ine M aupin Times Published Every Friday at Maupin,'' Oregon, - - - - y -. ., . : j J. E, Disbrcw, publisher .SubcriptioiuQne Year, $l.50,x lonths 75, Three Months 50 Entered as second class rriStl matter September "CmI. at tht post office &t Maupin, Oregon,, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Local Happenings Tire settings, 75 cents per tire at A. F. Martin's. W. II. Staats was quite sick yesterday. Just that ybti may not forget it, we want to again f ernark that you Btiould be delimited that you Jive in the best county in the nnest state of the great United is'ates. Our neighbors in the iniddle west, who are indrnpri frequently to knock the Pacific Loa9t, are receiving considerable punishment th.13 year in the in tolerable weather conditions thaf yieva.uey ifi neany every section eas of the Rockey Moun- lainsk it they lived jn Central Prefon they would enjoy climat ic conditions that make crop fail uresjunknown. ' ' -'' ' I We are sure that those who have so loyally worked t,p help Keep a paper in Maupin .will be glad to iknow' that jthejr efforts have not been 'n vain. The Times plant js now entirely paid for and has ho' bills outstanding against it. ye certainly appre ciate the hearty cooperation we have met in the undertaking of publishing a paper in Mauoin and will now try, to bujld up the Piant and make needed improve ments as finance permits us, to maintain a printing plant and is sue a paper that will be a benefit to all of Southern Wascp county Perhaps Austria will be willing to pay the transportation back to Europe of her subjects whom she has forbidden to work in the munition factories of the United States, but they would be far happier to renounce their alieci arce and declare their intentions pf becoming pitiuens of the poun try whose protection affords them prosperity and peace. "I like to see a man proud of the place in which he lives. . I like to see a man liye so that his place will be proud of hirV'- Abrabanr Lincoln. . . " .. .'- "Nobody's ever whipped' or killed or fiat-busted until he says so himself and beeves it." Albert JPgan froiii Jarldmiii, Oregon, an old friend and acquain tance of W. H. Tallcott js cut this week looking after property inter ests near Wapinitia. E. J. Fispher took a load of nasseueers to The Dalles vesterdav. D. A. and Harold HI pad being 'among the number. . Mrs, F. D. Stuart 'i' mother, Mrs. Piercy and .daughter Violet came last Satiiroay ,for a visit ad are leamng for their Mosier home to. day. ' ' r Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Crabtret and France Confer and family were in attendance at the show given by the Isis Stock Co. Frida night. . 1 . Mr. and Mrs. JiiUher Haine' were in from White River for qtiar terly meeting at the F. .M. church, visititing at the R. Johnson and G. R. Ellis homes, also selling Dr Koch's remedies. Mr. Burke and Little Merilda Schouinard left Saturday for Dayton, Oregon, where Merilda will stay with Mrs. Burke this winter and attend school A brother of J. E. Miller who carries the Criterion uiajl arrived here from Independence Tuesdaj evening, having having hiked the distance across country from The Dalles. ' Mr. and Mrs. G. C. lusher re Good organ for sale cheap, Mrs. Castor, Criterion, Ore. J Will Batty came up from Port and Monday night. Make final proof before Com missioner Stuart. OREGON TRUNK RY. Central Oregon line California Tours Expositions Now At Their Best Wallace Fargher Tuesday. was in town Notarial work 'state bank. af the Maupin turned to Dufur Wednesday, Mrs. Staats and Roy Slusher accompa nying them and coming home yes terday, SJiattuck Pros, are expecting a new line of Ftill rlrv o-onrte nnH dressj goods to arrive in a short iime. Ms. T. A. Connolly, sister, Mrs. iwoliy, and iVr. Coiinolly's niece, Miss Jannion were in at tendance Saturday nitrht at the show given by the Isis Stock Co. Tommy Marshal, a well known traveling man and his new bride were week end visitors in Maupin, G. II . Woodruff and 1. W Mace of Tveh Valley and K. 