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About The Argus. (Hillsboro, Or.) 1894-1895 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 6, 1894)
NO TRUTH IN IT. English Government tla) Mot Admitted ICrror to Nicaragua. London, December 8. It is author itatively stated that there is no truth in the statement that the English govern ment had admitted that its Minister to Blueflelds had exceeded his powers with regard to the Blueflelds incident, and that he would be recalled. It is learned Great Britain has informed Nicaragua she could not recognize certain decrees regarding land registration and other matters whicli Great Britain holds with out violating the treaty with Nicaragua. The statement that Great Britain re fused to recognize the new Niearagtian government at Bluullelds is positively denied. The question wa not one of sovereignty of Nicaragua over the Mos quito coast, which Great Britain had already acknowledged in the above men tioned treaty. BUT HAS SnE MODIFIED IT? Washington, December 3. The sud denly modified attitude of Great Britain toward Nicaragua is attributable, in the opinion of naval officers, solely to the positive determination of the United mates to maintain its announced prin ciples through a mobilization of war ships, if necessary, rather than by re course to the slow and unsatisfactory methods of diplomacy hitherto em ployed. ' THE GOLD RESERVE. II Is One Mora In Its Normal Condi tion. Washington, December 3. The treas ury gold reserve is intact again, stand ing to-day, as a result of the recent bund issue, above 110:1,000,000, and when all he gold is paid in it will reach (115,000, 000. Now that the reserve lias paased the $100,000,000 mark, it is believed that Secretary Carlisle will resume the issue oi gold cert I Ilea tes tor such additional gold as may lie subsequently deposited, when such rertilicales are desired. It is generally conceded that the law bear ing on the subject is mandatory in its provisions. DEPOSITED BY THE SYNDICATE. New Yohr, December 8. The Stewart bond syndicate deposited (3.859,028 in gold in the subtreaHiiry on the bond nc count to-day, making a total of (37,771,- oia gout deposited since the new govern ment loan was awarded to the syndicate, The agents of the syndicate have sold between 13,0i)0,00 and $14,001)000 of the bonds, and the demand still con tinues heavy. MONTHLY STATEMENT. Over Eight Millions' Koii of Expendi tures During- November. Washington, December 8. The regu lar monthly treasury statement, issued Saturday, shows an excess of expendi tures over receipts for November oM?, 160,387, which makes the deficiency for the Ave months of the fiscal year (22, 610,220. The receipts during November were: Custom! , (r.JCO.lVi Inie nslicveiiue 7, 7-1 0 4 llMwllaueoui auuici't l,;i7d,i.o7 Tolal. HMIM03 Tolal for live months, $130,308,817. The disbursements for the month amount to (27.507,770, of which $12,037, 805 is on account of pensions, making the disbursements for the live months 158,000,043. rostnl's New M'lre Working;. CntcAQo, December 3. The Postal-Telegraph-Cable Company inaugurated its new wires to the Pacific Coast to night at midnight after a preliminary test this afternoon, during which Presi dent John W. Mackey held brief con versation with the. officers of the com pany at San Francisco from his ofllce in New York. The circuit from New York to San Francisco is working perfectly. The new line of the company follows the routes of the Atchison ahdTopeka and the Atlantic and Pacific railroads. Itebnls In Hraill. Montevideo, December 3. From offi cial sources in the Brazilian Junta the correspondent here has obtained the fol lowing: The rebels have now in the province of Rio Grande do 8ul 11,400 men in the field, all well armed, besides 600 horses, 68 pieces of light artillery and 7 of heavy, while in the province ol Pernamhuco they have 2.200 well equipped men with 14 pieces of light ar tillery and more men and cannon en route. As soon as these arrive the force in revolt will increase. Official Keeognltlnn of Hawaii. Washixoton, December 3. Hawaiian Charge d'Affaires Frank IT. Hastings ha: received in the mall information that since the establishment of the Republic in Hawaii July4 ofliciul recognition from the following governments have heen re ceived: United States, Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Belgium, Mexico, Guatemala; also notice of intents from Germany and Peru. To Aid the San Joaquin Road. Stockton, Col., December 8. At a meeting of the business men of Stockton to-nlglit it was determined to form a Stockton Chamber of Commerce, the objects of which shall be the advance ment of the institutions of Stockton and San Jotiquin county permanently by aid ing in the construction of a competing line of railroad through the San Jonnnin Valley from Stockton to Bakersfleld at least. . Are They I'miuOlnii Indians Ottawa, Ont., December S.t The De partment of Indian Affairs was to-day informed by telegraph from Butte City, Mont., that 300 Canadian Cree Indians were up ill arms against the whites and rattle were being killed and stolen. The department officials are of the opinion that, the Indians are, not Canadian, but itoee who emigrated after Riel's expedi tion. . Trial of the Lynchers. -Memphis, December 3. In the trial of , vT, S. Richarckon. and II. F. Smith for the lynching otsix negroes Smith took the Bland and contradicted his state ments made Wednesday in his direct examination, He seemed badly both ered, and itivolved himself in many con tradictory statements. ; , Senator-elect Leah of Yakima county, Wash., is preparing a bill prohibiting county governments from creating or maintaining a special cash