The Maupin times. (Maupin, Or.) 1914-1930, January 07, 1916, Image 5

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    GALE PLAYS HAVOC
AT
One Killed, Many Injured and
Property Damaged.
GALE BREAKS RECORD EOR 127. YEARS
Plate Glass Windows Shattered and
Business Signs Blown Away
' Apartment House Falls.
Ban Francisco. Life, limb and prop
erty paid tribute here Sunday night
to a storm Bald by the weather bureau
officials to be the severest that has
Tisited San Francisco for 27 years.
Seventy-five miles an hour was the
velocity of the wind at 5 o'clock off
Point Reyes, and 60 miles an hour off
Point Lobos, one of the portals of the
Golden Gate.
Henry Chilson, of Los Angeles, was
killed here by the storm. Chilson and
his wife came here to visit the Pan
ama-Pacific exposition and were to
have returned to Los Angeles. He
was knocked down by a falling adver
tising sign, suffered a broken spine
and fractured skull and died half an
hour later.
Numerous' injuries were reported
from flying signs and other debris
blown loose by the howling southerly
gale.
The wind was especially severe on
plate-glass windows, more than 100 of
which were reported as having been
blown In. One window, on the 17th
story of an office building, was blown
from Its frame and stuck like a jack-
knife In a door at the opposite side of
the room.
The storm kicked up a heavy sea
on San Francisco bay and ferry traf
fic was maintained with difficulty. In
several cases whole seas swept the
lower decks of the ferryboats, and
many of the passengers became sea
sick and others engaged themselves In
prayer.-
Several coasters that tried to put
to sea turned back after getting
taste of the wind's velocity outside
the heads.
The property loss caused by the
storm included the destruction of an
' untenanted two-story frame apart
ment house, which collapsed under the
pressure of the wind. There were no
casualties.
Thirty
Warships of Allies Land
Large force on Grecian Soil
NORTHWEST MARKET REPORTS;
GENERAL CROP CONDITIONS
RRIGATONISTS
CONVENE
London. A dispatch from Athens
reports the arrival In the Gulf of Or-
fano (an arm of the Aegean Sea), of
30 large transports full of troops,
which began to disembark immediate
ly. An Athens paper says martial law
will be declared January 15, and that
the Chamber of Deputies has been
summoned to meet on the 17th to rat
ify the proclamation thereof.
The Athens correspondent of the
Dally Mail has had an interview with
King Constantine. The king said:
"There never was any reason for
the suspicion with which we were
treated. There were a number of small
difficulties with the French and Eng
lish, but we will do all possible to
bring about a complete understanding
with the allies. We have no desire
but to accord you every facility. The
possible umbrage which I felt at some
of your actions has quite passed as a
result of the harmony prevailing at
Salonlki. But I will not be forced out
of my neutrality."
Seattle Coaster Is Killed When Sled
flits Auto; Tacoma Coasters Hurt
Seattle, Wash. One boy was killed
and several others were injured Sun
day as the result of coasting accidents
on Seattle's steep snow-covered hills.
Russell Marvin, 11, was killed when
his sled ran Into an automobile.
Sidney Greenburg, 11, suffered a
broken leg as the result of a collision
between two sleds.
Tacoma, Wash. Three serious ac
cidents on one hill, all occurring with
in an hour Sunday night, resulted from
the first coasting this season in Ta
coma. Two of the accidents resulted
in broken legs and the third in a frac
tured knee cap. Those injured were
James DavUon, A. M. Cook and Rus
sell Knewland, all young men.
Portland Wheat Bluestem. $1 oer
bushel; fortyfold, $1; club, 97c; red
rue, 95c; red Russian, 95c.
Hay Eastern Oregon timothy, $17
17.60 per ton; valley timothy, $14
14.6U; alfalfa, $16 17; oats and
vetch, $13.
Millfeed Spot prices: Bran, $22
per ton; shorts, $23; rolled barley,
$2930.
Corn White, $35 per ton; cracked,
$36.
