14
JOB PRINTNG
Our Job Printing- Department
Surpasses any in th County
for neatness, quick neas and
cheapness. Call and be eon
vinced.
WW
HILLS BORO WASHINGTON COUNTY, OREGON, FRIDAY, JULY 6 1900
Vol. XXVIII.
No. 7.
OUR OFFER
.'Nbt-.i'KNbKNT and Weekly
Oregcmiun, both for $2.00 per
year. Indki'F.ndknt and the
Twire-a-Wcek Courier -Journal
both for only $tper year.
OKNKRAL Dl RECTORY.
SI VI FFIfclW.
.ov.ruor i,-T-Ui'"
-woielarv ulHuu luobr
Iroasumr 'baa.o. Moot
-upl. futilio liuitrootioo...J. II AeSermaB
ititia 1'riiiU.r "mh1
Cbaa. fc. Wolvarfcai
K; "v.""
F. A. Moor
lu.l.r Fifth District .... . A. Monrni
Kwriuiy Fifth lilnot .
T j. tMwloli
.i.l
OuiumiHswiiers
I'lerk
SlierlS
d-corder
1 rt)j.urt r ....
iHMjr
n'tvil SuiKTliilfUiH.nl
-vurveyor -
unaier -
I A. hod
.J. t. A. Voiiuii
. i.U. Toad
.1. A. IlUlnlr
.. W l. Iliad'ofd
.1 alviu J'
.. A. B. 'ady
... f A. O.v.l
.. II. A. Hail
. A. A. Mornii
'. I.. LMft
OIlMtiiN 01 I V LAND OH'ICK.
Cbaa. It. Moofea Krister
Vni.t.a.iosay
I IH OrrlOKItti.
( . U-o. S ileus . Mayoi
I . . Tim.. 1 uiai
f .... J. M. Hreeai
i. mIhm John V iimih
John Mil"
. . lit l I OH II.KIUUU
i.noordnl B.iu'l Kvuriil
l.o.uiiiror 'i'i,o Ulm"
sural. i w u. Mllillb
iualioa ol Pease j 8 11 Humphreys
.trtil OrKIl k INr'OKMVlTON.
u.n.la oloae at tbe Hillsboro
feat
uotfvve.t Union, bethary .Ddid,
11 ill, tti 7:.W a. ui.
"i-rriuitonauil U...L d..l
1 1'i
imUIUill AND WXJIK-rV NO110EH.
.jm.i "'o,l K
evcniiiK H ." it 10 a. ui.
t II h. in.: nuuuij
... .ui.lllltf MYIHT ' i, ...
rieuj.
II ui I iiihii, I'ttnlor.
v tiumttm. ii ' ""rii
9Y -1U11K
I..IK... ...--iin BH,lud""(
....wral urKyr niwtiu nn
: IJ r
itllllSllAN CHI' IK H I'rewliniirlatW
( , . 4 I. tJ.i.idaVH in month at 11
l-ruvU i,i-H..K Ti.tira.lay eve.in.K,
CbrialUn '' ''rKlVIVlSK I'antor.
A. O. U. W
I I 11. I.HI (HID 1.01MIK NO. .";"
"" "',u,,, T'M'uuut;'KAii.iJ.iw.
W. II. WahriiUK, Kiwoeder.
inuvhlrrit f KelH-kah.
I I LUSIK. KKHKKAM IIHWIJII
I 1 M, I. O. 1). ui"ta in IWd ellow
Hall ever Haturilaj eyeniUK.
i. r ii.
llXriKOKtl OKANUK, N). 73, mta
2u,l and till H- dayaol aaoh lu.iutb.
tiHiiriaU). Maa-i,
11
M. IN I K.H M A U II kVk NO 60 BiyU
WmliK-ailay fTnuiK at Ito olouk.lu l t.
k-. Hall. Viaitura madp wxlomua.
U. M. 0. Uaott, Hwo'y.
Ir(tref of llonoi.
IMIK I'KIJKK K OK IUINOK. A. . H.
I W me. i In KI I .'ell..a' Hall efr.
I'al and n.rd '".Uy rc
month. M.M. Hr.dKM.tl. l H.
Mra. Nfllii Marf, Kk. orlr.
IttttlilMMir SNIrra.
HII.K.NUIA TKMI'I.E NO. I". It. ..
1 ,n.acv..ry 2ml ind 4Hi Kriday in.a. h
,oiiilial7::iioVI,- a in V rl.ruiiK HU.
Mi-aS Miinm;toii
Mra Nellif H' . M- K-l"
M. ot II. and '.
" k. r r.
llENIX MMKIK. NO. :4. K. OK FM
1 nmota in M . ' UhII on Monday
;vniim of fapli li. Mojotiruinn brethwu
.alooiuotl In loU:e mwtiiiKa.
A. t mid A. M.
MHiAI.ITV I-OIXIK NO. ft, A. K. 4 A. M.,
1 nnwta evury Hatnrtlay uihl on or after
ol" "'-ThaILKY. W. M.
It. C4ni.i, fwretary.
