SUPPLEMENT TO
ESTACADA
PROGRESS
THURSDAY, AUGUST 19, 19IS
Published weekly by the extension
division of the Oregon Agricultural
College. R. D. Hetzel, director.
Exchange copies and communica
tions should be addressed to Editor of
Press Bulletins, 116 Agricultural Hall,
O. A. C., Corvallis, Ore.
The Press Bulletin aims to keep
the state press informed in all mat
ters of interest and value related
to the work o f the Oregon Agricul
tural College. Editors are respect
fully requested to publish for the
benefit of their readers such items as
they think seasonable and suited to
local use.
POULTRY
O. A. C. H E N S S T IL L LE A D
O. A. C. White Leghorns first, Ore
gons second and 0 . A. C. Barred Rocks
fourth, is the report of the Panama-
Pacific Exposition egg-laying contest
for August 1. This is the same rank
that the three College pens held at the
time of the July report, but the lead
ers have increased their lead from 120
to 173, while the Rocks have cut
down the lead o f their nearest com
petitors from 36 to 9. These are the
ranks o f the three College pens among
all breeds fo r the entire term of con
test to date. Speaking o f this phe-
nominal record the official report of
the contest says: “ “ The pen o f White
Leghorns from the Oregon College of
Agriculture, also a pen of Barred
Rocks and one produced by a cross be
tween Leghorns and Plymouth Rocks,
are three o f the highest pens in the
E gg Laying Contest. They have all
been bred according to the methods
used by Prof. James Dryden at the
Oregon Agricultural College. He has
learned a great deal about breeding
for egg production as the result of
his many years o f experimental work
at the Oregon Agricultural College,
and is to deliver an illustrated address
during the week o f the Panama-Pa
cific Poultry Show on the selection of
layers and the result o f his experi
ments at the Oregon Station.” The
crossbred hens still lead in individual
term contest, and the first six places
are all held by hens from Oregon, a
Barred Rock o f F. M. Sherman, o f
Lebanon, being tied fo r third place
with a record o f 163 eggs, the two
leaders, O. A . C. crosses, having a
record o f 156 each.
E X T E N S IO N
L O G A N B E R R Y O UTLO O K
H IG H L Y E N C O U R AG ING
(Capital Journal.)
One year ago, but fe w cases of
loganberry juice were shipped to the
eastern markets during the month o f
August.
Yesterday, a local firm
shipped a solid carload o f loganberry
juice to New York City. One year
ago, the loganberry juice was prac
tically unknown in the east. Now,
thanks to the advertising given it by
William Jennings Bryan and the pub
licity through loganberry day at the
Oregon building, the larger daily pa
pers in the east are freely discussing
it. The New York Tribune gives con
siderable space to Bryan’s taste for
the juice, and the N ew York Evening
Telegram sings its praises. And all
this has happened within one year.
This sudden change in the fortunes
o f the loganberry should be taken into
consideration by the growers who have
become discouraged.
V IL L A G E B E A U T IF U L SUCCEEDS
“ This is the second year o f village
beautifying at McCormack, Washing
ton,” said M. O. Evans, Jr., o f the O.
A. C. Extension staff upon his return
from there the second week in August,
"and wonderful improvement has been
made. McCormack is chiefly a lumber
town and you know that many o f them
are very unattractive. So was Mc
Cormack two years ago, but President
Wheeler, o f the lumber company, has
a wife who set her heart on brighten
ing things up. She offered prizes for
the best kept property and gave in
structions on how to beautify. This
year prizes were again awarded, pre
vious winners being barred. I was
sent fo r to judge the contest and was
surprised to see what had been accom
plished. Even those who did not ex
pect to try fo r prizes were led to im
prove their grounds by the success of
their neighbors. N ext year prizes will
be given in two classes, class A being
prize-winners and class B all others.
cow a bucketfull o f grain whether she
is givin g ten or fo rty pounds o f milk,
writes R. R. Graves, head o f the O. A .
C. Dairy department. In this way the
high producer is likely to suffer while
the low producer gets more than she
needs, using the surplus to store fat
on the body. Every animals should be
fed according to what she produces.