fund for the payment of salaries of officers. The Finance Committee of the Seattle Council and the City Controller have finished their work on the tax levy, which is for this year fixed at 12 5-8 mills, as against 13 mills last year. Placer mines are still working in Baker county, Or., but the final clean up will soon be made. The run has been the best since the palmy dayi of the '60s. ' VOL. 1. PRESIDENTS MESSAGE Deals Largely With Reports of Departments. FEW RECOMMENDATIONS MADE Secretary Carlisle's Banking and Cur rency Finn Favored Tariff 11111 Needs Amending Relntlon or United States With the Foreign rowers. Following is the full text of President Cleveland's message as read in congress today : The assemblage within the nation's legislative halls of those charged with the duty ot making laws for the benefit of a generous and free people impres sively suggests the exacting obligation and inexorable responsibility involved in ineir limn. At tlie tliresliold ot such labor, now to be undertaken bv the congress of the United States, and in the discharge of an executive duty en Joined by the constitution, I submit this communication, containing a brief statement of the condition of our na tional nll'airs and recommending such legislation as seems to me necessary and expedient. The State Department. The history of our recent dealings with other nations and our peaceful re lations with them at this time addition ally demonstrate the advantage of con sistently adhering to a firm hut just foreign policy, free from envious or am bitious national schemes, and charac terized by entire honesty and sincerity. During the past year, pursuant to a law of Conuresa. coinmiHHirtnpm u-prn a n. pointed to the Antwerp industrial ex fcicaragua rule, expelling her officers, position. Though the participation of B,1(1 restoring the old organization. American exhibitors fell fur short of This, in turn, gave place to the existing completely illustrating our national in- loi'al government, established and up genuity and industrial achievements, ! ,H,ld bv Nicaragua. Although the yet it was still creditable, in view of the alien interests, arraigned against Nic brief time allowed for preparation. I nragua in these transactions, have have endeavored to impress upon the been 'arfrely American and the corn Belgian government the heedlessness merc8 of 'bat region for some time has and positive harmfulness of its restric-1 bcen' Rn(1 8ti" is chiefly controlled by tionsunon the importation of certain our citizens, we cannot for that reason of our food products and have strongly challenge the rightful sovereignty of Nic urged that the rigid supervision and in- ara8ua over tlli8 important part of snection nnder our laws are amply suf-1 ',er domain. For some months one, and licient to prevent the exportation from during p,irt of the time, two of our naval this country of diseased cattle and un- BlliPa ,,ave keen stationed at Bluefields wholesome meat. TUB CHILIAN CLAIMS. The commission organized under the convention which we had entered into with Chili for the settlement of the out standing claims of each government against the other, adjourned at the end of the period stipulated for its continu ance, leaving undetermined a number of American cases which bad been duly presented. These claims are not barred, and negotiations are in progress (or their submission to a tribunal. GERMANY'S CATTLE EMBARGO, Action upon the reported discovery of Texas fever in cargoes of American im- portatlons ot livestock and fresh meats from this country has been revived. It is honed that (iHrmBiiv will snnn Imnnmo convinced that the inhibition is as need- less as it is harmful to mutual interests, i The German government has exceptid 1 to that provisisn of the customs of the ! tarilt act which imposes a discriminat ing duty of 1-10 of a cent a pound on I sugars coming from countries paying an export bounty thereon, claiming that the enacting of such duty is in contra- i vention of articles 5 and 0 of the treaty of 1820 with Prussia. In the interest's , of the commerce of both countries, and I to avoid even the accusation of treaty violation, I recommend the repeal of so much of the statute as imposes that duty, and I invite attention to the ac- 1 companying report of the secretary of stale, containing a discussion of the 1 questions raised by the German pro- , tests. THE JIONROB DOCTRINE. I The boundary of British Guiana still ing international obligations invite our remains in dispute between Great Brit- kindly sympathy and justly our forbear ain and Venezuela. Believing that its ance in Dressincr lono nendinir claims. I early settlement on some just basis, ! alike honorable to both parties, is in the pathy in connection with certain de line of our established policy to remove mands urgently preferred by other pow- iiuui vine uumispnere an causes oi un- , ference with a power beyond the sea, I shall renew the eflbrts heretofore made to bring about restoration ol diplomatic relations between the disputants, and to induce arbitration, a resort which Great at' sary, TUB HAWAIIAN RErUBLIO. Since communlcatinor thn voluminous correspondence in regard to Hawaii and i the, action taken by the senate and house of representatives on certain questions Huomitieu to me judgment and wider discretion of congress, the organization of a government in place of the provis ional arrangement which loiiowed the deposition of the queen, has been an nounced with evidence of its effective operation. The recognition usual in such cases has been accorded the new govern ment. Under the present treaties of extra- dition with Italy miscarriages of justice nave occurreu, owing to the retusal of