizens of the United States.
Although signed, the treaty of extra
dition with Venezuela is not yet in
force, owing to the insistence of that
government, that, when surrendered,
its citizens shall in no case be liable to
capital punishment.
TO PREVENT. COLLISIONS AT SEA.
The rules for the prevention of col
lisions at sea, which were framed by the ' nation s ana oiner worKs oi ueiense.
maritime conference, held in this city in I The PIlT1 cn.rr.?t year
1889. having been concu.rently incor-1 a?Kregated (52,429,112 3, and the esti
ported in the statutes of the United j mate,8 bmitud by the secretary of
States and Great Britain, have been WM,,?r3h8 next fiscal year call for ap
annmmced to take effect March 1, 1895, lpPJ?atl0M amo'lntlJ18 to (62,318,
and invitations have been extended to i , . . . , . , ..
all maritime nations to adhere to them. Tne ekl11 and industry of our ordl-
Favorable responses have thus far been
received from Australia, France, Portu -
gal, Spain and Sweden.
The Treanurjr Department.
The secretary of tho treasury reports
that the receipts of government from all
sources of revenue during the fiscal year, a supply of finished guns of large cali
ended June 30, 1894, amounted to (372,- , ber already on hand to which additions
802.498 29, and its expenditures to (442,- should now rapidly follow, the wisdom
605,;58 87, leaving a deficit of (09,803,- of providing carriages and emplacement
2(ii 58. There was a decrease of (15,- for their mount cannot be too strongly
1)52,674 06 in the ordinary expenses of urged.
the government, as compared with the! The total enrollment of the militia of
fiscal year of 18S8. There was collected
from customs (131,818 530 62. and from
internal revenue (147.168.449 70. The
balance of the income for the year,
amounting to (93,815.517 97, was derived
from the sales of land and other sources,
The value of our total dutiable imports
amounted to 4275.199,080, being (140,-
657,625 less than during the preceding
year, and the importations free of duty
amounted to (..79,795,530, being t84, 748,
075 less than during the preceding year.
The receipts from customs were (73,536,
4M5 11 less, and from internal revenues
$13,830,539 07 less than 1S93. The total
tax collected was: Distilled spirits, (85,
259 250 25; manufactured tobacco, (8,
617,898 02; fermented liquors. (31,414,
718 04.
Our exports of merchandise, domestic
and foreign, amounted during the year
to $802,140,572, being an increase over
the preceding year of (44,495,378. The
total amount of gold exported during
the fiscal year was (70,898,061, as against
(108,080,444 during the fiscal year 1893.
The amount, imported was (72,449,110,
as against 421,174,381 during tho previ
ous fiscal yenr, 1893. The imports of
silver were (13 286,552, and the exports
were (50,451,205.
' THE SUGAR BOUNTY.
The total bounty paid upon the pro
duction of sugar in the 'United States
for the fiscal year was $12,100,208 89,
being an increase of (2,725.078 over the
payments during the preceding year.
Tlie amount of bounty paid from Julv
1, 1804, to August 28, 1894, the time
when further payments ceased by
operation of the law, was (906,185 84.
The total expenses incurred in the pay-,
ment of the bounty noon sugar during
the fiscal year was (130,140 85.
It is estimated that upon the basis of
our present revenue laws, the receipts
of the government during the current
fiscal year, ending Juno 30, 1895, will be
(424,427.740 44, and its expenditures
(444,427,748 44, resulting in a deficit of
(20.000,000.
November 1, 1894, the total stock of
money of all kinds in the country was
(2.240,773,888. as against $2,204,661,000
November 1, 1893, and the money of all
kinds in circulation not included' in the
treasury holdings was (1,672,093,422, or
(24 73 per capita, upon an estimated
population of 68,887.000. At the same
time there was held in the treasury
gold bullion amounting to (44,615,177 55,
and silver bullion, which was purchased
at a cost of (127,779,988.
TUB SILVER PURCHASES.
The purchase of silver bullion, under
the act of July 14, 1890, ceased Novem
ber 1, 1393, and tip to that time there
had been purchased during the fiscal
year 11,917,058 78 fine ounces at a cost
of (8.715,521 32, an average cost of
(0.7313 per fine ounce. The total
amount of silver purchased from the
time that law took effect until the re
peal of ita purchasing clause, on the
date last mentioned, was 108,674,682 53
fine ounces for which $155,931,002 25
was paid, the average price per fine
ounce being (0.0244.