Vegetables Artichokes, $1.10 per
dozen; tomatoes, California, $1.50
1.75; cabbage, 90c per hundred; ear-
lie, 15c per pound; peppers, 1012Jc;
eggplant, 10c; sprouts, 8c; horserad
ish, 8Jc; cauliflower, 75c$1.25 per
dozen; celery, 5090c; beans, 2J5c
per pound; lettuce, $22.75 per crate;
peas, 16c per pound.
ween fruits rears, M (Hi l.c-u per
box; grapes, $6 per barrel; cranber
ries, $1014.50.
Potatoes Oregon, $11.15; Yaki-
as, $1.151.25 per sack; sweets,
$2.602.75 per hundred.
Onions Oregon, buying price, $1.25
f. o. b. shipping point.
Apples Spitzenbergs, extra fancy,
$2.25; fancy, $2; choice, $1.251.60;
Jonathans, extra fancy, $1.50; fancy,
$1.25; choice, $1; Yellow Newtowns,
extra fancy, $2; fancy, $1.75; choice,
$11.25; Baldwin, extra fancy, $1.50;
fancy, $1.25; choice, $1; . russets,
orchard run, $1.
Eggs Oregon ranch, candled, 83
35c per dozen; Oregon storage, 22
23c.
Poultry Hens, small, 12 13c;
large, 1314c; springs, 1213Jc; tur
keys, live, 1819c; turkeys, dressed,
choice, 24c; ducks, 1215c; geese, 10
llc.
Butter City creamery, cubes, ex
tras, selling at 28c; firsts, 261c;
prints, and cartons, extra. Prices
paid to producers ; Country creamery,
2226c; butterfat, No. 1, 28c; No. 2,
26c.
Veal Fancy, llj12c per pound.
Pork Fancy, 774c per pound.
Hops 1915 crop, 810Jc per pound.
Wool Eastern Oregon, 1825c per
pound; valley, 2526c; fall lambs'
wool, 25c; mohair, Oregon, 28c.
Cascara Bark Old and new, 8J4c
per pound.
Cattle Market steady. Steers,
choice, $7.257.50; good, $77.25;
medium, $6.607; cows, choice, $5.25
5.75; good, $55.25; medium, $4.76
5; heifers, choice, $5.506; good,
$4.755; bulls, choice, $3.504.50;
stags, choice, $55.25.
Hogs Market steady. Prime light,
$6.156.25; prime strong, weights, $6
6.10; good to prime mixed, $5.65(5)
5.90; rough heavy packing, $4.81
pigs and skips, $55.25.
Sheep Market steady. Choice
spring lambs, $7.25 7.60; common
spring lambs, $6.256.60; choice year
ling wethers, $6.266.75; old weth
ers, $66.25; choice light ewes, $5.26
5.50; good ewes, $4.765.25; com
mon heavy ewes, $4.264.75.
Tacoma's Apple Crop Nearly Gone,
Tacoma Home-grown apples are
about gone for the season, say local
commission men. Supplies on hand
now are going at a better price and
this increases the sales of Eastern
Washington apples, which were held
back earlier in the season because of
low prices of the home product The
crop of local apples was a good one
this season and many apples were sold,
the dealers and growers both benefit
ing. Eastern Washington apples hold
steady.
Grapes are reported gone for the
season. The noiiaay trace cleaned up
what supplies were on hand and deal
ers say the weather is too cold now to
bother with such a commodity. This
season saw more grapes sold on the
local market than ever before. There
were many varieties offered and all
were of an exceptional quality mat
was maintained throughout the season.
One of the features of the season was
the way in which the grapes were
packed for the holidays, some coming
in cork-packed kegs and others in lug
boxes.
Vegetables with the exception of
the root varieties are gone and there
is no damage to be expected from cold
weather. Shipments of tomatoes from
California are becoming smaller.
Sweet potatoes are arriving regularly.
Netted GemJ spuds are firm at $23 a
ton.
Much Swampy Land May
Made Quite Productive.
Urge State Guaranty of Bonds for New
Projects With Cheap Money
Rural Credits Included.
WORK IS ONLY FAIRLY BEGUN
Lands Too Wet for Profitable Produc
tion of Crops Should Be Drained
Improves Soil by Making It
More Porous and Friable..
Huerta'i Illness Serious.