As general rule, i f the cow fattens
during the first two-thirds o f her lac
tation period she is getting too much
feed. I f she produces heavily and falls
off in flesh she is probably getting too
little. Cows using the average amount
o f feed require from 50 to 60 per cent
o f their feed for body maintenance,
the remainder going to make milk.
P R E P A R IN G PR E M IU M L IS T
FOR T H E C O U N T Y F A IR
CO LLEGE NEW S
Oregon Agricultural College, Cor
vallis, Aug. 16.— Premium lists should
be attractive, complete, concise and
clear, reports the committee o f Oregon
Agricultural College
specialists on
community and county fairs. A con
venient size is four inches wide by
eight or nine inches long. The covers
should be neat and attractive but not
flashy, bearing the name, place, and
date of the fair, and may have a good
illustration o f local scene or some
noted cow or other animal.
On the first page should appear the
names and addresses of the fa ir o f
ficers and directors, which should be as
widely representative as possible so
that exhibitors may consult them on
difficult points. The next page may
contain announcement o f the purpose
of the fair, special features, names of
judges, and other necessary details.
Following this may be information on
admission, concessions, transportation,
picnic facilities,
and other useful
points. Then .should come the general
rules, which will be treated in a later
issue o f the News Bulletin.
W H Y C O U N T R Y D W E LLE R S
D R IF T E D IN T O C IT IE S
E X P E R IM E N T
S T A T IO N
C L IM A T E OF U M A T IL L A PROJECT
“ Climatic conditions o f this dis
trict are very congenial
fo r crop
growth,” writes Ralph W. Allen, su
perintendent o f the Umatilla project
to the Director o f the Experiment
Station at the Oregon Agricultural
College. “ They are a rare combination
o f dry atmospheres and mild winters
resulting from interior location and
low altitude. The effect is a compari-
tively long growing season and mild
open winters. While the country is
quite flat in general it is frequently
broken by minor irregularities result
ing occasionlly in late spring and
early fall frosts. While these frosts
do not appear to be sufficiently severe
to injure the field crops, they render
orchard heating necessary to insure
against loss from
unexpected late
frosts in the spring.”
D A IR Y
BEST P L A C E FO R SILO
Silos should be located close to the
animals to be fed from them, accord
ing to the Oregon Agricultural Col
lege plans. They should not be in
side the barn since they take up a
good deal of room and may give off
offensive odors that will taint the
milk. They would also be inconven
ient to fill, and silos should be where
they may most readily be filled. It
requires about a quarter o f a ton of
ensilage daily to feed twelve cows
each forty pounds a day, so that the
silage should not have to be moved
any further than is necessary.
HOW TO FEED D A IR Y COWS
Many dairymen that wish to feed lib
erally go down the line and g ive each
Oregon Agricultural College, Cor
vallis, Aug. 16.— “ The history o f ag
riculture in America during the period
under consideration leaves no doubt
as to the cause of the migration in
this country from the farm to the
city,” says President W . J. Kerr o f the
Oregon Agricultural College, speaking
o f the rise of agricultural education.
“ Through the wasteful, unscientific
methods of agriculture, and the con
sequent impoverishment o f soil fe r
tility, there was a continual deteriora
tion in farm crops and depreciation in
the value o f farm products. With
rare exceptions, farm properties were
heavily mortgaged, while in some sec
tions many farms were actually aban
doned because o f the inability o f the
owners to support their families and
meet the burden o f taxes and inter
est. Farm hours were long and hard,
not only for the farmers themselves
and their wives, but also fo r the
children who were old enough to per
form the simplest kinds o f labor. The
schools were small,
ungraded, and
poor, illl-adapted to the needs o f the
people. Even the rural churches,
where there were any, were uninspira-
tional, and offered little relief from
the monotony o f country life. In a
word, the lifel o f the farmer was
characterized by constant, extreme
physical drudgery, and by isolation
and monotony.
