1
Possible Peace Terms Declared
by Chancellor Michaelis.
AMERICA IS SNUBBED
England Blamed for Causing War and
for Making Uie of Submarine
Necessary Food li Scarce.
Copenhagen With the statement
that Germany's wish is to conclude
peace as combatants who have success
fully accomplished their purpose, yet
admitting the severity of the food sit
uation, Dr. Georg Michaelis, the new
imperial chancellor of Germany, Fri
day made his first address before the
reichstag.
Dr. Michaelis declared adherence to
the submarine campaign as a means of
hastening the end of the war, and
looked lightly upon the entry of the
United States into the war, asserting
the German fleet and the submarines
would master that situation.
Meager reports of Dr. Michaelis'
address, received Saturday, were sup
lemented Sunday with more complete
versions.
"Although," said Chancellor Mi
chaelis to the reichstag, "English
statesmen knew, as shown by their
bluebook, that Russian mobilization
must lead to war with Germany, they
addressed not a word of warning to
Russia against military measures,
while my predcessor, in instructions
July 29, 1914, to the Ambassador at
Vienna, directed him to say that we
would willingly fulfill our duty as an
ally, but must refuse to permit our
selves to be involved In a world war
through Austria-Hungary disregarding
our counsels. The man who wishes to
kindle a world war does not write like
this, but a man who is laboring and
has labored for peace to the utmost.
"The concentration of the Russian
army compelled Germany to seize the
sword.
"There was no choice left to us, and
what is true of the war itself is true
also of our weapons, particularly the
submarine. We deny the accusation
that the submarine warfare is contrary
to International law and violates the
rights of humanity.
"England forced this weapon in our
hands through a neutral blockade.
England prevented neutral trade with
Germany and proclaimed a war of
starvation. Our faint hope that Amer
ica, at the head of the neutrals, would
check English illegality was vain and
the final attempt we made by an hon
orably intended peace offer to avoid
the last extremity, failed.
"Then Germany had to choose this
last measure as a counter measure of
self-defense. Now also it must carry
it through for the purpose of shorten
ing the war. The submarine war is
accomplishing all and more than all it
Is expected to. It impairs England's
economic life and the conduct of the
war month to month in a growing de
gree, so that it will not be possible to
oppose the necessity for peace much
longer. We can look forward to the
further labors of the brave submarine
with complete confidence.
"We look without serious concern
upon the optimistic sentiment in the
entente countries caused by America's
intervention. It is easy to reckon how
much tonnage is necessary to trans
port an army from America to Europe,
how much tonnage is required to feed
such an army. France and England
are scarcely able to feed and supply
their own armies without influencing
the economic situation still further.
After our previous success we shall be
able to master this situation also
through our fleet, particularly the sub
marines. That is our firm conviction
and assurance. We and our allies,
therefore, can look forward to any fur
ther development of military events
with calm security.
"The burning question in our hearts,
however, ie how much longer the war
is to last. With this, I come to a
matter which stands in the center of
all our interest and all our proceedings
today. Germany did not desire the
war in order to make violent con-
Seek Life of Kaiser.
Amsterdam An attempt on Emper
or William's life by two Americans
was reported Saturday by a person who
states that he knows the circumstances.
"According to his story, two men man
aged to get near the kaiser at great
headquarters on July 3 before the em
peror went to Vienna. The men were
seized by detectives, the tale goes, and
were found to possess revolvers. It is
aid these men, both Americans, had
been promised a large reward by an
American millioniare for killing the
emperor and that they were shot.
Camp Getf First Animals.
Tacoma, Wash The first carload of
15,000 animals to be used at the army
cantonment when the 46,000 men are
in training arrived Saturday from Fort
Keogh, not far from Miles City, Mont
The shipment had been on the road 12
day. - The animals will be brought to
the camp from many places in the Uni
ted States, but the major share of
them will be gathered at concentration
points in the west, such as Miles City,
Mont, and Twin Falls, Idaho.
SPOILS OF VIC
Rl
DEMAND
OF KAISER
quests, and therefore will not continue
the war a day longer merely for the
sake of such conquests if it could ob
tain an honorable peace.
"The Germans," he said, "wish to
conclude peace as combatants who
have successfully accomplished their
purpose and proved themselves invinci
ble. A condition of peace is the in
violability of Germany's territory.
No parley is possible with the enemy
demanding the cession of German soil.
" We must by means of understand
ing and in a spirit of give and take
guarantee conditions of the existence
of German empire upon the continent
and oveseas," continued the chancellor.