El Paso, Tex. General Vlctoriano
Huerta, ex-provislonal president of
Mexico, who underwent an operation
here Sunday, was pronounced In a ser
ious condition by his physician, Dr.
If. P. Schuster. General Huerta, who
had been ill for some time with what
the physicians described as jaundice,
was operated on for gallstones. It was
announced after the operation that the
physicians found symptoms of a more
complicated disease than formerly dis
closed, and expressed fear for his re
covery.
Creamery Butter Drops.
Tacoma Fresh Washington cream
ery butter declined this week 8 cents a
pound. The drop is attributed to a
heay production of second grade but
ter. Many of the factories in Wash
ington that have been closed down for
weeks for repairs are again in opera
tion. The demand is steady and no
further change in prices is expected
soon. Fresh Oregon butter is quoted
at about the same prices as the Wash
ington product Washington butter is
offered at 2930 cents a pound and the
Oregon commodity at 2830 cents.
Portland Co-operation among all
interests affected in irrigation enter
prises and government and state guar
antees of interest on bond iBsues are
the features on which are centered
the deliberations of the Fifth An
nual Oregon Irrigation congress, in
session here this week The Jones bill,
which proposes to provide for govern
mental underwriting of irrigation
bonds, will be an active issue. A sen
timent to promote the movement pro
viding for an initiative law to get the
state to make guarantees also was evident.
E. G. Hopson, consulting engineer
for the United States reclamation
service, spoke in behalf of a movement
to put irrigation enterprises on a
firmer basis than they have occupied
under the Carey act. More co-opera
tion among state, Federal and individ
ual interests, and to establish the con
fidence of Eastern investors in irriga
tion enterprises, he said, were prime
necessities. He said Western irriga
tion enterprises needed to be popular
ized in the minds of Western people,
as well as Eastern investors. He de
clared he believed few enterprises
henceforth would be developed by pri
vate capital.
"Congress will give aid sooner when
it feels that the Western states are co
operating dollar for dollar," he said.
Governor James Withycombe spoke
in a similar vein .on co-operation and
urged the reduction of overhead expen
ses in handling projects.
"The land must be made available
for the man with $500 as much as for
the man with $5000," he declared.
The Oregon Irrigation congress sub
stantially committed itself to this line
of action in the unanimous demonstra
tions that followed the recommenda
tions of Senator I. N. Day and other
speakers before its second day meet
ing.
L. A. Hunt, of Lower Bridge, said
that a resolution embodying this idea
had already been prepared and submit
ted to the resolutions committee and
will be introduced in the report of the
committee.
It was Senator Day's ' address that
crystallized the sentiments that have
been expressed since the beginning of
the congress and directed them into a
definitely indicated line of action.
Plainly and unequivocally he de
clared himBelf in favor of Btate guar
antee of irrigation and drainage bonds,
and in favor of the enactment of a law
providing for the establishment of a
system of rural credits.
"To secure cheap money for the de
velopment of irrigation and drainage,
he said, "the security must be ample
and the payment of interest sure.
This can be secured only by either the
nation or the state standing back of
the projects.
"Why wait action of congress?
Why not unite with the farmer of
Western Oregon and put the state
back of the bonds? The bonds, to get
the United States back of them, must
be good; then why, if the bonds are
good enough for the United States, are
they not good enough for the state?
"When you have brought water to
the land, you must have a man to farm
it, and how is he to get and pay for it?
He cannot pay for discounted bonds,
high interest charge and short-term
payments.
"Before any progress can be had in
that direction, Bome system of farm
credit must be adpoted which will ad
mit of his purchasing on long term,
easy payments.
"Rural credits are essential to the
success of any irrigation scheme on an
extensive scale.
"We have Eastern Oregon asking
for aid for drainage, and both wanting
cheap money. We have many men
seeking homes. Why not unite all
these and seek relief through the bal
lot?
"Why not put the state back of
these projects?"
Mr. Day agreed with the other
speakers at the congress that the
Jones bill providing for government
backing of irrigation projects is an ex
cellent bill and expressed the hope
that it way be passed by congress.
But if it fails," he cried, "are you
members of this Irrigation Congress
going to let even another year elapse
before taking steps to secure the relief
that the situation demands? .
