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About The Maupin times. (Maupin, Or.) 1914-1930 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 16, 1914)
5 GERMAN ARMIES ARE REINFORCED French Stronghold Is Captured; 40,000 Prisoners Taken. Allies Force Back German Lines 25 Miles Assaults Disastrous Losses Are Enormous. London. German reinforcements es timated at 60,000 men are advancing Into France In three columns, accord ing to an Ostend dispatch to the neu ter Telegram company, It is Bald that an entire German army corps Beems to be marching to the Bouth, ptiBBlng between Ouden arde, East Flanders and Grammont. It Is probably Intended to reinforce the German right wing. The French fortress of Maubeuge, on the Sambre River, near the Belgian frontier, has fallen, the Germans tak ing 40,000 prisoners, Including four generals, and seizing 400 guns. According to a dispatch from Bor deaux, the French war office issued the following statement: ".On-the left wing all the German at tempts to break the French lines on the right bank of the Ourcq river have failed. We have taken two standards. "The British army has crossed the Marne and the enemy has fallen back about 40 kilometers (25 miles). "On the center and right wing there Is no notable change. The official summary of the situa tion issued from army headquarters at Paris in the course of the afternoon said: "First On the left wing, although the Cermans have been reinforced, the situation remains satisfactory. The enemy is retreating before the British 1 army. "Second At the center our advance is slow but general. On the right wing there has been no action of the enemy against the great circle of Nancy. In the Vosges and in Alsace the situation remains unchanged. WILSON URGES PEOPLE TO PRAY FOR PEACE OCT. 4 Washington, D. C Sunday, October 4, was proclaimed a day of prayer for peace in Europe by President Wilson in a proclamation, the president call- ins on all persons in the United States to participate. The proclamation fol lows: "By the President of the United States of America a proclamation. "Whereas, Great nations of the world have taken up arms against one another and war now draws millions of men into battle whom the counsel of statesmen have not been able to save from the terrible sacrifice; and .,-"Whereas, In this, as in all things, it Is our privilege and duty to Beek counsel and succor of Almighty God, humbling ourselves before him, con fessing our weakness and our lack of any wisdom equal to these things; and. "Whereas, It Is the especial wish and longing of the people of the Unit ed States, in prayer and counsel and all friendliness, to serve the cause of peace; - "Therefore, I, Woodrow Wilson, President of the United States of America, do designate Sunday, , the fourth day of October, next, a day of prayer and supplication and do re quest all God-fearing persons to re pair on that day to their places of worship, there to unite their petitions to Almighty God, that, overruling the counsel of men, setting straight the things they cannot govern or alter, taking pity on the nations now in the throes of conflict, In his mercy and goodness showing a way where men can see none, he vouchsafe his chil dren healing peace again and restore once more that concord among men and nations without which there can be neither happiness nor true friend ship nor any wholesome fruit of toil or thought in the world; praying also to this end that he forgive us our Bins, our ignorance of his holy will, our will fulness and many errors, and lead us in the paths of obedience to places of vision and to thoughts and counsels that purge and make wise." , Railway Mail Law Up. Washington, D. C In a final report submitted to congress the Bourne com mittee on railway mail pay has recom mended a law substituting space for weight as the basis of railway mail compensation and has recommended rates which will yield the railroads slightly less than the average received from the transportation of passengers. In each instance it is computed on a car-mile basis. It is estimated that this will increase the compensation of the railroads Rbout $3,000,000 per annum, The railroads contend they were underpaid $15,000,000 a year. Peasant Traps 28 Foes. Paris Twenty-eight Prussian pris oners, the first to be seen in Paris in the present war, arrived at St. Lazare station Thursday. They had become separated from their regiment and lost their way. They asked a peasant near . Meaux if the Germans had taken Paris and how to get there. The peasant replied that he thought Paris had fall en and would conduct them to the right road. When it was too late the Prussians found he was leading them Into the British lines. Letter Carriers for Suffrage. Omaha. After a quiet campaign of three days the United States National Association of Postoffice Clerks pass ed almost