'II. Sural. grass of Maupin were selected for Meptcmher crenit court, grand jur- ora. Frank Woodcock. U. S. land of fice, register, in enjoying a twi. weeks' vacation. Mr... Woodcock .'untied his Sunday apparel this I morning and paraded the. streets. Chronicle Monday. Mr. apcl'Mrs. G. W.' Vauder pool left Saturday for a visit at Dufur and are taking in Die fair at the county seat before returning home. Twp autos having tires adjusted to fit the fails passed through here hist week oyer the Oregon Trunk. Frank Fleming purchased a fine new Ford car Wednesday of the local Epfd representative, K. J. Fischer. Walter Driver' 'and wife were business .visitors liexe Tuesday, Peaches and pears, 3 gallons for 10 cents, A. A. Bonney, Tygh. -4fr-4 . Ralph Buzau and wife were call- ers in Maupin yesterday. , Horseshoes 7 cents per set at A. b. Mar(tui-'s.. . Calvin Mcfiorkle was a business visitor here Wednesday. See Fraley and VanderppoJ for auto accessories. $36.25 Round Trip From Maupin Oregon Trunk Ry,, The North Bank Road and the Palatial 6 Deck Steamships, "North ern Pacific" and "Great Northern" between Port land and San Francisco '' every Tuesrlay.Thurs day and Saturday. Fares include meals and berth on ships. Rail rates same without meals and berth. Jphn Martin and family were Maupin visitors Wednesday. The rumor s put that D. M. Shattuck is soon f,q be tiie ownei or a new caj . A Tiffany wedding ring can be bought of J;.)i)iJ).Qs the Jeweler Maupin. 'aaBODvnDawaiBoiancDaDoDaiawiipq)iDaM(iiDaaiBH(iiBi A. F. Martin Has opened his blacksmith shop in Maupin and is now pre pared to do all kinds of Blacllsmithing, Horse shoeing and General Repairing All worK done neatly and promptly at a reasonable price A fair share of the patronage is solicited Judge A , K. Lake of Wamic was in The Dalles on business Fri, lay. lien Gabel and wife and Frank Gabel and daughter morored to this city yesterday afternoon. Mr. and Mi 3. Ear! Barzee and Mr. and Mrs. Jirnest Hartman were Sunday guests in Maupin. O. M. Fraley and Frppch Butler were in Monday evening from Tjgh Valley. Mrs. Oliver mpved over- to her Tygh Valley home Wednesday Horning Wilhe'Vanderpool taking her there. Mr. antr. Mrs. ' BatiS 'Shattuck spent from Tuesday to Thursday of thi.s, week in The Dalles. Round Trip Rates East Direct or Circuit Routes to Ap point in United States or Canada Daily Until September 30 Re turn Limit October 31st. Chica go, direct, $72.50, Minneapolis, St. Paul, Duluth or Winnipeg. $60. St, Louis, $7L20. New York' $110.70. ' Go one-way via California at slightly higher rates. Stopovers pn through one-way or round tnn tickets to see the Expositions. SALEM STATE Sept. 27 to Oct. .2nd , FAIR Plan Now to Go-Daily Round Trip Fares From Central Oregon Points via Oregon Trunk Rv-, in Ef fect Sept. 23 to Oct. 2. 'TLOclEyAgentT"" Maupin, Oregon. Gq to Fischer's Garage for al your automobile accessories, gaso- uie and storage of machine. . CH AS. H. FRANCIS. M.D.;C.M j MAUPIN, OREGON , ASK 8 DODO Blacksmithing, Wagonmaking end Auto Repairing Fraley & Vanderpool Horseshoeing, Blacksmithing and Wagonmak. ing. Share grinding and sharpening. All kinds of Repair Work that will suit, With a Guarantee That Will Stick. Try us If your wagons, bug gies or hacks need overhauling, bring them in, we'll Bave you money, , , We carry a full line of Automobile Supplies and are prepared to do all kinds of Aute repair work Maupin, Ore. f. FISCHER'S GARAGE Auto Passenger Service Auto Delivery Truck Prepared for Long Trips or Outing Parties A Complete Line of Automobile Accessories 1 t MAUPIN, OREGON In"rr7l DtFjo 111111 Jim Job PrimiUkg luepairiDnnieinitt as 1 w 1 j imuflffiri)lb3r off A mud $ke(Bti PRINTED matter every week and is endeav oring'to equip for more and