"The thing to do is to stop marking
time and get into a, united campaign to
carry through the measure which, Dy
Fleeing Launch Captured.
San Diego, Cal. The launch Calyp
so, which sailed from San Pedro De
cember 27, the crew of which 1b sought
by the deputy United States marshal
at Los Angeles, is in the custody of
the cruiser New Orleans at La Paz,
Lower California, according to a ra
diogram received here. The Calypso
was held at San Pedro under an ad
miralty libel instituted by the Stand
ard Oil company and the San Pedro
Iron Works, when, it is alleged, the
crew forcibly took possession from
the deputy United States marshal and
put to sea.
Chicago Thieves Busier.
Chicago. One million, five hundred
thousand dollars was stolen In Chica
go during 1915, according to figures
compiled from police records. This
was $300,000 more than the tribute
levied by thieves on Chicago's public
during the year preceding.
Chief of Police Healey has asked
the council for 1000 additional patrol
men, and he Is confident there will be
a considerable decrease in crime If
his request is granted.
Bean Prices Highest in Years.
The bean market of California Is
now in a peculiar condition, according
to reports from that state. The
prices asked are the highest in years,
and the high prices are not accom
panied y any scarcity of beans. Be
cause of the increased acreage put to
beans this year, together with a most
bountiful crop, more beans were har
vested in California than in many
years. Most of this crop now is in the
warehouses. According to a Sacramen
to bean expert, almost all the whole
salers have filled their warehouses.
Market Oats in East.'
There was a fair prospect for a time
that Pacific Coast oats, as well as
wheat might be marketed in the East
It was this posBibility-that caused the
recent firmness in local markets, but
with the weakening of Eastern prices,
most of the gain was lost here. Prices,
however, are close to the point that
would make such shipments possible,
and with a little advance in the East
sales of the best Northwestern oats
may be madejor shipment. there.
insuring Btate backing of the projects,
will make possible the development
immediately of the irrigation and
drainage projects of the state."
J. T. Hinkle,. who preceded Mr.
Day, had touched upon the apparent
lack of public sympathy with the irri
gation movements, and the failure of a
bill embodying much the ideas ad
vanced by Mr. Day to be carried in the
last election by a referendum vote.
Mr. Day replied to this by asserting
that public sentiment has to be edu
cated, and that if the irrigationists let
a single set-back Btop -them they will
never get what they are after.
O. C. Leiter, secretary of the reso
lutions committee of the congress, ad
dressed publicly before the congress,
questions to Mr. Day, C. C. Chapman
and Mr. Hinkle.
He asked Mr. Hinkle if the bill he
had mentioned had been supported by
an active campaign, to which Mr.
Hinkle replied negatively. He asked
C. C. Chapman if the Chabmer of Com
merce would favor any kind of a meas
ure providing for rural credits and
state guarantee of irrigation and
drainage bonds, and if before the ad
journment of the congress the Cham
ber would indicate the nature of a bill
it would lend its support and indorse
ment
Mr. Chapman, while expressing
doubt that the Chamber would give
hasty decision in favor of any resolu
tion the congress might see fit to
adopt, believed that it would give the
most careful consideration to any
measure proposed and take the posi
tion which seemed beBt for the State
of Oregon at large.
He said that he believed the Cham
ber would not indorse the measure un
til the form of the bills proposed had
been submitted to it.
O. Laugaard asserted that he had in
formation from officials of the Cham
ber to the effect that it will probably
support any action taken by the con
gress, but recommended that the bill
be prepared first and then submitted
to the Chamber for its indorsement
The responses of Senator Day to in
quiries from Mr. Leiter brought out a
definite outline of procedure whereby
the measures might be passed by the
people of the state of Oregon.
Mr. Day urged that a joint commit
tee, composed of representatives from
the Irrigation congress and farmers of
the Willamette valley interested in
drainage, granges and Farmers' un
ions, be organized to prepare a draft
of bills providing for the state guaran
tee of bonds and the development of a
system of rural credits.
This committee would also circulate
petitions to put the measure on the
ballot and raise, by soliciting subcrip-
tions, a fund of $5000 to conduct the
campaign in its behalf.
"Will Mr. Day help such a move
ment financially - and personally?'
asked Mr. Leiter.