that government to surrender its own subjects. Thus far our eflbrts to ne gotiate an amended convention obviat ing this difficulty have been unavailing. Apart from the war in which their land is engaged, Japan attracts increas ing attention in this country by her evi dent desire to cultivate more liberal in terests with us, and to seek our kindly aid in furtherance of her laudable desire for complete autonomy in her domestic. affairs and full equality in the family of nations, ine Japanese empire of today is no longer the Japan of the past, and our relations with this progressive na tion should not be less broad and liberal than those with other powers. PUNISHMENT OF MEXICAN INSURGENTS. Good will fostered bv manv interests in common has marked our relations with our nearest southern neighbors. Peace being restored along her northern frontier, Mexico has asked the punish ment of the late disturbers of her tran quility. There ought to be a new treity ot commerce and navigation with that country to take the place of the one which terminated 13 years ago, The friendliness ot the intercourse be tween the two countries has steadily in creased, under the rule of mutual con sideration, being neither stimulated by conventional arrangements nor re tarded by jealous rivalry or selfish dis trait. Britain so conspicuously favors in prin- ciple and respects in practice, and which is earnestly sought by her weaker ad ver-i1?' THE HILLSBORO, OREGON, THURSDAY, An indemnity, tendered by Mexico as a gracious a t for the murder, in 1887, ol Leon Baldwin, an American citizen, by a band of marauders, in Durango, has been accepted, and is being paid in installments. The problem of the storage and nse of the waters of the Rio Grande for irriga tion should be solved by appropriate concurrent action of the two interested countries. Kiting in the Colorado heights, the stream flows intermittent ly, yielding little water during the dry months to the irrigation channels al ready constructed along its course. This scarcity is often severely felt in the regions where the river forms a com mon boundary. Moreover, the fre quent changes in its course often raise embarrassing question of territorial jurisdiction. the bluefields affair. Prominent among the questions of the year was the Bluefields incident, in which is known as the Mosquito Indian strip, bordering on the Atlantic ocean and within the jurisdiction of Nicara gua. By the treaty of 1800, between Great Britain and Nicaragua, the former government expressly recognized the sovereignty of the latter over the strip, and a limited form of self-government was guaranteed to the Mosquito Indians, to be exercised according to their cus tom for themselves and other dwellers within its limits. The so-called native government, which grew to be largely made up of aliens, for many years dis puted the sovereignty of Nicaragua over the strip, and claimed the right to maintain therein practically independ ent municipal government. Early in the past year the efforts of Nicaragua to maintain sovereignty over the Mosquito territory led to serious disturbances, culminating in the suppression of tlio native government, and the attempted substitution of an impracticable com posite administration, in which Nicara gua and alien residents were to partici pate. Failure was followed by an in surrection, which for a time, subverted lor ui protection oi an legitimate inter ests of our citizens. In September last the government at Managua expelled including two Americans, for alleged participation in the seditious or revolu tionary movements against the republic at Bluelields already mentioned, but through the earnest remonstrance of this government the Americans have been permitted to return to the peaceful man agement ot their business. Our naval commanders at the scene of these dis turbances, by their constant exhibition ol llrmness and good judgment, contrtb' u,ei' largely to tho prevention of more serious consequences, and to the resto- rauou oi quiet arm oruer. i regret mac in t,ie "li(,8t of tl,ese occurrences there happened a most grave and irritating fduro of Nicaraguan justice. An Amer- ,:"-!c" " . T am'" Aiaiiiit, jii uiu iuupijuiiu territory, was murdered by one Arguello, the acting governor of (he town. After some delay the murderer was arrested, but so inse curely confined or guarded, that he es caped, and, notwithstanding our repeat ed demands, it is claimed that his recap ture has been impossible by reason of his flight beyond Nicaraguan jurisdiction. The Nicaraguan authorities, having given notice of forfeiture of the conces sion to the canal company on grounds purely technical, and not embraced in the contract, have receded from that position. Peru, I regret to say, shows symptoms of domestic disturbance, due probably to the slowness of her recuperation from the distresses of the war of 1881 Weak- eTf, jn resnnreee her ilirliniillios In far have felt constrained to testify this sym- crs. TIIB BALVADORIAN REFUGEES. The government of Salvador, having been overthrown by an abrupt popular outoreaic, certain ot its military and i ?lv" ..V " . "l y Pu. T Dy 1 ' ("' ed insurgents, sought refuge on tb, l1 States warship Ben- , ., ... . ., . .. . . ports. Although the practice of asylum is not favored by this government, yet, in view of the imminent peril which threatened the fugitives and solely for considerations of humanity, they were afforded shelter hvaur naval commander. and, when they were atterward demand' ed under our treaty of extradition with buivador lor trial on charges of murder, arson and robbery, I directed that such of them as had not voluntarily left the ship be conveyed to one of our nearest