crzw6 of bread
prolongs the war
STIRS' HATRED IN
German Misrule on Conquered
Provinces Fosters Pro
French Spirit.
DRASTIC MEASURES ADOPTED
Newspapers Held to Most Severe Cods
of Laws Cartoonists Arouse Fury
of Berlin Officials and Are
Thrown Into Prison.
Washington. Observers are study
ing with Increased Interest the politi
cal history of Alsace-Lorraine. The
course of this Rolchlnnd's history Is
recognized ns one of the most signifi
cant In the story of the world. Through
a multitude of other causes of the hol
ocaust In Europe, the case of Alsace
Lorraine presents itself with a grow
ing significance. It is here that Prus
slu Initiated her grand mistake and,
through the forcible cession of this
state, engineered the hatreds and
"Welt-Polltlk" for which she is pay
ing now with all that humankind hold
most dear and precious.
In 1872, when the German confeder
ation was formed, this booty land was
considered as a prize of the confeder
ation as a whole, with the regulative
powers vested in the king of Prussia.
The state was permitted to send dele
gates to the relchstag, but could not
bo represented In the bundesrat, the
real power In governmental Germany.
With the usual aslnlnlty of German
officialdom, tho assimilation of the peo
ple "was hurried, and hurried by
most unwise and Impossible meas
ures. Tho idea seems to have been
. thut nn assimilation could take plnce
tn one, or, at the most, two genera
tions, and that It could be effected
while the people paid Prussian taxes
and were not granted representation
In tho laying of said taxes. As a
necessary vent to human nature, the
result was the failure of Prussian po
lice methods all during the first thirty
years of tho occupation. What hap
pened lifter that in Mot, Colmer,
Strassliourg and Mulhouso we shall
see.
Prussian Misrule.
The year liMO marks tho new pe
Hod of Prussian misrule. Tho use of
jl''ronch was stringently forbidden on
tombstones, la courts of Justice, in tho
Schools nnd In public gatherings. In
flood, severe punishment has been
noted out for tho use of the French
language In certain private and seml
Vrlvnto gatherings.
Gorman Immigrants shipped Into the
Rclchsland bred children, only to have
them take sides with tho Indigenous
population in their clamor for annexa
tion to Germany on an equal basis
with tho other German states. This
latter point, contrary to general belief,
was nelunlly just what the Alsatians
agitated for. French culture and
Ideals began to have their effect when
all Importunities nnd pleadings for a
relaxation of Prussian oppressive
methods and a representation In the
government failed.
Prussian rule remained Inflexible.
Guarantees and alterations were
promised ami seemingly complied with,
only to have tho people discover, when
the smoke of Prussian bland duplicity
cleared away, that they were bound
more helplessly than ever.
In the spring of 1P12 the Prussians
further showed their disapproval of
tho agitation engendered by attempt
ing to ruin the Alsatian factories at
Orafenstnden, near Strnssbourg, by
withdrawing , all orders for locomo
tives for tho Prussian railways.
In tho month of May, In this same
year, tho popular Indignation, already
Inflamed, wus fanned to fever heat by
(he remarks of the jorman emperor
to the mayor of Strasbourg, during an
Imperial visit to tho city. He Is re
ported to have said :
"Listen. I'p to hero you have only
known tho good side of inc. Things
cannot continue as they are. If this
situation lasts, t will suppress your
constitution' and annex you to Prus
sia." Alsatlnn newspapers were held to
narrow course by a most severe code
of laws, but suspensions were taking
flace every day. To be profitable,
Journal could do naught else but tup
()
ALSACE-LORRAINE
port the Berlin policies. A school of
cartoonists came to the fore, and, by
a series of caustic and meaning car
toons, indicted Berlin till the ofllcials
In their fury, began placing prison
sentences Indiscriminately among car
toonists nnd Journalists.
And so, France, who had represent
ed to the heroes of 1793 the beau-ldeul
of democracy, came gradually to the
fore as the Influence In Alsace-Lorraine.
