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About Estacada progress. (Estacada, Or.) 1908-1916 | View Entire Issue (June 10, 1915)
SUPPLEMENT TO ESTACADA PROGRESS T H U R S D A Y , JUINE IO, 1915 Published weekly by the extension division of the Oregon Agricultural College. R. D. Hetzel, director. Exchange copies and communica tions should be addressed to Editor of Press Bulletins, 116 Agricultural Hall, 0. A. C., Corvallis, Ore. The Press Bulletin aims to keep the state press informed in all mat ters of interest and value related to the work of the Oregon A gricul tural College. Editors are respect fully requested to publish for the benefit o f their readers such items as they think reasonable and suited to local use. E X T E N S IO N HOUSING AC COM M ODATIONS FOR GROW ING C H IC K EN S Oregon Agricultural College, Cor vallis, June 7.— 'the attention given the young stock should not lessen ma terially when it has been placed on the range to mature or nas been taken from the mother hens and placed in large coops. The value of the fowls as profitable producers at a later period will largely depend upon how well the stock has been kept constantly developing up to maturity. The house accommodations for the growing birds are very important, the house shotfld o f course be o f the open front type to insure fresh air and dryness through good ventilation, it is very desirable to have the house large enough and high enough for a man to enter. This will guarantee plenty o f air space and make it much more convenient in cleaning or catch ing the birds. It is also highly de sirable that the house be portable so that it may be moved about. In this way the young fowls can be isolated from the older Btock which is a de sirable plan. The birds can then be moved out on a pasture, stubble held or orchard, and thus have the ad vantage o f clean ground where they will not be so liable to contract disease which might be among the old flock or in the ground occupied by it. Then, too, the young stock is interfered with considerably at feed ing-time and do not have a fair chance if larger fowls are about. I f colony laying houses are used on the farm, these same houses, if port able. can be used for the growing chickens. Or, a good growing colony house could be built 6 x 8 feet in size with an ordinary shed roof and open front. This house could be used later as a laying house to accommodate about 20 hens. ENTOM OLOGY A M O U N T A R SE N IC N EEDED TO K IL L C A T E R P IL L A R S Oregon Agricultural College, Cor vallis, June 7.— How much arsenic is needed to kill tent caterpillars? Evidently not nearly so much as is generally used, if the right kind is applied in the right way. Many thous ands o f caterpillars have been poi soned on sprayed foliage in the ento mological laloratories o f the Oregon Experiment Station in an attempt to answer the question definitely. The result o f having eaten the leaves sprayed with solutions o f varying strength could readily be seen by the ripidity with which the larvae died, but in order to determine the actual amount o f poison consumed Professor Wilson, conducting the experiments, had the bodies o f the larvae analyzed and the recovered arsenic weighed. It is generally known that there are two kinds o f arsenate o f lead in use as an insecticide. These are known to the grower as acid and neutral ar senates of lead and the acid form is considered more or less liable to cause foliage injury both alone and in com bination with other spray materials. Experiments o f previous years dem onstrate that i f properly made either kind may be used without danger of foliage injury i f not used in combina tion with other spray materials. When used in combination the neutral or basic form is preferable. Further ex periments show that these two kinds of arsenate of lead also have different insecticidal values and that the so- called acid or, better, lead hydrogen arsenate is a quicker acting poison than the basic and that less than one- half as much lead hydrogen arsenate is required as with the basic. The experiments also show that where strength o f 2-100 has been recommended 1 to 100 or 200 are quite effective. The value o f this to practical grow ers who ipust contend against the caterpillar pests is in saving cost of spray primarily and in some cases saving foliage from damage by need lessly severe applications o f poison. Whether the same fact is trU3 o f other insects has not been determined but there is possibility that it is the same with some or all o f the pests that call for spraying. T H E T R U E C LO TH ES MOTH A N D T H E B U F F A LO MOTH Oregon Agricultural College, Cor vallis, June 7.— The adult clothes moth is about one-half inch from tip to tip o f extended wings, is a light grayish yellow or buff color, and is usually seen flying about the house during the spring and summer. The larva is a dull white caterpillar, always found in a movable case or jacket that it con structs and carries with it, enlarging the case as it increases in size. Bits o f wool and fur incorporated in the case often gives it the variety o f col ors o f Joseph’s coat. The Buffalo moth is not a moth at all in the adult stage but is a small black beetle o f mottled black, gray and reddish color and is three-six teenths inch in length. The larva is a flattened brown, hairy, active crea ture, about a half inch long. It is probably more o f a carpet pest but will attack all woolens and furs. Heroic measures are necessary in the control o f the beetle when it in fests houses. House-cleaning must be undertaken seriously. All rugs, carpets and woolens should be thoroughly brushed and aired in the sunshine. Floors should be well scrubbed and all cracks and crevices sprayed with benzine and then filled with a crack-filler. Very serious in festations call for fumigation, which should ordinarily be donq. by some one acquainted with the work. Gar ments may be stored as recommended in last week’s bulletin for protection from clothes moth.— A. L. Lovett, Assistant Entomologist, Oregon E x periment Station. A GRONOMY F L A X CROP FOR FIB E R AS GROW N IN OREGON Oregon Agricultural College, Cor vallis, June 7.