FO R E ST GROVE PRESS
T H U R S D A Y, J A N U A R Y 15, 1914
Read Thi*.
Nursery Stock, Rose Stock,
shrubbery, all kinds o f trees.
Apples trees $12.00 per hundred
From the best nursery in the
state. Guaranteed true to name.
A t the Forest Grove Greenhouse
4thStreetand 5th . .venue South.
Phone 0116.
The
W anted —The P ress desires
every community in Washington
county. Send in your application
at once.
Forest Grove
xs= Steam Laundry
W ood,
Coal,
Cold Storage
and Ice.
Panama
Am ericans
THE
By W m . R. Scott.
last week.)
iipr-rnre turnine engine*. wmch in turn
will operate the electric- machinery that
will generate all the |>ower and Illum i
nating current needed from one end of
the canal to the other Rut an addl
clonal power plant w ill he maintained
I at Mira Horen for emergencies
Th e
power to o[>ernte the lock gates will
come from the spillway plant.
Th e Gatlin dam is so stupendous that
It almost seems to be a continuation o f
the hills that Inclose the lake It In
fact does complete the natural moun
tain chains that form the harriers o f
the ( ’ hagres river It Is 10iS feet high,
or tweuty feet above the ordinary level
o f the lake at e lg h tj five feet eleva
wiutn or more tnnti tw enry nines at
tbe widest |«ilnt and u length between
47arun and I ’edro Miguel o f thirty tw o
miles
It will be broken by many
small Islands and stretches o f high
la id s and Is narrowest In the Culebni
cut. where for nine miles the width la
300 feet
From Gatuu to the entrance
o f the cut. a distance o f twenty-three
miles, lighthouses are stationed at com
manding points to guide ships at night
The channel throughout is at an aver
age depth o f forty five feet. In order
to raise the relocated Panama railroad
above the level o f the lake It was nec
essary to make (Ills to the exten t o f
16,425.292 ruble yards.
T h e navy department has selected a
site near San Pablo, about tw enty
miles Inland from the A tlantic and
on the east side o f Gatun lake, for a
high power wireless station. It la to
be at an elevation o f 110 feet above
the level o f the lake and capable o f
sending a message for 3 000 miles, to
W ashington or to a sim ilar station on
the C alifornia coast
' If the great Out’in dnrri should break
the water In the lake might sweep dev
asfattnglv over the city o f Colon seven
1914
OVERLAND
*s now on exhibition at the
Story of the Panama Canal From Start to Finish.
(Continued from
to secure a live correspondent in
PAGE 7
* PACIFIC
in rnese mnsrs i-ne next' morning the
steHiu shovels found plenty o f food for
their hungry Jaws, which hit off four
or five cubic yards at a dip, swung
around and dropped the six or seven
tons nrmn the cars
Frequently they
lifted rooks so heavy that the c«ra
w ere broken
Front 154. to 175 trains a day loaded
w ith excavated materials left the Cule
bra cut for the dumps
A great deal
went to hulld the mighty Gatun dam;
much has been used In reclaim ing near
ly 4410 acres from the ocean at Ralhoa.
the **••01110 terminal: the new Panama
GARAGE
You are invited to call
and look at the
»
new model
Improved in many ways
railroad required millions o f yard » In
Successors to
m aking fills, aud tbe breakw ater at
C. G . D A N I E L S O N
Balboa
also
took
a
considerable
am oun t Wbut could uot be usefully
PH O NE 306
PACIFIC AVE.
employed wan wasted oa dumps. The
average haul from tbe cut has been
tw e lv e mile*, but as much as thirty
— ------------ -------------- r - -----------------
miles was traveled hy some o f the tlirt
trains. T w en ty fiat car» constituted a
train, and one cur could he loaded by
a shovel in tw o and a half mtnutea, or
with aeveu scuopfuls o f earth and rock.
W hen tbe trulua got to tbe dumpa an
uuloudlug plow was drawn by a steel
cable over tbe Hut care, sweeping tbe
miles aw ay, or pass through the old m aterial off tbe aide which was open
bed o f tbe Chagres river harmlessly Then spreaders were pushed over tbe
Into the Caribbean sea.
W h ile the track to shove the m aterial to one aide
pressure on the dam w ill be terrific, no and down the embankment.
Track
such catastrophe Is considered proba shifters later came along und moved
ble T b e Gatun lake Is the largest ar
the track over to the edge o f the fill.
ttficlal body o f water tn the world. Between I.OOU.U4X) aud 1.500.000 yard*
W recks or accidents lu the lake or went out o f the Culebra cut every
locks will be handled by monster 270
mouth since Decemlver, 1007.
tou Hosting cranes.
T h e emph>y4*es were carried from
tbe various towns to their work lu the
C H A P T E R XII.
cut or ou the locks and dams by labor
T h e Culebra Cut.
trulus. These trains took them to their
O P U L A R interest a I w a y » has homes or the hotels fo r the noon meal,
G uid. W a ll» P »d r * M igu »l Lack.
centered chiefly In the excava
You Will Need
consuming from ten minutes to half
clou
Che plan o f construction has
tion phase o f canal construc an hour In the Journey.