The War Department.
From the report of the secretary of
war it appears that the strength of the
army on Septemher SO, 1804, was 2,135
officers and 25,705 enlisted men. Al
though this is apparently a very slight
decrease, compared with the previous
year, the actual effective force has been
increased to the equivalent of nearly two
regiments through the organization of
the system of recruiting and the conse
quent release to regimental duty of a
large force of men hitherto serving at
the recruiting depots. The abolition of
these depots, it is predicted, will further
more effect an annual reduction appoxi
mating (250,000, in the direct expendi
tures, besides promoting generally the
health, morals and discipline of the
troops. The execution of tha policy of
ARGUSo
DECEMBER 6. 1894.
concentrating the army at important
centers of population and transportation,
forshadowed in the last annual report of
the secretary, has resulted in the aban
donment of 15 of the smaller posts,
which was effected nnder a plan which
assembled organizations of the same
regiments hitherto widelv separated.
This renders our small force more read
ily effective for any service which they
may be called npon to perform, in
creases the extent of the territory under
protection without diminishing the
security heretofore afforded to any
locality, improves the dicipline, train
ing and esprit-dn-corps of the army,
besides considerably decreasing the cost
of its maintenance. Thouxh the forces
of the department of the East have
been somewhat increased, more than
three-fourths of the army is still
stationed west of the Mississippi.
This carefully matured policy which
secures the best and greatest service in
the interest of the general welfare from
tha small forces comprising our regular
army, should not be thoughtlessly em
barrassed by the creation of new and
unnecessary posts through acts of con
gress to gratify the ambitions or in
terests of localities. While the maxi
mum legal strength, through various
causes, is but little over 20,000 men, the
purpose of congress does not therefore
seem to be fully attained by the exist
ing conditions." "While no considerable
increase in the arm y is, in my judg
ment, demanded by recent events, the
policy of sea coast fortifications in the
prosecution of which we have been
steadily engaged for some years, has so
far developed as to suggest that the
effective strength of the army be now
made at least equal to the legal
strength.
COST OF THE ARMY.
The total expenditures for the war de
partment for the year ending June 30,
1804, amounted to (56,030,009 34. Oi
this sum t2,000,614 0i was for salaries
and contingent expenses, 423,665,156 16
for the support of the military estab
lishments, 5,001,632 23 for miscel
laneous objects, and (25,371,155 90 for
public works. This latter sum includes
119,404,037 49 for river and harbor im
provements, and 3,974,863 56 for fortl
iica t ions and other works of defense.
?a,nce f" and inventors have, it is
! relieved, overcome the mechanical ob-
stacles which have heretofore delayed
the armament of our coasts. This great
national undertaking upon which we
have entered may now proceed as rap
idly as congress shall determine. With
the several states is 117.533 officers and
enlisted men, an increase of 5,3)3 over
the number reported at the close of the
previous year. The reports of militia
inspections by regular army officers
show a marked increase in interest and
efficiency instate organizations, and I
strongly recommend a continuance of
the policy of affording every practical
. encouragement possible to this im-
portant auxiliary of our military estab
lishment.
INDIAN PRISONERS.
The condition of the Apache Indians
held as prisoners by the government for
eight years at a cost of (5U0.O00 has been
changed during the year from captivity
to one which gives them an opportunity
to demonstrate their capacity for self
support and at least partial civilization.
Legislation enacted at the latest session
of congress gave tlie war department
authority to transfer the survivors, who
number 348, from Mount Vernon bar
racks, in Alabama, to many suitable
reservations. Tlie department selected
as their future home tlie military lands
near Fort Sill, Indian territory, where,
under military surveillance, the former
prisoners have been established in
agriculture under conditions favorable
to their advancement,.
In recognition of the long and distin
guished military services and faithful
discharge of the delicate and respon
sible civic duties by Major-General John
M. Schofield, now general commanding
the army, it is suggested to congress
that the temporary revival of the grade
of lieutenant-general in his behalf
would be a just and gracious act, and
would permit his retirement now near
at hand with rank befitting his merits.
Department of Justice.
