PLEA FOR APPENDIX"
MADE BY DOCTORS
Patient Should Hesitate Before
Operation, They Say.
SOMETIMES GOOD ONES ARE REMOVED
State Medical Association of Oregon
Ends Enthusiastic Session With
Reading of Good Advice.
The old practice of diving into a
man's abdomen after his appendix and
slicing it off in triumph as soon as he
exhibited symptoms of the "belly
ache" got roughly handled at tie con
cluding session of the Oregon State
Medical association at the Multnomah
Hotel, Portland, Saturday.
The modern theory appeared to be
quite different. The general advice,
as brought out in a spirited discussion
of two well-presented papers on ap
pendicitis, was to hang on to your ap
pendix just as long as you can.
The difference was emphasized, how
ever, between acute and chronic ap
pendicitis. If you have the acute
type, it was generally agreed, it is
often better to get the appendix out
and have done with it, though, even
then, it was declared, it is by no
means always necessary to operate.
But if you should be troubled with
the so-called chronic appendicitis, pro
tect the appendix, stand guard over it,
refuse to give it up until the most
careful study of the case seems to in
dicate beyond a doubt that it can't be
made to behave in any other way and
deserves to be taken out.
In case of doubt, it seemed to be the
concensus of opinion, keep your ap
pendix. At least be reasonable with
it and give it a chance. Don't con
demn it on whim, or just because some,
one is willnig to cut it out for you.
In fact, the poor, lambasted appen
dix of other days, the once cause of
many of the ills of mankind, would
have been astounded at the warm de
fense it got.
The reason for the extreme caution
to be observed in removing the ap
pendix in case of chronic appendicitis,
it was brought out by Dr. Charles E.
Sears in a paper on "The Study of the
Condition Commonly Called Chronic
Appendicitis," is that in a great num
ber of cases appendicitis isn't the
trouble at all, but only a symptom.
Unequivocal "No" Is Reply of
General Carranza to President
Vera Cruz General Venustiano Car
ranza's reply to the appeal for a peace
conference is a polite but unequivocal
"No." In a note issued by Foreign
Minister Acuna and delivered to Mr.
Silliman Saturday, he declares that
he can permit no interference what
ever by foregin governments. He as
serts that he is in control now of all
Mexico except Chihuahua and Morelos
and a part of Sonora. The signers of
the note to Carranza are invited to
come or to send representatives to
some point along the Rio Grande for a
conference, "solely from an interna
tional point of view," with the idea
that Carranza's government be recog
nized as the de facto government of
Mexico.
The diplomats are told that Carran
za commands an army of 150,000 men,
that the functions of public service
have been restored, the railways re
paired and railway traffic resumed.
The note adds that in the fields and
the cities there have been re-born the
activities of normal life.
The reply explains that a conference
with any conquered faction" would
mean the sacrifice by Carranza of the
first chieftaincy of the constitutional
army and his executive power, and a
betrayal of confidence now reposed in
him by the people of the army. That
Carranza represents the army in mat
ing such reply is indicated in a para
graph of the note in which the diplo
mats are told that they will be able to
observe from the answers they receive
from the military chiefs and the civil
subordinates of Carranza that the first
chief "is the only authority that could
decide, and, in fact, does decide" maU
1 i!J.J i it "
lers BUDmittea to mem.
President Is Applauded.
Chicago A telegram expressing the
belief that more than half the popula
tion of Austria-Hungary condemns the
Austro-Hungarian ambassador's at
tempts to interfere with American in
dustries was sent to President Wilson
Saturday by Emil Tehlar, president of
the Slovak Guard, an organization of
representatives from various American
societies of Austrians. The message
applauds President Wilson's course in
demanding his recall and expresses
confidence that the President will
"safeguard American interests."
Six Sunk by Submarine.
London German submarines have
sunk four more steamships of the allies
since previous reports four British,
one Russian and one French.