ports, where a hearing could be heard before a judicial officer in compliance with the terms of the treaty. On their arrival at San Francisco, such a proceed ing was promptly instituted before the United States district judge, who held that the acts constituting the alleged of fences were political, and discharged all the accused except one Cienfuegos, who was held for an attempt to murder. Thereupon, I was constrained to direct his release, for the reason that an at tempt to murder was not one of the Crimea charged against him, and upon which his surrender to the Salvadorian authorities had been demanded. AN ANXOYINO AFFAIR WITH SPAIN. Unreasonable and unjust fines im posed by Spain,- on the vessels and com merce of the United States have de manded, from time to time during the last 20 years, earnest remonstrance on the part of our government. In the im mediate past exorbitant penalties have been imposed upon our vessels and goods by the customs authorities of Cuba and Torto Rico for clerical errors of the most trivial natue in the manifests or, bills of lading. In some cases fines amount ing to thousands of dollars have been levied upon cargoes, or the carrying vessels, when the goods in question were entitled to free entry; fines have been exacted even when the error has been detected and the Spanish authorities notified before the arrival of goods in port. This conduct is in strange con trast with the considerate and liberal treatment extended to Spanish vessels and cargoes in our ports in like cases. No satisfactory settletpent these vexa tions questions has lx?en yet reached. The Mora case, referred to in my last message, remains unsettled. From the diplomatic coriespoiidenre on this sub ject, which has been laid before the senate, it will be seen that this govern ment has ofleied to conclude a conven tion with Spain for disposal by arbitra tion of outstanding claims against the two countries, except the Mora claim, which, having been long ago adjusted, now only awaits the permits as stipu lated, and, of course, it could not be in cluded in the proposed convention. It was hoped that this oiler would remove tlie parliamentary obstacles encoun tered by the Spanish government in providing payment of the Mora indem nity. 1 regret to say that no definite reply to this offer has yet been made, and all efforts to secure payment of this unsettled claim have been unavail ing. EXPULSION OF ARMENIANS BY TURRET. In my last annual message I adverted to the claim on the part of Turkey' of the right to expel, as persons undesira ble and dangerous, Armenians natural ized in the United States and returning to Turkish jurisdiction. Numerous questions in lliiB relation have arisen. While this government acquisced in the the asserted right of expulsion, it would not consent that Armenians may be im prisoned or otherwise punished for no other reason than having acquired, without imperial consent, American citizenship. Three of the assailants of Miss Moulton, an American teacher in Mosul, have been convicted by the Ottoman courts, and I am advised that an appeal against the acquittal of the remaining live lias been taken by the Turkish prosecuting officer. A convention has been concluded with Venezuela for the arbitration of a long disputed claim growing out of the seizure of certain vessels, tlie property of citizens of the United States. Although signed, the treaty of extra dition with Venezuela is not yet in force, owing to the insistence of that government, that, when surrendered, its citizens shall in no case be liable to capital punishment. TO PREVENT. COLLISIONS AT SEA. The rules for the prevention of col lisions at sea, which were framed by the ' nation s ana oiner worKs oi ueiense. maritime conference, held in this city in I The PIlT1 cn.rr.?t year 1889. having been concu.rently incor-1 a?Kregated (52,429,112 3, and the esti ported in the statutes of the United j mate,8 bmitud by the secretary of States and Great Britain, have been WM,,?r3h8 next fiscal year call for ap annmmced to take effect March 1, 1895, lpPJ?atl0M amo'lntlJ18 to (62,318, and invitations have been extended to i , . . . , . , .. all maritime nations to adhere to them. Tne ekl11 and industry of our ordl- Favorable responses have thus far been received from Australia, France, Portu - gal, Spain and Sweden. The Treanurjr Department. The secretary of tho treasury reports that the receipts of government from all sources of revenue during the fiscal year, a supply of finished guns of large cali ended June 30, 1894, amounted to (372,- , ber already on hand to which additions 802.498 29, and its expenditures to (442,- should now rapidly follow, the wisdom 605,;58 87, leaving a deficit of (09,803,- of providing carriages and emplacement 2(ii 58. There was a decrease of (15,- for their mount cannot be too strongly 1)52,674 06 in the ordinary expenses of urged. the government, as compared with the! The total enrollment of the militia of fiscal year of 18S8. There was collected from customs (131,818 530 62. and from internal revenue (147.168.449 70. The balance of the income for the year, amounting to (93,815.517 97, was derived from the sales of land and other sources, The value of our total dutiable imports amounted to 4275.199,080, being (140,- 657,625 less than during the preceding year, and the importations free of duty amounted to (..79,795,530, being t84, 748, 075 less than during the preceding year. The receipts from customs were (73,536, 4M5 11 less, and from internal revenues $13,830,539 07 less than 1S93. The total tax collected was: Distilled spirits, (85, 259 250 25; manufactured tobacco, (8, 617,898 02; fermented liquors. (31,414, 718 04. Our