O. V.. H.
rM' AI.ATlN rilAI'TKK. NO.S1.0.K.H,
I mwin at Xlaionic IVinpIo on ih 'Ind
a'ld 4th 1'ii'n.lay ol rauli month.
k. 0. T. St.
VIOI. A TKNT, NO. IK, K. O. T. M.,
mwta in Odd kvilowa' Hall, on arc
and fourth Thuraday rvfmlniri "t ah
montli. A- l'",'.
Hkktok Mowma, .om.
It. K.
tlfAHHIVOTON KNUAM HMKNT No. 84,
W I. O. O. mrota on lira' and
ltd rmdva of aaoh month.
C K l.Mrlimn
HKN. K iMHOHI'OKI'S 0. 47. W K. V.
4 1KKIS IN OIl rKI.IOWS IUI.I.
ft I IlilUhiiro, on Hi lt. tn.l 3d. Kridaya
ol aarh in.in'h at 2 : p. m.
Mm, II. V. Oali-.
Kliri'l O 'ran.lnli. Hilary.
HK. K4MNOM I'OSt. H. !l, U. 4. R.
MKKl.S IN otHi rKi.l.n m llAI.I.ON
th' ri rial and third aiurdaya of a h
M....K .14-lHl.iVim'k P. M.
i. P.
. birk. ran.tall r
ad an in
CASTOR I A
For Infants and Children.
Hit Kind Yea Have Always Bought
Bears tha
giguatara
PKOIKSSIOMAL f tKIS.
Vans. II TON.. I t, . B. ToNHI't
X tury Public
TIIOH HIE. It. TOMil K,
TTI RN EYS-AT-LA W,
Hll.l.fclMl., OliMtON
Orrios: It m.iiih i, (, 4 3, Mortiau bluok
tt. N. IUKKH I,
Y'l'l RN KYS-AT-LA V,
tlll.OrttlltO. I'KKdliN
tru IVuiral Mloiik. Ilomu i u.l i
eiraToa BnWNlS " "'"
N.a.iiy I'ul.lie
SMI I II ilOMXAft,
Y TTO R N KYS-AT- LA W .
Illl,llli'.(). OKMN
Ovrios: lUamis B and 3. ll.iriraii Una
II. T. Itvui.r V,
'ITORNEY AND
A 0IJM'I.WR-AT DAW
HII.U'-lti'Ho til'.IUtiS.
Deputy Di-lriei Aiioine.- ioi Wmli'i V
lull Ooiiniv.
orrna: Over llta PrugNtove
JIIHM M. M U.I.,
TTOK N KY-AT LAW,
lIlLUSHdlto, OKHioN
Haili-y MorKHii ltloi k, K hhih I A 2
H. 1. LI Mt LATHI, M. K. 1'. St.
pHYHICIAN AND KlTKOW)N
HIU-NUOKO. Oil KOI N.
I at ri.nlili.liop. i hhI of (Otirl
llonaa, vhere b will lm foiiud at nil noma
alum not viaitinu patn-nta.
J. P. T AM IKS IK, X. I..
C P. H. H. Kl'liUKON,
HIMiNHOItO, OUKUON.
Orn.ia u Kkniiikhi : ronn'r I bird
and Main MtreetH. i llict bonra, Kim l I
a. iu., I to 5 and 7 to n p. m. Telf-plu"' t"
rraideuOK from Brni'W A S l' l'rn(tiiri' i
all honra. All nulla prnmptlt aitfinled
uittbt or day.
f .1. UULEV, x. i:.
IJHYSK IAN, SL'KOKON AND
A AtXX)UC'HKUll.
UILIJSMOKO. OliWtON.
ll. .i.ii' in fharuiaov. Inioii Klouk. Calla
attended to, nifibt or day. Iti.Hidi'Uoe, S. W.
Oor. Base Line and He ootid tnta.
S. H. HIXI'IIKKVS.
lONVEYAM IN'l ANU
V ARSTRACTINd OK riTI.KS.
IULI.KHOKO, OKKUON.
Leal paperad awn and Loanaon Ileal
Katate nuuotiata i. HiiPiniaa atlriidnd to
witb promptneaa and dmpali b
JAH.M THOMPSO, NOTARy n'hl.t'.
THOXI'SOS M.
20 inn einerii-iH'e in t Hire I.ep-iil HiihI
, Ovm-iul IrnalaeyrriltiKl. 1'ropfrty
ol Katatus and Imlividiiala la.fd lor.
Office at Hie Baiaur, KoreKldroye. Ori'Kon
. E. liKM.KK,
nOMKOI'ATIIIC
1M1YUICAN AMiSlTKUI-.ON.
KOKKST UKOVK OUKdoN.
Hnerial allenlion p:id to Miilionl and
Mnrfiiral IHaeawa of Women anil liihlrcn
mil all c Ii roil ii' n iHt'iir.
Ottlira and reni.lenee. Rowlhr hoiife
'aciric ave.. weel ol Foreat timve Iioli l.