Whether the measure be adopted
or not, whether the people pass the
bill or not, I am for this measure,
replied Mr. Day.
"I am willing to go in, if the move
ment is initiated, and give to the sup
port of the bill all the time and means
Ijim able, to carry it through. The
man who wants to take up a measure
for the benefit of the state until he is
certain of success immediately is of
little use, and I would just as leave
pioneer this bill as any other that
means the development of Oregon and
the bettering of the conditions of liv
ing for its citizens."
The whole attitude of the congress
during the discussion was intensely
enthusiastic and, while the movement
in support of the Jones bill will go on
probably as powerfully as ever, the
disposition of the congress, as a result
of the session, appears to be to pro
ceed along the lines of state aid at the
same time, so that if the Jones bill
fails, it still will have a definite and
constructive program to carry forward
The principal resolutions will prob
ably be those indorsing the Jones bill.
and urging the organization of a cam
paign for the proposed state measure.
The engineering and legal phases of
irrigation development were consid
ered at the morning session, the prin
cipal speakers being Judge Carroll S,
Graves, of Seattle; Attorney General
G. M. Brown, and L. M. Rice, irriga
tion engineer, of Seattle.
O. Laurgaard spoke in the afternoon
on "Is the Irrigation District a Solu
tion of the Problem?" and he also
gave a brief report of the meeting of
the International Irrigation congress
in San Francisco December 2 and 8,
Hotels to Charge Extra.
Washington, D. C Complaints re
garding the unprecedented increase in
hotel rates in St. Louis for Democratic!
National convention week in June
have been received at the White
House. The reports indicate that the
St Louis hotel men are demanding cer
tified checks in advance covering half
the cost of reservations before they
will close contracts. It is estimated
here that $16,000 will have to be put
up by delegates and others attending
the convention more than five months
in advance.
All OF DRAINAGE
Be
(Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
By simple drainage much of the wet
swampy farm land which cannot be
cultivated in Its present condition
may be made productive. There
also many a piece of culti
vated land which is not producing
what It could be made to do if it were
properly drained. Indeed, according
to the department's specialists, drain
age in the United States is only fairly
begun, and Its immense possibilities
are but little known. Farmers' Bulle
tin No. 624 of the United States de
partment of agriculture discusses this
subject In some detail.
Lands that are too wet for the most
proflable production of crops, such as
wet level land, low spots, and the dry
subsoils of flat areas on the summits
of knolls, river and creek bottoms, and
peat bogB, should be drained. Even
uplands may often be drained with
profit, especially hillsides subject to
erosion or inclined to be "spouty." In
deed, drainage Is profitable wherever
It is necessary to the fullest use of the
land. It is not uncommon for lands
too wet for cultivation to produce,
when drained, 60 to 70 bushels of corn
or oats or from one to one and a half
bales of cotton to the acre. On much
of the drained land the increase of
yield is from 25 to 100 per cent, and
by the increased yield and decreased
cost of cultivation the value of the
land Is often doubled.
Improves the Soli.
Drainage improves the physical con
ditlon of the soil by making it more
porous and friable. Thus stiff soils
are made more easy to work. The
roots of plants are given a greater
feeding depth by the lowering of the
water level tnd hence the ability of
crops to utilize moisture Is increased,
Well-drained soils absorb more rain
fall than undralned soils, thus de
creasing erosion and damage by floods.
Drainage warms the soil. Heat
from the sun acts directly upon the
soil when excessive moisture is re
moved by drainage. This 1b notice
able in the North, where the planting
season Is from one to two weeks
earlier on drained land than on sim
ilar land when undralned. . The dan
ger of damage by frost both in the
spring and in the fall is reduced.
Warming of the soil also causes the
seed to germinate more readily, there
by giving a better stand of crops and
causing the plants to grow more
promptly.
Drained land can be plowed earlier
in the spring than undralned land.
Crops can be cultivated sooner after
necessitate a diversion from the nat
ural watercourse.
Use of Open Ditches.