exports of merchandise, domestic and foreign, amounted during the year to $802,140,572, being an increase over the preceding year of (44,495,378. The total amount of gold exported during the fiscal year was (70,898,061, as against (108,080,444 during the fiscal year 1893. The amount, imported was (72,449,110, as against 421,174,381 during tho previ ous fiscal yenr, 1893. The imports of silver were (13 286,552, and the exports were (50,451,205. ' THE SUGAR BOUNTY. The total bounty paid upon the pro duction of sugar in the 'United States for the fiscal year was $12,100,208 89, being an increase of (2,725.078 over the payments during the preceding year. Tlie amount of bounty paid from Julv 1, 1804, to August 28, 1894, the time when further payments ceased by operation of the law, was (906,185 84. The total expenses incurred in the pay-, ment of the bounty noon sugar during the fiscal year was (130,140 85. It is estimated that upon the basis of our present revenue laws, the receipts of the government during the current fiscal year, ending Juno 30, 1895, will be (424,427.740 44, and its expenditures (444,427,748 44, resulting in a deficit of (20.000,000. November 1, 1894, the total stock of money of all kinds in the country was (2.240,773,888. as against $2,204,661,000 November 1, 1893, and the money of all kinds in circulation not included' in the treasury holdings was (1,672,093,422, or (24 73 per capita, upon an estimated population of 68,887.000. At the same time there was held in the treasury gold bullion amounting to (44,615,177 55, and silver bullion, which was purchased at a cost of (127,779,988. TUB SILVER PURCHASES. The purchase of silver bullion, under the act of July 14, 1890, ceased Novem ber 1, 1393, and tip to that time there had been purchased during the fiscal year 11,917,058 78 fine ounces at a cost of (8.715,521 32, an average cost of (0.7313 per fine ounce. The total amount of silver purchased from the time that law took effect until the re peal of ita purchasing clause, on the date last mentioned, was 108,674,682 53 fine ounces for which $155,931,002 25 was paid, the average price per fine ounce being (0.0244. The War Department. From the report of the secretary of war it appears that the strength of the army on Septemher SO, 1804, was 2,135 officers and 25,705 enlisted men. Al though this is apparently a very slight decrease, compared with the previous year, the actual effective force has been increased to the equivalent of nearly two regiments through the organization of the system of recruiting and the conse quent release to regimental duty of a large force of men hitherto serving at the recruiting depots. The abolition of these depots, it is predicted, will further more effect an annual reduction appoxi mating (250,000, in the direct expendi tures, besides promoting generally the health, morals and discipline of the troops. The execution of tha policy of ARGUSo DECEMBER 6. 1894. concentrating the army at important centers of population and transportation, forshadowed in the last annual report of the secretary, has resulted in the aban donment of 15 of the smaller posts, which was effected nnder a plan which assembled organizations of the same regiments hitherto widelv separated. This renders our small force more read ily effective for any service which they may be called npon to perform, in creases the extent of the territory under protection without diminishing the security heretofore afforded to any locality, improves the dicipline, train ing and esprit-dn-corps of the army, besides considerably decreasing the cost of its maintenance. Thouxh the forces of the department of the East have been somewhat increased, more than three-fourths of the army is still stationed west of the Mississippi. This carefully matured policy which secures the best and greatest service in the interest of the general welfare from tha small forces comprising our regular army, should not be thoughtlessly em barrassed by the creation of new and unnecessary posts through acts of con gress to gratify the ambitions or in terests of localities. While the maxi mum legal strength, through various causes, is but little over 20,000 men, the purpose of congress does not therefore seem to be fully attained by the exist ing conditions." "While no considerable increase in the arm y is, in my judg ment, demanded by recent events, the policy of sea coast fortifications in the prosecution of which we have been steadily engaged for some years, has so far developed as to suggest that the effective strength of the army be now made at least equal to the legal strength. COST OF THE ARMY. The total expenditures for the war de partment for the year ending June 30, 1804, amounted to (56,030,009 34. Oi this sum t2,000,614 0i was for salaries and contingent expenses, 423,665,156 16 for the support of the military estab lishments, 5,001,632 23 for miscel laneous objects, and (25,371,155 90 for public works. This latter sum includes 119,404,037 49 for river and harbor im provements, and 3,974,863 56 for fortl iica t ions and other works of defense. ?a,nce f" and inventors have, it is ! relieved, overcome the mechanical ob- stacles which have heretofore delayed the armament of our coasts. This great national undertaking upon which we have entered may now proceed as rap idly as congress shall determine. With the several states is 117.533 officers and enlisted men, an increase of 5,3)3 over the number reported at the close of the previous year. The reports of militia inspections by regular army officers show a marked increase in interest and efficiency instate organizations, and I strongly recommend a continuance of the policy of affording every