K. SISOX,
KNTIHT,
Ki'UKHT (illOVK, tiKKtillN
Kml.rl. iljil leelli t.'i.'iO ner net. IVmelit
and Aiiuilpini nlliiiKS .'" r n fai li. Hold
ll 1 1 1 K" iroin 1 lip llilll.i'.i air lor pnui
leaa extrai'tion.
Orauia: three diaira nottb of Hriok
stir. tnoe hon'a from a.m. to4 p. m.
J. K. AllhlNS.
Dkntist,
iin.l.sr.oi:o , oi;K
Ot'ru'K IIokhh: ! a. in. to A t. in.
Olliro in Union llia-k over I'linrmary
Xokl Tea iollle!j rnrea Sirk lleml
arhe, iniliir etion ami coiimi ip.sl nm. A
ilcliKhtllll lierli drink, lifiinivi-x ull I'l'iip
linlin of the akin, prodiK'inir a prrlW l I'uin.
pleiion, or money rel'iimled. ii fla. and
iocta ThelKllii Urn; jtlore.
HISIMIX'M lillltFKTINK
WiHilom'a KoIktIiiip rornt'ln nil
llll'lllHllPrt llf the f:Kt Hllll lllltkl H
taMUtifiil eoaiiilfxiiifi. Ik'll Drue
Store.
NERVITA PILLStHi
Rtlort VIT4LITT.
IGOR
HOOO
Curea Imputcncy, Niyht KmUsionaand
anting diacaaea, all effecta-of aelf-
abuar, or excels and liull
r ret inn A lierie toiiit anil
hlnotl bnililer. Itrintr the
pink clow to pale clieeka and
feAckaa restores the fire of youth.
fVJHy mall f.Oo r,er ho. boxes
for 42.nO; With A written triiitritn
teetocure or rel'iiiiil the money.
Send for circular. Address
NERVITA MEDICAL CO.
Clinton Jacttaon St., CHICACO, ILL.
I for acceptable Ideas.
State If patented.
THE PATENT RECORD,
Baltimore. Mo.
HulMbfipuuu pftte of tbe ATrT kNivaa LSa
4
i flki
Mm mil whim. m n.
I I I I I I I H I I I I I I I I I I I I 1 1 t
It
I HABITS OF HOGS. I
THEY AR HTEIUSMT AL. 4
ways aao raaTloioiia watata
T TUKV HAVBI A CklAJim. I
iiihii 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
IIoks ara not atupld, Ura proverb and
the popular wind to taa contrary not
wltbalaudlng, aaya the Waablnfton
1'oat Id herds they are tmmendoualy
preKarioua. They fed and range and
aleep lu gangs. Their loaf bads ara
heaped together aa aoon as froat faila.
The older anlinala begin the baa ping,
and tha pigs quickly fall In line. At
11 rut the wound la mode rata, but when
cold or snow threatens It grows aa If
by uiuglc. Not only leaves, but low,
buahy bruab and strawy sedge ara
guuwed off and carried In great mouth-'
fuls to re-enforce the bed. If 20 hogs
are to sleep lu It, It wlU be breast high
to a umii before tbe accumulation
ceaaea. Then as aoon aa feeding Is
over the hogs wake a dasb for It, bur
row under and bury themselves, bead
and ears, in Its depths. Tbey lie crosa
aud pile any fashion. Indeed, wbleb
brings tbeui aa close together aa possi
ble. As the cold strengthens In the
night those upon tbe outer edges puab
themselves under and between tbelr
Bleeping mates, thus rousing them to
squeul dlaconteut.
A suckling sow wakes her own bed
ami fiKhta away from It everything ex
cept her pigs. She beapa It conlcally,
gets upon top, works herself half way
down In It, then whirls around and
around until she baa hollowed for her
self and her piggies a snug nest After
she lies down In It with her pigs strung
along ber side she rises upon ber fors
log and with her snout flirts the bed
stuff all over ber Utter. Upon a bitter
day the pigs do not leave tbe bed.
Hogs of every sort Indeed He asleep
through the cold unless driven out by
hunger.
Hogs learn quickly to discriminate.
They will set up a prodigious squeal
ing when hungry at algbt of tbelr
habitual feeder, yet pay no attention
W1HS COVKKKU BOO TBODOH.
whatever to any other person. Tbey
alao learn their own calls as distin
guished from those of other animate
Up In the region of mountains and
uioonahlue whisky bogs are called with
loug wooden trumpets, whose sound Is
like that of a hunting born, but more
powerful and carrying farther. Reve
nue vigilance la of course tbe bora's
reason of being Its blasts do not
awaken auapiclon aa would the usual
culliug. The hogs ranging miles ef
mountainside come when tbey bear
the trumpet a little before daylight
for tbelr beloved swill, but cannot be
fooled by blasts of any other horn.
Similarly once upon a time three
pet pigs were trained to come for their
morulug mush and milk at tbe sound
of Dixie moat vigorously sung. They
never failed to bear aud bead, even
though half a mile off, yet paid no at
tention whatever to any other song er
sound. Another pig, friendless and
est ray. fell Into the way of feeding
with the cows In pen and until be waa
transmuted Into bacon answered only
to the call of "Book cowl Boo-ookl"
And still another learned to regulate
feeding by tbe aouud of tha big farm
bell and came grunting and galloping
to the trough whenever be beard Its
clamor.
