WORLD
HAPPENINGS
I
Brief Resume Most Important
Daily News Items.
COMPILED FOR YOU
Erenti of Noted People, Government
and Pacific Northwest and Other
Things Worth Knowing.
An embargo has been proclaimed on
Chinese as well as Siamese credits in
German banks, according to a dispatch
from Berlin.
Count von Bernstorff, the former
German ambassador to the United
States, has been appointed, according
to the Berlin Vossische Zeitung, to the
post at Constantinople.
An Amsterdam dispatch to Reuter's
Limited, London, states that Berlin
newspapers announced the seizure of
all property in Germany belonging to
the government of Siam or to its citi
zens.
Mobilization of the second increment
of draft troops was changed Tuesday
from September 15 to 19, and the
third increment from September 30 to
October 3. Mobilization of the first
increment will be as previously an
nounced September 5.
Sheriff James N. Taylor, a member
of the Logan county, Kentucky, ex
emption board, and J. W. Edward,
county judge, were arrested by a dep
" uty United States marshal on the
charge of conspiring to violate provis
ions of the selective draft law.
Burma beans, found on analysis by
the state laboratory at Bozeman.
Mont., to contain strychnine, were or
dered destroyed by the state board of
health. Ions of them had been ship
ped into this state and sold to innocent
dealers. German agencies are BUS'
pected.
In prinipcle the British government
is of the opinion, Lord Robert Cecil,
minister of blockade, told the house
committee Tuesday, that neutral ship-
ping which has been persistently
assisting ureac Britain s enemies
should be treated after the war on the
same footing as enemy shipping,
It costs the United States just
$156. SO to equip an infantryman for
service In France. Figures just made
public show that of this total, clothing
represents $101.21; fighting equip
ment $47.36, and eating utensils $7.73.
The soldier's gas musk costs $12; his
steel helmet $3 and his rifle $19.50.
Hog prices, which have risen every
day Bince July 21, reached a new high
record in Chicago Tuesday when they
soared to $19.75 per 100 pounds. In
August, 1914, hogs sold for $8.90. The
top price during August, 1915, was
$7.85; during August, 1916, it was
$11.50. On AugUBt 1, 1917, the price
was S1U.3U.
Warning against exploiters of wo
man labor was sent from Washington
D. C, to its state and local branches
Saturday by the National American
Woman Suffrage association. A cir-
cular letter urges every woman who
does a man's work to demand a man's
pay, "as a matter both of justice to
herself and duty to her fellow work
ers."
A dispatch to the London Daily Mail
from Vevey, Switzerland, says the
barns of the Zeppelin works at Fried-
richshaven are being used for the
buildintf of a new type of airship from
which much is expected. The body of
the machine is serpentine in form and
from both Bides of it smoke clouds can
be thrown out which will entirely con
ceal the machine.
Buckwheat cakes will be plentiful
this winter, according to predictions
made by state officials of Pennsylvania.
That state has led the nation in buck
wheat production for years and this
season there was an increase of 15 per
cent in acreage. Consequently, it is
stated that last year's crop of 4,250,
000 bushels may be increased to 6,200,
000 bushels in 1917.
The National Guard division to go to
France, representing 26 states and the
District of Columbia, will be mobilized
at Mineola, L. I., at a camp named
Albert L. Mills, after the late Briga
dier Goneral Mills. The Oregon troops
are included in this division.
Following a thwarted attempt to
rob the McCloud State bank Thursday,
one of two robbers killed his compan
ion as they were making their escape,
because the latter could run no longer,
having been shot in the heel by a
member of the pursuing posse.
The insistent demand from abroad
for silver from the United State gov
ernment for coinage and for domestic
purposes was reflected Thursday in
New York in a record jump in the
price.
There is only enough wool being pro
duced in the United States to provide
every man in the country with a bath
ing suit annually, according to statis
tics discussed at the National Sheep
and Wool bureau conference In Chi
cago, The bureau voted to put its
services at the command of Herbert C,
Hoover, food administrator.