Her culture, her Ideals and her
citizenship became valued dreams of
loyal Alsatians. But far off dreams
they seemed; and the Alsatians, In
their growing love for the republic,
could not harbor the thought that
France'should suffer the throes of a
war with remorseless Prussia for their
sake. But the war was coming, and
to Alsatians It menus ns all observers
agree, n reunion with France.
But, queer enough, the world be
gins to see that the treaty of Frank
fort was the germ of the present holo
caust, and that It leads to the utter
destruction of Prussian autocracy nnd
world autocracy that Alsace-Lorraine
had been picked to bear the cross to
suffer that the world might be re
lieved from the burden on the should
ers of all humans, from Herod down
to Wllhelm.
been drifting around of a man
j A seen knitting Industriously. In
I ! Pullman smoking compartments.
A nn Atlantic City hotel verandas,
y or the Chicago banker. j
A Bemnn knits and knits the !!
while ho discusses oil nnd eloc- !
or Charley won't mind another
J hole In this sweater. If I can
!i keep out or arguments on tho
V state of tho union I reckon I
to knit." Boutin said, "and thu
V Is certainly the time for all good
!j! knitters to come to the aid of
V their country."
V
UNWASHED REIGN IN PARIS
Hot Bsths Luxury Cleanliness Is
Uncommon In the French
Capital.
Paris. Parlslnns were never prone
to Indulge In hot baths Indeed, the
criticism or nrst visitors to Pnrls w
often most loudly voiced In connect!
with the primitive facilities found
Paris apartments and many hotels.
Yet they were, as a rule, always clean
and neat and took pride In their per
sonal appearance.
Whether It Is due to the war direct
Ing their thoughts to hliihor thlnn m
to the municipal edict that decrees
water shall be heated onlv RMunUva
and Sundays, the fact remains that the
ransian touay is rstner contemptuous
or tne oia aaage that "Cleanliness
next to godliness,"
Is
This Is particularly notleenhtu in
i the
subway, where alt classes of the city's
population can be observed. Th ft Ml
portion of unkempt, dusty, unwashed
persons wun oouDtruily clean ears and
black-rimmed fingernails Is very large.
: BROTHERS KNIT FOR
BROTHER IN FRANCE 8
J Columbus. 0. Lieut. Col. j
J Chnrios Gates Dawes, the Clil-
,J cago banker who Is serving with !
y the United States engineers
somewhere In France, Is going X
JJ to have a sweater and also a V
, scarf provided his brothers do
y not drop to mnny stitches. $
A For several weeks tales hnve !!
In taxlcabs, etc. In n train go- y
J Ing out of Columbus one night
!! recently he wns Identified ns ft
y former Congressman Bemnn
J trie railways. In which ho is In- A
!! forested, with his follow passen-
gers tn the smoking compart-
A ment. V
y "Pnrn It, there I've dropped
A another stitch," Bemun ex- !!
y claimed, as he pointed an nrgu- ;
A ment on oil prices. "Well, broth- A
A ought to finish my knitting tn
y about nine months."
A Bemnn olsn contributed tho !!
y Information that ltnfus Dnwes ''
J of Chicago Is knitting n scarf for ?!
I brother Charley. ;
J "Mother taught all of us bovs !
GROW FAT ON WAR BREAD
Men, Women and Children Seen on
Streets Seem to Be Better Nour
ished Than Ever.
London. The English appear to be
growing fat on war bread. An English
newspaper publishes the following :
"Although I hate it," writes a cor
respondent In Surrey, "war bread
seems to fatten me, and my weight has
Increased by several pounds. Yet I am
eating not much more than half the
bread I used to eat before the war, and
also less of other foods.
A doctor explained that this may be
quite true., "Anyone who keeps his
eyes open In the streets will notice
that men, women and children are
clearly better nourished than ever. No
doubt," he said, "there is a good deal
of Indigestion from bad bread, but
even people who digest it badly, and
dislike It, too, grow fatter and phys
ically stronger. This Is especially no
ticeable In spare men of middle age.
