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About Estacada progress. (Estacada, Or.) 1908-1916 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 2, 1915)
PRACTICAL HINTS ON FILLING SILO Methods o i Harvesting, Hauling and Cutting Silage Crops S lL A t.U TIME SOU X HERE inherent C rops Alake Good Products but t orn is 1'relerable in Oregon lor Many Reasons. “ in many parts o f Orgeon farmers and dairymen will put up silage lo r the first time this fall, said K. li. Graves, professor oi dairying at the Agricultural College, “ and now is the tune when they will be glad to have some suggestions as to tilling their silos." ¿Supplying such information at the time wnen farmers need it is precise ly what the Tress Bulletin is for, so the editor has secured for their use the following* point s on putting up corn silage: Coin n5 the principal silage crop because it produce.- more silage to the acre tin Al l other crops, it is easier to harvest ,nd put into the silo, it is cleaner h avored and more palatable, it 1-avK, veil, anu it contains the re q U i i e u l aii l o u n t el sugar to make tne proper iU S i 0 i preserving* and fla vornig i . n i e proa tlet. it should oe cut for siiaj£e when the kernels are past tile mil.K stage and are glazed and uenteu, W h i e d 1 s about the time tne lower lei x v e s are turning brown. a oungei* t•orn mlakes a more sour pro- duct an(i aoes not contain so much nutrient s the mature corn. Corn in the s.ikeu stage contains uu per cent more dry matter than in the tassei stage, 3 d per cent more in the mil., than in the siik stage, and 5o per cent more in the glazed than in the milk stage, immature corn is poor leeti. But if the crop is frosted before it matures it should be put into the silo at once, i f this is impossible, water must be added to supply that lost by evaporation. Very dry corn put into the silo is apt to mold, or lirefang, un less water is added. Crew Required. The amount of help required at silo filling time will be determined by the capacity o f the silage cutter, the distance to haul the corn, the size of the loads hauled, and other factors. As a rule, four to six men with teams will be required, and four to six ad ditional men. The greatest economy in tilling is secured when there is just force enough to keep the cutter run ning* at full capacity. Cutting Corn. The corn may be cut for the silo either by hand or by the use of the corn binder. The latter method is preferable, and where the amount of silage put up each year does not jus tify the purchase of a machine by the individual, two or more farmers should purchase one in partnership, in using the corn binder, it will be found best to make the bundles rather small because o f the ease in handling and in feeding into the silage cutter. One man with three horses should be able to cut six to eight acres per day. He should not cut faster, however, than the wagons can haul the corn to the cutter. Hauling the Corn. The hauling should be done with low wheeled wagons; or a low down rack can be easily made by the use o f two 4xfi-inch pieces 18 or 20 feet long bolt oil together at one end to form a V, this end being suspended from the front axle by the use o f a long king bolt. The other ends are attached be low' the hind axle by U-shaped clevis es. End boards, built four feet high and flaring, will protect the wheels. The loads should be as large as pos sible or the expense is unnecessarily high. Silage Cutter. Iri the purchase o f a cutter, the considerations are: capacity o f the machine, the amount o f work to be done, and the power available. The power required will depend on the size of the machine and the kind of elevator used. The blower is more satisfactory than the carrier because o f the difficulty in setting up the car rier, and the waste when used. The blower pipe should be as nearly per pendicular as possible in order to eliminate friction on the pipe and pre vent clogging. As a rule one horse power is required for each inch of length in the cutting cylinder for gas oline power, and at least two-thirds the same for steam power. Length to Cut. As a rule the cutter should be set to cut lengths o f from one-half to three- quarters o f an inch. The liner the cut, the more solidly can the corn be packed into the silo. Cutting the corn finer reduces the capacity o f the ma chine or requires an increase o f power. Tacking the Silage. It is very important that the silage lie thoroughly packed, in order to ex clude the air. It is especially im portant that the silage around the walls be closely packed, as this is where the air usually enters and where the silage spoils. While the silo is being filled, at least one man, and preferably two, should work in the silo, placing and packing the silage. The silage should be kept highes around the walls than at the center and should be constantly MANY GRADUATES BECOME TEACHERS Demand tor Commercial and Manual Training Greater than Supply Oregon Agricultural College, Cor vallis, Aug. ;!0.