WEEK
GERMANS SURRENDER
5000 Unwounded Teutons Captured by
French at Verdun Berlin Claims
Evacuation as Planned.
Paris A smashing French victory
on the Verdun front is recorded in the
official report issued by the War office
Tuesday night. The French have cap
tured the enemy defenses on both sides
of the Meuse over a front of more than
11 miles, penetrating the German line
at divers points to a depth of a mile
and a quarter.
More than 5000 unwounded German
prisoners have been taken.
Berlin Tuesday's official report con
tains the following:
"The French occupied without fight
ing Talou ridge, eaBt of the Meuse,
which since March of this year had
been given up as a line of defense and
had been occupied only by outposts,
These were withdrawn Tuesday, in ac-
cordance with our plans and without
disturbance from the enemy. At all
other places on the wide front fighting
ia in full swing."
The German official communication
issued Tuesday evening follows:
ine Dattie Detore Verdun is going
in our favor. On the western bank of
the Meuse the enemy only succeeded in
penetrating our defensive zone at the
Avocourt wood and on Le Mort Hom
me. Elsewhere his assaults were re
pulsed.
' Hj&st ol the Meuse the enemy was
either completely repulsed before our
fighting positions or driven back in
counter attacks. French losses were
exceedingly heavy."
British Front in France and Bel
gium British tankB scored another
triumph in the capture of important
German positions Monday morning in
the neighborhood of the Ypres-Poelca-pelle
road, north of St. Julien.
It was a tank show almost from
start to finish, and the infantry in this
case played the part of supernumera
ries in Bupport of the leading actors,
while large numbers of the enemy
troops added a final melodramatic touch
by surrendering abjectly or fleeing in
terror as the heavy leads lumbered on
to the Btage and "reached for their
shooting irons."
As recorded in the official communi-
cation, the British captured German
defenses along a mile front to a depth
of 500 yards. Among the strongholds
occupied were the famous triangle,
Hibau and Cockcroft farms, the sites
of ecxeedingly strong concrete and
steel machine gun redoubts, that men
aced the infantry advance.
I. W. W. STRIKE FALLS FLAT
General Tie-Up of Northwest Indus-
tries Frustrated by U. S.
The general Btrike of the Industral
Workers of the World called for Mon
day of this week, failed to materalize
according to reports from various sec
tions of the Northwest.
Reports that 80 I. W. W. had gone
on strike at St. John, Wash., is denied
at Colfax, the county seat of Whitman
county.
It developed at Spokane that James
Rowan, district secretary of the I. W.
W., who signed the Btrike order which
demanded the release of men being
held in jails in Washington, Idaho,
Oregon and Montana, may be court-
martialed instead of being tried in
court.
The federal government took steps
to check any threatened trouble by
placing troops at Lewiston, Idaho, and
at Wallace. Troops at Lewiston will
protect the orchards and harvest fields
and the soldiers at Wallace were
placed near the big lead mines.
At St. Maries, Idaho, 11 members of
the order are in jail and none of the
250 men employed in the lumber mills
there quit work. At Sandpoint, more
than 500 men continued work in the
lumber mills. Harvesting continued
aa usual in the Eastern Washington
harvest fields, according to reports.
So far as civil and military authori
ties of Oregon could learn not a single
man obeyed the strike order. Of course
a large number of defections were re
ported by employers everywhere, but
the number was no greater than has
been usual on any day for the last few
months since the abnormal demand
for labor has prevailed.
80,000 Made Homeless.
Saloniki Yhe commercial quarter
of this city has been destroyed by fire.
It is believed the number of fatalities
is small.
London More than half of the
walled city of Saloniki, in Greek Mace
donia, which is under occupation by
the entente allied troops, was de
stroyed by fire Saturday. Eighty
thousand persons who were rendered
homeless are being removed to neigh
boring villages, according to a dispatch
received in London.
British Admiral Arrives.
