NOVEL BUT TOO ELABORATE
SATISFACTORY METHOD OF
DISPOSING OF FARM SEWAGE
Device for Separating Whites and
Yolks of Eggs Invented by an
Oregon Man.
_ j
_
-
An Ingenious but rather elaborate
egg separator has been invented by O r d i n a r y C e s s p o o l is B e s t a n d C h e a p e s t P l a n — A n y o n e W h o
C a n P il e O n e S to n e o n T o p o f A n o t h e r C a n C o n s t r u c t
an Oregon man. A concave plate with
T a n k , W h i c h S h o u l d he a *u rg e E n o u g h
a lip on one side has a yolk-receiving
socket and a revolving cup. mounted
t o H o l d O n e B a y 's R e fu s e .
, on a lever, fits down over this socket.
_
is Shows Increased Farm Values'By brlng,ng ,he cup down the eeg 18
iSHINGTON.—The value of farm
IlMd per acre In the north central
i bas practically doubled In the
|te0 years, according to a bulletin
I by the census bureau. The to-
ue of farm lands and buildings
1 division has increased from less
i 110,000.000 in 1900 to more than
10,000 In 1910, while the number
tiers has Increased only a frac-
|of one per cent.
lire than two-thirds of the farmers
the section own their own farms,
more than half these owners
i their land free from mortgage. A
I decrease from 1900 Is shown In
Inumber of owners, while the ten-
farmers have Increased by more
i twenty per cent. A significant
»of the bulletin Is the Indication
i that the older states of the sec
ure decreasing in agricultural Im
itate, presumably owing to in-
tes in urban manufacturing popu-
dw Dr.
The total amount of land Included
in farms In 1910 was reported as 349,-
962.000 acres, as compared with 317.-
349.000 acres In 1900, an Increase of
32.613.000 acres, or ten per ceht This
Important increase Is largely due to
the extension of agricultural activities
into western North and South Dakotas,
Nebraska and Kansas, and Into north
ern Minnesota, Wisconsin and Michi
gan. These increases offset impor
tant decreases in other sections.
The Increases in total farm acreage.
In the order of their Importance, are:
North Dakota, 83 per cent.; South Da
kota, 36 per cent.; Nebraska, 29 per
cent.; Michigan, 8 per cen t; Wiscon
sin, 6 per cent.; Minnesota, 6 per
cent.; Kansas, 4 per cent., and Mis
souri, 2 per cent. The decreases are:
lowa, Indiana and Ohio, each 2 per
cent., and Illinois, 1 per cent. There
are also Important decreases In- the
older sections of the other states.
Each of the states on the western
border of the division, and those along
the Canadian border, show increases
in tho number of farms.* These in
creases, in the order of their Impor
tance, are: North Dakota, 64 percent.;
South Dakota, 47 per cent.; Nebraska,
6 per cent.; Wisconsin, 4 per cent.;
Kansas and Michigan, each 2 per cent«
and Minnesota, 1 per cent
Graham Bell Keeps Away Heat
UNO the recent heat waves, cost-
ling in six days 120 lives In New
I city alone. Dr. Alexander Gra-
l Bell, the inventor of the tele-
stoked up the ice stove, his
invention, In his Washington
, and felt quite comfortably cool
«others were sweltering in an at-
iphere from which there appeared
|k no prospectB of relief. Doctor
i Is not going to patent his ice
Now that he has given It a
or Bell's Ice stove Is the exact
site of the ordinary coal furnace.
the latter consumes coal and
ktes heat to keep up the tempera-
i, the former consumes ice and ra-
i cooling waves of air to keep it
i the ground floor of Doctor Bell's
ihington residence Is what was
t a swimming tank. Having been
: to hold water, it can safely be
traded upon to hold cold air. It is
|»eil known fact that cold air is
tier than warm air. Everybody has
Heed that when a window is opened
It room in cold weather the feet feel
COUD Alfe
c
—
-XOUlT
Revolving Arm Cleans Plate.
cracked and the white flows out Into
the plate, while the yolk is retained
in the socket The cup also has a
cleaning arm extending from it and
by turning the cup this arm can be
made to clean the plate, the contents
of which can be poured through the
lip Into the cup or other receptacle
waiting. Of course the yolk of the
egg is not broken in this operation or
it would run into the white. As it is,
the yolk and shell are removed from
the cup of the separator afterward
The experienced cook, however, would
probably regard such an apparatus as
more Interesting than necessary.