unanimously a resolution in dorsing woman suffrage. In the con vention of more than 400 delegates there were only half a dozen votes against the suffrage measure. Earlier in the day the association passed a resolution asking the postmaster-general to take Immediate steps to, secure control and operation of telegraph systems of the country. NORTHWEST MARKET REPORTS. Portland. The strong demand for Northwest ern flour to be shipped to the eastern seaboard is the feature of the grain market. Figures as to the quantity sold in the past few days are not avail able, but grain men estimate that be tween 150,000 and 200,000 barrels have been sold to go from Portland alone. It Is not known how much business of thlB character has ben put through on the Sound, but the volume is believed to be large. It Is conceded that the extent of the business at present Is limited only by the transportation facilities from this port. Several of the interior mills are trying to get space, on the Portland New York steamers, but have learned that all the space Is sold ahead. It Is also the general belief that the Pacific Coast flour, when It reaches the east, will be transshipped to Eu rope without delay. The English gov ernment for a week past has been buy ing American flour through agents in this country, and the progress of the war, as shown by the press dispatches, bears out the assumption that the need for breadstuffs on the other side is urgent, Among the trades was a sale of club at Walla Walla at a price equal to as Mi cents here. Enough hops have been picked to date in a number of the sections to give some Indication of the size of the crop. In the Ballston, Sherwood, Dal las, Wodburn, St. Paul, Mt. Angel, Sil verton, Monitor, Marquam and New berg districts the returns show the crop will be from 20 to 50 per cent short of last year. The fuggle crop In the valley Is decidedly shy of last year's quantity. The rain was general throughout the hop belt and temporarily checked harvesting. As there is an abundance of pickers this year, growers have no fear of the weather. Wheat Bid. Bluestem $ l.ll Fortyfold 99 Club 97 Red Russian 95 Red fife .95 Oats No. 1 white feed 28.00 Brewing 25.00 Bran 24.50 Shorts 26.00 Millfeed Spot prices: Bran, $26.50 per ton; shorts, $29.60; rolled barley, $28. Corn Whole, $38 per ton. Hay Old timothy, Eastern Oregon, $15 16; new-crop timothy, valley, $12.5013; grain hay, $810; alfalfa, $1112. Eggs Fresh Oregon ranch, case count, 2830c; candled, 3234c. Poultry Hens, 14c; Springs, 14c; turkeys, 22c; dressed, choice, 25c; ducks, 1015c; geese, 10c. Butter Creamery prints, extras, 35c per pound; cubes, 31c; storage, 2828c. Pork Block, 12 c per pound. Veal Fancy, 1313c per pound. Onions Yellow, $11.25 per sack. Green Fruits Apples, new, 50c $1.25 box; cantaloupes, 60c$1.25 per box; plums, 60c$l; watermelons, 8090c per hundred; pears, 60c$l per box; grapes, 75c$1.25 per crate. Potatoes Oregon, $1.35 per sack. Cattle Prime Bteers, $6.757.10; choice, $6.506.75; medium, $6.25 $6.50; Choice cows, $5.756.00; medi um, $5.255.75; Heifers $5.506.25; Calves, $6.008.50; Bulls, $3.004.75; Stags, $4.505.75. Hogs Light, $9.009.20; heavy, $8.008.20. Sheep Wethers, $4.005.25; Ewes, $3.504.50; Lambs, $5.004.50. Seattle. Not yet has the peach trade reached a level which will show better profits to the grower or a scarcity, although the past two or three days would give this indication. The market at 40c for best Elbertas was firm, and pre dictions for the coming week include both higher and- lower levels, but the fact remains that Wenntchee has not begun to ship its orange, lemon and Italian clings and Simmons seedlings or Muirs, and Cashmei'e has just start ed its Elbertas Into market. The can yon districts of eastern Washington have scarcely commenced to market their product. Much of this stock is due to show next week. The Simmons seedlings have always been rated at a higher quality and price level than the Elbertas. There is a large amount of excellent canning fruit in these coming shipments, and any rapid re covery from the extremely low prices in peaches is doubtful at this time. Wheat Bluestem, $1.10 per bu.; fortyfold, 99c per bu.; club, 97c per bu.; Fife, 96c per bu; red Russian, 94c per bu; turkey red, $1.03 pea bu. Oats $2930 per ton; barley, $25 26 per ton; rye, $26 per ton; middl ings $3536 per ton; shorts, $3940 per ton. Feed Bran, $2627 per ton; chop, $3132 per ton; rolled barley, $25 26 per ton; alfalfa meal, $20 per ton; alfalfa molasses, $22 per ton; whole corn, $39 per ton; cracked corn, $40 per ton; straw, $9 per ton. Hay Puget sound, $1213 per ton; eastern Washington, $1516 per ton; alfalfa, $13 per ton; wheat hay, $13 14 per ton. The following prices are offered to the producer by the local dealers for delivery in round lots f. o. b. Seattle: Eggs Select ranch, 36c doz. Poultry