exclusion of vegetable matter from
flits, (3) provision for draining wet-
weather springs wbleh occur In the
subgrade, and (4) the matter of thor
oughly loosening arid distributing the
materials contained In old roud crusts.
After the roadbed lias been graded
and drained properly, and the details
mentioned above have received proper
attention, the work of preparing the
subgrade consists simply In forming u
trench, as shown In figure 1, to receive
the gravel surface. The trench rnay he
formed largely with u grudlng ma
chine, hut the final shaping should he
effected by means of picks and shovels
and rolling. It Is customary to provide
grade stakes ut intervals of about 00
feet, to serve us u guide for the pick
and shovel work, and where extreme
accuracy Is desired cords may he
stretched between the stakes to Insure
thut the subgrade conforms to the
required grade throughout. The roll
ing Is done ordinarily with u power
roller weighing about ten tons.
In order that the subgrade may be
well drained during the process of
spreading und compacting the gruvel
It Is frequently necessary to provide
shoulder drains at comparatively short
Intervals. Such drains ure constructed
by opening small ditches through the
shoulders and partially filling them
with gravel.
HOTEL ROLAND
O n # h u iM lr#i$*r»lf*laty flv « |)(<»>fn«. #11 Kf<«I«rn
tr#(ir<4V««ii»#iita. fr«1« ¿»hon«* on • vui y H oir,
H at«»:
7 5 c I o $ 1 .5 0 pmr d a y : $ 2 .5 0
Io
$ 5 .0 0 p e r w e e k .
Construction Is Usually Divided
Into Two Entire Distinct
Classes.
<>Pl*#w!t«' (iouriluiuaa, 1 liUx ka (nun l't*UWTlr*t
Firn l'runf H. I* #n*l Orngoii hlswUi«- pm «
S
---------------------------------------------------- N
New Houston Hotel
Hlalh ami K ver Hl SU . l'urlUiul. (He.
Four LU« k« frum tlnUui ll<*i»>t. T eu liiucka
fruui New l'uetiilhre. M'.luru aivl flrupruuL
Over IUU uuUlile ruuiiM. Halm Tie ln 12.<tl.
.
CHAS. li. HOPKINS. Mau.ori
SUBGRADE FOR THE SURFACE
W H E N IN
Some of Most Important Details Re
quiring Careful Attention Are Fre
quently Overlooked — Some
Precautions to Observe.
SEATTLE
Figure 1 shown u typical cross sec
tion for h gravel-road surfuee and In-
(llentes the customary steps Involved
In the construetlon of such a surface.
S E A T T L E 'S L A R G E S T H O TEL The limiting thicknesses shown on this
U n i/ three block* from Hnt»iU ami llurka. O p- cross section arc by no means followed
l .e i t e c i t r Hall Park ami C ourt lluuae.
universally, hut ure believed to repre
T I I K K IN KMT IX >1.1,A I I R O O M IN A M E R I C A
sent the best current practlcp. The
W ith .lota, hail la t h . I peraou.
11 1 « II 60
minimum thickness shown Is supposed
Z perauna.
II.W ) t l (JO
With private lath . I i - .r « ..,
fc! «> t l u> ft 'A to be employed where the traffic Is
Z pearni, H O M ill 14.1 «
“ W h e n In S e a ttle T ry th e F r y e " light and the subgrade Is uniformly
stable, while the maximum thickness
Is ndupti*d for opposite conditions.
Perhups the most usual compacted
thickness of surface Is eight Irn hes lit
An* maile from your OLD CAR
the center and six inches at the edges.
PETS. Rag Ruga woven all sizoa.
The difference In thickness between
Mail orders receive prompt ami care
the edges and renter Is effected by
ful attention. Send for lionklct.
mulling the crown of the subgrade flut
NORTHWEST RUG CO.
E. Mill and Taylor Sts.
Portland, Or. ter than thut of the surface.
The roast ruction of a gravel road
usuully Is divided Into two entirely dis
tinct classes of work. The work of
W• !*• jr lh* I' m U i «.
grading
anil preparing the suhgnide
I f In tM*i| o f P u r « f >ru«a a m i ( Imirm a ll. Ar« h
B E A U T IF U L R U G S
Dry Ground Mixture in Hoppers
Should Be Kept Before Them at
All Times— Give Some Milk.
Fnrtners should keep dry ground
feed, such ns a mixture of brun, shorts
SupiH M i«, S K ou ld a r H ra c M , T H U S S L H , t.laatir
S t o c k in « * . A b d o m i n a l S u p p o rte ra . S o « p « n * o r y
I U i U . m fo r M .n , a m i all o t h e r ICuhlwr Guud*
v t r-ymrr d a ocrtp tlon . e.n.1 Pi th e
L A U E D A V IS D R U G CO.