Dr. Michaelis' words on this point
required a careful reading the are cap
able of various interpretations other
than the surface one. His German in
dicates a willingness to make peace
only as victors.
"It must," he continued, "prevent
nations from being plunged into fur
ther enmity through economic block
ades and provide a safeguard that the
league in the arms of our opponents
does not develop into an economic
offensive alliance against us.
"We cannot again offer peace. We
have loyally stretched out our hands
once. It met no response, but with
the entire nation and with Germany,
the army and its leaders, in accord
with this declaration, the government
feels that if our enemies abandon their
lust for conquest and their aims at
subjugation and wish to enter into ne
gotiations we shall listen honestly and
readily for peace to what they have to
say to us. Until then we must hold
out calmy and patiently.
"The present time in regard to food
conditions is the most severe we have
experienced and in the month of July
has been the worst. Drought has de
layed and want exists in many cases,
but I can declare with glad confidence
that relief will shortly set in and the
population can then be supplied more
adequately."
Washington, D. C Selective con
scription was put into effect Friday,
when a national lottery fixed the order
of military liability for the 10,000,000
young Americans registered for serv
ice. To accomplish .the result, 10,600
numbers had to be drawn, one at a
time a task which began in the morn
ing and lasted far into the night.
The lottery was held in the public
hearing room of the senate office build
ing, with War department officials in
charge of the actual drawing and with
members of the senate and house mili
tary committees as witnesses.
Through the day there was a small
crowd of spectators, but altogether
probably less than 1000 people saw any
part of the process.
As a result of drawnig, every regis
tered man receives a definite place in
the liability-for-service list. Already
687,000 have been ordered to the colors
to fill to war strength the regular
army and national guard and to consti
tute the first increment of the national
army.
To obtain that total 1,374,000 men
will be called for examination within
a few weeks, officials estimating that
two registrants must be called for
every soldier accepted. These 1,374,
000 will be taken from the head of the
liability list, every local district fur
nishing a fixed quota.
The drawing . was conducted with
ceremonies as democratic as the ideal
citizenship it embodied.
It was shortly before 10 o'clock
when Secretary Baker, entrusted by
the President with the carrying out of
the draft law, rapped for order. The
congressional committees were in their
seats, and on a small table stood the
lottery jar, sealed with brown paper
and showing through its transparent
walls the heap of number-filled cap
sules that must be taken out, one, by
one.
Secretary Baker briefly explained
the purpose of the drawing, then
stepped forward to be blindfolded and
draw the first number.
It was No. 258. Then, in quick suc
cession, other numbers were drawn,
while cameras and motion picture ma
chines recorded the scene.
Siam Declares State of War.
London Si am has declared that a
state of war exists with Germany and
Austria, according to a Reuter dis
patch from Bangkok.
Nine steamers, aggregating 19,000
tons, have been seized.
The object of Siam's declaration is
"to uphold the sanctity of internation
al rights against nations showing con
tempt for the principles of humanity
and respect for small states.
All Germans and Austrians, the dis
patch adds, have been placed under ar
rest and their businesses closed.
England Sends Thanks.
London On behalf of the govern
ment, Lord Robert Cecil, minister of
blockade, asked the Associated Press
to express to the American government
and people the gratification and appre
ciation of the British government for
the reception and assistance given to
the British recruiting campaign in the
United States. The results of the re
cruiting campaign in the United
States have been a source of satisfac
tion to the British government
Mrs. Roosevelt Greeted.
Paris Mrs. Theodore Roosevelt,
Jr., arrived from New York Saturday,
and was greeted by the prefect of the
French government
687. CALLED
COLORS
LOTTERY
GOETHALS RESIGNS;
DENMAN IS OUSTED
President Acts to End Shipping
Board Controversy.
NEW MEN ARE CHOSEN
Rear Admiral Cappa Takes Charge of
Fleet Company E. N. Hurley to
Head Trade Commission.
Washington, D. C President Wil
son Tuesday asked Chairman Denman,
of the shipping board, to resign, and
accepted the resignation of Major Gen
eral Goethals as general manager of
the Emergency Fleet corporation.
Official announcement of the accept
ance of the resignations of Goethals
and Captain John B. White was made
with publication of a letter from Pres
ident Wilson to Chairman Denman,
asking for his resignation and giving
the President's opinion that the only
way to end the row which has delayed
the shipbuilding program was for both
Goethals and Denman to be removed.