Possibly the explanation is that we
were eatlpg more bread before than we
could digest. PerhuDS. too. the mix
ture of grains In bread Is proving more
nourishing than the pure wheaten loaf;
the stomach likes variety, and the
people who do the best intellectual
work are those who feed on all avail
able foodstuffs.
400-YEAR-OLD CLOCK STOPS
Famous Timepiece In Hampton Court
Palace, London, Last Repaired
in 1880.
London. The celebrated clock of
Hampton court palace that was pro
vided with a dial to give astronomical
changes but never did so, has stopped
once more. It Is believed to have been
constructed by a German way back
In 1540, but ns a matter of fact his
tory falls to record the name of Its
maker.
The celebrated clockmaker Vulllamy
reconstructed it In 1799, but he gave
up the astronomical dial portion on the
ground that It never could have work
ed with the machinery provided, rele
gating that portion of the works to the
store cupboard.
A Croydon firm of clockmnkers set
the whole thing going again in 1880,
nnd It baa run satisfactorily until now.
Workmen nre busy getting up the scat
folding necessary to reach the dial,
and after a thorough cleaning and cer-
tain repairs to the dial it Is expected
to run for another quarter of a cen-
fury with little attentions from time
to time.
BEAT HIGH FOOD PRICES
Ad Club at Portland, Ore., Is Conduct
ing Fresh Fish Market, Sell
ing at Cost.
Portland, Ore. Cutting the high cost
of living in a practical manner Is the
tnsk essayed by the Portland Ad club,
which Is conducting a fresh fish mar
ket here and selling sea food at cost
So popular Is the market that the first
day it opened three tons of fish were
sold.
Sable fish, groupers, ling, cod and
smelt are sold for five to seven cents
a pound, while other fish markets ore
asking twelve to twenty cents for the
same kinds of fish.
On the opening day a crowd of worn
en, with market baskets, stood before
the doors waiting for the first fish to
be plnced on sale. From that time
nn sales continued brisk, and the Ad
club, co-operating with the city admin
istration, has under way a plan for a
permanent fish market where all kinds
nf sea food will be sold at actual cost.
The Ad club points out that If
people eat flsh the fishing Industry will
he promoted and other foods capable
of being shipped long distances will
be released to help win the war.
GROWS NEW "WOOL COTTON"
Product Is Easy to Pick and Immune
From the Dreaded Boll
Weevils.
Woycrosse, Ga. The first "wool cot
ton" ever seen In Waycross was shown
here by Roan Mooks of Nichols. This
cotton was grown by Dnve Anderson
.on his farm near Nichols and has at'
tracted a great deal of attention.
The cotton grows tn from three to
four locks to the boll nnd these locks
measure about five or six Inches In
length. Expert cotton growers claim
that one man can pick from 700 to
1.000 pounds per day of this variety,
The plant Is very similar In appear
ance to the long staple and grows to
ho from five to six feet high the
fiber of the cotton, however, Is short
and looks very much like wool, hence
Its name.
It Is claimed for this variety of cot
ton that It Is practically Immune from
the boll weevil and In support of this
It Is claimed that not any trace of the
boll weevil has been found In the small
field of this variety grown by Mr. And'
erson, while In the nearby fields of the
regular variety the weevils were nu
merous.
Flvs Sons In Army.
Pittsburgh. Testimony before the
State Workmen's Compensation board
brought out the fact that Mrs. Cather
ine Conlln, a widow, of Homestead,
has five sons In the new National
army. Two other sons are under the
draft age.
l)ar Ended In Boy's Death.
Scranton, Pa. While playing around
railroad tracks, George Alexander,
aged 12 years, was dared by playmates
to climb a pole and touch an electric
wire. On reaching the top he grasped
a wire carrying 2.000 volts and his
dead body fell to the ground.
WORLD HAPPENINGS
II
OF CURRENT WEEK
Brief Resume Most Important
Daily News Items.