The Britons were the Emmamuel,
Victorious, Constance, Carony and the
Duoro, the last of 1603 tons. The
Russian was the Rhea, 1145 tons, and
the Frenchman the Guatemala, 5913
tons. One boat containing the captain
and 14 men of the Carony is missing,
but it is believed to have made a small
French port. All the other crews were
saved.
Pacific Line I Promised.
Honolulu, T. H. Paul S. Reinsch,
United States minister to China, pass
ing through here on his way to Pekin,
said that American capital in New
York was planning a new trans-Pacific
steamship line which would take the
place of the Pacific Mail company.
He was not at liberty, he said, to
give names, but he added that he ex
pected the line to be in operation with
in a year.
northwest market reportsT)
Portland Wheat Bluestem, 85c
bushel; fortyfold, 83c j club, 81c; red
Fife, 78c; red Russian, 75c.
Vegetables Cucumbers, Oregon, 15
(!i;20c dozen; artichokes, 90c; toma
toes, 20(ft!30c box; cabbage, lc pound;
beans, 2J(iJ4c; green corn, 15c dozen;
garlic, 10c pound; peppers, 46c;
eggplant, 45c.
Green Fruits Cantaloupes, 50c
$1.50 crate; peaches, 2550c box;
watermelons, lljc pound; plums 25
(41 50c box; new apples, 75c $1.50;
pears, 75c(r?!$l; grapes, 95c $1.50
crate; huckleberries, 6 7c pound;
casabas, ljc; fresh figs, $1.25 box.
Potatoes New, 70 80c sack;
sweets, 23c pound.
Onions 6075c per sack.
Eggs Oregon ranch, buying prices;
No. 1, 27c dozen; No. 2, 22c; No. 3,
17c. Jobbing price: No. 1. 28c.
Poultry Hens, 14 15c pound;
Bprings, 1718c; turkeys, 18c; ducks,
8(y!l2c; geese, 89c.
Butter City creamery cubes, ex
tras, selling at 29 jc pound; prints and
cartons, extra. Prices paid to pro
ducersCountry creamery, 2527c;
butter fat, No. 1, sour cream, 29c;
No. 2, 27c.
Veal Fancy, 1213c pound.
Pork Block, 99Jc pound.
Hops 1915 fuggles, 14c pound;
clusters, nominal.
Wool Eastern Oregon, medium, 25
28Jc; Eastern Oregon, fine, 18
21Jc; valley, 26 80c; mohair, new
clip, 3031c.
Pelts Dry long-wooled pelts, 164c:
dry short-wooled, lljc; dry shearlings,
each, 1015c; salted shearlings, each,
1525c; dry goat, long hair, each,
17c; dry goat, shearlings, each, 10
20c; salted long-wooled pelts. May, $1
2 each.
Cattle Choice steers, $6.507;
good, $6 6.25; medium, $5.75 6;
choice cows, $5.255.50; good, $5
5.25; medium, $4.505; heifers, $5
5.85; bulls, $4.605; stags, $5.606.
Hogs Light, $6.806.90; heavy.
$5.906.
Sheep Wethers, $4.755; ewes,
$34.85; lambs, $4.766.50.
New Melon on Market.
Tacoma Another variety of melon
arrived on the local produce market
and is expected to step into line with
the popular cantaloupes and water
melons. This is the casaba from Cali
fornia. In the last several years it
has found an instant market here.
Wholesale dealers ask 2 cents a pound.
Reports from the South say the quality
is excellent and the crop large.
Although the stiff advance taken in
egg prices last week was expected to
keep the market steady here for some
time, an added scarcity of this com
modity has caused dealers to boost
prices to 3334 cents a dozen for the
fresh ranch product.
nucKieDemes are getting scarcer
and prices are higher, the berries now
demanding 5 cents a pound. The de
mand this season was brisk.
The fish market is well supplied
with halibut and salmon and small
fish. The demand is good. Butter
and cheese are steady. No change was
made m meat and poultry prices.