T ru a a E x p e r t s
T h ir d a n d Y a m h i ll, P o r t la n d , Or.
ELECTRIC MOTORS
B o u g h t. S o ld , K o n to d a n d He p air o d
W A I .K K K K I.K C T K IC W O K K H
Portlmnd. Ora.
Bigger Pay for You.
Hafinke Walkar llnvir-.aa« Gulla»*, Portland,
Ik., largest In Nurthweel. txam. vm in all bust*
■m i n iu n e
k n r u ll a n y tim e,
Crow Mrtwn of compiti«* roxi
i'ro e C a ta k«*.
TYNOL GROSS SECTIONS SHOWISG METHOD Of «MGTRXTWG k GMVH. BCO
la ne more nerve »ary
t h a n S m a l l p o x , A.m y
a vertlea ce b u d -e o a r .r ,1 '1
i
the *1* m *I m kv. t i i r v e ffl-
Cary, em4 b e a l a M . et AalU y»hei4 VacclaaUoa.
b e veci leale* HOW b e r m ’ pkyiP U a, yeu aad
year fe e i i y . n bv neve vltel thaa beeee lenirvare.
Aafe yeet s h y « . l e a . A rexxM . er l i e * fer “ liev e
f e e katf 1 n k e i a l " tell lex ef T y y k e l é T a cila *,
i e l l e f r e e aa , mm* t u < e fiaai TyvkuU C a r ile «.
m
ter ir» lamwatwy , «ru n ry . (AL
a ia a eaavaa ueeee a. a aev. u tta a a
WANTED, TURKEYS
1m
THANKSGIVING
ami
CHRISTMAS
iml# Writ# fur prlo#i. Ship ua your V«#l.
!(•««. Poultry, kgn. Hal"# and < An.-arm h*rk.
T<*> prtaao and fair tr«*im«Nit.
CLEASBY-HANSON CO.
115 FRONT ST.
PORTLAND. ORE
'Wihovild be at Imt 10 feet far anile track roadway and"S’ feoereJty
not k.tj than 5 feet, for doubl« track.'Wxhould be no* tetj than M feet
and ’S'not less than 3 feet
*M* crown, varies from « inch per foot for level grade, to'I inch per
foot for a grade of 5%
Kio. 1
falls into one class, and that of haul
ing. spreading and compacting the
gravel Into the other. The tlrst clnss
of work has been discussed at consid
erable length In connection witti earth
and sand-clay roads, hut since it Is
desired to emphasize certain feutures
of suhgrHile preparation that are of
Increased Importance in connection
with gravel-road construction, both
classes of work will tie considered In
the following discussion:
THE VOGEL !
PRODUCE CO.
Preparation of the Subgrade.
In grading the roadbed nnd prepar-
lug the subgrade for a gravel surfuee.
It should he home in mind also thut
Will guaran ta# yoo top n»ark»*t priraa at all tilma*
for your Vaal. flogs. Poultry. Kgga. Hutt««r. Iltda*. the more expensive n road surfuee, the
greater should he tlie care exercised
Ktr. If you liar# not shlpiMad to us. try us.
to prevent It from being damaged
113 F ro n t,
P O R T L A N D , O R.
through settlement or upheaval of the
subgrade, and the greater should be
the accuracy with which the subgrade
Is constructed, so that no unnecessary
surfacing material may be required to
correct Irregularities In grade and
cross section. No matter what the soil
conditions may he, the subgrade for n
gruvel road surface, when completed,
should conform closely in grade and
cross section with the requirements
of the plans nnd should present un
even, uniform appearance. Also, It
should he as Arm and unyielding n s
Write about your wants in this line to
the conditions will permit
F I N K E B R O S .»
Some of the most Important details
183 Madison St.,
Portland, Ore. risialrlug careful attention In prepar
ing tbo subgrade, and which are per-
h«|>* most frequently overlooked, are
(1) backfilling culvert trenches so as
to prevent subsequent settlement, (2)
COLLIDED WTH A BUMBLEBEE
Aviator Finds Thers Are Other Things
Besides Airplanes That It Is Not
Safe to Ertoounter In the Air.
HIDES, PELTS, CASCARA BARK,
WOOL AND MOHAIR.
We viel ill yeu D m Write 1er prices end thizpin* tags
T h i H . F. N o r to n C l. KrflMH. Ore.; Seettle, We.
W o W a n t Y o u r,’
BEANS
W e P a y C a sh .