Better Work NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION (pi iiusiiek) Department of the Interior, United States Land Office at The Dalles, Oregon, September 1 1- 1915. NOTICE is hereby given that Ralph T. Buzan of Criterion, Ore son, who, on October 28th, 19 to, maoe Homestead fcntry, No. 07620, and on July 2nd, I9r4, made additional Homestead Entry, No. 013565, for NE1-4, Ni-2SK 1-4, Sec-9 VV1-1NW1-4, Section 10. Township 6-south, gauge 15-East, Willamette Meridian, has filed notice of intention to make Final three year Proof, to establish claim to the land above described! before F. D. Stuart, United States Com missioner, at Maupin, Oregcn, on :lie igtn day ot Uctober, 1915. Claimant names as witnesses: H. M. Green. C. A. Duus. C. G. Skoesburg. R. II. DeCarrm. ail of 'Criterion, Uregon, II. FRANK WOODCOCK, Register. i ONE ARMED OUTFIELDER t I VARSfTY STAR IN TEXAS. I 1 The tfnhcniity of Texas hag a Z f one armed mthlete who Dlavs 4 fc.iseball, basketball and is a star 1 on the cinder path. He la Dick 4 Hooper, -who is without the left $ arm rrom the elbow' down. But it Is a treat to see this hov I pliy.tbe hiflold, grab a line drive 4 ! wica me ngut paw, toss the ball a into the air, drop his glove to the Odd Happenings In the War News "ground, catch the'bali again and war Juan. As the use of eggs and milk has been prohibited for pastry, many Vienna bakeries and confectionery shops hav closed. The kaiser ias conferred the iron cross on a number of flnanclura as a reward for their nuccess In the new then heave it home. He batted .810 last summer, and thev sar he would be a big leaeuer todnr but for bis pbysicafjinndieap. NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION (publisher) Department of the Interior, United States Land Office at Tin Dalles, Oregon, September 3rd, 915. NO I ICE is herebv eiven that 5anford M. Black, of Shaniko, Or egon, who, qn June nth, 191 1, nade Homestead Enttv. No. 001 16. for NWtf. Section 10. Townsliin 7 South, Range 16 East, Willamettt Meridian, lias filed notice of in eution to njake Final tljree yeai Proof, to establish claim to tin and above described, before H. C. Hooper. U. S. Comniissioner it Antelope, Oregqu.pn fhe 18th lay ot uctooer, 1915. Uaimant names as witnesses: William F. Tohnsnn. r L. Sickles. William H. Womstaff, Arch L. Hanna, all of Shaniko. Oregi.in, H, FRANK WOODCOCK, Register. CHARLIE DOOlfj HAS CONTRACTED A TRUE THESPJAI) LANGUAGE !phe stage has surely had Jts effect on .Charlie Dooin, catcher of jhe CJncln pati Reds. He has contracted the true Thespian language and can't seenj to shake it loose. When Leon Ames nnVort him h the Cincinnati club impressed him he responded: "Ifll be a scream. Believe me, when we nut on our nef too'ii hm the curtain and take six boijrs. Betcha some jitneys right now that we',11 be fhe show, and there won',t be anybody nuns uui on us eif-oen. "All new Stuff: clean cnmorti,. dressers 911 nnd off. Say. bo, it'll be a knockout! 1 "linow the good last year. It oiighta heen played f.uV uumif uius ror chaser. But jve'vp got some good workers this f ime. They won't want to close us anywhere after the opening matinee, and any place where if Isn't a cold house we'll be a riot!" Mem. Coll, Phys, t Surg., ',' Ontario Licentiate Minnesota, and Oregon Prompt Service on Either Day or Night Calls Eyes tested, Glasses fitted Can You Do It? TEST TYPE, ol ijwv'tj-lf a nr pertly ummt ofitil.ctiy mid prist th.uA .r nut tjily TW.rt ol ,aUt frulrinr cwtoo b th hinlrtl nl Jni U ju roii..-irl hv ih,. n . iri ttjn ilitii f(,i )v miittU obi .ittd. Thu prul 1; ai 1 ir l li i IImIiI, Juimb lk ithta liom th. iuccmiert md ujin iil be pint:-;! j ;u Dr. C. II. Francis, , Opticiai That wonderful drink, Tallcott' nerta;. Don't b'nmc needs clcovinn. your dock It Emmons wil do it for you and guarantee it. A Snap An Investment thoroughly worth while is offered for .