COMPILED FOR YOU
Events of Noted People, Governments
and Pacific Northwest and Other
Things Worth Knowing.
A tornado swept over the southern
section of Baltimore Tuesday night,
wrecking about a dozen dwellings and
rendering others more or less uninhab
itable. The Zeitung Mittag, of Berlin, says
the German chancellorship has been
offered to the Bavarian premier, Count
von Hertling, who has asked for time
to consider the matter.
American batteries are continuing to
shell German lines at regular inter
vals, the enemy following similar tac
tics. No further official communique
has been issued, but there has been no
special activity.
Russian soldiers who fraternalized
with Germans were fired on by Rus
sian artillery Wednesday, says the
official communication. On all fronts
the situation is unchanged, the an
nouncement says.
King Alfonso held conferences with
various political leaders, but the solu
tion of the cabinet crisis promises to
consume several days. It is not ex
pected the new cabinet will be an
nounced immediately.
The first German prisoner of war
taken by the American expeditionary
force died Wednesday in an American
field hospital. He was shot when he
encountered an American patrol in No
Man's Land in front of the American
trenches.
Count von Luckner, commander of
the German raider Seeadler, was cap
tured September 21 off the Fijian
Islands by Fijian constabulary, accord
ing to word brought by a steamer ar
riving at a Pacific Port Wednesday
from a trans-Pacific port.
The new restrictions on the fur
loughs for German soldiers, necessi
tated by the growing problem of trans
portation, cut down by one-half the
number for men in the field and elim
nated furloughs for troops garrisoning
the occupied regions except for urgent
personal reasons or when leave is
granted for pressing farm work.
Telegraphing from Petrograd, the
correspondent of the London Exchange
telegraph quotes General Verkhovski,
minister of war, as rebuking "those
who have talked of the disappearance
or the Kussian army." The war nun
ister declared these persons had for
gotten that the Russians hold on their
front no less than 130 German divis
ions.
Profiteering by retail dealers in
foodstuffs will be made impossible
after November 1, the food adminis
tration announced Wednesday, under a
plan to cut off supplies to those not
satisfied with reasonable margins.
Manufacturers, wholesalers and other
handlers of foods, whose business will
go under license, will not be permtted
to sell to distributors who seek undue
profits.
Andrew Bonar Law, Chancellor of
the Exchequer, in the house of com
mons Wednesday informed a ques
tioner . that the approaching inter
allied conference at Paris had been
summoned not to consider war aims,
but the conduct of the war. The ques
tion arose out of a report that the
Russian Workmen's and Soldiers' dele
gates were sending a representative to
the conference to discuss war aims.
The law making the National capital
dry November I was held constitu
tional in the local Supreme court
Thursday. The ruling dismissed attacks
of liquor dealers,
Richard McColloch, president of the
United Railways company of St. Louis,
denied the request of the local Red
Cross that soldiers and sailors be al
lowed to ride free on streetcars.
Co-operation of Pacific Coast candy
manufacturers with the food adminis
tration's sugar conservation was
pledged in a telegram received by the
food administration from W. B. Ayer,
Federal food administrator for Oregon.
President Menocal, of Cuba, issued
a proclamation Thursday night warn
ing all foreigners who instigate or en
courage strikes in the sugar-producing
region that they will be considered
pernicious foreigners and expelled
from Cuba.
The Danish foreign office reports
that the Danish steamer Anglo-Dane,
808 tons, and Flynderbourg, 1400 tons,
bound from England tot Denmark,
have been blown up by mine in the
North Sea. One man on board the
Anglo-Dane was killed.
The Seattle committee of the United
States food administration- voted to
send a telegram to H. C. Hoover, na
tional food administrator, calling the
latter' attention to threatened scar
city of hog in the Northwest, due, the
committee said, to the high cost of
feed.
SHIPS, WHEAT, HOGS
Food Controller Says Fight Against
Submarine Will Be Won if U. S.
Speeds Up on Production.