Crop Report Sept. 8, 1915.
The bureau of crop estimates in co
operation with the weather bureau,
United States Department of Agricul-
ture, furnishes the following summary
of conditions :
Winter wheat Preliminary esti
mate, 14,049,000 bushels; final, 1914,
13,684,000.
Spring wheat September 1, fore
cast, 3,690,000 bushels; final, 1914,
2,920,000.
Oats Forecast, 14,200,000 bushels
final, 1914, 12,740,000.
Barley September 1, forecast, 4,
310,000 bushels; final, 1914, 3,660,
000.
Potatoes September 1, forecast, 6,-
690,000 bushels; final, 1914, 453,000.
Hay, all tame Preliminary esti
mate, 1,850,000 tons; final, 1914, 1,
716,000.
Apples September 1, forecast, 3,
400,000 bushels; final, 1914, 3.600,000.
Record Deal in Apples.
Portland The biggest single deal in
appleB ever made was announced by
the North Pacific Fruit Distributors
association through C. A Malboef, its
representative here. Every box avail
able of "C" grade apples controlled by
the association has beer, sold at a con
tract price of 85 cents a box, the high
est price obtained for this class of
fruit in four years. It is estimated
that the apples will make 400 carloads,
The amount involved in the deal is
$214,000. Middle Western firms com
pose the pool of purchasers.
Heavier Hop Bales Suggested.
Portland Hop dealers point out the
advantage of heavier baling by grow
ers this year. In the matter of export
business this is especially important,
in view of the limit placed by some of
the Atlantic steamer lines on the num-
ber of bales they will handle during
the season. As steamer space reserve-
tions are made by number of bales and
not by weight, it follows that a larger
foreign business can be done than if
they are light. Weights running over
200 pounds to the bale are favored by
exporters.
Peaches Are Active and Firm
Portland The peach market was
firm and active, with prices holding
within the former range. Supplies are
large enough for all requirements.
isartlett pears are becoming scarce
and are in stronger demand, with
$1.25 easily obtainable. Other kinds
of pears are rather plentiful and offer
ed generally at 90 cents to $1 a box.
There was a good movement
grapes at the prices quoted. Canta
loupes and melons were steady.
Poultry Receipts Larger.
Portland Keceipts of poultry are
larger than usual this week and it
necessary to shade former prices in or
der to work off the supply. Hens sold
at 1414 cents and springs at 16
17 cents. There was a continued easy
feeling in the dressed meat market,
because of the light demand. The
best grades of eggs and butter are
firm at prevailing prices.
PRESIDENT TO STOP
GERMAN PLOTTING
Wilson Will Tell Dr. Dumba He
Is Persona Non Grata.
ERMAN EMBASSY APPEARS INVOLVED
Government Determined to Crush All
Intrigues to'Draw United States
Into European Cataclysm.
Washintgon, D. C President Wil
son and Secretary Lansing have deter
mined to call a halt on the widespread
conspiracies and plots to shut down
munitions factories in the United
States by Btrong and affirmative action
in the case of Dr. Dumba.
They also have decided to force each
American traveling abroad to under
stand that the passport he carries is a
badge of honor and not a cloak for
service with a belligerent government.
It was learned that Secretary Lan
sing has cabled to the American min
ister at The Hague formally announc
ing the cancellation of the passport
issued to James F. J. Archibald, who
acted as Dr. Dumba's messenger.
Dr. Dumba is on the verge of being
told that he IB persona non grata. Of
that there is not the slightest doubt.
The action of this goverrnment is be
ing delayed until it has obtained pos
session of all the papers carried by
Archibald. This much, however, is
certain :
By the steps to be taken the lesi-
dent is determined to show the em
phatic disapproval of the American
government in respect to the efforts
and intrigues of belligerent diplomats
to involve the United Staets in the
European conflict.
For months now the administration
has been worried by the activities of
sympathizers with the central powers,
and there has been obtained evidence
connecting the German embassy with
their operations.