While a fat pig la about the tasleet
and the clumsiest of created things one
lean nnd hungry Is among the moat
active In mind and body. A fearless
forager, the fence that turna him has
to be almost bullet and bomb proof.
He learna to climb post and rail as a
dog climbs, to throw down snake rail
after the manner of breacby cattle, to
evade barbed wire aa shrewdly as a
politician evadea tbe fulfillment of a
promise and to worm his way through
everything lu a manner to justify tbe
angry farmer who said, "I don't know
about a cauiel going through tbe eye
of a needle, but If It waa a bog I'd bet
on bis dolug It every time."
Horses' Caats.
Nature provides tbe horse with a tut
aud comparatively abort coat for sum
mer wear ami- a coarser aud longer one
for winter use. says tbe London Live
Hloek Journal. Tbe animal aheds tbe
former covering during tbe autumn
and the lutter during the sprlug. Tbe
hairs of the forelock, mane and tall
ami the long hairs about tbe musale
ami eyes are uot sued. Oood grooming
and the use of warm clothing greatly
tend to reduce the difference between
the summer coat aud the wluter coat.
If while the coat Is being changed In
the spring the brush or other means be
employed to hasten the process, the
roots of the hair will become prema
turely excised to tbe action of tbe air
and consequently will become stlmu
lated, with the result that coarser balr
will be formed than would have been
the rase had the winter coat been al
lowed to remain on for Ita usual pe
riod. Hence tbe summer coat would
be rougher than It would otherwise
have la-en, ami Its appearance may be
more or less sxi!led. To prevent,
therefore, auy loss of good looks la tbe
summer coat of their animals grooms
who have to study appearances. Ilk
thoae In tha rife of fashionable carriage
burses In the London seaaon, are gen
erally careful to avoid brushing or
hand rtiliblui; the coat while It la being
sbed durlug the spring.
UNIFORM STANDARD. "
atkat Ike Market Dfm4( la se
ll lie of the needs of the time Is Some
uniform standard of butter and cheese
niaklug. so that there will be less dif
ference N t ween the grades which are
hi'Hd to our markets, says W. B.
Partner In American Cultivator. Such
uniformity of our product would be ef
lm Miiinitile value to our' ahlpplng
trade, which at present has a good
Seal to contend with la foreign max-
kata. if all dairlinsa tried to
their butter and cheese after a certain
excellent formula, the products would
soon obtain a better reputation iu Eu
rope. jUne of tbe secrets of tbe suc
rose of Canadian cheese lu tugland
Is that It la all of a uniform standard.
Cheeses from 40 or 60 factories or farms
tan be placed alougslde of each other,
and tbey look so much alike that it
would be bard to believe that tbey
were made In widely different parts of
the country by as many different men.
Through co-operatlou aud united ef
fort the Canadian cbeeseuiakere have
come to adopt a modern, clean, suc-i-esaful
method of waking and curing
i heir cheese, and, as all cheese that
fulla to come up to the standard can
uot lie exported as Canadian cheese,
the shrewd dairymen have little In
centive to make anything except the
best Now, having established an en
viable record for their cheese, these
same dairymen are devoting their at
tention to Uie Improvement of their
butter product. They are employing
tbe aame method to do this that tbey
adopted so successfully fur their
cheese. It Is tbe uniformity of tbelr
cheese more than anything else that
baa given tt the reputation abroad.
In looking around for a standard of
either cheese or butter, It Is ouly neces
sary to examine the product of the
careful, skillful dairymen lu the spring
and summer of the year. Nature's
succulent food Is at Its best now, and
It la not difficult to make One, yellow
butter or rich, fine, full cream cheese.
The product of the dairy at this season
should be accepted as the standard for
tbe year rouud. Our June creamery
butter la considered so fine that specu
lators buy hundreds of tons of It and
store It for winter trade. This would
not be necessary if we made an effort
to keep up the staudanl.
Caws as FooS Hrndeeers.
The cow Is oue of the most valuable
of tbe farm animals as au ecouowlc
producer of food from the coarse and
cheap fodders of the farm, says a cor
respondent of Tbe Breeder's Gazette.
Tbe following Illustrates this point:
One pound of dry matter lu uiilk Is
produced from 8 pounds of dry matter
In food. In beef from 27 pounds, la mut
ton from 21 pounds and In pork from
7 pounds.
Tbe only fair comparison Is between
tbe ruminating animals, which are fed
on similar food. Tbe hog is fed al
most wholly on concentrated foods, as
the various grains. It takes nearly
three and one-half times aa much food
to make a pound of dry food In beef
as It does to make one pound of dry
matter In milk and over two and one
half times aa much to produce the
same results with aheep. Tbe cow is
therefore a much more efficient food
producer than either the ateer or tbe
sheep.
Tbe cow, moreover, produces a food
that la adapted to a wide range of use
and la almost Indispensable to tlw
young of humankind. Milk, too, and
tbe products from It are more thor
oughly digested than other animal
foods, snd there la less waste. The
dairy cow will long survive the steer
as a producer of food for man.
