;
SELECT GLEAN SEED
Most Important Precaution In
Control of Potato Scab.
Disinfection Treatment la an Added
Foresight Neither Will Be Ef
fective If Soil It Already
Full of Disease.
(From the United Btntno Department of
Agriculture,
' The treatment of soed potatoes with
formaldehyde or with corrosive sub
limate has been recommended for
many years as a preventive of scab
and other diseases carried on the tu
bers. Such treatmont Is, on the whole,
profitable, but has sovoral limitations
which should be clearly recognized
to prevent disappointment, according
to the specialists of the department.
The object of disinfecting seed pota
toes Is to destroy the germs of scab
and other surface parasites which
might otherwise be planted with the
eeod and infect the new crop. Only
surface Infections are reachod by this
method, It Is only partially effective
Potato Affected With Russet Scab,
, Showing Russetlng and Cracking At
t eoclated With Rhlzoctonla of West-
ern Potato.
against deep pits of common scab.
Formaldehyde is loss effective than
corrosive sublimate against the black
Bclorotla or rostlng bodlos of rhlzoc
tonla, or russot scab, and agn.lnst pow
dery scab. Neither chemical, as or
dinarily used, will destroy silver scurf.
Either one will kill surface Infections
of blackleg, but neither fusarium wilt
nor late blight Infection In potato tu
bers can be reached by any seed treat
ment, nor can any of the nonparasitic
diseases of potatoes, such as mosaic
loaf roll, and curly dwarf, be prevent
ed. See Farmers' Bulletin 541 for
description of these troubles.
Clearly, therefore, the most Impor
tant precaution against these diseases
Is to select clean, disease-free seed
potatoes from healthy, vigorous plants,
as determined by field Inspection dur
ing the growing soason and at harvest.
'Seed treatment should then be applied
as an additional precaution.
Boll Conditions and Potato Diseases.
I Soil conditions have an Important re
lation to potato tubor diseases, and
many of these are widely sproad
throughout the country, perhaps na
tive to some soils. Common scab Is
favored by a neutral or slightly al
kaline soil, and seldom gives trouble In
acid soils. It is therefore increased
Jby liming and by fresh stable manure,
wood ashes, and alkaline fertilizers,
such as nitrate of soda and ground
Jbone, while acid, phosphate and sul-
Iphate of ammonia tend to diminish
acab.
Rhlzoctonla occurs to some extent
In nearly all soils, but appears to at
tack potatoes most when the condl
tlons are unfavorable to the best de
velopment of the potato plant. Ilrlng
the land to an Ideal state of tilth to
minimize loss from rhlzoctonla.
Powdery scab Is worst on cold, wet,
or poorly drained Bulls. Blackleg,
.J k fxvl
Potato Affected With Common Scab.
on the other hand, is carried by infect
ed soed. No potatoes showing a deep
brown discoloration at the stem end
should be planted.
Sulphur tends to prevent common
scab. It is not a substitute for cor
rosive sublimate or formaldehydo, but
in a good drier tor cut seed. Applied
to scab-infected soils at tho rate of
600 pounds per acre It reduces the
scab, but such heavy applications can
not be generally recommended as
profitable. Preliminary experimental
trials are advised.
How to Disinfect Seed.
I The formaldehyde treatment - con
alati of soaking the potatoes, before
cutting, for two hours In a solution
made by adding one pint ot formal-
dohyde to 30 gallons of water. The
solution can be used repeatedly. The
gas treatment Is no longer recom
mended. Corrosive sublimate Is used at the
rate of 1-1,000 for one and one-half to
two hours. Dissolve two ounces of the
salt In hot water and dilute to 15 gal
lons. This Is a deadly poison. Use
with great care. It must also be kept
In wood, porcelain, or glass vessels,
as It attacks metal. It Is more effec
tive than formaldehyde, particularly
against rhlzoctonla and powdery scab.
Do not use the same solution more
than three times, as the strength
diminishes with each lot of potatoes
soaked.
To treat large quantities, sot sev
eral barrels on a slightly elevated plat
form. Fit a plug In a hole In the bot
tom of each barrel, fill with potatoes,
cover with solution, let stand two
hours, draw off solution, and pour into
another barrel. Increase the number
of barrels In proportion to the quan
tity to bo treated. Another method
Is to use a large wooden vat or trough,
Into which the potatoes In sacks are
lowered by a rope and pulley and later
bailed out, drained, and dried on slat
ted racks.