The President has been patient and
tolerant, withholding positive action
because of the delicate international
situation, but the Dumba matter has
filled the measure to overflowing. It
is viewed as an attack on American
sovereignity and American neutrality,
and as absolutely confirming charges
made by President Gompers, of the
American Federation of Labor, and
others.
arget five Miles Out Hit at
Night by Fort Stevens Gunners
Fort Stevens, Or. Twelve half-ton
shots were tired at a distance of ap
proximately five miles Thursday night
at a target towed directly away from
the batteries by a speeding boat with
only 300 yards' space between the tar
get and the towing vessel.
The practice was by indirect fire,
the mortar gunners or tne 93d com
pany, under Captain Leonard Wajdron,
being directed from observation sta
tions 9000 feet away from the guns.
The observers used 60-inch search
lights of 500,000 candle power each,
to find the target, one of the obsberva-
tion stations being 14,060 feet from
the target.
It was estimated that 80 per cent of
the shots fell within the target space,
which is about one-fifth the dimensions
of the deck of a modern battleship,
The observers on the tug have not yet
reported all the data on the practice.
All shells fired ascend to a height
greater than the distance of the target
from the guns, so they may drop on
the deck, the most Vulnerable part of
modern war vessels.
Brigadier General Seibert, in com
mand of the Coast Artillery, witnessed
the practice, as did several prominent
Astorians.
Chinese to Quit Liner.
San Francisco The Chinese crew
of the former Pacific Mail liner Korea
want to return to China, fearing that
if they make a voyage to London they
will be killed by submarines. Officials
around the mail dock know that no
Chinese will sail on the Korea for the
Atlantic. It is said that some agi
tator, working in behalf of a white
crew or for some other reason, has
impressed on the Chinese of the Korea
that to leave here on the vessel when
she starts for Europe .will be to go
to cerain death.
Bernhardt Coming Later.
Paris Madame Sarah Bernhardt has
postponed for two months her coming
tour to the United States. Asked re
garding a report that she had canceled
her American engagements, Mme.
Bernhardt telegraphed the Associated
Press from her residence at Andernos,
S3 follows: "I am not abandoning my
tour in American. I have asked for
two months' time in order to form a
new company, as all the actors who
were with me on my previous tour are
serving in the army, four having been
killed. Vivela France!
Peary Offers Services.
Portland, Me. Robert E. Peary,
who was retired by act of congress
with the rank of rear admiral in recog
nition of discovery of the North Pole
in 1909, has offered his services to the
Navy department for any duty he may
be called upon to perform. It was
learned that he had written to Secre
tary Daniels offering the necessary
physical examination and perform any
services which may be required of him
in the development of the program for
national defense.
Alcohol Will Be Seized.
Paris Announcement was made by
the ministry of war of its intention to
requisition all stocks of alcohol In
France amounting to 200 gallons or
more for the manufacture of powder.
Makers of drugs or other products will
receive each month sufficient quanti
ties of alcohol for their business.
CRETONNES IN THE SUMMER
By Careful Selection, the Housewife
May Make Her Rooms Things
of Beauty,
It seems ages since the serviceable
and smart cretonnes were Introduced
for hangings, coverings for furniture
and cushions, etc., yet it BtlU holds Its
place among the newest of goods
shown for these purposes. Porch fur
niture, comfortable cuBhlons and cane
chairs for use on the Bummer piazzas
are covered and, going further, large
armchairs and low rockers for the liv
ing room are to be upholstered in this
Bame good-wearing fabric.
But, of course, designs have changed
somewhat; colors are brilliant, as
usual, but among the neweBt are those
with birds of gorgeous plumage on a
background of black. Indeed, brilliant
applies to most of the new cretonnes;
they are vivid and still launder per
fectly, making them an excellent
choice for the hot suns of summer
days.