-ale for a shori time at $-'2.50 an acre. Farm ol 200 acres on part terms; 50 acre in cultivation and 75 more can In cultivated and the balance is good pasttie and woods laud. Cood buildings and fences and right tr plenty of irrigation water, All kinds of fruit. On rural mail rouie and telephone line and reasoiiabh close to school and " church. Call at the Times office. Make land filings and final proof before United States Commissions Stuart. We lead -Others follow. Lis ten! At enormous expense wt have secured a limited number ot large hand painted OIL PAINT- IN Ob ot Landscape and Marine Views, which we are iriviutr ab solutely free to our customers- bee us about it. W. H. Staats & Co. U. Johnson, Clem Matin ivs anci Wallace Fargher were pus-engep. on yesteidiv's morning train ti the Fair in The Dalles. G. W. Birgainholt, F. E. Spoor. and Mrs, Wayne Spoor weie caller u town Saturday, driving ovei from Smock Prarie. Peaches and tirnnns nt ( . u i 1 1 - neys 4 cents per gallon. NOTICE FO'4 PUBLICATION (l'lHf.tSH5R) Departnieiit of the Interior, United States Land Office at Tht Dall.es, Orchil. September -srd. NOTICE is hereby aiven tha Clarence W. Fargher, of Maupin Oregon, who, on Ueccmher 20th 1910, made Desert Land Entry, No 07841, fc,t SW- SE, Sec. 11 NWi NIJi, Section 14, Townslii 4 South, Range 14 East, Wil lamette Meridian, has filed notio of intention to npike Fina.1 deser' Proof to establish claim to the land bove described, be fore U. S. Land JtUce, at i'lie Dalles, Oregon, 01 he 2ist day of October, 1915. Claimant nanus as witnesses: Asa White, Kenneth Miller, A. vv. farglier, John iUanniou, Arw litizan, all ot Maupin, Oregon. II. FRANK WOODCQCK, Register. NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION (jlL-IU.ISHER) . Department of the Interior, United States Land Office nt T Dalles, Oregon, September aoth, 19 i.S- NOTICli is hereby given tha Charles S. Gabel, of Wapinitia Oregon, who, 011 May 7U1, 1910 made Homestead Entry No. 06708 for N 1-2 SW 1-4, N i-a SE 1-4 Section 31, Township 5 South Range 1.1 East, Willamette Meridi. lias bled notice of intention t. nake Final five year Proof, i( establish claim to the land abov Inscribed, before F. D. Stuart. U Commissioner at Muipin. Ore ron, on the 6th day of November Cliimaut names as witnesses: Herb it Hammer, Frank Gabel 3en If, Gabel, Jauie- H. Hartnu-.n. ill of Wapinitia, Oregon. THIS CARD PITCHER IS A EOTAXY PROFESSOR The "luck of Uoyd's" has beeu hold ing good uriiig the war, for despite the enormous losses to sliifipiiig it proflts approximate Ta'er cent of tba total premiums. There are .threXonps of prououaclag lrzf m'ysl, the fallen Austrian fortress, ainoiijj Its own inhabitants. In all tha 'i'7.'' .ls "sh" In EuBlish. The Germans accent the tirst syllable, the Hebrews .the Jast, while the Slays practically ttllmiuatethefnal "1." iBrltjlsh eoldlers are ilearning French rapidly. Ju ;traluiug, camps as well as lit the front thnv are irlven rpirnlnr lps. rsons in ashing in French for what rhey ui-6 moat Hkely to need. One of the fa vorite .wiys of teaching them is to hava tneni lvpeat words set to catchy music. SUBMARINE DISASTERS m LAST TEN YEARS, Up 9 .08 of F-4 This Country Hadn't Any Accident. NOTICE FOR ITBI.I0AT1ON (lTllLISIlKK) Department of the Interior, United Slates I.and Office at The Dalles, Oregon, September 30th 1915. ; NOTICE is hereby given thai tiniest Howard Taylor, of Criter ion. Oreuon. wbo nil Mnv 191 1, made Homestead Kntry No. jcjoo; and on ul 2nd, 1914, made in additional Homestead ICntry, So. 013563, for W 1-2 NW 1.4 tec 17-E 1-2 NE 1-4, NW t-4 NIC 1-4, Section 18, Township 6 South, Range is East. Willamette Meridian, has filed notice of inten tion to make Final three year t'r.of, 0 estairiisir claim to the IhihI above le-icrihed, before F. 1). Stuart, V. 1. Cnimissioner at Manoin iv. ;cn, 011 the 23rd day of October, 915 Claimant names as witnesses D ,. Rutherford, C. G. Skogslnirg. Dims, II. M. Green, all of Criterion, Oregon. One St. Lqujs Cardinal player who doesn't have to dP8wl rrpon baseball to ram Mx suiiport Is Lee Meadows, the pwle eye! wnrit nioundman who ban K-en h; subject of quiie ' few le.