When the ditch runs through a field,
the earth should be leveled back from
the bank, so that no more ground
than is necessary will be lost from
cultivation. When the value of the
land Is high, the open ditch should
not be used where It is practicable to
use tile. In the middle West tiles as
large as three feet in diameter are fre
quently used, and, being covered over,
they do not occupy tillable land or
divide a field. Where properly laid,
thera is little danger of the tiles fill
ing and practically no maintenance
cost. Because water runs faster
through tiles they can be much small
er than the ojen ditch. The latter,
however, has an advantage in holding
Fig. 2.-
more water after a rain, though, per
haps, not carrying more. The farmer
Is In a position to judge for himself
when it is profitable to use tile.
wmmmkl
Fig. 1. Field Needing Drainage,
San Francisco Is First.
San Francisco San Francisco was
ranked first among 18 leading cities
the United States in expenditures for
school improvements and equipment!
and 13th in the amount spent
operation for each pupil, according
figures announced Thursday by persons
interested in a survey of the city
schools to be undertaken soon by Phi
lander O. Claxton, United States com
missioner of education. The statistics
were compiled by the Russell Sage
Foundation during a survey of schools
in Cleveland.
Immunity Is Insisted On.
Washington, D. C. When Repre
sentative Buchanan heard of his in
dictment in New York on charges in
connection with the activities of La
bor's National Peace council, he said
that If be enjoyed any congressional
immunity from arrest be intended to
insist on it that he might press his
impeachment charges against the U.
S. attorney now pending in the house
judiciary committee "I don't know
what they charge me with," he said,
"and I have done nothing I would, not
do again if I had the opportunity."
Second Academy Opposed.
Washington, D. C Secretary Dan
iels let it be known that he will report
adversely on the bill which Senator
Phelan intends to introduce, '. authoriz
ing the establishment of a naval acad
emv on the Pacific Coast The secre
tary has already recommended the en!
largement of the Annapolis Naval
Academy to accommodate 300 addi
tional midshipment. He intimated,
however, that if the nations of Europe
did not subscribe to a plan of disarma
ment the United States would need a
second naval academy.
a rain, ana it covered tile drains are
used Instead of open ditches machln
ery can be used to better advantage
and the cost of cultivation decreased.
Health conditions are also Improved
by the drainage of swamps and stand
ing water. The breeding places for
mosquitoes are removed, with the con
sequent abolishment of malaria in the
locality.
Practical System.
The most practical drainage system
Is one that is adequate, permanent,
uses the least possible land, and is
not a hindrance to cultivation. Tile
drains which empty into either open
or closed outlets most, nearly provide
such a system. By the open-ditch sys
tem much valuable land Is occupied,
tho drainage Is seldom thorough, and
(ho ditches become filled and have to
be cleaned out. Open ditches some
times occupy as much as ten per cent
and frequently five per cent of the
area drained. Thus It is that tile
drains, while more expensive to In
stall, are generally the most econom
ical In the end.
In laying out a drainage system
the outlet Is the first consideration
On rolling or hilly lands channels
have usually been washed out, al
though they may need to be straight-
oned and cleaned out. On low, level
land It is usually necessary to dig
open ditches, and they should be
straight and deep, since curves check
the flow of water, while in a deep ditch
wator generally flows more rapidly
and less vegetation Is likely to be
present. The outlets should be deep
enough to take care of the flow from
branch drains, which may necessarily
be placed low to secure sufficient
fall.
Open ditches work well with a drop
of four feet to the mile, although
some, of necessity, have no more than
one foot drop. In loamy soils subject
to freezing the sides of the ditch
should have a slope of 45 degrees, in
sandy soils a greater slope, while In
stiff soils subjected to llttlo freezing a
less slope will do.
Outlet ditches should usually follow
the natural course of the water, al
though efficiency and economy mav
SAVING THAT COUNTS
SMALL ECONOMIES CUT DOWN
HOU8EHOLD EXPEN8E3.
Housewife's Part Is to Make Small In.
come Go as Far as Possible, and
Thought in That Direction
Is Well Expended.
It Is the small economies that make
big savings possible, and the house
wife who scorns the pennies will never
possess many dollars. Nowadays big
salaries are not so common as we
should like to have them, and the aver
age man must struggle along as best
he can on Just a living wage. In these
hard times it Is the wife's part to
make the small Income go Just as far
as she can, and only by strict atten
tion to the trifles as well as to big
expenses, can she put by any money
at all.