"W ashington, D. C. In a statement
Saturday night reviewing the world
food situation Food Administrator
Hoover said the fight against the Bub
marine would be won ' if the United
States and Canada could stimulate
production and effect economies so asj
to teed tne allies trom tms continent
without Eending a ship farther afield
than the American Atlantic seaboard.
Ships, wheat and hogs are the great
needs Mr. Hoover emphasized. He
said deepest concern had been caused
by the fact that in spite of high prices
this country's pork consumption had in
creased during the war until produc
tion had been outstripped, a situation
that must be changed.
"If we discontinue exports," Mr.
Hoover added, "we will move the Ger
man line from France to the Atlantic
seaboard. Pork products have an in
fluence in this world situation wider
than one would attribute to them. The
human body must have a certain
amount of fats ; we must increase pro
duction of hogs if we are to answer
the world s craving.
"Every pound ' of fat is as sure of
service as every bullet, and every hog
iB of greater value to the winning of
this great war than a shell.
The administrator said the allies'
deficiency of wheat production is 196,
000,000 bushels, with imports of 677,
700,000 bushels required to maintain
normal consumption. He estimated
the aggregate American, Canadian,
Australian, Indian and Argentine ex
port surplus at 770,000,000 bushels,
but pointed out lack of shipping made
it necessary for this country and Can
ada to bear the burden of the allies1
deficit
"The problem is simply one. of
ships," he said. "If ample shipping
existed there would be no need for
saving or increased production of
wheat on the part of the American
people. But if we can produce such
economies and stimulate production in
the United States and Canada as will
enable us to feed the allies absolutely
from this continent and thus enable
them to live without sending a ship
farther afield than our Atlantic sea
board, we can resist the submarine in
definitely."
300,000 SHIP MEN SOUGHT
This Number Needed by Government te
Complete New Craft.
Washington, D. C. An organized
effort has been launched by the Ship
ping Board to draw sufficient labor to
shipyards of the country to place all
plants on a three-shifts-a-day basis to
carry out the government s shipping
program.
Estimating that there are now ap
proximately 100,000 or more employes
in yards engaged on government work,
the board believes 400,000 men are
needed to insure at least between five
and six millions of additional tonnage
off the ways by the end of 1918.
The board has shipyards and mater
ial, but so far lacks adequate labor. It
hopes to fill that deficiency by holding
out allurements that will attract labor
that ordinarily would not drift to the
yards. Schools for training men al
ready are in operation.
In the efficeincy table formulated by
the board it is estimated that each
man should turn out an average of one
dead-weight ton of shipping per
month, which should insure the carry-
ing out of the shipping program with
the additional 800,000 employes.
Several shipyards already are work
ing three eight-hour shifts.
Bread Prices to be Fixed.
Washington, D. C Bread standard
ization will soon be announced by the
food administration, resulting from in
vestigation of ingredients' costs, labor
and other factors by Benjamin Jacobs
of the department of Agriculture s bu
reau of chemistry. A standard loaf at
a fixed price, with bakers all licensed
is the plan. A proclamation by the
President for the licensing will be re
quired. The system will not be com
pleted by November 1, when the li
censing feature of the food law will
be extended to some industries.
Champ Clark "Called."
New York An assertion by Champ
Clark, Speaker of the House of Repre
sentatives, that a "ring" of New York
financiers was hampering the govern
ment in Its liberty loan campaign met
with vigorous denial in financial circles
here Friday.
Speaker Clark's charge was made
during an address Wednesday at Okla
homa City. Telegrams have been sent
the Speaker asking if he was correctly
quoted.
Food Pledge Arouse Ire.
Waterloo, la. Because she refused
to sign a food pledge card and st'.d
that she had a shotgun to protect her
supplies in event the government want
ed any of them, Mrs. August Borger,
Cedar Falls, was jailed by the order of
United State Commissioner Dempster.
She was released when her husband ap
peared on the seen and bought 12000
worth of Liberty bonds.