An Atlantic Port Rear Admiral
Hugh T. Hibbert, of the British navy,
arrived here Monday on a special mis
sion for the British admiralty. As to
the effectiveness of submarine war
fare, he said that while the situation
called for unrelaxed vigilance and was
undoubtedly serious, he did not believe
it would be effectual. He believes the
Germans are holding back their navy
as a last resort and that they will not
end the war without a great battle.
PRESIDENT
FIXES
OF
Dealers and Middlemen To Be
Regulated Next.
MINE COST IS BASIS
Washington State is Highest, Having
Base Rate of $3.25 Per Ton-U.
S. Divided Into 29'Districts.
Washington, D. C Bituminous coal
prices were fixed by President Wilson
Tuesday night for every mine in the
United States. The next step in coal
control, a White House announcement
said, will be to fix the prices to be
charged by middlemen and retailers.
Prices were set on cost of produc
tion estimates furnished by the Fed
eral Trade commission after months of
exhaustive investigation. The coun
try is divided into 29 districts, and
every producer in a district will mar
ket his output at the same price.
The President named no agency to
carry out the provisions of his order,
but is expected to appoint soon a coal
administrator, who will be given en
tire control of the coal industry. Ru
mor here has named President H. A.
Garfield, of Williams college, as the
man. Mr. Garfield now heads a com-1
mittee named by the President to fix a
government price for wheat. His
work will end by September 1, when
the'wheat committee probably will be
dissolved.
The prices named for run of mine
coal in the large producing districts
average slightly more than $2. In a
few districts they are below that fig
ure, and inthe Western territory they
are higher. Washington state is high
est, with $3.25 at the mine. The price
for Washington state prepared sizes is
$3. 50 and for slack or screening $3.
The President s statement Said:
"The scale of prices is prescribed
for bituminous coal at the mine in the
several coal-producing districts. It is
subject to reconsideration when the
whole method of administering the
fuel supplies of the country shall have
been satisfactorily organized and put
into operation.
Subsequent measures will have as
their object a fair and equitable con
trol of the distribution of the supply
and or prices not only at the mines,
but also at the hands of the middlemen
and retailers."
The prices fixed range from 20 To 35
per cent under the maximum price of
$3 fixed by government officials and
operators at a conference here more
than a month ago. The $3 price
agreement, however, did not hold, as
many operators refused to abide by
it after secretary Baker, as the presi
dent of the Council of National De
fense, repudiated it as too high. Prices
recently have ranged far above the $3
limit.
The fixing of prices was the "second
step in the direction of coal control.'
The first was taken Monday when the
President named Robert S. Lovett as
director of transportation and ap
proved an order issued by Mr. Lovett
directing that coal shipments to the
Middle Northwest be given preference
over other goods.
COUNCIL DENOUNCES ARREST
Spokane Laborites Demand Release of
I. W. W. Prisoners.
Spokane, Wash. Declaring its be
lief that the Industrial Workers of the
World were justified in resorting to
the strike as the only weapon at their
command, the Spokane central labor
body has made the following demands:
That these men now in lail be re
leased at once. v
That Governor Lister be removed
from position of public trust.
That Major Wilkins be at once re
lieved from his command.
That all men representing labor re
sign from the Council of Defense.
That a general strike of all industry
be called until such time as may be
necessary to insure "observation of
the law."
Austria Considers Peace.
Copenhagen A telegram from the
official Corr Bureau of Vienna seems
to Indicate that Austria-Hungary will
accept the Pope's peace proposals. A
summary of Austro-Hungarian press
opinion circulated by the Corr Bureau
says; "The newspapers regard the
concrete proposal as a suitable basis
for beginning peace negotiations, but
doubt whether the entente shares this
hopo." In view of the well-known
practices of the Corr Bureau, this may
undoubtedly be regarded as the gov
ernment's voice.
Jam Made for Soldiers.
Tacoma, Wash. The government's
first contract for blackberry jam, to
be given to the Puyallup and Sumner
Fruitgrowers associatin, was filled
Wednesday. It consisted of 8600 cans
to be distributed among the forts of
the Northwest. That the government
will follow England's example and
supply jam to its soldiers is indicated
by the fact that the cannery has just
filed bids for 120,000 cans with the
quartermaster department in Seattle.