But as the
been to build parallel mounda for the
tion. losing sight o f the fact rest period at noon was fo r tw o hours
m ile and a half, 1,200 feet apart. Be- that tbe locks, dams and hreakwutera in the canal 7 . 011 « ample tim e fo r eat
tweeu these mound*, built o f rock and call for an expenditure o f $85.043.000 ing was allowed.
earth, a core for the dam ha* been con T h e Culebra cut has been exploited
In the mouth o f March, 1009, more
To Keep Out^the'Cold and Rain.
structed by pumping mud and anud more than any other featu re o f the dirt was taken out than In the first
from the bed o f Chagres river. About canal, yet It was estim ated to cost tw en ty-tw o mouths o f operations. The
W E SELL THEM.
20 per cent of th , m aterial pumped is $80.481.000. or $5.000.000 less than the excavation In one month usually ex
solid matter, and wben It has deposited features Just enumerated.
Even the ceeded an amount equal to the pyra
the w ater Is pumped off Tbis opera dredging o f fifteen miles o f sea level mid o f Cheops, which Is 750 feet
tion has been r e l a t e d until an im(>er- channel has received little publicity, square and 451 feet high. T h e canal
vlous heart ha* been made In the dam. and this was to cost no less than $30.
force o f 1009, 1910 and 1911 would
Even if water from the luke penetrated 006.000
have dug und finished the Suez canal.
the outside walls o f rock and earth It.
The Culebra cut Is nine miles long, March, 1011. retains the record for the
would And thl* core w ater tight The with a curve for nearly every mile. greatest excavation lu the cut. when
F O R E S T G R O . V . E , O wR E G 'O N . j
dam Is nearly half a m ile thick at the
1.728,748 yards w ere removed, and this
buse. 308 feet thick where the water At these curve* the cut Is wldeued to also Is the record month fo r excava-
surface strikes It at elghty-Hve feet permit the ships to pass easily. Al
tlou for the whole canal, with a total
j and Is 100 feet wide at the top The ways the ch ief problem has been one rem oval o f 3.327.443 yards. T h e aver
o f transportation, or how to keep empty-
i outer coverings o f rock and earth on
age dally output o f steam shovels rose
the dam close over the hydraulic core cars In front o f the steam shovels con
from 500 yards In 1005. when only dirt
stautly.
In
a
canyon
only
300
feet
wide
at the crest. For about 500 feet the
was bundled, to 1.500 yarda lu 1911.
In
a
working
day
o
f
eight
hours
it
has
dam will be subjected to the full pres
when rock predominated. T h e cost in
sure o f eigh ty-five feet o f water, at been found iiosslble to keep tbe steam the central division has ranged from
shovels working only about six hours
other points to a less severe pressure.
10 <’ents a yard to 91 cents a yard,
Engineers consider the dam exces because o f tills circumscribed Held of with an avera ge o f 91 cents, from 1904
operations
sively safe, and the layman has no d if
to 1909 and fell to 51 cents tn 1911-12.
Naturally the seventy-five miles of
ficulty In appreciating Its strength.
Rains Interferred with the excava
Dealer in Flour, Feed and all kinds of
About half o f the m aterial required, track in tbe Culebra cut must be tlon work in the cut. reducing the out
22.504.000 cubic yards,
has
been shifted constantly as tbe excavation put In the rainy season several hundred
Garden Seeds in season......................
work carries tbe levels down.
This
thousand yards a month. During the
brought from the Culebra c u t On duly kept the track shifters and hundreds
downpours operations were suspended,
1, 1013. the dam was m ore than 09 per o f men at work day and night. During
but the cut was dug at a slant on both
cent completed, leaving less than 1 per the maximum operations In the cut
sides o f the mountain system, so that
cent to be done before the passage o f 6.000 men w ere entnloyed In the day
water was drained out o f It by gravity,
time. w h ile at night 400 men worked
the Hrst ship.
running out at both ends.
Rivers
to
keep
the
steam
shovels
In
reputr.
h>
On the Pacific side the first dam to
which crossed the line o f the canal
replenish
their
coal
bins,
blast
more
be encountered Is at I ’ edro Miguel aud
Pacific Ave.
Forest Grove, Oregon
were dlvert4*d by digging new chan-
serves to hold the waters o f Gatuu material for the shovels and otherwise l i t * ! « f * » r ♦
lake at Its southern end. It Is 1,400 to get the cut In shape fo r the next
(Continued next w eek )
feet long and forty feet wide at the day’s activities.
A
taint
100.000.000
cubic
yards
were
to
top T h e maximum height o f the w ater
be removed to com plete this part of
against this dam w ill be forty feet
The plan o f construction Is much the the canal, or practically half the totai
On .Inly 1. 1013. the begin
same ns at Oatun, but only 1,000,000 excavation
ning o f the last year o f work, there
cubic yards w ill be required.