“ Is it any wonder, then, that the
farmers themselves did not desire that
their children should follow in the
footsteps o f their parents, but rather
that they should engage in any kind
o f activity that m ight
take them
away from the farm, with its narrow,
uninviting, unprogressive prospects;
that their ambition was to have their
sons and daughters follow vocations
in which there would be a broader out
look, fairer prospects, greater happi
ness?
The fact is that during the
period mentioned, the greater oppor
tunities for advancement found in city
life, whether in the professions, in
business, in the trades, or even in com
mon labor, were the magnetic forces
which irresistibly drew the farm youth
cityward.
“ O f course, the statements just
made are not applicable alike to all
parts o f the country, or to all people
engaged in agricultural pursuits in
any part o f the country, but unques
tionably such conditions did prevail
generally, and constituted the main
reason fo r the tendency to leave the
country fo r city occupations.”
ENTOM OLOGY
ROTATO B E E TLE R E A P P E A R S
That the Colorado Potato Beetle has
succeeded in getting established in
Oregon, is the essence o f reports on
the situation made by Agricultural
College Extension officers to the de
partment o f Entomology. “ The pest
was first recorded in Oregon last
year,” said Professor Wilson, head of
the department, “ when it was ob
served in fields of Eastern Oregon. An
attempt was made to stamp it out
before it could establish itself but its
reappearance this year shows that the
efforts did not entirely succeed. The
beetle is readily controlled by stand
ard arsenical sprays and if growers
will cooperate with their agricultural
agents or other officials its field can
be limited and the pest itself eradi
cated. Uncontrolled it is an exceed
ingly destructive pest.”
COMMERCE
DOWER
AND
C U R TE S Y
RIGHTS
Dower and curtesy are not an in
terest in real estate but only a right
with reference to it, writes Hon. E. E.
Wilson, former member o f the O. A.
C. Board o f Regents in Business Side
of Farming. This right is inchoate
during life and springs into existence
on the death of one spouse, enduring
only for the life o f the surviving
spouse. Either husband or w ife may
convey separate property without the
other joining in the deed, but while
this would entitle the purchaser to
the property during the life o f the
grantor if the spouse survives the
grantor, either husband or wife, this
spouse would be entitled to one-half
o f the land during life. Upon death
o f surviving husband or w ife the land
is absolutely freed from the dower or
curtesy right.
A N IM A L
HUSBANDRY
BACON BREED OF YO R K S H IR E S
Large Yorkshires are an English
bacon breed, white in color, and having
concave faces with snouts turned out
at nearly right angles, says R. E.
Reynolds, of the O. A . C. Extension
staff in speaking o f the breeds of
swine The body of the Yorkshire is
straighter on top than the Berkshire
and it is slightly less meaty, although
it has greater length and depth. It is
true generally to the bacon type but
from the American standpoint it is
neither wide nor blocky enough. The
breed is high in fertility, is o f the
largest size, and carries a large pro
portion of lean meat. Hums, back
and lard, are deficient, and until the
consuming public is educated to fancy
bacon the breed will hardly become
popular.
O N E E X TE N S IO N M A N ’S WORK
In one year the distance traveled
in College Extension work by E. B.
Fitts, dairy specialist, was by train
12,424 miles, by stage 318 miles and
by auto 1467 miles, total o f 14,209
miles. During this time he held or
assisted in holding 196 meetings in
which the attendance totaled 13,131.
He also visited 127 farms, inspected
25 creameries, and judged live-stock
at eight fairs. A ll this was in Oregon
during the period July 1, 1914, to July
1, 1915.
OREGON
BOY M AK E S GOOD
Having passed the inter-state com
merce commission examination in the
list o f ten highest C. M. Hartsock, a
1913 graduate o f O. A. C., has been
appointed to a position as surveyor
and estimator o f values o f railroads
in the Western United States. Pres
ent headquarters for his company are
Fargo, but during
the winter the
special car provided fo r their home
and office will be operated over South
ern California lines. A fte r graduation
from the civil engineering department
o f the College Mr. Hartsock was em
ployed as instrument man on the Co
lumbia River Highway. In his pres
ent work he will have associated with
him F. W. Smith, another graduate of
the same department.