The report of the attorney-general
notes the gratifying progress made by
the supreme court in overcoming the ar
rears of its business and in reaching a
condition in which it will be able to dis
pose of the cases as they arise without
any reasonable delay. This result is, of
course, veny largely due to the success
ful working of the plan inaugurating cir
cuit courts of appeals. In respect to
these tribunals a suggestion is made in
quarters entitled to the highest consid
eration, that an additional circuit judge
for each circuit would greatly strengthen
these courts and the confidence reposed
in their adjudications, and that such an
addition would not create a greater force
of judges than the increasing business of
such courts reonires. I commend the
suggestions to the careful consideration
of congress. Other important topics are
advocated in the report, accompanied
by recommendations, many of which
have been treated at large in previous
messages and at this time, therefore,
need only be named. I refer to the
abolition of the fee system as a measure
of compensation to federal officers ; -the
enlargement of the powers of United
States commissioners at least in the ter
ritories', the allowance of writs of error
in criminal cases on behalf of the United
States, and the establishment of a grade
by congress in the crime of murder. A
topic dealt with by the attorney-general
of much importance is the condition of
the administration of justice in the In
dian territory. The permanent solution
of what is called the Indian problem is
Erobably not to be expected at once,
ut, meanwhile, such ameliorations of
present conditions as the existing sys
tem will admit of ought not to be neg
lected. I am satisfied that there should
be a federal court established for the ter
ritory with sufficient judges and that
this court should sit within the territory
and have the same jurisdiction as to
territorial affairs as is now vested in the
federal courts sitting in Arkansas and
Texas.
THI UNION PACIFIC RAILWAY.
Another subject of pressing moment
referred to by the attorney-general ii the
NO. 37.
'eorganization of the Union Pacific Rail
way Company on a basis equitable as
regards all private interests and as favor
ible to the government as existing con
ditions will permit. The operation of
railroad by a court through a receiver
is an anomalous state of things which
-hould be terminated on all grounds,
public and private, at the earliest pos
sible moment. Besides, not to enact the
needed enabling legislation at the pres
ent session postpones the whole matter
until the assemnling of a new congress,
and inevitably increases all the compli
cations of the situation, and could not
but be regarded as a signal failure to
xolve a problem which has practically
been before the present congress ever
since its organization.
Kight years ago, in my annual mes
sage, I nrged upon congress as strongly
as I could the location and construction
of two prisons for the confinement of
United States prisoners. A similar rec
ommendation has been made from time
to time since, and a few years ago a law
was passed providing for the selection of
sites for these institutions. No appro
priation has, however, been made to
carry the act into effect, and the old and
discreditable condition still exists. It is
not my purpose at this time to repeat
the considerations which make an im
pregnable case in favor of the ownership
and management by the government ol
penal institutions in which the federal
prisoners are confined. I simply desire
to again urge my former recommenda
tions on the subject and to particularly
rail the attention of congress to that part
of the report of the secretary of war, in
which he states that the military prison
at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, can be
turned over to the government as a
prison for federal convicts without the
least difficulty and with an actual saving
of money from every point of view.
Pending a more complete reform, I hope
that by the adoption of the suggestion
of the secretary of war this easy step
may be taken in the direction of the
proper care of its convicts by the gov
ernment of the United States.
Postofflee Department.
The report of the postmaster-general
presents a comprehensive statement of
the operations of the postofiice depart
ment for the last fiscal year. The re
ceipts of the department during the
year amounted to (75,080,470 04, and
the expenditures to (84.324,414 15. The
transactions of the postal service in
dicate with barometric certainty the
fluctuation in the business of the coun
try. As much, therefore, as business
complications continued to exist
throughout the last year to an unfore
seen extent it is not surprising that the
deficiency of revenue to meet the ex
penditures of the postoffice department,
which was estimated in advance at
alxnit (8,000,000, should exceed the es
timate. The ascertained revenues last
year which were the basis of calculation
for the current year, being less than es
timated, the deficiency for the current
year will be correspondingly greater,
thougk the postmaster-general states
that the latest indications are so favor
able that he confidently predicts an in
crease of at least 8 per cent in the
revenues of the current year over those
of the last year.
The expenditures increase steadily
and necessarily with the growth and
needs of the country so that tho de
ficiency is greater or less in any year
'lepending upon the volume of receipts.