The frill or flounce across the top
of windows Is still liked, only now it
should be cut narrow and lifted a lit
tle directly lu the center, with side
draperies of the goods. The sides of
these frills are a little longer than last
year, and a variation liked Is to catch
the fullness In cluster of three or four
tiny tucks or folds about three or four
inches apart, not pressing them flat,
but allowing them to stand out. Also
the bottom of the frill, where caught
up In the center, must be finished with
a braid; as It should be cut In a curve,
not in a straight line to be puckered
shorter in the center, but cut curved.
Still another variation shows the bot
tom of this frill cut In deep scallops
and bound with braid.
Small tables covered with cretonne,
over which the useful glass Is placed,
will be sought for porch and living
room for various uses. One that should
appeal to the housewife who lust
'loves a pretty bedroom" Is to change
ordinary furnishings Into things of
beauty by covering chests, tables and
so on with cretonne; the table with
the glass top bringing an almost ele
gant air Into the atmosphere. If wood
work and furniture are hopelessly
faded and worn a coat of light enamel
with a slight tracery of blue or pink
or delicate green and cretonne hang
ings, etc., to match will make a charm
ing room of one that might be termed
dismal and depressing, as some rooms
have a habit of being.
A caution Is to use plain paper or
paper with small figures where a room
is to be fitted out In gay cretonne;
huge or starting designs will only
cause discord.
ITTING UP THE BATHROOM
Some of the Requisites That Must
Find a Place In the Modern
Establishment.
In the days of the old tin tub almost
anything in the way of a towel was
good enough, so long as It was free
from holes. The advent of sanitary
plumbing, the white enamel tub and
basin, the tile or tile-effect walls and
the nickel and glass fixtures have
made the up-to-date bathroom a differ
ent proposition. For Instance, utility
is no longer the sole standard by
which the bathroom linens are Judged
They must also harmonize with the
enamel and glass fittings. As a result
housewives now buy their towels In
sets In white, with an Initial or mono
gram In color. Many towel sets are
bought In plain or fancy material with
out a monogram, which is worked by
the housewife herself.
jtsawroom sets or terry cloth are
composed of two bath towels, a bath
mat, and two face cloths, all with
plain or fancy border and an initial or
monogram.
jacquara ngurea oath towels are
new and attractive. They have a deep
pink or blue border and the hem is
daintily embroidered in color. The
edge is finished with a deep border or
crochet of white and color. Turkish
and huck towels are almost always
embroidered in color and finished with
a scalloped or crocheted edge.
Making Cocoa.
When making cocoa, you can greatly
improve the flavor, obviating the
"flat" taste, by adding a pinch of salt
and a few drops of extract of vanilla
boiling several minutes makes co
coa richer in taste and more digest!
ble, while It stands to reason that
milk and not water makes much the
richer beverage, although milk and
water may be mixed. Condensed or
evaporated milk makes delicious co
coa. Beat the cocoa for a few mln
utes before serving It.
Berry Roll.
To one quart of flour use one table-
spoonful of butter, mix this together
with a silver knife, add three table-
spoonfuls of baking powder and
enough milk to make a dough that will
roll. Flour one quart of berries,
sugar them to taste, put them In
layer on top of dough. Roll from one
end. Cream for one hour. This BUould
be served with hard sauce.
Handy Fuel.
You'll find solid alcohol an Ideal
fuel In every way, for it is non-
explosive, clean and cheap, and way
ahead of gas for hurry-up cooking.
There are special little stoves on the
market now in which this fuel Is to be
used, and the entire outfit of pan
burner and alcohol Is cheap.
Ho to Cook Beets.
Fill a pall as large as will hold as
many as you watt to cook. Don't cut
them, as that makes them bleed. Cover
with cold water, cover up tight, put In
hot oven and let bake. This time of
the year 1 put them in early so as to
have them done tor dinner. They are
no more trouble till done. Exchange.
Juicy Pies.
Pub crust with white of egg before
putting material In, then the Juice
won't soak througj and make piecrust
voggy.
Sauce.