-itiirp stories sim e he n nnn. chiiseil tor the Cardinals by Scout Bob Coiincry last fall. In ad iiti.Mi to helii" a nitcher nf m, uniall promiso. M:iil.vs Is a botanist. While Mcjil.iws u:i-i a titudent at Hor ner Mililaiy a--it.lr.riiy in Oxford, N. C., two yule's hud he tanarht a primary plass the slud.v of nature and plant life When lie le't Oxford u join the Dur-. ham club of til,' North Carolina lencna the at -iideui.v liniifd ,,f control assured leu(lovs that tin' position as nrofen- lor of bulimy Is .mumi to him anv thnn be de.'lfle.s lo naif i.asehiill woman covvle: fVlrs. Booth of Boston Will Roll In In tarnationr.l Tenpm Tourney, Mrs ito.v liooth, who has been rec ognized as the i hampiou woman big pin bowler fur the Inst fiur years, is considered by many bowlers to be bet ter at the Karue than the average main bowler. She bowls a regulation size sixteen pound ball apd lias practically the samp delivery tl!)d speed as the rueu champions. She la a slight woman, weighing 118 pounds, but borjs with great ease and !s UP-Qwu nationally as the most re- The following ilist 9f the; principal submarine disasters in the past tea years was compiled at ' .the United States .uuJ'jvdeWtment: March IS. 1301. A-L Rrit!K. .iivoa i,,!i U: .collision, running fubmoitd; run inic by Ferwick Castle; apparently, faulty pet ' Iseope. ... if.nre 2. 30t.-)eltln. R,is.tii m' llv 1.m 9l.' ff,rrlt-r..l. J.,.11.,... nn..i .........nv.i.lL.J, UUIIH3I LtllVA III1UU , 1I1IS ,htoh left1 open: wash of imssinu ateumer w.yiacu a en aim avave cnioreu natcl. June8. 1005 A-8. HrltlKh: llrm lt IJ. foundered; running fu'.l speed 00 theVur, face: took a BUdden dive, tilled and stik. July .6, lOK-Fartadet, French: lives loii. ' 14; foundered; when submerging eonnlny tower tunics leaked; crew tried to clos and' acelrientally opened; boat filled n sank; crew responded to algnals for thlr-ty-two Ihjui's. Oct. Ill, WO,:. Lutln, .French; lives lost, , tounucre; railed to come up afser . jdlve; examination of hull showed serioiir 1 leaks. j April JO,' 1309. Foca, Italian; lives lost. 13; ptswUne eitploalon; .boat so badly dam tiBed lliat ali0iaank. June H.l, U)0. Kambala, Russian; lives lpst. 20; .collision on surface; run Into by halllQislilp at maneuvers. '' July 14, 11,09. -C-U, BrljUshi lives lost, 13 collision ; runnliii on the surface at nlsriu'; In collision with rt earner- Eddyatone; sank'. Ajirii 111, laiO.-No. 6. Japanese; all hand lost; foundered; ventilator left open, sub ,ner;?in '. May ?n. !310.ilu'vlose, French; lives lost, lK; collision; coming to surface from sub merged run: run Into by steamer Pas d Calais ; sank. June 17. U'lL-U-S, .German; Uvea lost. 3: 'foundered: ventilator net nrouerlv closed . when submerged; vessel only partly filled, , ow Uflwl and oil but three got out. AM En TITLE Ftb- l. Ifl.' A-J, British: .lives lost. 14; collision; makl.itf attack on tendej-. which w:.a under way; Jotally subrnerged; tenden n.u Into her. J.'ine S, mi Vendeniiaire, Trench; Uvea lot, 21; collision; inuklns submerged at tack on IjuttU-shlp; periscope under; com ing to surface : run down by St. Loula. Oct. 4, MU.-B-2.. British; lives lost, li, collision, running In squadron on surface r.t night; run .down by Amerlka. Juno s. 1313.-E-5, British; Uvea loat. 8; e.xpioslon; gas (heavy oil) engine explosloat In crank case: boat not sunk or badly damaged. J'tc. 10, 10J3.-C-14, British; no lives lost: collision; tunning on surface In squadron; run Into by lighter and sunk. Jan. 10, 1914.