Salad-Like Dish That Is Attractive
the cold first. This is because the
and Not at All Difficult
admitted cold air has fallen to the
to Make.
floor.
So if cold air was poured into
the ordinary room It would flow out
To make cucumber cups pare large,
under doors and through floor cracks well-shaped cucumbers, cut each in
wherever it could find them.
four pieces crosswise, and cut a slice
In addition to the old swimming off the two ends so that they will
tank, which Doctor Bell has fitted up stand cuplike; hollow out the centers,
as a study, with easy chair, couch and stand the cups on a few leaves of
table and books, the inventor needed lettuce and fill with the tartar sauce,
an apparatus for supplying cold air to i arranging the left-over bits of cu
the tank This was a simple matter. A cumber at the base.
To prepare the sauce set a bowl on
large Ice box was constructed and Into
this about 200 pounds of Ice are fed some pieces of Ice, and put Into It a
twice every week. Air pipes lead Into saltspoonful each of mustard and salt,
the Ice box and other pipes convey the with two of sugar, and a pinch of
chilled air into the Inventor’s study, cayenne; drop in the yolks of two
the flow being regulated by an electric eggs, stir until mixed and begin whisk
ing with a wire whisk while you add
fan.
slowly a gill of olive oil, diluting, for
fear It should become too thick, with
three teaspoonfuls, gradually, of vin
egar.
When ready to serve add a tea
alry in Its scouting capacity. A light
collapsible steel mast, not much larger spoonful each of chepped capers, pick
than a fishing rod, served to support les, parsley, olives and shallots, and
the antennae necessary to establish a few drops of Tarragon vinegar.
Those who go In for changes may like
communication.
The real purpose of the recent great this better than the ever-dellcious
assemblage of troops in Texas, aside plain French dressing, for tablespoon
from International considerations, was fuls of olive oil beaten with peppsr
the creation of one tremendous mili and salt, and then, still beating, a
tary unit, and that was successfully ac tablespoonful of vinegar, drop by drop,
complished for the first time since the on thinly sliced cucumber.
Civil war, in the opinion of Major Gen
eral Carter
Five times the cost of this operation
would not measure the value to the
country of the experiment, declared
General Carter. It was the first oppor
tunity that the modern army had to
get together all branches of the serv
ice— the Infantry, the cavalry, the artil
lery, the transportation and subsist
ence departments—and to make a
thorough test of what had been purely
theoretical estimates of the proper bal
ance between them.
terior Departm ent Issues W arning
OMPLAINTS have been received
ffrom settlers on reclamation pro-
i that by reason of the misrepre-
itions of land agents they have
i induced to purchase lands which
l afterward found to be without
! rights to water from the govern
*t canals. The secretary of the ln-
_for issued a warning which, while
Jtefers particularly to the Rio Grande
Ject In New Mexico and Texas, is
Ally applicable to other projects
Gaining large areas of private lands,
"ill persons are warned against ac
ting any statements concerning
1 Project without Inquiry from the
era of the reclamation service. Ex-
, ence has shown that some warning
[W . kind is necessary because mls-
Ung statements have been Issued
ding the project and the condi-
■ —i existing upon It.
I "in particular, attention Is directed
P * requirements of the reclamation
regarding residence and cultlva
*• The ¿ c t prescribes that no right
use of water for land In private
ship shatl be sold for a tract ax-
11(0 acres to any one land own
above the freetlng point This jya-
tem Is not an experiment; it has been
successfully used for many years.