Take one and one-half cupfuls sweet
milk, half cupful sugar, yolks of two
eggs; flavor with vanilla; cook like
custard.
KILL ENEMY OF BABY
DUTY OF ALL IS TO DO AWAY
WITH THE FLY.
As a Disseminator of Disease It Is
Recognized That This Pest Can
In No Way Find in
Equal.
(Prepared by the Children'! Bureau. United
State! Department of Labor.)
No one likes to have a single fly
and, much less, a swarm of them buzz
ing about him, or lighting on his food.
But In addition to being a nuisance,
be fly is also a real source of danger,
owing to the fact that he may carry
the germs of disease from the sick to
the well. Typhoid fever Is known to
be distributed in this way, and It Is
believed that other forms of illness,
Including diarrhea, are also carried
about on the hairy feet and legs of the
ordinary house or "typhoid" fly.
On this account. It is especially the
baby who needs to be protected from
flies. Awake or asleep, he needs It.
His milk should be kept out of their
reach, and his bed or his sleeping
room should be carefully screened
against them, If It is not possible to
have the whole house and the porch
screened.
The flies that get Into the house In
spite of screens should be trapped.
poisoned or swatted, but far more ef
fective than any of these measures Is
that of destroying the fly larvae before
they hatch Into full-grown flies.
The favorite breeding place If the
common house fly Is in horse manure.
In a pile of a thousand pounds there
may be half a million maggots ready
to hatch, unless they are destroyed In
the larval stage, as the eggs are
called.
Various substances have been sug
gested for use upon horse manure In
order to destroy the fly maggots.
Among theBe are iron sulphate, kero
sene, chloride of lime, hellebore and
borax. Some of these are too expen
sive for continued use, and some, such
as borax, when used in too large quan
tities, may be Injurious to the crops
upon which the manure so treated Is
used. '
The United States department of
agriculture has recently recommended
powdered hellebore as a cheap, safe
and effective substance for the treat
ment of manure. "One-half pound of
powdered hellebore mixed with ten
gallons of water is sufficient to kill the
larvae in eight bushels, or ten cubic
feet of manure. In most placeB helle
bore is obtainable In 100-pound lotB at
a cost of 11 centB a pound. This makes
the cost of the treatment a little less
than seven-tenths of a cent per bushel
of manure. A liberal estimate of the
output of manure Is two bushels a day
per horse."
After the summer has advanced, the
effort must be made to keep each indl
vldual home as free from the pest as
can be done with screens, fly papers.
traps and swatters.
Garbage palls must be kept cov
ered, and no refuse of any sort should
be allowed to accumulate about tbe-
premises, to provide breeding and
feeding places. As In most other
things, prevention is far better than
cure; the time for preventive meas
ures to be most effective Is in April
and May, when the fly crop Is small
There are a great many kinds of fly
traps on the market. Such traps can
be made at home with little trouble,
and the department of agriculture,
Washington, will send directions upon
request not only for traps, but for
methods of destroying the eggs be
fore they hatch Into flies. (A home
made fly trap for 20 cents, and Bulle
tin 245.)
Fly Poison.
House files are more than nui
sances; they convey disease and filth
wherever they go. So, If there are
no screens In the house, try these sim
ple methods for getting rid of them
In the bedroom put a sponge In a sau
cer and saturate It with oil of laven
der.- If this 1b !'ung two or three feet
above the table one may eat in peace
throughout the meal. Pots of rose
geranium, or the branches bruised and
hung up, are also said to be good for
files. A honey pot of death and de
Btructlon to them may be made with
two ounces of ground black pepper,
four ounces of white sugar and half
a pint of sweet milk. Cook the things
together for a minute or so, and then
All small plates with the mixtures
keeping edibles closely covered
Sweep up the dead files twice a day
and burn them,
Eggs la Quebec.