Live hens, ll15c per lb; old roosters, 10c per lb; 1914 broilers, 1415c per lb; ducklings, 1012c per lb; geese, 10c per lb; guinea fowl, $9 per doz. Dressed Beef Prime beef steers, 1212c per lb; cows, ll12c per lb; heifers, 12c per lb. Dressed veal 15 c per lb. Dressed hogs Whole, packing house, 14c per lb. Dressed spring lamb 1213c per lb. Dressed mutton 9 llc per lb. Apples New cooking, 6085c per box; new eating, $1,250)1.50 per box; Gravenstelns, $11.50 per box. Blackberries 75c per crate. Cantaloupes Ponies, 60c per crate; standards, 75c $1 per crate. Crabapples 50c$1.25 per box. Huckleberries 67c per lb. Pears Bartlett, $11.60 per box. , Peaches 40c per crate. FARM ORCHARD Notes and Instruction from Agricultural Colleges and Experiment Stations of Oregon and Washington, Specially Suitable to Pacific Coast Conditions Co-operative Cheese Factories. Oregon Agricultural College, Corval- lis. Tillamook specializes In cheese and has 20 cooperatively owned cheese factories. Their method of organizing and operation is explained as follows by Dr, Hector Macpherson, professor of political economy at the Oregon Agricultural College: "When the need of a cooperative factory Is felt, meetings are called and Interest aroused. Then a thorough canvass of the neighborhood Is made with a view to determining how much milk can be secured. The canvass In dicates how large a factory will be re quired; and, on this basis a corpora tion is organized with a capital stock ranging from $1,600 to $2,500, with shares varying from $10 to $100. The farmers subscribe for the stock. In case enough of the stock is not sold to finance the factory, a loan is secur ed from the local banks. They usual ly are able to get what credit they need at the very reasonable rate of 4 per cent per annum for two years. By the time the loan matures, they have as a rule saved enough to pay all debts. "Each association Is under a board of three directors elected by the share holders at their annual meeting. The bylaws stipulate that each member shall have but one vote in managing the affairs of the corporation, regard less of the number of shares he holds. Although this provision conflicts with our corporation law under which the factories are organized, the members abide by the bylaws. The bylaws again conflict with the state law in their provision that no member shall sell his stock without first offering It to the association. These elements of confusion arise because of the tact that we have a cooperative law in this stats so idealistic in its provisions as to be practically useless. Hence, co operative societies are forced to or ganize under corporate law. "The cheese-maker is hired at a salary of from $1,000 to $1,200 a year. Then 16 cooperative factories and three privately owned concerns have united In hiring a common Inspector and in maintaining a central office and sales agent at Tillamook. Every cheese Is inspected and unless it comes up to a certain standard it does not receive the brand of the associa tion. Cheese bearing the brand of the association has attained a reputa tion which makes the work of the sell ing agency a pleasure. The sales de partment, in charge of Mr. Haberlach, handled 3,100,000 pounds of cheese during the past year; and received in payment about $510,000, or an average of about 16 cents a pound. Both the inspector and the sales agent receive fixed salaries, to which all the aso ciated factories contribute in propor tion to their output. Most of the sup plies required by the factories belong ing to Mr. Haberlach's agency are pur chased In wholesale quantities, thus saving about 15 per cent in cost. "The common plan of doing busi ness is to set a fixed charge per pound for making and selling , the cheese. The aim is to make this high enough to meet all expenses and pay a fair rate of interest as dividends on stock. "Since cheese is made on the basis of a fixed charge per pound, the net profits vary inversely as the expenses of the year. Any extraordinary ex pense means smaller dividends on stock. Under favorable circum stances, dividends have been as high as 20 per cent; while again, they have gone almost to nothing. "Though this dividend scheme seems to give satisfaction at Tilla mook, it is not true cooperation, and is being gradually abandoned in Wis consin and Iowa. It has been found that high dividends always lead to trouble and division. So they are giv ing way to a moderate interest on the actual investment, followed by the distribution of the net surplus among the patrons in proportion to the milk or cream supplied the association. "Apart from the method of paying dividends, the Tillamook associations give a fair idea of the organization of creameries and cheese factories throughout the country. Experience has Bhown that there should be an assurance of at least 400 cows for a