Cara OH Meal.
We are receiving many Inquiries of
late concerning tbla relatively new by
product from corn, says Hoard's Iaii y
maa. It Is wade from coru hearts, or
tbe germs of tbe corn keruels, and la
claimed to have better If not greater
feeding value than Unseed oil meal.
While we are not prepared to vouch
for the literal accuracy of this claim,
we have uo question that It Is a valua
ble addition to tbe list of highly con
centrated foodstuffs rich In digestible
protein aud one that dairymen will
be well repaid for giving a fair triul.
Feed merchants In dairy districts
ought to be prepared to distribute this
meal to tbelr customers this spring In
small lota so that Ita value may be
demonstrated aud the farmers be pre
pared to place their orders for next
wluter'a feed understanding. It ought
to be sold regularly for about $22.50
per ton at retail, aud. If It shall prove
on trial to have tbe merit claimed for
It, It will All a place now largely va
cant because of tbe excessive prices
charged for Unseed oil meal In many
sections of the country.
riltar Milk Hi Olea.
The oleo wen are now making much
of the argument that filthy milk la
sometimes aent to tbe creamery for
butter making, aaya Rural New York
er. Then tbey aay that la wa to compel
Salrymea to be clean are more needed
than lawa to regulate tbe sale of oleo.
Of course tbey think so. From their
standpoint filth In milk Is a terrible
crime, while filth In business morals Is
a little thing. Dairymen do not object
to fair sanitary laws. Tbey will be
clean If the oleo people will be honest.
All manner of tricks are resorted to lu
order to evade tbe present laws. Just
as In the aale of "process," or deviled,
butter, all sorts of schemes are prac
ticed to pass tbe stuff off dishonestly.
In some cases where the state laws de
mand that packages shall be plainly
marked purple wrapping paper is used,
with the printed name In about tbe
aame color Ink. !n other cases yellow
Ink IS used on the white wrapplug pa
per, so tbst It cannot be easily read.
No use talking, tbe oleo business Is full
of fraud which our present law can
ot prevent.
ASvaataaea af . WISa Tires.
Experiments made at the Missouri
agricultural station show that in near
ly all road conditions broad tired wag
ons pull easier than those with narrow
tires. On macadam road a load of
2.51S pounds can be hauled on broad
tires with the aame draft as a load of
2.000 pounds on narrow ones. On grav
el road, except when wet and sloppy on
top, tbe draft of tbe broad tired wagon
la much less than that of the narrow
tired wagon. A load of 2.482 pounds
can be hauled on broad tires with tbe
draft required for 2.0OU pounds on nar
row tires.
Tbe trials ou dirt roada give varying
results. Wbea It Is dry, hard and free
from dust, 2.530 pounds can be hauled
on broad tires with tbe draft required
for 2,000 pounds on narrow tires. Wbea
tbe surface Is covered with two or
three Inches of dry, loose dust, tbe re
sults sre favorable to tbe broad tire
la general the better the road tbe
greater tbe advauume of the broad tire.
tn turf It hi much easier of draft
il'OlPtTlllo IX IRON PKoutlT!.
the American Steel and Wire
tJoiniieuy aunouoevs that it will add
several large furnaces tt Us plait,
and make for itself tbe pig irou aud
the Hieel required for its euoruioos
output of wire aud Dal Is. This is In
effect rucogtiitlon of the fact that It is
going to have serious couupetiliou lo
confront. An ext-wded review of
the iron business iu 44 The Journal of
Commerce" mentions two formida
ble competitors which are puahlug
work on a large stale. Tbe Sharou
Steel Company has for I's president
Frederick Buhl, who built' the large
open hearth tU-el plant at Sharon,
t'eiiu , which the Steel and Wire
Compauy has purchased, aud with
him ia Jehu Uteveiisou, formerly
super 1 1 teudei.t of the Newcastle
works, which were sold to tbe Bteel
ami Wire. Tbe new plaul Is lo have
great ca aclly, with all the latest de
vices for economising-' labor and other
ct, a furnace I urn lug out six hun
dred tous a day, and the skill of men
who have not been' unsuccessful.
But the Union Steel Company is
also to build woiks at Webster,
Petin., thirty mites below Flit-rbuiY,
on the Monongchala river, the well
known bank em, MeCon Bros., beiug
largely ii teres! ed In the eotjrpriae,
ami, according to reiKrts, Mr. H. V.
Frick is also interested. This plant
is to be of a similar kind,' and It is
said that it will be lu operation be
fore January 1. These concerns are
going into the business to make
money, and they therefore intend to
lie able to t-ike business at as low a
cost as anyrmdy can. But com pet i
tion has not been at alt confined to
this line of manufacture.' The Tin
Plate l-onipany was another of the
great combinations which fell not
very far shoit of a monopoly In its
m lit. Not to speak of several minor
companies organised for this manu
fact u re, two are mentioned as having
ieen organised since July I, one with
a capital of 15,000,000, aud one claim-
ng pateuis aud processe far superior
to those ol nny other concern. . In
addition the old companies which
were not absorbed fry the big corpo
ration have also been extending their
plants, one having added thirty tin
plats mills wilhiu a coin oar tiely
short lime. These are merely asm-
I pies of Ihe expansion now going ou
in almort every Hue which a great
coiuliluat'on has umletttken to con
trot.