Cut an onion Into fine dice, fry light
ly In a tablespoonful of butter, then
dash In a teaspoonful of vinegar. But
ter a shallow dish and strew the onion
in it. Break five eggs Into it, bein
careful not to break the yolks. Bake
In a hot oven until the whites are set
Dust on salt and white pepper an
sprinkle with coarse bread crumbs
fried brown in butter, Garnish with
parsley and serve in sauce dish.
Lamb Stew.
Boll slowly three pounds of lean
lamb flank one hour, then add three or
four sliced onions and noe-half cupful
rice and boll with a heaping tea-
spoonful of sage and summer savory
for three-quarters of an hour. Then
add a pint of cream of tartar dum
pllngs, mixed with three eggs. Boll IV
minutes.
Fresh Peaoh Pie.
Make a rich pie crust, and line
deep pie plate with it. Pare and halve
enough peaches to fill the shell well,
and' place with cut side uppermost
sprinkle generously with sugar an
bits of butter, dredge with flour an
bake 20 minutes or unt; the crust I
well done. Serve hot or cold with
cream or boiled custard.
A Handy Cherry Seeder.
An ordinary hairpin makes a good
cherry seeder. Insert the closed end
of the hairpin into the stem end of
the cherry and draw out the seed. This
simple seeder can be used rapidly,
leaving the fruit whole and perfect In
shape; the peculiar softness of worm
fruit is also detected by Its use
ROUNDHEADED APPLE
ft Ti
Clump of Service Bushes Showing Exit
Borers.
(Prepared by tlie Unltpfl fitatoa Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
The roundheaded apple-tree borer,
the most destructive of a number of
similar pests, causes much damage
to apple orchards In the eastern half
of the United States. It does not
confine Us destructive methods solely
to apple trees, but feeds on other
fruit trees, as well as service, wild
crab and mountain ash, which makes
it advisable to cut out these latter
varieties for a distance of at least a
hundred yards from the orchard.
Tho presence of the borers is easily
detected. Sawdustlike castings of a
reddish color are thrown out through
small bolos in the bark as the borers
feed. Heaps of these castings found
at the base of apple, pear or quince
trees are always an evidence that the
trees need Immediate attention. Fre
quently an examination of an orchard
Induced by finding one tree with cast
ings at the base will reveal the fact
that many trees are affected and that
serious injury has already been done.
Ordinarily the parent beetle lives
about 40 or CO days. It Is about three-
fourths of an inch in length, light
brown in color above, with two broad
white bands Joined in front, extending
the full length of the back; the un
derparts and front of the head are
white. The females rarely fly any
considerable distance, so that If the
immediate vicinity of an orchard can
be kept free from them, there is little
danger of a BeriouB infestation.
Worming to Be Thoroughly Done.
The most common method of rid
dtng an orchard of these pests Is to
cut away the bark sufficiently to trace
the burrows made by the borer. A
hooked wire is then Inserted Into the
burrow and the insect pulled out. If
made with care, the wound In the tree
caused by this process will heal
readily. The castings at the base of
the tree serve as an indication of tho
presence of tho borers. Where the
burrows are curved or obstructed in
some way so that the wire cannot be
Inserted, cotton batting dipped In car
bon bisulphld should be inserted and
the hole then plugged with moist
earth. The gas from the carbon bi
sulphld will penetrate all parts of the
burrow and kill the borer. In exten
slve orchards where worming is done
on a large scale by promiscuous labor
some of the helpers are likely to be
come careless and overlook or neglect
to destroy an occasional borer. Every
female so overlooked stands a good
chance ot maturing within a year or
two, when it will deposit eggs in a
half dozen or more nearby trees, caus
ing thereby a continued and an in
creased infestation in that particular
orchard.
The importance of the following
points should bo kept in mind by all
persons who practice this method of
borer control:
1. Borers should be removed from
the trees as soon as possible after
hatching.
2. Every borer In the orchard should
be found and destroyed.
3. Borers should not be allowed to
breed In cultivated or wild host trees
$ g
A.