PIE
CI
AMERICA'S WAR MEDAL
Theodore Splcer-Slmson, the noted
medalist, at work on the medal de
signed by him and Issued to commem
orate the entry of the United States
In the world war, both sides of which
are shown. Copies of the medal In
gold have been presented by Miss
Anne Morgan to President Polncare of
France, Premier Vlvlanl and Marshal
JofTre, as well as to Sarah Bernhardt.
Replicas of the medal In government
bronze are now being gold by the
American Fund for French Wounded.
PLAN SUIT FOR BOTH SEXES
British Consider Means of Simplify.
Ing Production Men Willing to
Have Showdown.
London. Mere man is willing to
wear semimilitary breeches and other
"rational" clothing if women will wear
'em, too. Then, the man-person fig
ures, neither sex will be apt to do any
tittering over the shape of the other's
leeH
English tailors hnve devised a uni
form for civilian wear with the hope
of simplifying clothes production.
It consists of tunic, slightly mili
tary, breeches resembling those worn
by the cavalry, puttees or stockings,
and cap.
Many persons, men and women,
showed alarm over the suggested uni
form and were promptly accused of
hiding bow-legs, knock-knees and ab
sent calves. The owners of shapely
underpinnings, especially the men, are
perfectly willing to have a show
down. TELLS HORRORS OF
Roumanian, Who Escaped, Says
Men Were Starved, Kicked
and Chained.
HUMAN BONES FOR SOUP
Prisoners Often Inhumanly Punished
for Eating Seeds Given Them to
Sow Italian Prisoners
Are Treated Worse.
Rome. A Roumanian soldier, Toma
Haralam, taken prisoner by the Aus
trlnns last September during the Rou
manian Invasion of Transylvania, has
just succeeded In escaping to the Ital
ian lines on the Carso. The following
Is his story in all its simplicity and
horror :
"As soon as I was taken prisoner In
a wood near Basso I was brought be
fore a German officer, who examined
me. I refused to answer his questions
and betray my country, so he handed
me over to an Austrian sergeant, who
kicked me without mercy. I was left
absolutely without any food, not a
piece of bread or a drink of water, for
three days, and then taken with many
other prisoners to a concentration camp
in Huugary on the River Leytha, where
20,000 prisoners of war, Russtnils, Ital
ians and Roumanians, were confined.
"We were literally starved. Our ra
tions consisted of five ounces of bad
bread and a handful of boiled beans
dally, with a small piece of meat every
wiek. The men died like flies, both
from Insufficient nourishment and from
cold, as the Austrlans took away our
uniforms and warm underwear, as well
as our boots, and gave us In exchange
the enstoff uniforms and torn boots of
their first line troops.
"We all had to work, generally In the
fields, and as we ate the seed given us
to sow or the raw turnips and potatoes
we hod to plant often we were pun
ished by being tied to a pole with our
arms raised for hours or else chained
to the ground. The Italian prisoners
were treated worst of all and system
atically beaten by the Austrlans.
Sent to Italian Front
"Orders reached our camp In Janu
ary that 1,000 Roumanian prisoners
were to be sent to work on the Italian
front I was among the thousand
picked men. We were all young and
strong, comparatively speaking, of
GUARDING ARMIES
Leaders in the American Medical
Profession Co-Operate in
This Work.
PUBLICITY BIG SAFEGUARD
Mistakes of the Spanish-American War
Will Be Avoided Standardization
of Medical Supplies Is Be
ing Accomplished.
Washington. Tribute to the eager
ness with which the medical profession
has responded to the problems of car
ing for United States military forces In
the field was given in an interview by
Dr. Franklin H. Martin, chairman of
the committee on medical surgery of
the medical section of the council of
national defense. All the best medical
thought has been given the committee
to aid In solving new difficulties inci
dental to sending so many men into
service.