In wlte and nails and in tiu plates
the great combinations secured plants
about able lo supply the entire quan
tity required for consumption in this
country. In fact, tbe St -el and Wire
Company has pushed It enterprise
into foreign markets also, and In ten
mouths, ending with April, the
actual exports, mainly by this com
bination, were 198,274,01)5 pounds
wire, 20.665,130 pounds wire roils,
nnd 77,592.208 pounds wire nails,
with other Items making over 800,
000,000 pounds. The tin plate works
have scarcely exported any products
ss yet, the price fixed for the home
trsdo having been quite high. Bui
while new and powerful works are
entering the field as competitors,
either will be in position to seek the
home or the foreign trade, with a
prospect that a big foreign 'rude will
be necessary In each Hue ol manufac
ture to keep all the esttl'll-him nts at
work. Owing lo Ihlsexui.ded de
mand, the quantify of pig Iron re
quired may be found larger than has
been anlh lpat. d, for one of the con
siderations which have seemed of
especial Importance in the trade Is
that the decrease In demand for fin
ished products, and tbe increase in
production of pig iron by the finish
ing companies themselves, would
leave a large surplus of Iron produced
hy the old furnaces for which there
will be insufficient demsnd.
The truth is that none of the par
lies Interested will be able to deter
mine what relation the supply ol pig
iron will bear to the demand until
the reduction of price to about a nor
m tl range has given encouragement
to hou e purchasers. No one pre
tends to deny that the extraordinary
shrinkage lu demand since last No
vember baa been lu large measure
due to the high prices asked for fin
ished products. As long as the de
mand waa constantly running far
ahead of the supply, so that the
prices of materials were being stead
ily forced upward, the constat t ten
dency was to cut down that demand.
The obvious remedy for thst slate of
things ia a return of prices to such
normal figures that the home and
foreign demand may both he eocour
a;ed to the utmost. When that
happens it will probably be found
that, as 1 1 other times, the American
demsnd is practically unlimited ex
cepting by advance in prices. The
room for development In this fortun
ate country has not been measured
aa yet, hut can o. ver he fairly tested
except under conditions of reasona
ble steadiness in price and moderate
coal ofpnaludion,
THKOKT JrBAlXcYr TRADE,
It has not been many years 'hat a
bale nee of trade in favor of Amerloan
mtibaovi baa been a reality and tha
people have not yet learned how to
interpret our giaal fortune of the past
few mot ths. Home have expressed
wouder how K'tglaud eau tie at all
prosperous aud have a trade balance
against her every year. Oo gresr-
man Payue, chairman of the Ways
aud Means committee, recently talk
ed ou the kuhject to a uewpaar
reporter.
! do not believe," said Mr. Payne,
"that a natiou can meet with contin
ued prosierity whose imports exceed
Its exports, auy more than can au
individual whose expeuses exceed
his Income. But exporta are uot to
he confined t merchandise alone.
Ureal Britain ia a great creditor na
tion. Her people have investments
In every quait-r of Ihe globe. They
own goverument, state and munici
pal and private corporation bonds;
I bey have In vet ted in stock of every
description and embarked in count
less private enterprises. This pro
duces an income of which no account
is taken in the bslantes between her
impoiti and ex pom,' which goes far
in paying up the' trade balances
agaiuat ber. In additiou to this, she
does a large poitionof tie carrying
trade of tbe world. From tills source
she receives huutlrede-of millions
which help to make up this trade
balance. Wi re It not for these com
pensations tbe balance of her imports
over her exporta must of necessity be
paid in gold. On the other hand,
the United Stttea is and has been a
debtor nation. Great Britain holds
many of our securities on which tbe
snnual indebtedness is enormous.
Our traveling people pay tribute to
the old country by spending abroad
an amount eetimated by many at
1100,000,000 a year. In other words,
we expoit Ibat much gold. We pay
large sums to owners of foreign ves
sels engaged in our carrying trade.
This is estimated as high asf200,000,-
000 a year. We could not pay these
vast sums annually If our exports did
exceed our imports, thereby creating
an Indebtedness from abroad to counter-balance
these heavy payments.
With our wonderful increase in ex
ports and especially of the balance
over our imports, the ttblea ere
gradually turning and enormous
quantities of our bonds and stocks
have been brought back during the
last two years. New York has ac
tually subscribed for a Russian loan
during the past few mouths. If our
trade lucreases as it has for the pai-t
year, aud the balance due us annual
ly becomes larger, we shall aoon ab
sorb all our securities held abroad,
and our people will be making In
vestments in foreign countries.