creamery, or 200 cows for a cheese factory before an association is start ed. If these numbers cannot be re lied on, the dairymen would probably do better to form a milk-shipping or skimming station to market their pro duct. "Capital is commonly raised on the Tillamook plan, the members taking the stock and paying for it, either in cash or with their negotiable notes. The common European method of bor rowing the necessary capital on the joint liability of the members of the association has not found much favor in the United States. "The possibilities of economy in the dairy Industry show the underlying principles of success in practically all branches of agriculture. Progress which is deep-rooted and permanent can only be achieved through the uni fication of rural forces and resources. To right of him and to left of him, the farmer comes face to face with con solidated capital under expert man agement. Only when reinforced by union with his fellow agriculturists, iB he In a position to demand fair treatment. For the achievement of this end, cooperative, enterprise has, as we have seen, proved effective in the dairy industry." j Blind May Now Play Cards. A newly devised deck of playing cards makes It possible for those who have lost their sight to play simple card games. At the top and bottom of these cards there are holes punch ed in groups corresponding to the Braille characters, or raised letters which the blind are generally taught to read. Counting Up Fines. "Are the running expenses of an automobile very high?" "Not If the motorcycle cop falls to get your number." , Hogging Off the Corn Crop. Oregon Agricultural College, Corval- lis. While corn may be grown in Ore gon for a number of purposes it finds Its most profitable application in rel atively few, according to experts at the Oregon Agricultural College Among the most profitable uses are as a full green feed for cows, as silage for both summer and winter feeding for dairy cows In WeBtern Oregon and for winter feeding in Eastern Oregon, and perhaps most Important of all as a fattening crop for hogs. In the latter use it Is not to be husked and pen-fed but harvested by the hog him self in the field. Throughout Oregon it is believed that for hogs the most profitable re sults may be had from the corn crop where it is hogged off. In Western Oregon the corn dries out so poorly before the winter rains start and the winter weather Itself Is so moist that It Is almost impossible to store husked corn and feed it In the pen to hogs or other stock in the usual way. In East ern Oregon on dry farming landB the yield is so light as greatly to reduce the profits of the crop If the expense of huBklng Is to be borne. Aside from these facts It has been shown in many successful trials that the hog will make as large gains per acre (or even larger gains) where he is turned into the corn when It Is nearly ripe as he will be making when the corn is husked and fed to him in the pen. Hence the value of this method and the reason for its recommendation. It not only does away with the additional cost and other difficulties of husked corn, but gives better results with the hog. Where hogging off is to be followed two to three pounds of rape per acre should be seeded between the rows of corn at the time of the last cultiva tion. Rape is a rapid grower and Ie ready for pasturing In the latter part of September, when the corn is in the silage stage and ready for the hogs. It is a very palatable succulent feed, much relished by the hog In combina tion with corn; and further, its high protein content makes an ideal bal ance to the high carbohydrates of the corn. In Eastern Oregon the same practice may be followed on Irrigated lands, while on the dry farming lands, where moisture is insufficient, rape may be seeded in strips alternating with the corn rather than between the rows. Forty-bushel corn will finish from 10 to 12 hogs per acre. Pigs which have been farrowed in the spring and pastured through the summer on clo ver, vetch, alfalfa, rape or field peas, may be turned Into the corn when the grain gets well dented, and finished there for the market. No cheaper or better method of pork production can be found than this. Where this forage rotation for hog production is followed, 26-lnch woven wire hog fencing temporarily Btretch ed to good end posts and fastened to driven stakes between, is used as port able fence to, move the pigs from one section of the rotation to the next. Two men and a team can set up 250 rods a day of such portable fence, which proves entirely satisfactory. With such a system; of course, plen ty of water and salt, and a little sup plementary feed of barley, tankage, or the like, as needed, should be used. The writer believes that this plan may well become the Oregon system of pork production. The best hogglng-off variety Is one that