practical . encouragement possible to this im- portant auxiliary of our military estab lishment. INDIAN PRISONERS. The condition of the Apache Indians held as prisoners by the government for eight years at a cost of (5U0.O00 has been changed during the year from captivity to one which gives them an opportunity to demonstrate their capacity for self support and at least partial civilization. Legislation enacted at the latest session of congress gave tlie war department authority to transfer the survivors, who number 348, from Mount Vernon bar racks, in Alabama, to many suitable reservations. Tlie department selected as their future home tlie military lands near Fort Sill, Indian territory, where, under military surveillance, the former prisoners have been established in agriculture under conditions favorable to their advancement,. In recognition of the long and distin guished military services and faithful discharge of the delicate and respon sible civic duties by Major-General John M. Schofield, now general commanding the army, it is suggested to congress that the temporary revival of the grade of lieutenant-general in his behalf would be a just and gracious act, and would permit his retirement now near at hand with rank befitting his merits. Department of Justice. The report of the attorney-general notes the gratifying progress made by the supreme court in overcoming the ar rears of its business and in reaching a condition in which it will be able to dis pose of the cases as they arise without any reasonable delay. This result is, of course, veny largely due to the success ful working of the plan inaugurating cir cuit courts of appeals. In respect to these tribunals a suggestion is made in quarters entitled to the highest consid eration, that an additional circuit judge for each circuit would greatly strengthen these courts and the confidence reposed in their adjudications, and that such an addition would not create a greater force of judges than the increasing business of such courts reonires. I commend the suggestions to the careful consideration of congress. Other important topics are advocated in the report, accompanied by recommendations, many of which have been treated at large in previous messages and at this time, therefore, need only be named. I refer to the abolition of the fee system as a measure of compensation to federal officers ; -the enlargement of the powers of United States commissioners at least in the ter ritories', the allowance of writs of error in criminal cases on behalf of the United States, and the establishment of a grade by congress in the crime of murder. A topic dealt with by the attorney-general of much importance is the condition of the administration of justice in the In dian territory. The permanent solution of what is called the Indian problem is Erobably not to be expected at once, ut, meanwhile, such ameliorations of present conditions as the existing sys tem will admit of ought not to be neg lected. I am satisfied that there should be a federal court established for the ter ritory with sufficient judges and that this court should sit within the territory and have the same jurisdiction as to territorial affairs as is now vested in the federal courts sitting in Arkansas and Texas. THI UNION PACIFIC RAILWAY. Another subject of pressing moment referred to by the attorney-general ii the NO. 37. 'eorganization of the Union Pacific Rail way Company on a basis equitable as regards all private interests and as favor ible to the government as existing con ditions will permit. The operation of railroad by a court through a receiver is an anomalous state of things which -hould be terminated on all grounds, public and private, at the earliest pos sible moment. Besides, not to enact the needed enabling legislation at the pres ent session postpones the whole matter until the assemnling of a new congress, and inevitably increases all the compli cations of the situation, and could not but be regarded as a signal failure to xolve a problem which has practically been before the present congress ever since its organization. Kight years ago, in my annual mes sage, I nrged upon congress as strongly as I could the location and construction of two prisons for the confinement of United States prisoners. A similar rec ommendation has been made from time to time since, and a few years ago a law was passed providing for the selection of sites for these institutions. No appro priation has, however, been made to carry the act into effect, and the old and discreditable condition still exists. It is not my purpose at this time to repeat the considerations which make an im pregnable case in favor of the ownership and management by the government ol penal institutions in which the federal prisoners are confined. I simply desire to again urge my former recommenda tions on the subject and to particularly rail the attention of congress to that part of the report of the secretary of war, in which he states that the military prison at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, can be turned over to the government as a prison for federal convicts without the least difficulty and with an actual saving of money from every point of view. Pending a more complete reform, I hope that by the adoption of the suggestion of the secretary of war this easy step may be taken in the direction of the proper care of its convicts by the gov ernment of the United States. Postofflee Department. The report of the postmaster-general presents a comprehensive statement of the operations of the postofiice depart ment for the last fiscal year. The re ceipts of the department during the year amounted to (75,080,470 04, and