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About Estacada progress. (Estacada, Or.) 1908-1916 | View Entire Issue (July 15, 1915)
SUPPLEMENT TO ESTACADA PROGRESS l'HURSDAY, J U L Y IS, ID1S Published weekly by the extension division of the Oregon Agricultural College. R. D. Hetzel, director. Exchange copies and communica tions should be addressed to Editor of Press Bulletins, 116 Agricultural Hall, 0. A. C., Corvallis. Ore. The Press Bulletin aims to keep the state press informed in all mat ters of interest and value related to the work of the Oregon Agricul tural College. Editors are respect fully requested to publish for the benefit of their readers such items as they think seasonable and suited to local use. E X T E N S IO N CANNING DEMONSTRATION CAR ON S. P. R. R. LINES Oregon Agricultural College, Cor vallis, July 12.— A demonstration car for teaching farmers and others inter ested the new process o f canning by the steam pressure method is now in any unknown grass. The nature of the distinguishing characteristics which are used in the identification of glasses are very specific, requiring considerable detail information, often times in regard to the whole plant of the grass, and if those who desire to send grasses for identification would observe one or two points in the col lecting of grasses it would greatly aid the department to serve their needs more accurately. There would be no need for making any suggestion for the proper collection of grasses if every one sent in the whole grass plant when well-headed out. In view of the fact that it is often more con venient to send a portion o f the plant for identification one should take care to note certain other information which is often times necessary in the identification; as for example, the height o f the plant; whether it is an annual or a perennial grass; where does the grass grow; does it grow in swamps, forests, logged-off lands, up lands, lowland, in the cultivated field as a weed, or as a general farm yard grass? Have you anything to indi O. A. C. Agronomy Department Work done by 6 horses (11 months) 10,041 horse hours. Hours work per working day (275 days) 6.085. Total cost, feed and care of 6 horses for 11 months at $21.25 per month, $808.50. Cost per horse hour $0.0804. Campus Department. 45 hours per week per horse (2 horses) 4,680 horse hours. Hours work per working day (300 days) 7.80 hours. Total cost of feed and care 2 horses at $12.25 per horse per month $294.00. Cost per horse hour $0.0628. Janitorial Department The cost in this is practically the same as the above for the Campus De partment, except that it is some cheaper, since the driver takes cares o f his own team. Average o f all horses. Average hours per working day— (9 horses) 6.656; average cost per horse hour— (9 horses) $0.0744. Hired. Work done by hired horses, 3,576 horse hours. Cost of hired team la bor $787.48. Cost of man labor if hired separately $400.80. Actual cost o f horse labor $386.68. Cost per horse hour $0.108. Gain by use o f College horses $0.0236 per hour. (The Press Bulletin should be glad to have farmers report cost o f horse labor per hour.^sE<(.) E X P E R IM E N T S T A T IO N Sheep Cleaning Up the Weeds on an operation over the Southern Pacific lines in the Willamette Valley. The tour war arranged by Professor R. I). Hetzel, director of Extension at O. A, C., and H. Ml. Hinshaw, General Freight Agent of the S. P. lines. The car is in charge o f F. L. Griffin, state leader of industrial club work for girls and boys. It is the purpose o f the demonstra tion to enable producers of fruits and vegetables to utilize their surplus pro ducts by canning for use either for home consumption or for commercial purposes. A few o f the leading types o f home cannehs will be shown with which fruits and vegetables can be converted into by-products within a few minutes time. Steam pressure raises the temperature in a short time to a degree o f heat that is fatal to germs and their more resistant spores, so that when sealed the products will keep for a long time. The cost is shown to be so low that a good profit is made on the work and a supply of home-canned fruits and vegetables and fruit juices can be secured from the home garden and orchard. Demonstrations were given at Cor vallis, Monmouth and Independence on Monday, followed by others at Albany, Jefferson, Turner, Gervais, Salem, Sil- verton, Mt. Angel, Canby and Molalla. On Saturday demonstrations will be held at Canby, Hubbard, Aurora and Woodburn. On Monday the car will be stopped at Macleay and Aumsville, on Tuesday at Lebanon, Wednesday at Coburg and Brownsville, Thursday at Springfield, Springfield Junction, Eugene and Tangent, and on Friday at Junction City and Harrisburg. It is also expected that a demonstration will be given at Halsey, though the date has not been announced by Mr. Hinshaw, who arranged the itinerary. BOTANY HOW TO COLLECT GRASSES FOR THEIR IDENTIFICATION Oregon Agricultural College, Cor vallis, July 12.