The postmaster-general states that this
deficiency is unnecessary and might be
obviated at once if the law regulating
rates upon mail matter of the second
class was modified. The rate received
for the transmission of this second-class
matter is 1 cent per pound, while the
cost of such transmission to the govern
ment is eight times that amount. In
the general terms of the law this rate
covers newspapers and periodicals.
TUB LAW ABUSED.
The extension of the meaning of the
terms from time to time have admitted
to the privileges intended for legitimate
newspapers and periodicals a surprising
range of publications, and created abuses
the cost of which amount in the aggre
gate to the total deficiency of the post
office department. Pretended newspa
pers are started by business houses for
tlie mere purpose of advertising goods,
complying with the law in form only,
and discontinuing the publications as
soon as the period of advertising is over.
Sample copies of pretended newspapers
are issued in great numbers for a like
purpose only. The result is a great loss
of revenue to the government besides its
humiliating use as an agency to aid in'
carrying out the scheme of "a business
house to advertise its goods by means
of a trick npon both its rival houses
and the regular and legitimate news
papers. Paper-covered literature, con
sisting mainly of trashy novels, to the
extent of many thousands of tons, is
sent through the mails at 1 cent a
pound, while the publishers of standard
works are required to pay 8 times that
amount in sending their publications.
An abuse consists in the tree carriage
through the mails of hundreds of tons
of seed and grain uselessly distributed
through the department of agriculture.
The postmaster-general predicts that if
the law be so amended as to eradicate
these abuses, not only will the postoffice
department not show a deficiency, but
he believes that in the near future all
legitimate newspapers, periodicals and
magazines will be properly transmitted
through the mails to their subscribers
free of cost. I invite your prompt con
sideration of this subject, and fully in
dorse the views of the postmaster-general.
The total number of p istoffices in
the United States on the 30th day of
June, 1894. was 68.805, an increase of
1403 over tlie preceding year. Of these
3428 were presidential, an increase in
that class ot 68 over the preceding year.
Six hundred and ten cities and towns
are provided with free delivery, 03 other
cities and towns entitled to this service
under the law have not been accorded it
on account of insufficient funds. The
expense of free delivery of the enrrent
fiscal year will be more than $12,300,000,
and under existing legislation this item
of expenditure is subject to constant in
crease. The estimated cost of rural free
delivery generally is so very large that
it ought not to be considered in the
present condition of affairs.
There are connected with the post
office establishment 32,661 employes
who are in the classified service. This
includes many who have been classified
on the suggestion of the postmaster
general. He states that another year's
experience at the head of the depart
ment serves only to strengthen his con
viction as to the excellent working of
the civil service in this branch of the
public Mrricfc
Department of A jrleultnre.
The secretary of agriculture in his re
port, reviews the operations of his de
partment for the last fiscal year, and
makes recommendations for the further
extension of its usefulness. He report
a saving in the expenditure during the
year of (600,000, which is covered back
into the treasury. This sum is 23 per
cent of the entire appropriation. A
special study has been made of the de
mand for American farm products in
all foreign markets, and especially
Great Britain. That country received
from the United States during the nine
months, ending Septemlier 30, 1804,
305 910 live beef cattle, valued at (-'0.-500,000
as against 182,611 rattle valued
at (16,624,000, during the same
period for 1893. During the first
six months of 1394. the United King
dom took also 112,000,000 pounds of
dressed beef from the United States,
valued at nearly (10.0CO,000. The re
port shows that during the nine mouths
immediately preceding September 30,
1894, the United States exported to
Great Britain 222.676.000 pounds of
pork; of apples, 1,900,000. valued at
(2,500.000; and of horses, 2881, at an
average value of (189 per head. There
was a falling off in American exports of
wheat of 13,500,000 bushels, and the
secretary is inclined to believe that
wheat may not, in the future, be the
staple export cereal product of our
country, but that corn will continue to
advance in importance as an export on
account of the new uses to which it is
constantly appropriated.
The exports of agricultural prodncts
from the United States for the fiscal
year, ending June 30, 1804, amounted to
(628,383,038i being 72.23 per cent of tlie
American exports of every description,
and the United Kingdom of Great
Britain took more than 54 per cent of
all farm products finding foreign mar
kets. The Turin.