A fte r » ship Is lowered thirty feet were 5.000.000 yards le ft to he re
by the Pedro Miguel look It finds It moved
For the whole length o f the cut the
self in an artificial lake a mile aud a
half long. This lake Is form ed by tw o average depth from the surface to th*
dams, the one to the west being 2.300 proposed bottom o f the canal was about
feet long and forty feet wide at the 120 feet, the highest |H>lnt on the cen
“Oregon’s
with
top. holding a maximum head o f w a ter line o f the canal being at Cuiehra
Home Town” is an ideal place in which
its wonderful possibilities of development in
ter o f forty feet It Is constructed with between Gold Htid C ontractor's hills
where excavation has gone down 27’.'
a hydraulic cere like the Oatun dam
agricultural and industrial fields, situated as
to live— and it is just as good as any in
On the east a concrete dam 500 feet feet A fte r the soil had Iveen removed
it is, close to the great market of the city of
which to invest your money and your
long and provided with a spillw ay, as for a short depth solid rock was struck
at Gattin. and capable o f discharging and to Ian I. 1013. 54.504.150 poundv
Portland: itself enjoying a climate and soil
efforts.
if dynam ite were used in blasting, oi
7.500 cubic feet o f w ater per second
the staggering total o f 27.252 tons
that produces any of the products of the
T o own property in Forest G rove is to
will hold the small lake in control
The lay mind thinks o f a pound o f dy
i The Cocoll river Is the principal feed
becom e filled with self confidence, for real
temperate zone and admitted by all to be
nnnilte as Impressive, hut Its use III
er o f this lake
Records kept by the French and by the canal work has been Ivewlldertngly
the banner county in the state, the proud
estate is bound to advance in the next few
heavy.
the Am ericans since 1004 show con
owner in W ashington County has the safest
years and the holders will receive generous
Most o f the explosive has been used
clusively that enough water alw ays
w ill be available to keep the Oatun In the Culebra cut. It I* estimated
and most productive of investments.
profits.
that a |mund o f dynam ite w ill break
lake and the tiny M lraflore* lake ade
up 2 14 cubic yards o f rock and earth
quafely supplied with w ater
No trou
ble at all can develop during the eight and a* much as twenty six tons have
months o f rainy season, and In the dry been set o ff In one blast In the "anal
season o f four months enough water Stringent rules have prevailed to pre
and will always be worth the
4 0 A c r e s all in C u lt iv a tio n
S J ^ A c re e , 4 b lo c k s of Banka
will have been stored In the lake by vent accident*. and. while deaths from
money and if any land in W ash
means o f the regulating works In the this cause have run Into the hundred*,
ington county is worth moie,
Good 7- om, modern house
2 miles o f F orest G rove, good
Oatun dam spillway to allow for all the handling o f tbl* amount o f dyna
it sure will be; if you don’t
and in
nod condit 1 n, good
6-room house, good barn and
louse» through evaporation, seepage, mite ha* been distinguished for the
want this, tell some of your
barn and chicken park, all
other out buildings; 1 team,
power consumption and loss through «m all number o f fatalities T b e largest
friends about it, I am sure
kinds o f fruit, large and small.
wagon, hark and buggy, 6
they will.
Price $10,00o, }£
This place will keep 4 cows,
tbe locka. During the wet season Mie single shipment o f dynam ite to Pan
cows, and all farm tools, hay
cash,
balance
to
suit.
and one can easily clear $100
and grain; running w ater thru
lake w ill be raised from elevation 85 ama was 846 tons, received-on -Inne 27.
per month. W ill sell for $8000
the place and a good well st
for tw o feet to elevation 87 over an 1011. without an accident In loading or
terms
to suit, or will trade for
the house. '1 bis land is level,
area o f 184 square miles
Tbts water unloading from the steam er
of 40 to 80 acres, preferably
vou can see all over it from the
All
through
the
day
d
rill»
operated
could be used until the lake falla to
near Forest Grove.
house. This is sure s good buy
•boot eighty tw o feet, or five feet over by compressed air bored Into the ro* k
tbe 164 aquare m iles
In an average In the cut for tw enty four feet
A
dry ecaaon this would permit fifty
small charge o f powder was set o ff st
Let us know your wants. W e will be pleased to satisfy tf em.
eight complete transits o f the canal the bottom o f these holes to enlarge
every tw enty-four hours If the full them for the real charge o f as much
1.000
foot capacity o f the locks were
as 200 pounds Then a fte r the men
used or more than the peril*! would al
had quit for tbe noon hour or p fter 5
low I f vessels follow ed at Intervals of o'clock In the afternoon the charge*
I C I E S T G R O V E PRESS B U IL D IN G
f|
PH O NE 501
w ere set o ff hy electric current Many =
one hour
T h e Gatun lake la backed up among persons have been killed by being
the hills by the dam until it reach"*
9ii uis by ruck» buried long tUstitncgi
H A S K E L L & SON
j
W I N TE R
Is upon us and you should get
MERTZ & LATTA
Cor. 5th A v»,
and 2nd St.,
Forest Grove,
Ore.
J
P
A. A. K I R K W O O D
CIVIL ENGINEER AND SURVEYOR
Municipal Engineering
Surveying and Subdividing
Phone 4S2
The Willis-Place Lumber Co.
Abbot Building
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AT
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FO R ES T
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*