N o C o m m is s io n a
HEIDENREICH CO.,
7 4 rton C S L ,
r
-
P. N. U.
P o r t la n d , O ra
I 11
^
No. 42. 1*17
Birds anti airplanes are not th« only
tlylug things with which It Is possible
for nu aviator to hnve a serious coW
Ikdon. The author of “Tales of the
Flying Bervtce" gives as an lnstanc*
a strange accident that occurred In
France.
Not long ago, he says, I ran across
an aviator I know, looklug rery mnch
annoyed and with one oyo seriously
obstructed by a large contused swell
ing on his chcckbono. Thinking that
ho bad had a smash of some kind,
probably a bad landing to which he
had been pitched against the front of
bis machine, I naked him what had
happenod.
Uo explained that about six hoars
earlier bo wns starting ont on a fast
btptnna, and wns going foil speed
00 tbo ground In order to get a good
jymp into the air, when be met a largo-
a£ecd bumblebee going In a burry In
d h opposite direction.
Doctors generally agree that whole
wheat is best for the human body.
“ Force” the universal^ breakfast
food— is a combination of selected
whole wheat and the choicest bar
ley malt Nourishing, strengthen
ing, digestible, delicious.
[Sunny Jim]
At
Your
Grocer’s
VAUGHAN’S PORTABLE DRAG SAW
Cuts 20 Cords in 10 Hours
PROPER FEED FOR CHICKENS
D R U G S B Y M A IL
Bum aid n. cur. loth.
W hole W heat
The Best Food
and corn meal. In bop(»ers before the
hens at all times. Hither sour milk or
buttermilk should be given as a drink.
, Crushed limestone or oyster shell
should he before the hens all the time,
! and the hens should go to roost with
i full crops.
FARMER SHOULD KEEP BEES
Interesting and Profitable Pursuit—
Every Farm Should Have Its
Supply of Honey.
i
A careful study of the bee nnd Its
life nnd habits and u little effort to
ndjust one's nctlous to those of the
bees will soon make beekeeping an in
teresting and profitable pursuit. Every
farmer should produce his own supply
o f honey by keeping and properly car
ing for a few stands of bees.
i TO
DESTROY SHEEP SORREL
! Weed Cannot Be Entirely Exterminat
ed by Mowing, But It Can Be
Weakened to Great Extent.
■
Sheep sorrel cannot be entirely ex
terminated by mowing, but It can be
greatly weakened. The weed should
be mown as soon us the flowering
stalks have attained full size, but be
fore they have commenced to turn red.
THE ORIGINAL THE LIGHTEST. THE
STRONGEST. HAS MANY IMITATORS.
BUT NO^EQUALS.^Writa forXlnformatton.
'S iZ J fr '
Vaughan
Motor
Works,
main
PORTLAND, OREGON.
A Halt to John Barleycorn.
Ten years ago probably not one
American in a million expected to see
the day when the government, on thir
ty days' notice, would by its fiat stop
the making of whisky for an indefin
ite period. Yet that is precisely what
was done last month, under the pro
visions of the Food Control Act, while If Mixed with Sulphur it Dark
the country looked on in amazement.
ens so Naturally Nobody
The greatest distilleries in the world
can Tell.
— those at Peoria and Louisville—
stopped the buying of grain, save in
comparatively small quantities for the
Grandmother kept her hair beauti
manufacture of alcohol for commercial
and medicinal uses.
These great fully darkened, glossy and attractive
plants have not been equipped for with a brew of Sage Tea and Sulphur.
producing anything except whisky. Whenever her hair took on that dull,
Experts tell us, however, that of all faded or Btreaked appearance, this
the grain that was taken by distil simple mixture was applied with won
leries the country over, only 40 per derful effect. By asking at any drug
cent went into whisky. This estimate store for “ Wyeth’s Sage and Sulphur
would indicate a saving of 40,000,000 Compound,” you will get a large bot
bushels of grain a year for food pur tle of this old-time recipe, improved
poses. There need be no fear of a j by the addition of other ingredients,
whisky famine, for the stock accumu all ready to use, for about 50 cents.
lated by the distillers and stored is ; This simple mixture can be depended
described as enormous. Meanwhile, ] upon to restore natural color and
the government will continue the col-1 beauty to the hair.
A well-known downtown druggist
lection of heavy taxes on this stock,
and its revenues from this source may says everybody uses Wyeth's Sage
be even greater than before the manu and Sulphur Compound now because
facture was stopped. — From “ The it darkens b o naturally and evenly
Progress of the World,” in the Amer that nobody can tell it has been ap
ican Review of Reviews for October, plied— it’s so easy to use, too. You
simply dampen a comb or soft brush
1917.
and draw it through your hair, taking
one strand at a time. By morning
tne gray hair disappears; after an
ALLEN’S FOOT-EASE DOES IT.