— Flax in Oregon is grown fo r two purposes, fiber and seed. For a long time there has been considerable agitation toward getting a flax fiber industry started in W est ern Oregon. Various business men and women's clubs have tried to fos ter this industry and at one time some vears ago a flax mill was established in Salem. It burned down very shortly after beginning and the industry has never been revived until in recent time. The legislature which met in 1915 appropriated a considerable sum f money for the installation o f a flax mill in the Oregon pen'tentiary. In a number of ways this was a very happy choice in that it will give a consider able amount o f hand labor for the in mates o f that institution and also it does not in any way conflict with or ganized labor or established industry in the state. Further than this, for those who are close enough to Salem that penitentiary labor may be used, it will be a very desirable thing be cause the labor will be cheap. Cheap labor is the primary requisite in con nection with the production o f flax fo r fiber purposes. When the crop reaches maturity it is pulled by hand and tied into small bundles which are later moistened by dew or by being put in a pond or slow- moving stream and put through what is known as the “ retting” process. This process is a bacterial action in which the fiber is loosened from the woody part o f the plant. A fte r it is thoroughly retted, it is then put through a breaking mill and later a scutching machine which removes this coarse material and leaves the fiber. The tyne suited to flax production is a long, slender, plant having very few branches. It is ready for harvest for flax purposes shortly after it has ♦ assed the full-bloom stage. Broad casting is necessary in order that ♦here be a uniform size and weight of plant. A N IM A L HUSBANDRY C A R E OF M AR E S IN F O A L “ There is a lot o f nonsense about the care of a mare in foal,” say the Animal Husbandry officers o f the Ore gon Agricultural College. “ A fte r she is bred she should be kept rather quiet for several hours, but after that the best thing she can have is steady work and three good meals a day. She should not be worked so hard as to become run down on good feed. I f there is any slackening o f work it should be about the fifth or sixth month. During the last three months she can do a lot o f farm work, such as plowing and harrowing, without in jury clear up to the time she drops her foal. She will then be in good condition to stand the physical strain and have her digestive system in good working order.” POULTRY BIG A D D IT IO N A L R E V E N U E FROM B E TTE R EGG Y IE L D Oregon Agricultural College, Cor vallis, June 7.— “ There is no telling what may be accomplished by poultry breeding in the way o f increased pro duction o f eggs,” says Professor James Dryden, head o f the Poultrv 'e^artment o f the Oregon Agricul tural College. “ When it is known that the average o f the State o f Ore gon and o f the United States as a whole is about 80 eggs per hen in a year and that it is posible to secure an average o f 200 eggs a year, the great possibilities w ill be at once rc-ognized. As it is, the production o f eggs alone in the State o f Oregon amounts to over $5,000,000 a year and o f eggs and poultry over $8,000,000. An increase o f a dozen eggs a year per hen in this state would mean about $1.000.000 aded revenue in the year and at the some time a much higher percentage o f profit to the producer. Taking the whole country over the increased production would soon pay the cost o f the Panama canal. “ There Is no section of the United States better adapted to profitable poultry production than localities in Oregon. Men and women equipped with the requisite knowledge and in dustry need not hesitate to embark ih the business here. The only danger is that people rush into the business who know nothing about its many de tails. HOME E C O N O M IC S HOW TO H AN G HOME PIC TU R E S Pictures should always be selected with regard to the room for which they are intended, taking into consid eration the use of the room, its size, the relative spacings o f the wall, and the wall coverings. I f the room to be furnished is a dining room, then one may use for it marine scenes, land scapes, still-life, but almost never are the so-called “ dining-room” pictures o f fruits and fowls either beautiful or appropriate. Family portraits or por traits o f famous men are also out of place in the dining room. They may be displayed to advantage in the li brary; or i f the house be too small to include a room given over to this purpose, the portraits o f famous men might be grouped in the living room and the fam ily portraits hung in the bedrooms o f the members o f the fam ily. The widest range o f choice lies in the selection o f pictures for the liv ing room. Here one may use almost any subject; scenes, still-life, or copies of any o f the old masterpieces are al ways in good taste. CO LLEGE NEW S O. A. C. L O A N F U N D GROWS BUT SHOULD BE DOUBLED Oregon Agricultural College, Cor vallis, June 7.— The Oregon Agricul tural College has developed a loan fund o f $4.145, to be loaned in small amounts at long time and reasonable interest to students who have to bor row a little money or give up their education until they earn money. To May 1, 1915, 178 loans had been made by the committee in charge o f the fund. “ But until our loan fund reach es a minimum o f $10,000 we cannot hope adequately to meet demands made upon it by deserving students,” says the committee report. The fund was made up o f subscrip tions by friends o f the school in d if ferent parts o f the state, by student body associations and by faculty con tributions. A minstrel show given by faculty men recently netted $247.07 for the fund and the base ball games with the U. o f O., $48.40. FACULTY Y. W. C. A. S E C R E T A R Y CHOSEN Miss Lillian Francis, o f Chicago, has been employed as Instructor in Domestic Science and Secretary o f the Young Women's Christian Association o f the Oregon Agricultural College. Miss Francis is a graduate o f the Uni versity o f Chicago with the Bachelor o f Science degree, and has taken grad uate work in the same institution. Her major subjects were in home econom ics and sociology. A number of courses were taken in the Divinity School under Dr. Schailer Matthews and Dr. Willett. She was graduated with honors, and has since traveled extensively. For three years she has been in charge o f the home economics work in the Mary Crayne Nursery, which is a sub-division o f Hull House. She has always taken a very deep in terest in Christian Asociation work.