The tariff act passed at the last session
of congress needj important amend
ments if it is to be executed effectively
and with certainty. In addition to such
necessary amendments as will not change
the rates of duty, I am still very decid
edly in favor of putting coal and iron
upon the free list. So far as the sugar
schedule is concerned, 1 would be glad,
under the existing aggravations, to see
i every particle of differential duty in fa
, vor of refined sugar stricken out of our
' tariff law. If with all the favor accord
' ed the sugar-refining interest in our tar
iff laws if still langui-hes to the extent
of closing refineries and discharging thou
sands of workmen, it would seem to
present a hopeless case for reasonable
legislation. Whatever else is done
or omitted, I earnestly repeat here the
recommendation I have made in an
other portion of this communication,
that the additional dntv of 1-lOth of a
cent per pound laid upon sugar im
.ported from countries paving a bounty
on its export be abrogated. It see.nn tj
me that exceedingly important con
siderations point to the propriety of this
amendment with the advent of a new
tariff policy not only calculated to re
' lieve the consumers of our land in the
co t of their daily life; hut to invite a
i better development of American thrift
and create for us closer and more profit
able commercial relations with the rest
of the world, it follows as a logical and
imperative necessity that we should at
once remove the chief, if not the only
obstacle which has so long prevented
our participation in the foreign
carrying trade of the sea. A
tariff built upon the theory thai
it is well to check imports, and thai
a home market should hound the indus
try and effort of American producers,
was fitly supplemented by a refusal tc
allow American registry to vessels bnill
abroad, though owned and navigated by
our own people, thus exhibiting a willing
ness to abandon all contest for . the ad
vantage of American trans-oceanic car
riage. Our new tariff policy, built upon
the theory that it is well to encourage
such importations as our people need,
and that our products and manufacture!
should find markets in every part of the
habitable globe, is consistently supple
mented by the greatest possible liberty
to our citizens in the ownership and
navigation of ships in which our prod
ncts and manufacturers may be trans
ported. Tlie millions now paid foreign
ers for carrying American passengers
and products across tlie sea should be
turned into American hands. Ship
building, which has been protected to
strangulation, should be revived by the
prospect of profitable emoloyment for
ships when built, and the American
sailor should be resurrected and again
take his place, a sturdy and industrious
citizen in time of peace and a patriotic
and safe defender of American interests
in the days of conflict. The ancient
provision of our law, denying American
registry to ships built abroad and
owned by Americans, appears in the
light of present conditions not only to
be a failure for good at every point, but
to be nearer a relic of barbarism than
anything that exists under the per
mission of a statute of the United
States. I earnestly recommend iti
prompt repeal.
The Stride Investigation.
By virtue of a statute of the United
States, passed in 1883, I appointed in
July last Hon. John D. Krnan. of the
state of New York, and Hon. Nicholas
S. Worthington, of the state of Illinois,
to confer with Hon. Carroll D. Wright,
commissioner of labor, who was desig
nated by said statute, a commission for
the purpose oi making careful inquiry
into tlie causes of the controversies be
tween certain railroads and their em
ployes, which had resulted in an ex
tensive and destructive strike, accom
panied by much violence ami dangerous
disturbances, with considerable loss of
life and great destruction of property.
The report of the commissioners has
been Biibmitted to me, and will be
transmitted to congress, with the evi
dence taken upon their investigation.
Their work has been well done, and
their standing and intelligence give
assurance that the report and sug
gestions they make are worthy of care
ful consideration.
Conclusion.
I conclude this communication, fully
appreciating that the responsibility for
all legislation affecting tlie people of the
United States rests npon their rep
resentatives in congress, and assuring
them that whether in accordance with
the recommendations I have made, or
not, I shall be glad to co-operate in per
fecting any legislation that tends to the
prosperity and welfare of our country.
No ous wtU be turprirel to loam thnt prlrs
tlRhter consider football brutal. It requires
prizi'fthler' intellect 10 make time delictual.
unctioai.
Harry Lartigne of Dayton has been
arrested for complicity in" the murder of
Jasper Mills of Garfield eoimtv. Vli
Via was ii l...n -. T.a.,, n-,.,. ,. .1 i.. 1 I t. .
jail. .. .''
The farmers of Walla Walla Valle 1
will make an urgent demand oa tbe
next Legislature for the enactment of a
law providing for a State Wheat In-.
spector. ' - . .
Marshal Hallery proposes to rid, Walla
Walla of hobos. W ithin the past we k
he has escorted eleven of the fraternity
to the outskirts of the city and directed
them never to return.