Emperor William has returned to
Berlin from visits to Constantinople
and bona and Is now engaged in an at
tempt to straighten out the muddled
political situation in Germany. It is
stated that Chancellor Michael is al
ready has tendered his resignation to
the emperor.
U.S.TROOPS ENTER
FRENCH TRENCHES
Americans Welcomed by French
With Great Enthusiasm.
FIRST SHELL IS FIRED
Sector is One of Quietest Along Front
Where Final Training in Actual
Warfare Will be Received.
With the American Army in France
American troops are in the first-line
trenches on the French front. The ar
tillery fired the first shot of the war at
6 o'clock on the morning of a recent
day at a German working party.
There has been intermittent artillery
fighting since.
A helmeted infantry marched in
without the knowledge of the enemy
on the same night through rain and
mud. The French soldiers in the
trenches welcomed them enthusiasti
cally. The nearest enemy trench is
several hundred yards away. The sec
tor is one of the quietest on the front.
It has not been taken over, being un
der the control of troops under the di
rection of the French.
The Americans have shelled German
positions and troops, the enemy send
ing shell for shell. The first shell
case will be sent to President Wilson.
The case is now in the possession of
General Sibert. The shot was fired by
a red-haired gunner as his comrades in
the ranks and the assembled officers
cheered. Later a luncheon in the field
was attempted by American and
French artillerists in celebration of
the first Ameircan contact with the
enemy.
The gun used in firing the first shot
was one of the famous French 75s. On
the second day the French shelled a
German battery position, which was
located by sound, and the enemy re
plied vigorously, projectiles falling
close to the Americans who joined in
the artillery duels.
All the troops will be relieved after
a certain period by others. Thus the
American expeditionary forces are
getting the benefit of actual war con
ditions. 100,000 ITALIANS ARE TAKEN
Austro-Germans Pierce Northern Italy
and Play Great Havoc
Berlin, via London The capture of
100,000 Italians and more than 700
guns is reported in the official com
munication from general headquarters
Sunday night, which declares that the
Italian second and third armies are in
retreat. The statement reads :
"The Italian second and third armies
are in retreat towards the west. Our
pursuit is advancing rapidly from the
mountains as far as the sea. Up to
the present 100,000 prisoners and 700
guns have been enumerated."
Berlin, via London The Austrians
and Germans have forced their way
through the mountains to the plains of
Northern Italy, capturing the town of
Cividale, the War office announces.
Amsterdam The occupation of Go
rizia Sunday morning by Austro-Ger-man
forces iB announced in an official
dispatch from Vienna. The Italians
are said to have retired across the
Isonzo.
Rome Units of the Italian second
army surrendered or retreated without
fighting, permitting the Austro-Ger-man
forces to break the Italian left
wing on the Julian front and invade
Italy, says Sunday's official report.
The Italians now are retreating In
accordance with the plan prepared.
Packing Plants Taken.
Chicago Official announcement is
made that every packing plant in the
country is under control of the govern
ment and that after November 1 the
control will be absolute, operations of
the plants then being under license.
The announcement was coincident with
the grand jury drive against high
priced milk and was made by Joseph
P. Cotton, chief of the meat division
of the food administration, and by a
personal representative of Food Ad
ministrator Hoover after weeks of in
vestigation of Chicago packing plants.
Italy Needs Medicine.
San Diego, Cal. An appropriation
of $3,000,000 for the immediate relief
of the paucity of drugs, medicines and
medical supplies vitally needed in Italy
was authorized by telegraph by Henry
P. Davidson, chairman of the Ameri
can National Red Cross, according to a
statement at a Union church obser
vance of national prayer day. An ad
ditional appropriation also will be au
thored to establsih an American am
bulance on the Italian front.
Naval Battle is Brief.
London A German torpedoboat de
stroyer was hit twice by shells from
British and French destroyer during;
an engagement Saturday afternoon be
tween six entente allied and three Ger
man vessels and 17 German airplane
off the Belgian coast, according to an
admiralty statement issued Sunday.
The three Germans wrre forced to
seek safety under the land batteries.