"When a nation becomes Indebted
abroad," said Mr. Payne, "It does
ui t necessarily mean the movement
of gold, although this is often the
case, various means are resortea to
to prevent the eiKirt of gold such as
the raising of rates upon the l ank of
England. We have not been forced
to adopt any of these schemes lie-
cause of Ihe large balance t f trade In
our favor. Under the last adminis
tration, II Is true, we were obliged to
buy gold (much of It from abroad)
Willi bonds, In order to keep up the
equilibrium. Other uieaiii are re
sorted to to pay the balance due for
el n nations, like the selling of gov
erument bonds, as was our case in
1894 or 18U5, and the sale of various
other securities. The baukers will
seek In each Instance to hold on to
the gold, and lo exchange every
form of security for the indebtedness.
"The reason, therefore, that Eng
land prospers with so great a balance
of trade against her is because of her
enormous wealth In Investments
abroad. These Investments are sap
ping tbe wealth of every nation lu
the world, and are the means hy
which she Is enabled to pay the liv
Ing expeuses of her people. If there
was the same trade balance against
this country as there Is against Eng
land our people would become
bankrupt.
"Nation , like Individuals, when
business runs agaiuat them, are
forced Into economy, and thus avert
disaster. While, ou tie other hand,
when rolling In wealth, tbey sur
round themselves with luxuries and
thus scatter thetr surplus. It Is thus
that equilibrium Is preserved, and
each nation retains its quota of gold."
Kl'HHIi IS WiR El).
Senttor Henry Cabot Lodge, a
member of the foreign relations com
mittee of the Uilt"d States seuste,
made a remaiksble sieech at the
afternoon meeting of Ihe Essex Club,
held to rat fy t e nomination of Mc
Klnley aud Rievelt. He described
the work of the punt four years, com
mented on the work of the conven
tion, declared that Koe'evelt was
a great civic executive and hero, ami
made the following close, which
evoked tremendous apptauae.
"We have put the tariff law on the
statute books we have put the gold
standard law on the stttute books;
we have fought Ihe war with Spain;
we have made the peace with Spain;
wa have given Hawaii a government;
we have given Alaska a government
we have given Porto Hico a govern
ment wa ara res tor kg order In tbe
Philippines; we are guiding Culm
along the path to independence am
safe government. Th.-re remains the
question of expansion. I am pot go.
log lo argue that great question here
this afternoon. 1 shall have occasion
to say a great deal bImiiiI it to the
people of MasSHchu-s'tts, I aupxise
before they vote iu November. But
sll eyes are fixed um China. It
looks a if the agony of that crest
empire, so long predicted, had begun.
It may be laxtiioiied; it may las put
off; but the question of China
there. It would have arisen
Dewey had never seen Manila Bay.
We bad for thirty years but one ship
on the, China tttion, the old Mono-
caey; which was tint weak to ' lie
taken across to Manila by Dewey.
"If it had net taeu for the war jn
the Philippines our missionaries, our
traders, our consuls and our tner
chauta would I t -lay unprotei t "d
iu China, or left in ll.e protection ol
some other nation. As it is, holding
Manila, we are the strongest nuval
power in Ihe eai-t and can pn tct our
own. We are no longer to live like
a hermit crab, not allowing our peo
ple to go iLto China or India or our
missionaries to spread religion. We
are to protect them. We are to tske
our share in the trade and commerce
of the mighty east. We need tbe
maikels of China, and I say Manila,
which came to us providentially, as
I believe, hy the fortunes of war, is
the great guarantee of ' American
safe'y in the East. And as to the
Filipinos, if the republican parly
could be trusted to free 4,000,000
slaves in our own land, is it t lav
susiM'ttd ol a wish to ur ke 10,000,
000 new slaves lu tbe Philippine Is
lands? Their welfare is to us a sacred
trust. Wearett guidi them iu the
great problem of aelf-government.
."We have China on the far wettTn
shore of the Pacific, but we hold the
other side. The people who live on
thefuitheht shore of the Pacific cau
uot be a matter of indifference lo the
masters of the western coast of North
America. Study the Chinese ques
tion. It Is the great question of the
lay. The events tiiut are going ou
to-day lu China are big with future
results. All the great nations of the
world are gathered there. One great
nation is planning to seize that em
pire and close it to the rest of the
world. That, in our r wn interest.
and in the Interests of humanity, and
the interest') of civilization, too, we
can not afford. I am uot afraid ever
ti see the Uuiled St ties take her
place iu tho struggle of the great
world powers, where she belongs. I
lionet mean that we will have to
me die in Europe. Ood forbid! But
I do say that the other side of the
Pacific Is a u American interest, and
I want to see the United Slates pro
t&'t her own throughout the East.
She can- do it. We are no weak lings.
The blotal of youth is in our veins,
and we shall triumph over these dif
ficulties as we have triumphed over
greater oues lu the past. No one has
yet come b. ninth the flag except to
bless it, aud the people wherever it
waves to-lay, in the far Eist, will
bless It, too, even as we and our
children."
a M. TboTtF iTm KOK. I A.
California is the natural para.lise i f
ihe holy maker. Its resources are
inexhaustable, its invitation univer
sal, and its resorts and attractions
among the most noted of the
world.
"Itesorts and Attractions along the
Coast Line" Is handsomely illustra
ted folder, giving a description of Ihe
health aud pleasure resorts on the
coast between Hau Franci-co and Lo
Angeles.