Seed potatoes may be treated sev
eral weeks before planting, provided
they are not reinfected by storing In
old containers or storage bins.
Sprouted potatoes are Injured by
treatment, but will throw out new
sprouts. In general, however, pota
toes will not be injured by following
the above directions. Many growers
bellove germination Is improved by
treatment.
TREATING SCOURS IN HORSES
Give Mixture of Whole Oats and One
Ninth Part Wheat Bran Have
Teeth Attended To.
For scours In horses, feed a mixture
of whole oats and one-ninth part of
wheat bran by weight, allowing one and
a fifth pounds of this for each hundred
pounds of body weight as a day's ra
tion. In the same way feed one pound
of hay per hundred pounds of body
weight. Increase hay and decrease
the grain mixture when the horse is
idle. Let him run out In the yard
dally, when not at work and when
the weather Is fine. Muzzle him be
tween meals If he eats his bedding.
Allow free access to rock salt. Give
tho drinking water before meals un
less he has access to pure water at
all times. Have his teeth attended
to by a veterinarian, and if he bolts
his feed mix some hard peas with it
or put It in a very largo box, or have
soma cobblestones in the feed box.
trCrteirttiirGtrtrtiiitriiitiiiiiitrlrtrirttrti
it nrvrp it nvi v
Ct uulo 1 1 rn l l
To buy cheap seeds because
good seeds are scarce and high
In price?
Of course it does not.
Records which have been kept
of the time and labor expended
and the yield secured tell the
story.
It's the same all along the
line. Cheap seeds never paid
and never will.
MAINTAIN HEALTH OF COLTS
Easy to Prevent Navel Disease by
Providing Clean and Sa.;.tary
Stalls for Animals.
Navel disease which infects colts
soon aftor foaling can easily be pre
vented by providing clean and sani
tary stalls for the mares and colts and
keeping the stable well disinfected, ac
cording to J. S. Coffey of the animal
husbandry department, Ohio state uni
versity. The disease is easily transmitted
from old bedding, sawdust or barn
yard Bcraplngs. Only clean and new
straw should be put in the Btall and
a strong solution of iodine kept handy
for bathing the navel cord of the colt.
The first milk of the mare contains
colostrum, a natural laxative, and is
essential in keeping the young colt
In good condltton; therefore, mares
should not be milked before or soon
after foaling. In a few days both
mare and colt can exercise in the pas
ture lot.
PLAN FOR CUTTING SPINACH
Convenient Way Is to Use Sharp
Hoe to 81 Ice Off Large Plants
of Edible Size.
As convenient a way as any for
cutting Bplnach is to use a sharp hoe
to slice off the large plantB as soon
as they reach the edible size, thus
leaving the Binaller ones for a week
or two to grow larger. By so doing
the season can be somewhat extend
ed without risk of having the plants
develop seed Btalks, which they will
start to do at the first hint ot warm
weather.
MINERAL FEEDS NO BENEFIT
Negative Results Obtained In Tests
Conducted at the Iowa Experi
ment Station.
Pigs fed at the Iowa station were
given free-will choice of 14 different
minerals while bejng fed on corn and
Its products, but results were nega
tive, as the minerals did not appar
ently help the stock in any way.
Among minerals available were rock
salt, charcoal, limestone, bone ash,
cinders, alack coal, wood ashes, glau-
ber'a salts, epsom salts, calcium cit
rate and baking soda.
Bathing Frocks and
Ill
ill
roirou
Bathing suits of this year's design
Include many new departures from ac
cepted styles of other years. They
are ampler in length and width of
skirt; many of them have sleeves that
partially cover the upper arm, and
considerable needlework is involved
in their making. , There are princess
models that look like riding coats, and
there are full skirts with pantalets
that reach somo inches below the
knees. Most novel of all is a model
made of silk with a very full skirt
sewed together across the bottom,
with two openings to thruBt the feet
through. This serves the purpose of
bloomers and skirt.
One of the best of the new designs
is shown In the illustration. It is of
black taffeta trimmed with narrow
white braid. The skirt is cut in four
gores, narrow at the top and pointed
at the bottom. The waist, cut with
kimono sleeves, opens over a white
silk vest. Revers reach to the waist
lino, and there is a small flaring collar
at the back. These and the sleeves,
which are slit up the top of the arm,
are outlined with two rows of the nar
row white braid. Black and white silk
lft wide stripes make the close-fitting
cap with wings of plain black, and
black and white are combined in the
stockings and slippers. Altogether
this Is a model that is attractive and
practical. Short knickerbockers are
worn under the skirt.