— The department of Botany and Plant Pathology of the Oregon Agricultural College is al ways pleased to receive and identify Eastern Oregon Wheat Farm. cate that this grass, .is a native or an introduced plaut of recent date? What is the extent o f its distribution and does It grow by underground boot stock or in tufts, or bushes? Do you consider the grass o f any especial economic value? Lastly, be sure to send at least one or two whole stalks including, when possible, the head and root. The writer does not Wish to convey the idea that all o f this infor mation is absolutely necessary for the identification o f all grasses. However, if such information is at hand a more accurate identification will be assured. BULLETIN OF FRUIT BUDS A new bulletin, Station Bulletin 129, has just been issued by the Oregon Agricultural College Experiment Sta tion. I tv is devoted chiefly to the de velopment of the fruit bud of the apple and was prepared, from original investigations, by F. C. Bradford, under the supervision of the head of the Horticultural department, Profes sor C. I. Lewis. A few of the in structive facts noted, either original or credited, are the following: Fruit buds are formed on one- two- and three-year old wood, but there are CLEARING FIELDS OF WEED RESTS Clean Fallow, Row Crops, Iron Sulphate Spray and Sheep (¡razing College Expert Tells Need of Commu nity Effort in Solving Problem More Costly Than all Other Taxes Com bined. [Notice to Editors: Copies of the Press Bulletin containing this valuable story of weed control can be had in any quantity desired for circulation among your patrons facing the weed situation, at 25 cents per hundred, with all matter ready tor circula ting as supplethent with your paper. O r ders in Ju ly Only, (liv e date of issue, and send orders to Press Bulletin, O. A. C-, Corvallis, Oregon.— E d ] By H. D. SGUTOER, Agronomist at O- A. C. There are ipgny fbtms in Eastern Oregon where weeds reduce the yield fully 50 per cent. 1 vThere are some areas in the Columbia .Basin which were formerly farmed which have been entirely abandoned to weeds and are an unbroken m^ss yf them. Tax es that most Eastern Oregon farmers pay tci county, and district each year do rifot begin to equal in amoumt the toll in crop yields and extra labor that these farmers, pay in the \\ay of losses ’ through weed* pesfs. I f the weed situation in this part of the state were normal or in any way held in control, perhaps the matter ^’ould not be so serious. But this is not the case. The area claimed and the losses caused by Eastern Oregon weeds are steadily on the increase and alarming in extent. Efforts not only of the in dividual farmer but o f entire com munities should he enlisted in an or E D U C A T IO N Of something like two thousand teachers’ certificates to be issued by the state school superintendent’s o f fice within the next two weeks it is estimated that at least 90 per cent of them will be to women. It was fur ther pointed out at a recent confer ence on rural problems at the Oregon Agricultural College that many of these applicants for certificates are young girls with very little training for the work of teaching A N IM A L HUSBANDRY . --------:—— —— —— . ; *• **, J — ■— *1— SUMMARY OF WORK DONE BY COLLEGE FARM HORSES Oregon Agricultural College, Cor vallis, July 12.— Cost of horse labor at the Oregon Agricultural College averages $0.0804 cents per hour for the College farm horses and $0.108 per hour for hired horses. For-the campus dray teams, working 9 hours per day, the cost per hour is but $0.628. The average cost o f all horses working for the College is $0.0744. The aver age cost of farm horses in the states of Wisconsin and Kansas is 8 cents when the average working day is five hours throughout the year and 12 cents when the working time is three hours per day for entire year. The following tables prepared by Pro fessor Carl N. Kennedy, specialist in horses for the College, show the de tails of the College figures: A Very Common Sight in Eastern Oregon— Wheat Stubble Grown to a Solid Mass of Tumbling Mustard. some exceptions; both leaf bud and fruit bud grow from undifferentiated crowns, and the first evidence of fruit bud development is the rapid eleva tion o f the crown into a narrow, coni cal form, rounded at the apex and hav ing fibro-vascular connections and pith areas advancing concurrently. In the Newtown variety the earliest differentiation is visible during the first ter. days of June. Many other points of interest to fruit men are found in the bulletin, copies of which may be had by writing to the Oregon Agricultural College, Corvallis. ganized fight against this situation. The very favorable conditions for crops this spring have given the wheat such a heavy growth that teven the weediest fields look very much better than they usually do. This tempor ary condition, however, should not deceive the farmer but only stimulate him to make all the greater effort to lessen the loss from this evil. Can the Weeds be Controlled? Most Eastern Oregon farmers Who have used the proper methods have found it possible to control the weeds and greatly reduce the losses from