Egg Punctures of Roundheaded Apple
Tree Borer in Bark Three Punc
tures Are to Be Seen.
growing within at least 200 or 300
feet of the orchard.
Paint Acts as Preventive.
In addition to worming, as this
process is cnlled, paint Is often used
to prevent the beetles laying their
eggs. Pure white lead and raw lin
seed oil, mixed rather thick, will not
Injure tho trees, and when applied to
young, smooth bark, will form a pro
tective coat during the egg-laying sea
son. It Is probable that this is a more
effective method than wrapping the
trees with building paper, cotton bat
ting, cloth or other materials some
times used for this purpose. Before
painting, however, the earth should be
removed from the base of the tree for
a depth of from three to four inches.
The surface of tho trunk thus exposed
should be first scraped and painted
- TREE BORER PEST
. i a. . a.
Holes of Roundheaded Apple-Tree
and the earth then replaced. This !
necessary, for the beetle occasionally
lays her eggs under Instead of above
the ground.
As the Insect In Its borer stage Uvea
and feeds under the bark, insecticide
sprays cannot be used successfully
against It. When the borer has
reached the adult stage It feeds more
or less on the exposed Burface of
leaves and twigs and on the moisture
contained In the fresh castings thrown
out by borers still working in the
trees, Arsenate of lead sprayed on
trees on which they are feeding would
kill many of the adult beetles, but It 1
doubtful if it would pay ordinarily to
spray for the purpose ot killing this
Insect alone, except in the case ot ft
badly infested orchard.
Farmers' bulletin No. 67S, "The
Roundheaded Apple-Tree Borer,"
which contains ft description of this
Adult Roundheaded Apple-Tree Borei
Just Emerged From Exit Hole In
Bark.
pest and different methods ot control
may be secured upon application to
the United States department of agri
culture. ORCHARD SHADE FOR CHICKS
Ideal Place for Coops and Brooders-.
Double Use May Be Made of
Sunflower Plants.
All will agree that an ideal place for
coops, colony coops and brooder coop
Is in a well grown orchard. There the
chicks have shade from the hot noon
day sun, but since every farm or poul
try yard has not an orchard the ques
tion of shade must be given some con
sideration. If there Is no natural shade, coops
placed between rows ot sunflowers will
provide the chicks Bhade. Sunflowers
grow rapidly, provide good shade and
the seeds make good winter food for
the poultry. However, it one cannot
plant sunflowers and there Is no shade
for the chickens, muslin or old burlap
stretched over high poles will provide
shade. Anything that will cast a
shadow, so as to provide a place for
the chickens to rest in during the heat
of the day. Fruit trees always do well
when planted In chlckenyards, espe
cially when the ground is kept dug up
around them. By all means remember
to provide some kind of shade to be
ready for the warm days, and the
chickens will be more comfortable and
thrive better.
SEPARATE COCKS FROM HENS
Not Advisable to Kill or Dispose of
Valuable Breeding Stock Large
Loss In Handling Eggs.
(By 1 A. HEI.MEREICH, Colorado Ex
periment Station.)
Many people think that the cocks
have to be with the hens in order to
get eggs. This is a mistake, and has
been demonstrated as such by experi.
meats and practice for the large poul
try plants seldom have a cock on the
place and their hens will actually lay
more eggs without the cock around.
I do not advise you to kill or dis
pose of valuable breeding stock, but
merely separate them from the hens.
When we stop to consider that there
is $600,000,000 forth ot poultry sold
by our farmers annually, and that this
amounts to as much as the money re
ceived for wheat or hay; that 8 per
cent of all the eggs sold are lost
through careless handling, and that
a large per cent of this loss is due to
the production of fertile eggs during
the hot months of the year, it Is easy
to see how essential It is to "swat the
rooster."
Use Cholera Preventives.
There are hog raisers and feeders
who keep hoping against hope that
the doaths In their herds are due to
other troubles when In reality 1' li
tho cholera. Preventives are cheap.