Broadstrlpes In many color com
binations serve the designer of smart
Last Word in
Itf tflfl I lal',ifBali 'iM'ttf TfB Irt'i'ni tiaWumTamw1 tlfcJaM
An elegant blouse of linen, hand em
broidered, and an equally smart but
less costly model in voile, are among
the latest offerings In summer styles.
Each of them presents at least one new
feature worth consideration, and either
of them may be easily made at home.
Handkerchief linen in the natural
linen color was used for the blouse
at the left of the picture, with a heav
ier linen in a medium shade of blue,
and embroidery in white, black and
blue floss appearing in the decoration.
This blouse has an open throat and a
wide sailor collar with rounded cor
ners, piped with blue. Down each
side of the front are simulated button
holes made of the blue linen, and the
embroidery design. In the fashionable
mode of long stitches, is worked about
these buttonholes. Oblong buttons are
covered at the top with the natural
linen, and the remainder with the
blue. Tho same model Is shown In
salmon color and retails for some
thing over ten dollars.
It is style and hand embroidery
which enables this linen blouse to
sell for a price four times that of
the dainty blouse of voilo shown
with it. The voile blouse is in the
fashionable chartreuse color, and this
peculiar green looks unusually well
with white linen in a binding on all the
frills. In this blouse all the seams are
hemstitched with thread in the color
ot the blouse. The back portion ex
tendi over the shoulders to form a
Swimming Suits
bathing suits to the best purpose.
Wide skirts are cut with stripes run
ning diagonally about the figure, and
the waists with perpendicular stripes.
Usually a fitted girdle of silk, in a
plain color, Is shaped Into a pointed
belt that Joins waist and skirt, and a
little vest of the plain silk is intro
duced at the front. Bloomers and
stockings match the vest and girdle
in color, and it is the custom to make
the hat or cap of the same plain ma
terial. There is a distinction between a
regular swimming suit and the bath
ing frock. Swimming suits are closer
fitting and are made of wool jersey
or fiber silk, for the girl who takes
her swimming seriously. No frivolities
of docoratlon add even a little extra
weight to it and It is not expected
that the wearer will promenade about
the beach in it.
The princess bathing suits are very
trim and shapely. Plain materials,
with collar, pockets and borders in
striped or plaid or checked fabrics,
make them very sightly affairs. The
bloomers reach below the knees, and
the skirts are almost as long. Silk
poplin and taffeta head the list of
silks, but there are several other fab
rics in silk or wool that have helped
to make this season's offerings in
bathing suits the best within the mem
ory of the fashion writer.
Summer Blouses
T
short yoke at the front, and the front
pieces are fulled onto this yoke in a
hemstitched seam.
The long sleeves are shaped Into
cuffs ending in a frill by rows of hem
stitching. There is a high crushed col
lar of the voile edged with a scant
frill and fastened across the front with
a narrow stock of black satin. There
are frills graduated in width at each
side of the front. White linen strips
are used for bindings. This model
is a happy choice for a slender fig"
ure and one of a very few that have
been designed with a high collar.
The Common Choice.
A costume house the other day ad
vertised hat it had on exhibition seventy-five
styles of blue suits. Nearly
every well-dressed woman starts out
in the spring to choose a modish color
for her stand-by suit, and nine out of
every ten women end by buyhig some
shade of blue.
Rare Color.
Rose, coral aud many other kindred
shades are so soft and becoming that
they are worthily popular this spring.
The woman who has never tried them
should buy a crepe blouse or frock it
she would see Just how attractive she
ts capable ot looking.
'I
ALL SOUGHT POWER ON SEA
Anelent Nations Recognized What It
Meant to Be Supreme on
the Ocean.