When your shoes pinch or your Corns snd Bun other application or two, it is restored
ions ache, iret Allen’ s Foot-Ease, the antiseptic to its natural color and looks glossy,
powder to be shaken into shoes and sprinkled in
This preparation
the foot-bath. Gives instant relief to Tired. Ach- soft and beautiful.
It is
init. Tender Feet. Sample FREE. Address Allen is a delightful toilet requisite.
S. Olmsted. LeRoy. New York.
not intended for the cure, mitigation
or prevention of disease.
Definite Information.
The recruit was both sulky and stu-
pid and strongly resented the inquisì-1 * fl7 J[JRfNE> Granulated Eyelids,
Eves, Eyes Inflamed by
torial character of the questions put ; f f t *- r''em I y, '• ! S«tc
S u n , D u t t and W in d quickly
to him. At last the sergeant turned I
M r " relieved by Murine. Try it in
to him and sternly said:
Y / . . r7* r '^ /V C your E**53*1*1 in Baby's Eyes.
“ Look here, young fellow, you’ve ] lU U R LT t O No Smartin«, Just Eye Comfort
got to give a straight answer to ques Murine Eye Remedy
tions put to yer. Now, then, where Eye S alv e, in Tub*?* 2.»c. F<>r Hi'ok o f
£ m — F re e .
were you born?”
Ask M a r in e E y e R e m e d y C o . , C h ie a c o d
Then came the answer slowly, as if |
the information imparted were grudg
ed: “ London— right hand side, going
in.”—Liverpool Post.
j
To keep clean and healthy take Dr. |
ierce's Pleasant Pellets. They regu-
te liver, bowels and stomach.
AN OPERATION
AVERTED
Her Contribution.
Ideal Ventilation.
“ He owes his success to his wife.”
The "King system" of ventilation Is
“ That so?”
Ideal for the piggery. Then the hog
“ Yes. Scarcely a day goes by but
Philadelphia, Pa.—“ Ono year ago I
she keeps him from making : fool of was very sick and I suffered with pairs
boose will not “ smell to heaven.”
himself in one way or another.” —Ex
in my side and back
change.
until I nearly went
"Ton see,” he explained. “ I was do
crazy.
I went to
ing about sixty knots due east, and
differentdoctors and
he was doing between thirty-five and
they all said 1 had
forty knots due west, and he was a
female trouble and
large bee, nnd the Impact was some
would not get any
thing terrific. And," ho added vin
relief until I would
dictively, “ I hope he has spilled all
be operated on. I
his honey cud that he’s still uncon
had suffered forfour
scious I”—Youth’s Companion.
y e a r s before thi3
-
Itimo.but I kept get-
Iting worse the more
Cultivating Muskmelona.
Zou reckless men and women wtio i
When the uiuskmclons come up, sur are pestered with corns and who have medicine I took. Every month since l
face cultivation is best to remove at least once a week invited an awful was a young girl I had suffered with
weeds nnd to conserve moisture, stim death from lockjaw or blood poison cramps in my sides at period* and wu3
ulate a rapid growth and enrly matur are now told by a Cincinnati authority never regular. I saw your advertise
to use a drug called freezone, which ment in the newspaper and the picture
ity of the plants nnd the melons.
the moment a few drops are applied o f a woman who had been saved from
to any corn or callous the soreness is an operation and this picture was im
Profits From Feeding.
relieved and soon the entire corn or
Profits from feeding are greater for callous, root and all, lifts off with the pressed on my mind. The doctor had
given me only two more days to make
the man who does not hnve to buy fingers.
Freezone dries the moment it is ap up my mind so I sent my husband to the
grain. That Is merely another way of
plied, and simply shrivels the corn or drug store at once for a bottle o f Lydia
saying, “Grow your own feed.”
callous without inflaming or even ir E. Pinkham’s Vegetable Compound, and
ritating the surrounding tissue or believe me, I soon noticed a change and
Cultivating Beant.
skin. A small bottle o f freezone will
Do not cultivate beans when mots* cost very little at any of the drug when I had finished the third bottle I
was cured and never felt better. I grant
ture Is on the foliage.
stores, but will positively rid one * you the privilege to publish my letter
feet o f every hard or toft corn or
hardened callous. If your druggist and am only too glad to let other women
Waste Nothing.
know of my cure.
Mrs.THOS. M c G on -
In these days of high prices the wts« hasn’t any free «one he can get It at
I gal , 3432 Hartville Street, Philo., Pa.
any
wholesale
drug
house
for
you.
farmer will let nothing go to wart*.
Sure! High Heels
Cause Corns But
Who Cares Now I