"Shasta Itesorts," emliellshed with
beautiful half tone engravings, des
cribes the senic and ' outing attrac
tions of the vast and wonderful
Shasta region, Ihe grandest of pleas
grounds. The Southern Pacific Company
publishes descriptive literature con
taining valuable information alsmt
all of them. It is for free distribu
tion aud may la obtained from any
Southern l'sciflu agent, or C. II.
Markham, General Pasaengi-r Agent
at Portland, if you apply by mail
enclose a stamp for each puhlii-alion
wanted.
California South of Tehachapi"
tells all about Ihe charms of that
remarkably favored aemi-trropic
garden spot of the world in Southern
California.
A handsome map of California,
complete In detail, reliable, skillfully
indexed, and full of information
about the State's resources. It is
the only publication of kind folded
for ocket use.
"Hummer Outings" is a 32-page
folder devotrtl lo the camping retreats
in the Shasta Itegion and Santa Crux
mountalm: It apal more dirtct
ly to that large and growing class of
recreation seeker who prefer this
popular form of outing.
"Pacific drovt'' is the Chautauqua
of the west, and this folder not only
describes the pretty place itself, but
gives a program of the religious and
educational meetings, conventions,
schools, etc., to he held there this
summer.
WIIATIIASIIAPPEll)
DURING THE WEEK
Items of General Interest
from all parts of the
state
WIIITK Fill IN II KM AMI
The town of MarshbVId will put in
a gtaal sewer system.
Seventy families camped at Turner
lat week where the state couventlou
of Christian chuiches was held.
The remains of young Clttyson,
who waa murdered ou the Dawson,
Alaska, trail last winter, was burled
in Portland on Friday of last week.
A fraudulent ageut has been
swindling the people of Portland by
taking subscriptions to Muusey's
monthly magazine at 75 eeuta tr
iiuujUt.
The Eugene (Juard is informed
that hop lice are scarcer lu Lane
county than tbey have been for 10
years before at this season of the
year.
Farmers in Umatilla county have
beeu harvesting fur two weeks.
I'here wac but little harvesting done
until after the first of August last
year.
Sheep shearing U in progress lu
various parts of Curry county, and
the yield ia proving must satisfactory
to all coucerned, says the Port Orford
Tribune,
Wild blackberries are more plenti
ful In Columbia county this year
than for any season for several years.
The crop is ripening about two wetka
earlier than usual.
Conservative estimates place the
value of this year's 1Imm1 ltiver
strawberry crop at 1175 au acre ataive
all expenses. The U. It. & N. Co.
reports that it has handled 75 car
loads. The University of Oregon mailed a
wagonload of catalogues to nearly
every point in the Northwest. The
demand for catalogues Is large, indi
cating a very large attendance next
year.
Fiom a private source The Dalles
Chronicle learns that 100,0 JO pounds
of wool was so'd at Puudlelon Mon
day at 12 and 13 cents a pound. Tho
Dalles scouring mill bought a lot of
heavy wool at 9 cents.
Johnston Bros, are said to be the
heaviest losers in the vlciuity of
Dufur by the storm of last Saturday.
They had nearly 100 acres of flue fall
wheat knocked down by the hail.
I'heir damage Is probably about
$1500.
The Fourth Regiment O. N. O,
brass band have received their instru
ments which were bought In New
York. The outfit cost $1500. The
horus are silver-plated, but Unit ex
tra finish does not make tin m silver
toned.
A crew of 20 men is at work at
Cayuse Station in Umatilla County,
building a new wheat ware house for
the Pacific Coast Elevator Company.
Next week Balfour, Out hrie A Co.,
will have a crew of men there to put
up a house for them.
Saturday Daniel Ross, employed
in the Nixon logging camp near
Peoria, Linn county, sustained a
severe injury, crosswise of his face,
and under his eye, there is a gash
several inches long. A felled tree
bent a sapling to the ground. Ross
released Ihe sapling and it struck
him in the lace, lie was Insensible
for some time.
11. r. Bruce, of Salem, has return
ed from a trip up the Willamette
Valley, for the purpose of buying
some stock sheep. He went as far as
llarrishurg. On the way up he
bought 15M head, paying to $1
each for them. The poor grain crop
has stimulated the fanners to hold
on to their sheep.
The first veteran o! the Spanish -American
war to enter Ihe Ujseburg
Soldiers' Home Is Frank Taylor, of
Portland, a lale member of Company
O, Second Oregon Volunteers, who Is
suffering with consumption and Is
now in Ihe Soldiers' Home Hospital
iu a very critical condition. He la
80 years old and became an Inmate of
the Home on June 21.
Three years ago there was an ugly
labor strike at Astoria and Ihe na
tional guard was called out to sup
press Ihe moh. The grievance was
that the fishermen demanded 5 cents
per siund for salmon which the
canncrs declared they could not af
ford to pay. Thla year, on the same
grounds, 8 rents per jsiund Is the
price. Steel heads are worth CJ
cents. The reason for these better
prices is the comtmtitlon made hy
the cold storage plants that were
established la 1898 and '99.
t