The Phoenicians were the first to
make long voyages and the first to
arm their vessels for war. They read
ily availed themselves of the ad
vantages of a marine and thereby soon
secured an extensive commerce. In
time they assumed the empire of the
sea, a sovereignty they long continued
to enjoy, during which time tbey be
came tyrants of the sea and exercised
piracy. They were the Hrst sea pirates
known to history,
Aftor the Phoenicians, the Acglnetans
and then the Cretans assumed domin
ion of the sea during various epochs,
but it remained for the inhabitants of
the Island of Rhodes to create, digest
and promulgate the first system ot
maritime laws of which we have any
authentic knowledge. So great was
the success they attained, their code
has always been referred to as the
"cradle of maritime law." Neverthe
less, as far back as the reign of King
Hammurabi, who was a contemporary
of Abraham, 2,250 years before Christ,
we find In the code of Hammurabi nu
merous sections which fix the obliga
tions arising under contracts for boat
building, hire or charter of vessels,
transportation of goods for hire, col
lisions, etc., and the principles there
laid down are, In many Instances, rec
ognized at the present time as the rule
of decision.
The Persians, and then the Greeks
In turn, succeeded the Rhodlans as
masters of the sea. These two coun
tries maintained large fleets of war
vessels, called by. the ancients, as a
class, "vessels of force," as distin
guished from their merchantmen or
"ships of burthen." The great naval
battle of Salamis, fought by these
countries, in which it is said over fif
teen hundred vessels took part, fol
lowed by that of Plataea and Mycale,
demonstrated to the Greeks, with the
success of their arms, the immeasur
able value of sea power. They lost no
time, and spared no efforts in the crea
tion of a still greater navy, and adopt
ed measures they deemed Judicious in
furthering the interests of their mer
chant marine. Among other things
they established a special Jurisdiction
at Athens to pass upon maritime trans
actions. CARLYLE PRIZED FIRST LOVE
Margaret Gordon Was the Original of
Blumlne In "Sartor Resartus,"
Says the Critic.
During the year 1818 Thomas Car
lyle, the Scotch philosopher, was liv
ing at Kirkcaldy, and he seems then
for the first time to have fallen in
love. The lady appears not to have
returned the attachment, although she
with great insight at the age of twenty-two
perceived the genius of her
suitor of twenty-five.
In the letter In which she took leave
of her admirer she used these signifi
cant expressions. "Cultivate the mild
er dispositions of your heart, subdue
the more extravagant visions of the
brain. . . . Genius will render you
great May virtue render you be
loved! 'Let your light shine before
men' and think them not unworthy
this trouble."
Many years after, when Carlyle
wrote his reminiscences, he described
the episode. He sayB that Margaret
Gordon "continued for perhaps some
three years a figure hanging more or
less In my fancy, on the usual roman
tic and latterly quite elegiac and si
lent terms."
The real Interest of the story is this,
Was Margaret Gordon the sole orig
inal of the Blumlne or "Sartor Resar
tus?" One critic would have us an
swer that although Jane Welsh might
have Inspired some of the details, it
was Margaret Gordon who was the
true original.
When Scot Meets Scot.
A Scottish farmer was one day sell
ing some wool to a carrier, and aftei
weighing it in the yard he went lntc
the house to make out an Invoice
Coming back he missed a cheese which
had been standing on a shelf behind
the outer door and glancing at the bag
of wool he observed that it had sud
denly increased in size. "Man," he
said to the carrier, "I hae clean for
gotten the weight o' that bag. Let's
pit it on the scales again." The car
rier could not refuse. Being duly
weighed, the bag was found to be
heavier by the weight of the cheese
InBlde. A new invoice was made out,
and the crestfallen carrier went away
The farmer's wife at once missed the
cheese, and, rushing to the yard, told
her husband that some thief had stol
en the cheese. "Na, na, Meg," replied
the farmer quickly; "I hae just selt
the cheese for twa shillln's the pund."
St John (N. B.) Telegraph.
, Was It a Dark Horse?
An ex-bookmaker tells this one: One
day in the palmy days of horse-racing,
he was operating a book at one of the
western racetracks. There had been
considerable betting on the third race
of the day, and Just before pest time
an excited rural-looking individual
rushed up to the stand with a roll of
bills In his hand. The man shouldered
several fellows out of line and posted
himself li front of the stand, but then
seemed to lose himself in his reflec
tions.
"Well, come on," exclaimed the
bookmaker. "Don't stand there. Who
do yea want to bet on?"
"Mister," sighed the man, "I can't
tell you. It'i a secret" Loulsriiir
Times,
THE NEW PERKINS HOTEL
Special Summer Rates
Court Room, Single, 75c Double, $1.