Provide a load of field stone, not
too large, a load ot gravel, not too
coarse, five sacks ot cement and a
box the right length for the family,
three feet wide and three feet long,
with no bottom, and tile according to
the distance away from the house.
Dig a pit at least four feet deep, four
feet tour Inches wide and 16 Inches
longer than the box. The depth should
vary according to length of fall be
tween the house and the disposal
field, where the loose-Joluted pipe la
to be located.
Mix half a bushel of cement with
three bushels of graveL Be sure there
are no streaks In It when mixed,
then add enough water to make a
rather thin paste. Mix thoroughly
again, and, after placing a layer ot
stone In the bottom of the pit, throw
In the concrete and level off. Let
stand until the next morning and place
the box an equal distance from each
bank of the pit Cut holes In each end
of box for inlet and outlet pipes, and
place these pipes In position.
Put In a layer ot stone around the
outside of the box, and then a layer
of mixed concrete, mixed as before
ouurr two
4 'T U .C
• r iÜ L NOT B V M
■
’ « ' T O T h CFOOT
A f T t K RCACMM«
W SPCJAt A S M
«' x
j ' x
r
CUCUMBER CUPS ARE GOOD
WD
fireless Telegraph for the Cavalry
|HE military value of the cavalry
branch has been enormously In-
wed by the adoption of wireless
graphy, for the first time In this
mtry thoroughly tried out in the
maneuvers.
■The signal corps had devised an ex
fflely light and portable wireless ap-
os, easily carried on the back of
,-se and capable of being put into
»tlon from any point In the field
Jin a few minutes. It was found
Jt the messages could be readily re-
bid when the cavalry detachment
k anywhere within twenty-five miles
[a receiving station, a fact which
I greatly to the value of the cav-
Many have been deterred from hav
ing bathrooms, etc., because of lack of
a way to dispose of the sewage. A
few have water systems Insulted, and
the waste has been run Into streams
or old-fashioned cesspools, which are
dangerous things unless very far re
moved from the water supply. A
proper cesspool Is the best and cheap
est method of disposing of the
sewage from the farm home. Do not
be scared out because some scientific
fellow has called what you want an
anaerobic tank or a septic tank. It Is
really nothing mut a plain, ordinary
cesspool that does not "cess," writes
Dr. E. M. Santee'of New York In the
New England Homestead. Anyone
who Is able to pile one stone above
another can make one. It Is a tank
made tight, so the liquids are held un
til the fecal matter Is converted Into
liquids or gases by the growth of
bacteria that all fecal matter contains.
It should be large enough to hold
all of the sewage that accumulates In
a day from the home. It should be
made longer than wide. One should
never be made less than six feet long
by three feet deep and three feet
wide. This Is large enough for a fam
ily of six grown people. Add one
foot to the length for each additional
er, and that no such sale shall be made
to any land owner unless he be an ao-
tual bona-fide resident on such land or
| occupant thereof, residing In the
[ neighborhood of said land.
"It also Is required that the land
owner shall reclaim at least one-half
of the total irrigable area of his land
for agricultural purposes before any
right to the use of water shall perma
nently attach.
"It Is not known how many years
trill be required for the construction of
the storage dam, nor Is It safe to make
predictions as to when water will be
available In view of the many uncer
tainties existing. Warning also la
given that the amount of available wa
ter power has been grossly exaggerat
ed lg many current discussions *
Lemon Pie.
Line pie plate with crust and bake.
Make crust with two cups of flour and
one-half cup of lard, a little water
and teaspoon salL Take double boiler
and put In a cup of sugar with two
rounding tablespoons flour. Mix well.
Grate the rind of one lemon; add the
Juice and yolks of three eggs, with
salt. Stir all together and add a cup
of boiling water. Cook until thick.
Beat the whites of the three eggs, add
sugar and spread over the filling and
brown in the oven.
Well Arranged Cesspool fo r Sewage—Cross Section.
person. The secret of success lies In
the way that the sewage goes In and
how the clear water comes out. The
top of the tank should be below the
level of the point where the sewer
pipe leaves the cellar. As the Inlet
pipe enters one end of the tank, It
should have an elbow that turns down
to within 18 Inches of the bottom.