In asking for Mr. Denman's resigna
tion, President Wilson suggested that
he would be glad to "take the same
disinterested and self-forgetting course
that General Goethals has taken."
"When you have done as he has
done," the President wrote Mr. Den
man, "I am sure that you may count
with the utmost confidence upon the
ultimate verdict of the people of the
country with regard to your magnani
mous and unselfish view of public duty
and upon winning in the retrospect the
same admiration and confidence that
I have learned to feel for you."
President Wilson's action came as a
surprise. Officials generally had
thought he would make a further
effort to patch up differences and di
vide specifically between Chairman
Denman and General Goethal's power
conferred on him by the shipping act.
Chairman Denman received the
President's request for his resignation
at noon and tendered it immediately.
"I want to help the President in
every way possible," he said, "and
never have questioned the wisdom of
his decisions."
Edward N. Hurley, a Chicago busi
ness man and former chairman of the
Federal Trade commission, will be
come chairman of the shipping board.
Washington L. Capps, chief construc
tor of the navy, will succeed General
Goethals as general manager of the
Emergency Fleet corporation. Bain
bridge Colby, of New York, will be
come a member of the shipping board
in place of Captain John B. White.
SECOND ARMY PLANS MADE
Five Billions Added to War Expenses
Allies Will Need More.
Washington, D. C. Plans worked
out in congress for raising war reve
nue were overturned Wednesday by
by announcement of forthcoming addi
tional estimates for war expenditures
aggregating more than $5,000,000,000,
principally in anticipation of assem
bling a second army of 500,000 men
under the selective draft.
Secretary McAdoo, at a special
meeting of the senate finance commit
tee, revealed that the War department
alone is preparing estimates to cover
additional expenditures of nearly $5,
000,000,000, and asked the committee
of hold up the $16,70,000,000 war tax
bill until the detailed estimates of all
departments are submitted. The com
mittee agreed to the request and
pigeon-holed a report on the measure
which it had planned to submit during
the day.
The new estimates, including $500,
000,000 additional for the Shipping
board and $100,000,000 for the Navy
department, are to be submitted to the
committee late this week.
Besides the additional sums needed
for the American war program, Secre
tary McAdoo told the senate commit
tee that the $3,000,000,000 authorized
for loan to the allies probably would
last only until October and that about
$2,000,000,000 for their further assis
tance would be needed.
Highlanders in Chicago.
Chicago Kilts and tartans captured
the heart of Chicago Wednesday when
200 of the Forty-eighth Canadian
Highlanders, headed by pipers and the
regimental brass band, paraded
through the downtown streets as a pre
liminary to a week of intensive re
cruiting for the British army, as well
as for the United States army. The
Canadians, the first detachment of
English military in actual service to
march under arms on American terri
tory since the evacuation of New Or
leans in 1815, were greeted with cheers.
Sinn Feiners Asking Aid.
Washington, D. C. Two communi
cations addressed to congress contain
ing pleas by the Sinn Feiners in Ireland
for American aid in their demand for
absolute Independence from England
were left at the White House Wednes
day by Irish representatives. One is
signed by Patrick McCarten in behalf
of the Irish repubic The other is an
appeal signed by 26 officers "of forces
formed independently in Ireland to se
cure liberation of the Irish nation,"
MARVELS WORKED
Remaking of the Eye Region
One of the Wonders
Performed.
OPERATE WHILE GUNS ROAR
Handle Patients With Coolness and
Rapidity Under Constant Menace
of Death Wounded Loud In
Praises of Surgeons.
By C. F.bTrTELLT.
Paris. The remaking of the eye
region through the transplantation of
part of the mucous membrane and the
grafting of eyelids and lashes are
among the marvels of plastic surgery
accomplished In France during the
war by Dr. Louts Borsch, the famous
American oculist, who, since August,
1014, has been chief ophthulnilc sur
geon at the huge Grand Pululs Mili
tary hospital In Paris.
Doctor Borsch lias Just returned
from a trip to the trenches and field
hospitals, which he made at the re
quest of the department of health for
the purpose of advising as to the pos
sibility of Improving existing methods
of treating wounds of the eye and
saving the vision of the thousands of
soldiers who In this latter phuse of
the war are suffering from such Injur
ies. "Three years of constant dully ex
perience in the treatment of eye
wounds nt the Grand Palais," said
Doctor Borsch on his return, "has en
abled me to witness a very consider
able Improvement in the methods em
ployed, and very gratifying results are
now being obtained. If we could huve
taken up our task In 1914 with the
benefit of the experience we have
since acquired, our results would cer
tainly have been more than 100 per
cent better.