"The trained physician knows that
unless certain precautions are taken,"
Doctor Martin said, "dangerous epi
demics, such as typhoid fever or men
ingitis, are almost certain to occur in
the army camos, striking often with
the most surprising suddenness. The
less Is heard of the medical branch of
an army the more efficient it Is, because
usually when much is said about It the
comment Is of a very unpleasant cnar
acter." Declaring publicity is going to be the
big safeguard against mistakes similar
to those made in the Spanish-American
war, Doctor Martin continued:
"The work of safeguarding the
health of the army and navy could not
be In better hands than It is right now.
In the Best of Hands.
'Thn c-pnernl medical board of the
council of national defense, composed
of the country's biggest medical men,
including the surgeon generals of the
nrmv nnd navv. has served as a clear
ing house of professional opinion and
has brought to the solution or tne ques
tions at hand In reconstructed .form the
best medical thought of the nation. On
the board are such men as Dr. Simon
Flexner of the Rockefeller Institute,
Drs. William J. and Charles H. Mayo,
Dr. Victor O. Vaughan of the Univer
sity of Michigan, Dr. John M. T. Fin
nov nnrt Dr. William H. Welch of Johns
Hopkins, Dr. Frederick A. Besley of
Northwestern, Dr. George W. Urlle oi
Western Reserve and Dr. Charles E.
Kahlke of Balremaum college, to men
tion only a few. Through frequent con
ferences with these men the surgeon
eenernls themselves, occupied constant
ly with administrative tasks, have been
able to gain new points of view ana
gain a detached perspective in looking
at their problems from time to time.
"During the last months the work of
the medical section has been directed
AUSTRIAN CAMPS
course, as the starvation diet had
weakened us. We were divided Into
four sections of 250 men each and sent
to different localities. My section was
sent to Komen under the command of
an Austrian sub-lieutenant and 80 ter
ritorials. We worked at building a rail
way together with 2,000 Russian pris
oners. "Our food was worse and less than
that we had In camp, as we got 4 cents
a day pay and were supposed to spend
It on food, although bread cost a dol
lar a lonf. As we were ravenously
hungry because we had to work hard
we were compelled to rummage among
die garbage for food and even ate
rats and mice. We also got bones, hu
man bones they were sometimes, which
we boiled to make soup. In 25 days
60 men out of the 250 In my section
died from hunger, exhaustion and ex
posure. Five men committed suicide,
three attempted to escape and were
shot.
"On January 22 my comrade, Nlku
Crstia, and I decided to escape. We
walked for three days In the direc
tion of the Itnllnn lines with nothing
to eat, but we finally reached the ruins
of a village where we found a pigsty.
We took shelter here and found some
potato peelings and turnips, which we
ate.
Hla Comrade Dies.
"The cold was Intense. We reached
another village completely In ruins and
we could hear the Italian guns very
near. We could not find anything to
eat and my comrade was more dead
than alive. We slept during the day
and when night came on I tried to
arouse my comrade, but he was dead.
"Just then I distinctly heard the
characteristic sound of machine gun
fire and I knew I was near the first
line trenches. I decided to go on and
after two hours I crossed or rather
crawled through the Austrian lines. I
already felt free, but I had to get over
the wire entanglements and crawl over
such a long stretch- of ground that I
thought I had made a mistake and
that the Austrian trench I left behind
me was merely a support position. As
I hesitated what to do a voice came
out of the darkness: 'Alt I Chi va
la7 (Halt, who goes there J)
"I understood what the words
meant so I stood up and shouted:
"Romunl Romunl', And when the
Italians saw me I could see the aston
ishment In their faces. I did not look
human. They pulled me up and car
ried me Inside their trench. They gave
me coffee, wine and bread."
AGAINST DISEASE
In three main channels. The most com
prehensive has been keeping in touch
In an advisory capacity in the work of
the several divisions of control of the
government and the civilian population
the medical corps of the army and
navy, the public health service, the
Red Cross and the work with the civil-
lan and munition workers.