This pipe should be four Inches In
diameter and have tight Joints. The
fall In It should be not less than one-
fourth Inch to the foot
The outlet pipe should dip down, so
that the Inner end Is 12 Inches below
the top of the tank, and the outer end
should be only about one Inch below
the top of the tank. This tank may
be located anywhere outside of the
cellar wall where the fall may be had.
The water from it has to be run Into
a loose-jointed pipe about eight feet
long for each person In the family,
unless tbe soil be heavy clay, when
the length should be doubled. It
should be laid in a ditch 12 Inches
deep. This pipe should at least be
three Inches In diameter, and larger
Is better; It should have a fall of
about 1-32 of an Inch to the foot, and
may be located anywhere the soil Is
loose. A vegetable garden or a lawn
Is Ideal for It. It should be connect
ed with the overflow pipe by tlght-
jolnted sewer pipe that has a fall of
not less than 1-16 Inch to the foot
The tank, when finished, should be
tightly covered, without ventilation
When It Is working right there will
be a green scum on the surface of the
liquids. It does not freeze In winter
because heat Is generated In the de
composition, and the water that Is
constantly being emptied Into It Is far
Alternate stone and concrete until the
top of the box Is reached, tbe last
layer being concrete, so that it may
be choked off level with the top of
the box. Put the stone back from the
box and use Bpade or shingle as in
the spring, so that the inside may fee
smooth. The top may be covered with
plank or a concrete slab. The latter
costs no more and Is permanent. To
make this slab make a box the size
of the outside of tbe tank and four
inches deep. Put in about one inch
In depth of concrete, made as before;
lay In old pipe or old Iron of any kind
about eight Inchep apart and extend
ing nearly across the box; then fill
up with concrete and stroke off level
with the edge of the box.
After the concrete Is thoroughly dry
remove the box from the pit, wet the
Inside walls and floor, mix some clear
cement and water to the consistency
of batter, and. with a trowel, smooth
up tbe Inside with this mortar; then
take an old whitewash brush and put
on a wash made of clear cement and
water about like thin cream. This
will make the Inside smooth and wa
ter-tight. Place the cover on, cover
It up, connect to the bouse plumbing
and the loose Jointed pipe In tbe 12-
Inch ditch to the overflow pipe; cover
all and allow the sewage rrom all
parts of tbe home to flow In.
Do not add disinfectants; they will
stop the nrtlon that Is so necessary to
success. This tank will not have to
be cleaned, as all solid matter Is de
stroyed except the mineral portion,
which Is so small In farm sewage that
it would not amount to one-half Inch
In depth In a year.
POTATOES WIN FIRST PRIZE
Broiled Eggplant
Remove the skin from a raw egg
plant cut It in slices a quarter of an
Inch thick. Lay them on a greased
broiler, cook until done. Turn fre
quently to keep from burning.
The
same result may be achieved by lay
ing the slices on a hot griddle such
as you use for pancakes, greasing with
! a bit of suet Draw griddle to back
1 of stove where tha sTgplant will cook
through slowly without
burining.
Serve on toast slightly moistened with
hot water.
Melting Potatoes.
Wash, peel and boll In salted water'
about eight potatoes.
When done
drain and dry over the fire for a mo
ment Take each potato and press It
firmly In a cloth so as to give It a
round shape
Place In a buttered
baking dlah, pour over half a pint
of stock, put a piece of butter on each
potato, season with salt and pepper
All New England appreciates good That Is tbe name of tbe variety, end
and bake In the oven until the pota
Here are some Good Times they attracted constdermble attention
toes have absorbed all the stock. Po times
when displayed at tbe Vermont slat«
ut oes cooked In this way melt la the potatoes, grown by Joseph D. end
Rese O. Wood of Windsor county, VL fair, where they won first pris«.
mouth, hence the name
;i