Under Menace of Death.
"The one great lesson we Wve
learned Is that our chances of oper
ating successfully In cases of eye
wounds are enormously Increased
when patients are brought to us Im
mediately after they have received
their wounds. The same remark, of
course, applies to all wounds.
"How well the heads of the French
medical service realize this will be
understood when I say that during
my Champagne trip I. found many
cases In which the wounded had been
brought from the trenches to the
field hospitals, washed and operated
upon, with all dressings completed,
within four hours of their receiving
their Injuries. The surgeons and
nurses work under the constant men
ace of death. I myself saw them
working In first-aid dugouts and In
the hospitals just behind the lines
amidst never-ending Bhowers of big
shells, yet they handle their patients
with a coolness, rapidity and skill
which cannot be surpassed in the
operating theater of a Paris hospital.
"The wounded are unanimous In
their praise of the treatment they
receive, and so thorough and efficient
is It that I do not think It possible
to Improve upon the work of the
field hospitals that we Inspected. We
saw many wounded with severe frac
tures of the thighs and legs who
were walking about the wards In a
special apparatus four days after
their being wounded; theso men as
sured me they had never suffered a
moment's pain.
"We also saw many German wound
ed, and there was not one of them who
did not seem pleased to be a prisoner
In French hands. They are treated
with precisely the same care and de
votion as the French wounded, whose
wards they share, and no distinction
whatever Is made.
"Dangerous eye wounds, that In
their treatment call for nerves of
steel In the surgeon and a hand that
never deviates a hair's breadth, are
tended amid the most hellish uproar
Imaginable ; the quick and efficient use
of the eye magnet, for Instance, for
drawing out shell splinters from the
region of the eye socket has saved
sight In thousands of cases.
"Unfortunately beneath the cease
less cataract of exploding shells the
FIRST U.S. COMBATANT CONTINGENT
w 1
l vi f .civ kfSf in i$yL
v , - t au. ,.JafaL&.wvmMaar
The first American contingent has been on the French front since May
24. It Is commanded by Capt E. T. Tinkham and Lieut. Princeton Scully
who won the Cross of War before Verdun. The photograph shows the Ameri
can soldiers saluting toe Start and Stripes.
BY EYE SURGEONS
face wounds In many cases are so
bad tliut no ophthalmic skill could
possibly save the sight. But here
plastic surgery, one of the wonders
of the war, comes In to make the
victim's face again presentable. Plas
tic work goes further than the re
making of shattered jaws and noses;
the upper part of the face, Including
the eye region, can be patched up so
as to make the poor wounded pre
sentable and not objects of horror
to their fellow men."
The records of the Grand Palnls
hospital show that Doctor Borsch, who
was one of the first American sur
geons to graft the cornea, has suc
cessfully transplanted skin, bone, car
tilage and mucous membrane to the
orbit. In several cases he hag pro
vided soldiers with new eyelids by
taking cartllnge from the ribs, graft
ing It over the socket and afterwards
making an Incision In the new skin.
To the upper and lower edges of the
silt thus made he has grafted flesh
bearlng hairs, which Is taken from
the eyebrows, in this manner furnish
ing new lashes, and has afterwards
patched up the eye socket by trans
plantations from the mucuous mem
brane taken from the mouth.
Aged Woman Teaches Knitting.
Canton, O. Mrs. Amelia Brush,
seventy, who knitted socks for soldiers
In the Civil war, Is (liug her bit for
the boys who are going to France. She
Is teaching a Sunday school class at
the First Methodist church how to
make socks.
CAT AS "SNIFFER"
No Doubt About Poison Gas
When Tabby Comes Hur
rying Back.
REAL WAR DOG WEARS MASK
Norman Lee, American Ambulance
' Hero, Writes Interesting Letters
of Life at the Front Luck
of Section Seven.
New York. Eliot Norton of New
York city has received a letter from
an American volunteer In France, Nor
man Lee, eighteen years old, son of a
newspaper man, who has been driving
an American Red Cross ambulance for
the last nine months, and who has re
ceived the Croix de Guerre. The let
ter follows:
"It's 2 a. m. I have just returned
from a trip and It's a good time to
write. While I attempt this two men
are busily engaged In piling up trench
torpedoes Just outside of the 'dugout.'