"Besides this work of keeping gen
eral oversight over all branches of the
public medical service, the committee
has concerned itself deeply with the
problems of personnel and supplies.'
The personnel problem has not been
solved, but It Is possible to say that the
section has been of great service la
putting the government departments In
touch with the kind of men they needj
To take advantage of carefully laid'
plans we must have in their admlnls-1
tratlon only physicians with the vision
and the professional training needed to
carry them out, both for active service!
at the front and in the concentration
camps back at -the rear. The medical
service must be filled with men of the
broadest gauge, of the standard al-
ready set by Its present personnel, and
we must depend on the profession be
tween now and the first of September
to furnish of its best even more gen
erously, than in the past. The question
of planning for health now seems
somewhat academic. When the army
Is mobilized it will be vital.
"The supply problem, which Is cared
for by Doctor Simpson, who sits In
with the general munitions board, has
been another source of difficulty In
which the medical section has co-op-1
erated with the medical divisions Of
the army and navy. Faced at the be-,
ginning with a shortage, due to the
country's previous almost exclusive de-
pendence on Germany for Its medical
supplies, we have had both to arrange
for taking care of civilian hospitals and
private practice and at the same time
to build up additional sources to meet
the vast needs of the new army.
Through constant conferences with
manufacturers and close attention to
detail, especially standardization of
products, this work is In a fair way to
ward accomplishment. There will be
no serious dearth.
"The country con rest assured that
everything of which the American med
leal profession Is capable has been
done to prepare for taking care of Its
new troops." . i
FROM WAR SHIRKER TO HERO
Remarkable Career of Henry Bella1
more, Once Rampant English
Pacifist. !
London. Conscientious objector,
'shirker, volunteer soldier and now one
of England's dead heroes that la the
.war career of Henry Bellamore. i
When war came, Bellamore called It;
the devil's Invention. Be fought
against' conscription on conscientious
grounds, preferring jail to the batx
tlefleld. '
"If I ever see a wounded soldier fall
with, his crutches, I won't help him1
up again," said Bellamore. This so
aroused his neighbors at Bath that they
burned him in effigy.
A few weeks later he experienced a
change of heart. Though exempted,
from the army, he volunteered. Soon;
he was the most popular soldier In
his regiment, the duke of Cornwall's
light Infantry.
Recently the former conscientious
objector was killed in action.
fittittrtrtttrtrertrtrtrlrt
CUT OUT GLOOM WHEN
i YOU WRITE TO SAILORS
Chicago. "There's a vacant
; chair at the table, George, and
we need your strong, broad
shoulders "
If you have a boy In the navy
i eliminate such phrases from
your next letter. Don't write
them. They are dumdums to
the Jackies, says the Great
Lakes Recruit, the monthly mag
azine published by the officers
and jackies of the naval training
station at Qreat Lakes, HI. In
the August Issue of the Recruit
a campaign on "what to write
your sailor," leads the editorial
department
The editorial says that "fully
80 per cent of the letters re
ceived by the sailors convey, In
stead of good cheer, a tale of
woes and Imaginary griefs, asi
"Mother's sick. Little John
ny's down with the measles, and
dad has sprained his foot"
DEANS CLASSED AS LUXURIES
$350,000 Spent on Them Yearly In Eng
land Called Waste by Bishop
of London.
London. Deans of the Church of
Enslend. or rather of the cathedrals n
England, are luxuries and should be
aDousnea, in tne opinion of Right Ben
Arthur F. W. Ingram, bishop of Lon
don, who declared that the 360,00O
spent yearly on deans Is wasted
money.'
"It Is with no dlsreSDect that T m
it" he declared, "but I believe that the
whole idea of a dean being at the head!
of a cathedral and the bishop having
no right whatever In his see Is an nn.
catholic thing. In some cathedrals a
bishop cannot even preach without the
leav6 of the dean and chapter. ' There1 -are
excellent men among them, but
the money spent yearly Is more needed
for the bishops of the new dioceses
which axe required."