Outiide Room, Single, Double, $1.50
(llitli prlvll.'ito Induilml)
Roomi with Private Bath, Single,
$1.50; Double, $2.00.
(When you nirltr Auk tht Clerk fur
ttummor 1ULJ.)
Auto-llm llnti Tmlm.
All Cin from Union Deuot rit Our Doon.
NEW PERKINS HOTEL
Cor. Wulilmrlon A Fifth 3t PORTLAND. OKE
New Houston Hotel
SIXTH AND EVKUKTT s'TS.
Four Blocki from Union Sttlon. Umlor nw
management. All roomi newly dcuruUd.
SPECIAL RATES BY WEEK OR MONTH
Kates 50c. 73c, $1, $1.50 Per Day.
Portland Y.M, C. A, Mo School
Day and nleht clnssmi. Expert training
In repairlnu, driving and mochlni work,
Including fora-c, lnth, Htmpvr. drill pn'M,
tractor, tc. Timo unlimited. COMl'K
TKNT CHAUFmiHH AND MECHAN
ICS SUi'l'UKD. WKITii US.
If you cannot come to
Purtlnnd to K"t your
ey llttrd, I will s?nd
you my method or ut
ihff )y by mail. Not
art desirable aa person
al service but much
better than ifoinjr with
out tf!anne needed or
trying to ht youraelf.
Outfit sent on application.
STAPLES, the Jew.
tier-Optician, 206 Morrison at., Portland, Oregon
FISK TEACHERS AGENCY. '
Trachera for all kinds of teaching- poaitlona.
Prompt replies to all inquiries. We fnrniMh tha
bHt tuihi.rn for all Dositiond. Send adHrcH! nnd
we will mall you full particulars. J. N. ELLIOTT,
514 Journal tildg., Portland, Orogon.
TheVar Children of Paris.
How beautiful they are, the war
children! How well cared for, how
thriving, and how showered with love!
Their prolonged siestas in the Bols or
in the gardens have freshened the
bloom of their cheeks. Their immacu
late plnk-and;whitene8s Beems to tes
tify to the girl mother's loving care of
the now sovereign baby who for two
years has had no rival. The mother's
entire time is devoted to His Majesty,
the baby, nor is he ever forgotten ex
cept occasionally when her thoughts
wandering to the absent one, she ,
traces in the baby's dimpled face the
sometimes fugitive, sometimes strik
ing resemblance to his soldier-father.
Sacred moments these when in the
twilight the curly head and downy
cheek resolve themselves into the pale
or sunburnt features of one "some
where in France." Cartoons Maga
zine. Start the year by getting Hanford's
Balsam. You will find frequent usa
for it, Adv.
Gypsies Use Automobiles.
"Even gypsies are abandoning
horses for motors," says the July Pop
ular Mechanics Magazine. "A band
of about 40 of these nomads recently
visited Columbus, Ohio, traveling in
three covered automobiles which had
been purchased a short time before.
Each motor was fitted up in true gipsy
fashion, and portions of the tops were
painted in the bright colors character
istic of the familiar gypsy wagons.
In all, three families Inhabited the
three car3. The sage of the group
was a woman 75 years old; tho young
est of the children was three months
old."
The Best Liniment.
For falls on icy walks, sprains and
bruises, rub on aud rub in Hanford's
Balsam of Myrrh. Apply this liniment
thoroughly and relief should quickly
follow. Adv.
The Usual Way.
Out of a letter that came to us the
other day we grab this little bit:
You can tell a man your troubles,
You can weep and moan and wail,
You can tell him you'll go bankrupt,
That you'll maybe go to jail.
You can tell your inmost secret,
You can bare your life's one blot
And he'll say: "I want to help you,
But what assets have you got?"
Detroit Free Press.
Nervy.
"That fellow's got his nerve with
him!"
"What's the matter now?"
"He actually asked me to lend him
a couple of gallons of gasoline until
next Saturday." Detroit Free Press.
The Smile of Serenity.
"That man is surely an optimist."
"How do you know?"
"He smiles continually."
"Maybe he's an optimist and maybe
he's a diplomat." Washington Star.
HELP YOUR
STOMACH
TO DO ITS WORK
NATURALLY
NORMALLY
IS NATURE'S
"FIRST AID" IN
STOMACH OR
BOWEL DISORDERS
V &
TRY IT
1