I call It a dugout In reality it's only
a cellar but It serves Its purpose
keeps the 'eclats' from hitting you of
course, a direct hit would be a differ
ent thing. The Boches dropped a few
gas shells oyer about midnight. Have
you ever heard a rattlesnake? Well,
a gas shell has the same effect. No
one has to tell you what It Is, you
know. It just goes 'put' and lets out
a greenish vapor. That's enough
down In the dugout put on your
masks and wait until the Boches are
finished. But It's a ghastly scene, one
candle burning, and every one sitting
around with masks on the cat hugs
the fire while James, the medicine
dog, has his mask on, too It's a spe
cial one and he knows enough not to
paw It oft. He's a real war dog.
Official "Sniffer" Appointed.
"During these sessions there Is al
ways an official 'sniffer' appointed,
who has to '.ake off his mask, every
once in a while, go to the door and
see If the stuff Is still around. The
other day we were In doubt, o we
threw the cat out. She -.ame back so
quickly that no one had any doubt
that It still was there. Oh ! It bothers
me, the gas more than the shells. It's
a pretty rotten way to make war.
"A Boche avion came over the town
RUSSIAN SUFFRAGIST
w Pa y yY Jf r
Dr. .Pollkseim Schnlschklna Yaveln,
president of the "Defenders of Worn
nil's Rights," the Itusslun branch of
the International Woman Suffrage ul
llance. When the war broke out Doc
tor Yaveln and her coworkers threw
the whole strength of this powerful
suffrage unit Into war service.
HELPS SOLDIERS
si-
we stay In the other night and dropped
four bombs. One hit on the house next
the one the 'chief was sleeping In, the
rest a few hundred feet from our
tents. No one was hurt. We called
it the luck of Section Seven, Strange
to say, the name of the street nil the
bombs fell on Is 'rue de la Bombe.'
"I had an interesting experience a
few days ago, In fact, at the time, it
was too Interesting. If I remember
rightly I closed by last tetter up In
order to get a little sleep while I had
the chance. Well, I hadn't been asleep
more than nn hour when I was awak
ened by the noise of 'arrlvees' not
shells, but shrnpnel. There was a
battery not far from us and the Bodies
were trying to silence It by making the
gunners take to cover; hence, the
shrapnel. I might remark that the en
trance to our dugout having once been
German now faced the wrong way
said . entrance being covered by a
blanket. Each shot kept coming near
er, and you can't Imagine a weirder
sound than the whine of bursting
shrapnel.
Burst at the Door.
"Pretty soon It came so near that
you could hear pieces hitting the top
of the dugout. The last one burst
the nearest right In front of the door.
Zowlel Ingl patter, hit, bang! They
ripped through that blanket like a
clown going through a paper ring at a
circus. I held my breath and lay still.
Fortunately, none of us got hit, but In
the morning we picked pieces out of
all the walls. The blanket resembled
a huge piece of Swiss cheese. The
gunners came down in the morning to
look us over, and told us the Boches
hadn't succeeded in driving them from
their guns for a moment. We all
agreed with the brancardler, who re
marked, 'Sale Boche.'
"The same weather continues. Bain,
hall, snow and mud Inches deep.
Think of the poor wounded In It all.
But we do help them. With love to all.
"Near Solssons. NORMAN."
"KAISER" OUSTS COON
X AS POPULAR TARGET
Columbus, 0 "Hit the kfciser
three throws for a jltuey."
This Is the cry one now hears
at street carnivals and will soon
hear at county fairs, for a local
carnival worker has replaced the
"baby rack" with a human target
dressed to resemble the Germnn
war lord. One gets three cigars
for cracking the "kniser" on the
head.
JAP WOMEN TAKE MEN'S JOBS
Wages Range From Ten to Twenty
Five Cents a Day Actresses
Best Paid.
Tokyo. Thot Japanese women con
stantly are taking a larger part in the
activities of the empire is shown by
recent investigations. As in Europe,
so In Japan, women are filling posi
tions formerly exclusively held by
men.
There are 4,000 women working un
der the railway bureau, most of them
ticket sellers, cashiers and account
ants, and 6,000 women find employ
ment In the cigar and cigarette fac
tories of the government tobacco mo
nopoly. Their wages range from 10 to
25 cents a day. Male clerks In banks
and mercantile houses constantly are
being replaced by women, who receive
$5 to $15 a month.
Actresses receive the highest wages
paid to women in Japan, but their
clothes are expensive, and so they are
financially in no beter position than
the more humble workers.