the expenditures to (84.324,414 15. The transactions of the postal service in dicate with barometric certainty the fluctuation in the business of the coun try. As much, therefore, as business complications continued to exist throughout the last year to an unfore seen extent it is not surprising that the deficiency of revenue to meet the ex penditures of the postoffice department, which was estimated in advance at alxnit (8,000,000, should exceed the es timate. The ascertained revenues last year which were the basis of calculation for the current year, being less than es timated, the deficiency for the current year will be correspondingly greater, thougk the postmaster-general states that the latest indications are so favor able that he confidently predicts an in crease of at least 8 per cent in the revenues of the current year over those of the last year. The expenditures increase steadily and necessarily with the growth and needs of the country so that tho de ficiency is greater or less in any year 'lepending upon the volume of receipts. The postmaster-general states that this deficiency is unnecessary and might be obviated at once if the law regulating rates upon mail matter of the second class was modified. The rate received for the transmission of this second-class matter is 1 cent per pound, while the cost of such transmission to the govern ment is eight times that amount. In the general terms of the law this rate covers newspapers and periodicals. TUB LAW ABUSED. The extension of the meaning of the terms from time to time have admitted to the privileges intended for legitimate newspapers and periodicals a surprising range of publications, and created abuses the cost of which amount in the aggre gate to the total deficiency of the post office department. Pretended newspa pers are started by business houses for tlie mere purpose of advertising goods, complying with the law in form only, and discontinuing the publications as soon as the period of advertising is over. Sample copies of pretended newspapers are issued in great numbers for a like purpose only. The result is a great loss of revenue to the government besides its humiliating use as an agency to aid in' carrying out the scheme of "a business house to advertise its goods by means of a trick npon both its rival houses and the regular and legitimate news papers. Paper-covered literature, con sisting mainly of trashy novels, to the extent of many thousands of tons, is sent through the mails at 1 cent a pound, while the publishers of standard works are required to pay 8 times that amount in sending their publications. An abuse consists in the tree carriage through the mails of hundreds of tons of seed and grain uselessly distributed through the department of agriculture. The postmaster-general predicts that if the law be so amended as to eradicate these abuses, not only will the postoffice department not show a deficiency, but he believes that in the near future all legitimate newspapers, periodicals and magazines will be properly transmitted through the mails to their subscribers free of cost. I invite your prompt con sideration of this subject, and fully in dorse the views of the postmaster-general. The total number of p istoffices in the United States on the 30th day of June, 1894. was 68.805, an increase of 1403 over tlie preceding year. Of these 3428 were presidential, an increase in that class ot 68 over the preceding year. Six hundred and ten cities and towns are provided with free delivery, 03 other cities and towns entitled to this service under the law have not been accorded it on account of insufficient funds. The expense of free delivery of the enrrent fiscal year will be more than $12,300,000, and under existing legislation this item of expenditure is subject to constant in crease. The estimated cost of rural free delivery generally is so very large that it ought not to be considered in the present condition of affairs. There are connected with the post office establishment 32,661 employes who are in the classified service. This includes many who have been classified on the suggestion of the postmaster general. He states that another year's experience at the head of the depart ment serves only to strengthen his con viction as to the excellent working of the civil service in this branch of the public Mrricfc Department of A jrleultnre. The secretary of agriculture in his re port, reviews the operations of his de partment for the last fiscal year, and makes recommendations for the further extension of its usefulness. He report a saving in the expenditure during the year of (600,000, which is covered back into the treasury. This sum is 23 per cent of the entire appropriation. A special study has been made of the de mand for American farm products in all foreign markets, and especially Great Britain. That country received from the United States during the nine months, ending Septemlier 30, 1804, 305 910 live beef cattle, valued at (-'0.