The man whose wife has been
brought up on the old adage, "Look to
the pennies and the dollars will take
care of themselves" may well thank
his lucky stars that he captured such
a prize, for such women are rare. In
deed, in these days of thriftless, care
less housewives. Such a woman, who
lives up to her belief that "a penny
saved is a penny earned," is Indeed
the better half of any man.
After all, the poor husband can only
bring In the family earnings. He can
not make them stretch over all the
household expenses, with a little to
spare to bank for rainy days. That
Is the wife's share in the partnership,
and often it is the hardest.
Housewives, yours Is the part to
save here and pinch there, that the
weekly stipend may be enough to pro
vide for your needs. If your husband's
salary seems all too little, look about
you to see where you can lower ex
penses. Since the salary cannot be
PROFIT FROM ALFALFA ACRE enlarsed, the household expenditure
must uu Uliuiujiztiu.
m ml
-Same Field After Being Tile
Drained.
Groatest, Most Profitable and Produc
tive Swine Forage Test Made'
at Iowa Station.
(By JOHN M. BVVARD, Chief In Swine
Production, Animal Husbandry Section,
lowa Experiment Station.)
Recently there was returned a profit
of a little over (250 for the operations
carried on an acre of alfalfa; the corn
was charged at 60 cents, and the hogs
sold for $7,
Now these are the returns for the
happy combination of self-fed corn
and an acre of Belt-fed alfalfa, taking
young growing fattening pigs to the
weight of 250 pounds, no charge being
made for the alfalfa. Charge the al
falfa at $10 an acre and there remains
$240 pork values (assuming no loss of
pigs) over and above feed costs. Labor
Is arbitrarily assumed to be offset by
the manurial residues remaining; of
course a charge of $1 a pig labor could
"Waste not, want not" Is another
proverb which might well be adopted
as a motto by the American housewife,
tor It Is well known that in no other
country in the world is there so much
waste In the household as In America.
Even our thriftiest housewife, one
who would be considered a model as
compared with others, would be
amazed could she be transported Into
the kitchen of a French woman. For It
Is In the kitchen where the greatest
waste goes on, and It is there whero
the French housewife displays the
most thrift.
Our model housekeeper would be
considered extravagant by the average
peasant woman of France or Germany.
In these countries the women utilize
every bit of food that comes Into the
house. In the poorest homes as well
as In the homes of those who have
comfortable means, there Is always to
be found a huge pot on the back of the
be charged and still leave for the Ltovej or In tha pea8ant's kitchen hang-
acre's operation a net return of (206,
The alfalfa acre carried 44 pigs on
the average from weaning to market,
these pigB finishing at 250 pounds,
fat and high-dressing. No alfalfa, of
course, was left on the acre; It was
all pastured. This is not the best prac
tice, but It shows what corn on an al
falfa acre will do when the corn
well as the alfalfa Is pushed to the
limit,
These pigs gained 1.46 pound a day
during the entire grazing season of
140 days, requiring 387 pounds of corn
feed for a hundred pounds gain, this
costing $4.14 with 60-cent corn. The
charge for alfalfa on the basis of a
hundred pounds gain amounts to $.12
(12 cents), making a total cost of
$4.26.
After paying for the alfalfa and
crediting all the profits to the corn
the net return per bushel was, with
$7 hogs, almost a dollar, or exactly
98.5 cents.
But let us remember that alfalfa in
Itself will not net $250 on the acre, or
corn alone 98.5 cents to the bushel
when fed to (7 hogs.
It is the very happy combination of
self-fed corn and self-fed alfalfa that
does these things.
The cost of gains with 60-cent corn,
and $10 alfalfa at $4.25 perhaps tells
the story best although it is well to
bear in mind that after all 1b Bald and
done In the swine forage story that
corn and alfalfa are pre-eminently the
most profitable corn belt doublet of
economic- feeds that It Is possible to
grow and fatten swine on,
Alfalfa Is our greatest, most produc
tive,' most profitable swine forage and
corn Is our greatest, most productive,
most profitable swine growing feed,
Why not plan the swine feeding with
alfalfa and corn as the basal feeds?
lng on a book In the fireplace. This
is the potage pot, or soup pot, and
Into It go all the scraps which are
left over meat, vegetables, bones,
everything.