-4-7, British; lives loBt, 11; foundered; making submerged run oft" Plymouth; failed to come to surface. Up to the case of the FA tills coun try has had uo accident involving ths loss of n submarine and the dealb cf the crew. i I- is it i V A 3 y 1 ri 1 -Vi. KIIS. BOI ' - ' 1 si 11 t 1- .5. " I r tit t i S. it BOOTH, CHAMPIU.M BUWttll. WOMAX niarkable woutau lu the bowling worli. She will roll exhibition matches nt the international bowling tournament in Boston from Anrll 'J!) to Slav is Matches in which women will tnltp part will be one of the features of the big touruauieut held under the aus pices of the Atlantic Coast Borfllna association Sirs. Booth defeated soma good bowl ers in the men's division last week. when lu practice she made a high score of 2:iS, with an average of J93 for six games. The woman champion will roll In a special match atrnlust of the prominent men bowlers the open ing ulgtit of the tournament. Meyers Hands Out Compliments. Chief Meyers says that, with Hani r.obert on third, It will be the first sea son in which he tins been able to throw the ball down to the dizzy corner with out danger of the guardian there bob bllug it. Nut exactly complimentary to 8bnfer anil Ilertog. Br'ickley After Catcher's Job. Charles Brtekley. the famous Har vard uulTersIty footbnll player, hones I to win the position of catcher on the varsity niue. Owe More Disappointment. "Poor old Mover Is rtend T sr. Jed a life foil of disappointments." "ITow glad he would have been to eee his name In print!" Filegende Blatter. The Seven Seas. The evTeo ems are the nottk and the south Atlantic, the north tad the The Times wouUl like to have a correspondent in every community if Southern Wasco county. If .'our locality is not represented end us a sample letter, with your tame and address. We will send von stationery. Mr. and Mrs. M. O. Routh ftom A'amic were hiisintss visitors in I """th raclfic and the Indian. Airtia sown vesterdav. ,ni' Antarctic oceans. Watered Stock. "Pa, what do they put water In stin l;s for? l'o soak Investors with, tuy win." Ki'ston jXrniisi ript . MYSTERY OF THE MIND. : One of the Grnet Riddles That Scieno 'Ottrtnot Solve. Mind Is 'he great unsolved mystery of tu'ience. No clew bus been discov ered as to what mind is. and yet sol. mi lists are ever striving to (lull some clew that will enable them to solve this greatest of all mysteries. A San Francisco correspondent asks me the question: "Since our state of temperament is subject to change from normal into several different conditions, as sad, glad, angry, happy, excited, etc.. Is it the body that controls the mind or mind that controls the body?" This Is an important question. In mentologtcal laboratories there hnvo been made In recent years extensive researches. People have been tested by delicate recording electrical Instru ments. Questions have been asked and statements made to these persons ana the action of mind on body de tected by the apparatus. Increased heart action or decreased nervous ten sion change in bodily temperature, pulse, res plmtlon, aspects of the face. eyes, lips these and many more ef fects have been studied and results re- corded In many books. These are of crent lnterpsf tn r1ntv tires, courts and physicians. Conversely, stimulation of nervps l.r electricity, by irritating drugs, me chanical impacts and the like have been made In all manner of ways. The facts are that mind has a du. cided Influence on brain, nerves, heart and vltnl organs through the nerves. Any manipulation of the bodv. ner and circulatory systems really pn duces a reflex action on the mind. The whole subject Is obscure at nmi. I ent So Inconceivably complex Is the hnmnn organization that it number of years before all connection between the personality nnd body are discovered. If. Indeed, they ever will he detected. Brrt no clew has been discovered as to what mind Is. Thi is an Impenetrable mystery in the preseut state of mental science. Ed gar I.nden T.arkln In New York Amer bun.