— More than 70 grad uates o f the Oregon Agricultural Col lege have been appointed to teaching positions for 1915-1G, as shown by the report o f Professor Kessler, chair man o f the teachers’ appointment committee, just submitted to President Kerr. Fifty-three o f these are o f the 1915 class, and seven hold masters’ degrees. Thirty-nine have positions in Home Economics, thirteen in Man ual training, eight in Commerce, nine in agriculture, and the remainder in the elementary and high school glades. Other States Supplied. Nearly twenty per cent of the total appointments have been made in the following states: California, 5; Wash ington, i; Idaho, 2; Montana, 1; West Virginia, 1. There are three or four sent first appointments after gradua tion, nor the average earnings of O. A . C. graduates who are teaching. O f the sixty-four appointments involved in the averages, fifty-one have had no previous experience teaching the in dustrial subjects, eight have had but one year’s experience, and five have had two or more years. Following is the completed list to August 15, the date of the Commit tee’s report: Home Economics. Ada Alderton, Vader, Wash.; Helen Anderson, San Francisco, (Dietician in hospital); Marie Anthony, McM'inn- ville; Merle Bowen, Silverton; Amelia Burns, Spokane; Hazel Cartan, Gresh am; Lucile Chase, Eugene; Evelyn Conklin, Woodburn; Marie Cathey, Oakland; Lucy Crawford, The Dalles; Edith Crockett, Union; Margaret Da visson, Central Point;' Mildred Hall, Falls City; Lydia Doolittle, Wallowa; Kareen Hansen, Junction City; Jessie Harritt, Redmond; Mary Hartur, Oakland, Calif.; Ruth Hill, Palouse, Wash.; Hazel Holt, Burns; Katherine Kooken, Baker; Julia Marvin, The Dalles, (dietician in hospital); Belle Mattley, Oregon City; Ethel Matzler, Elgin; Lottie Milam, Portland; Emily College students fitting silo with new type o f sitage at the Oregon Agricultural College. tramped about the walls. The silage in the center will pack itself. Distributing Silage. The best results in evenly distribut ing the silage are obtained from the use o f a distributing pipe which at taches to the end of the blower pipe. Uniform distribution is necessary for uniform packing and settling, wffiich are essential to the preservation of the silage. Adding Water to Dry Corn. I f the corn has become very dry from being frosted or from getting over ripe, water should be added, as the silage goes into the silo. This is very effectively done by tapping the blower pipe at the base and inserting a half-inch hose, allowing a constant stream of water to enter the pipe. Covering Surface. I f feeding begins immediately after the silo is filled, surface spoilage is prevented; but usually feeding does not begin for a few weeks, and when such is the case, straw, chaff, or hay may be run through the cutter and thoroughly packed on the top surface, thus preventing spoilage. Oats are sometimes sown on the surface, which as soon as sprouted, form a sod which excludes the air . FARM B U ILD IN G DESIGN Students interested in agricultural or domestic architecture at the Ore gon Agricultural College may take such courses in these subjects as they are prepared for and are interested in. Rural architecture, advanced ag ricultural building design and farm plan drawing are three special courses arranged for those who do special work looking to the improvement of farm arrangement and farm buildings in Oregon. more pending in the neighboring states which are practically assured and the committee predicts that with other Oregon appointments likely to be made this month, the total will pass eighty. Manual Training Demand. The demand for .Manual Training and Commercial teachers is greater than the supply. While the number o f appointments in Home Economics is greater than in any other two de partments, the supply is also greater, fully two-thirds of the sixty-two grad uates in Home Economics this year having registered with the committee. The demand fo r Agricultural teachers is lowest in Oregon, four o f the nine appointments being made in other states. Woman Gets Highest Salary. The honor o f receiving the highest salary among this year's appointees goes to a woman, Miss Carolyn Jack- son, who will teach Agriculture in the State Normal School at Albion, Idaho, at a salary o f seventeen hun dred dollars. Two men are receiving fifteen hundred, one fourteen hundred, one man and one woman each twelve hundred. There are two other salaries of eleven hundred, five at a thousand, and eight at nine hundred. The aver age salary is highest in Agriculture, being eleven hundred fourteen dollars. Manual Training averages eight hun dred twenty-two dollars. Home Eco nomics and Commerce tie at seven hundred ninety-three dollars. The highest salary in Agriculture is seventeen hundred dollars; the low est is seven hundred twenty. The highest in Home Economics is twelve hundred, the lowest five hundred eighty-five. The highest in Manual Training is eleven hundred, the low est seven hundred twenty. The high est in Commerce is. nine hundred, lowest six hundred seventy-five. These figures and averages neither repre Miller, Independence; Julia B. Miller, Fossil; Edna M'ills, Forest Grove; Grace Mitchell, Medford; Winifred Patterson, Albany; Clare Pierce, Port land; Ann Russell, North Venice, Cal.; Ann Rutledge, Springfield; June See ley, O. A. C.; Edith Shaw, Salem; Mildred Soden, Oakville, Wash.; Ruth Smith, San Francisco, (dietician in hospital); Lila Swafford, Portland; Elvia Tagg, Seaside; Mildred Wilson, Pendleton. Manual Training. F. J. Dietsch, Freewater; W. E. Dolde, Phoenix; Theodore Ellesta, In dependence; C. B. Catchell, Corvallis; 0. W. James, Salem; L. A. King, Kla math Falls; Donald McGogy, West Virgina; Roy Michelbook, Eugene; J. W. Motley, Heppner; Philip Parcher, The Dalles; J. A. Straughan, Silver- ton; George K. Thomas, Forest Grove; Harold Turner, Eugene. Agriculture. L. J. Allen, Corvallis; F. R. Brown, Payette, Idaho; George G. Dewey, Portland; F. J. Dietsch, Freewater; E. I). Doxee, Crescent City. Calif.; Car oline Jackson, Idaho (State Normal School); W. O. King, Belt, Mont.; George F. Sanders, Tillamook; R. V. Wright, Salem, (State Industrial School). Commerce. Kathryn Corbin, Forest Grove; Del- mar Eddy, Astoria; Emil Horning, Sa lem; Enid Keeper, Condon; Henry W. Russell, Hood R iver; V’arna Tagg, Springfield; Zetta Underwood, W al lowa; Gertrude Walling, Salem. Other Appointments. Elvia Beals, Douglas County; Ab- bie rnon, Philomath; Phoebe French, Vesper: n. W. Hvland. Hemet. Calif.; Tonic King, Lincoln Count” ; A. Lute. Redlands, Calif.; Katherine Lyster, Douglas County; Leora Philinni, Early; E. B. Stanley. Central Point, (promoted from principal to superin tendent); Faith Young, Boring.