Another pot, kept near at hand, is
for fats. When the soup Is skimmed,
the fat Is thrown Into the other pot
Bits of fat from meat, drippings, the
fat left in roasting pans, all fat (ex
cept mutton or lamb tallow), Is thrown
into the fat pot, where it Is melted
down, made Into clarified fat, and used
In place of lard. No French woman
would think of buying lard, in fact, she
would be rather horrified at the Idea,
for the homemade, clarified fat Is con
sidered, and is far superior to the lard
sold In the Bhops.
The casserole dish, too, comes from
this land of provident housewives.
When there Is the will to save, the
way usually is found, and the casserole
Is one of the results. We American
women should take a leaf from the
note books of our French cousins and
learn where and how to save.
Roast Beef and Nut Hash.
Hash In Pastry Ramekins. Chop
remains of dbld roast beef fine; season
to taste, add minced onion, cook slow
ly (adding little water or milk) until
mixture thickens. Have ready baked
Individual pastry shapes; fill these
with hash, dot with butter. Stand In
oven until browned. Serve hot
Nut Hash. Mix thoroughly one cup
ful chopped walnuts and peanuts
mixed, one cupful bread crumbs and
one cupful nicely seasoned hot mashed
potatoes; add milk to moisten; brown
in oven. Serve with cream of tomato
sauce.
VALUE OF HAWKS AND BIRDS
Much of Their Food Found to B
Field Mice, Grasshoppers, Crick
ets and Other tnseots.
Dr. C. Hurt Merrtam says that the
popular notions about hawks and
birds for the slaughter of which many
states gave bounties, are altogether
erroneous. Ninety-five per cent of
their food was found to be field mice
grasshoppers, crickets, etc., which
were Infinitely more Injurious to farm
crops than they.
The charges against crows are that
they eat corn and destroy eggs, poul
try and wild birds. Examination shows
that they eat noxious insects and de
structive animals, and that although
25 per cent of their food Is corn it Ib
mostly waste corn picked up In the
fall and winter. With regard to eggs,
It was found that the shells were eaten
to a very limited extent for the lime.
Celery In Butter Sauce.
Wash three bunches of celiry, cut
In pieces three Inches long, boll In
salted wator until tender and drain.
Beat the yolks of four eggs, add one
hall cupful of the coolad water In
which the celory was cooked, two
tablespoonfuls of lemon Juice, one-half
teaspoonful of onion juice, one-halt
saltspoonful of salt and a dash ot
cayenne. Cook In a double boiler un
til thick and add one-half cupful ot
butter a small piece at a time, stir
ring constantly. Arrange the celery
on - hot dish and cover with the sauce,
. Pruning Grape Vines.
As soon as the frost kills the foliage
of grape vines they may be pruned
back and laid on the ground ready to
be covered before tbe ground freezes,
Graham Pudding.
Two and a half cupfuls flour (gra
ham), one cupful sweet milk, one cup
ful molasses, one cupful raisins, two
level teaspoonfuls soda, pinch of salt
Steam two hours. I usually take two
cupfuls graham and one-half cupful
white flour. Serve with this hot sauce:
Two cupfuls milk. When hot add
one-half cupful sugar sifted with one
level teaspoonful of flour and mixed
with one beaten egg. Add a little salt
and flavor to taste. Add more sugar;
to sauce It you like It sweeter.
Mock Macaroons.
Beat the White ot one egg, and while
doing so add one cupful brown sugar,
a dash ot salt and beat till stiff. Stir
In one cupful ot chopped pecan nuts
and drop from tip ot spoon on buttered
tin about one inch apart, as they will
1 use one-half cunful of
6klm Milk Buttermilk. . .nA I think thev are dellclnua.
Skim milk buttermilk is the equal ,.n. with Ice cream In lumiw.
v. .. vixuwi Boston Globe.
Storage for Cabbages.
Where only a tew cabbages are to
be stored It Is a good plan to wrap
the heads In newspapers and put them
on shelves In cool cellar.