-500,000 as against 182,611 rattle valued at (16,624,000, during the same period for 1893. During the first six months of 1394. the United King dom took also 112,000,000 pounds of dressed beef from the United States, valued at nearly (10.0CO,000. The re port shows that during the nine mouths immediately preceding September 30, 1894, the United States exported to Great Britain 222.676.000 pounds of pork; of apples, 1,900,000. valued at (2,500.000; and of horses, 2881, at an average value of (189 per head. There was a falling off in American exports of wheat of 13,500,000 bushels, and the secretary is inclined to believe that wheat may not, in the future, be the staple export cereal product of our country, but that corn will continue to advance in importance as an export on account of the new uses to which it is constantly appropriated. The exports of agricultural prodncts from the United States for the fiscal year, ending June 30, 1804, amounted to (628,383,038i being 72.23 per cent of tlie American exports of every description, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain took more than 54 per cent of all farm products finding foreign mar kets. The Turin. The tariff act passed at the last session of congress needj important amend ments if it is to be executed effectively and with certainty. In addition to such necessary amendments as will not change the rates of duty, I am still very decid edly in favor of putting coal and iron upon the free list. So far as the sugar schedule is concerned, 1 would be glad, under the existing aggravations, to see i every particle of differential duty in fa , vor of refined sugar stricken out of our ' tariff law. If with all the favor accord ' ed the sugar-refining interest in our tar iff laws if still langui-hes to the extent of closing refineries and discharging thou sands of workmen, it would seem to present a hopeless case for reasonable legislation. Whatever else is done or omitted, I earnestly repeat here the recommendation I have made in an other portion of this communication, that the additional dntv of 1-lOth of a cent per pound laid upon sugar im .ported from countries paving a bounty on its export be abrogated. It see.nn tj me that exceedingly important con siderations point to the propriety of this amendment with the advent of a new tariff policy not only calculated to re ' lieve the consumers of our land in the co t of their daily life; hut to invite a i better development of American thrift and create for us closer and more profit able commercial relations with the rest of the world, it follows as a logical and imperative necessity that we should at once remove the chief, if not the only obstacle which has so long prevented our participation in the foreign carrying trade of the sea. A tariff built upon the theory thai it is well to check imports, and thai a home market should hound the indus try and effort of American producers, was fitly supplemented by a refusal tc allow American registry to vessels bnill abroad, though owned and navigated by our own people, thus exhibiting a willing ness to abandon all contest for . the ad vantage of American trans-oceanic car riage. Our new tariff policy, built upon the theory that it is well to encourage such importations as our people need, and that our products and manufacture! should find markets in every part of the habitable globe, is consistently supple mented by the greatest possible liberty to our citizens in the ownership and navigation of ships in which our prod ncts and manufacturers may be trans ported. Tlie millions now paid foreign ers for carrying American passengers and products across tlie sea should be turned into American hands. Ship building, which has been protected to strangulation, should be revived by the prospect of profitable emoloyment for ships when built, and the American sailor should be resurrected and again take his place, a sturdy and industrious citizen in time of peace and a patriotic and safe defender of American interests in the days of conflict. The ancient provision of our law, denying American registry to ships built abroad and owned by Americans, appears in the light of present conditions not only to be a failure for good at every point, but to be nearer a relic of barbarism than anything that exists under the per mission of a statute of the United States. I earnestly recommend iti prompt repeal. The Stride Investigation. By virtue of a statute of the United States, passed in 1883, I appointed in July last Hon. John D. Krnan. of the state of New York, and Hon. Nicholas S. Worthington, of the state of Illinois, to confer with Hon. Carroll D. Wright, commissioner of labor, who was desig nated by said statute, a commission for the purpose oi making careful inquiry into tlie causes of the controversies be tween certain railroads and their em ployes, which had resulted in an ex tensive and destructive strike, accom panied by much violence ami dangerous disturbances, with considerable loss of life and great destruction of property. The report of the commissioners has been Biibmitted to me, and will be transmitted to congress, with the evi dence taken upon their investigation. Their work has been well done, and their standing and intelligence give assurance that the report and sug gestions they make are worthy of care ful consideration. Conclusion. I conclude this communication, fully appreciating that the responsibility for all legislation affecting tlie people of the United States rests npon their rep resentatives in congress, and assuring them that whether in accordance with the recommendations I have made, or not, I shall be glad to co-operate in per fecting any legislation that tends to the prosperity and welfare of our country. No ous wtU be turprirel to loam thnt prlrs tlRhter consider football brutal. It requires prizi'fthler' intellect 10 make time delictual. unctioai. Harry Lartigne of Dayton has been arrested for complicity in" the murder of Jasper Mills of Garfield eoimtv. Vli Via was ii l...n -. T.a.,, n-,.,. ,. .1 i.. 1 I t. . jail. .. .'' The farmers of Walla Walla Valle 1 will make an urgent demand oa tbe next Legislature for the enactment of a law providing for a State Wheat In-. spector. ' - . . Marshal Hallery proposes to rid, Walla Walla of hobos. W ithin the past we k he has escorted eleven of the fraternity to the outskirts of the city and directed them never to return.