may be rather too late to ripen fully its grain but which produces a good heavy ear. A good many Oregon fatmers are deceived as to the value of the variety of corn since they are Inclined to judge value by the height of the stalk and the amount of forage produced. There are many varieties, such as the Pride of the North and some others of the fodder producing sorts that will grow two or three feet taller than the College Minnesota No. 13, and will produce a good deal more stalk, leaf and fodder. But this qual ity is of relatively little importance or Indeed may be a distinctly bad quality, for It should be fully under stood that the major share of the di gestible nutrients of the successful corn crop are found in the grain. In the best type of corn plant the weight of the shelled grain will nearly equal the weight of the stalk and by far the larger part of the digestible nutrients are in the grain. Varieties that produce excessive growth of stalk and fodder never make good green yields. Hence the variety selected should contain a large amount of grain. A variety producing a sturdy stalk of medium height with an abun dance of broad leaves and a single heavy ear of moderately well matured grain is the variety best adapted to Oregon conditions. It is not at all necessary to select a variety that will fully ripen and dry out before the hogs are turned Into the field. Wanted to Look Around. 'Is your client going to plead in sanity?" "I haven't decided, replied the law yer. "He wants to look the ground over and see which Is the easiest to escape from, the prison or the asy lum." Why it Made Him Sad. "Spring is here, the time for sing ing birds." "Yes, and It makes me sad." "Why so?" "The birds' notes are due and so are mine." Serum taken from healthy persons who have had Infantile paralysis in youth iB used by a French doctor in treating general paralysis in adults. Representatives of the Belgian gov ernment are trying to drive an auto mobile the length of Africa from the Cape of Good Hope to Cairo. German child labor laws define chil dren as boys and girls less than thir teen yeau of age and those older who still attend school. Small Black Hat w - r fi ' V ff ? gl WHATEVER the shape or the size of the hat, very tall trimmings are given preference. High effects In coq, hackle and burnt ostrich are all In evi dence. High quill fancies, alone or in combi nation with bands, are favorably men tioned. The majority of these are made bf coq or goose feathers, wonderfully col ored. Odd-looking birds with tall, slim tails are smart. Long pointed wings of hackle are to continue a Btrong fea ture. The new floral toques and hats are delicious. They are dainty beyond all words, and they are, almost all, be coming. . A turned-up hat I saw recently was a symphony In violet. The crown was completely covered with exquisitely made violets, and the mount which stood out at one side was made of vio lets and violet leaves. Then the brim of the hat was covered with chip In a dull shade of violet, and the intention Is that a white lace veil should accom pany this particular model. This style of hat Is very fashion Last Rose of Summer in Millinery THE heart of the summer could not be more fully expressed in any apparel than it is In these two ex quisite hats. Full-blown roses, of the large garden variety, are used on both of them. The first hat, rather small, shows a marvelously clever and orig inal combination of the simplest of millinery materials. It Is made of black silk braid and blue satin rib bon over the lightest of frames. There Is a finish of horsehair braid forming a ruffle about the brim edge. The materials are put on the frame In the simplest possible manner, a row of braid alternating with a band of rib bon. The edge is bound with a nar row fold of velvet to which the ruf fle Is sewed. There Is a facing of thin satin In black. One large full-blown rose la mount- ed at the back and a sister rose sets close to the left side near the edge of the brim. The model is finished by sotting small green buds and little sprays of foliage about the crown and brim. The charm in this modal Uea Effectively Trimmed v able In Paris. Some of the new floral toques are rather wonderful in outline. They are made with turban brims and very high pointed crowns, the latter completely covered with small flowers. In other cases the entire toque Is cov ered with flowers and a butterfly bow in black moire or black satin Is Intro duced at one Bide. Either design la extremely effective. A great many pure white silk hats are worn, especially In the morning, In conjunction with smart tailored sulta In white serge or , pastel tinted cloth. These charming hats are as a rule made with flat, narrow brims, and In many cases the crowns are high and Btraight, like the crown that was so much admired when It was Intro duced some time ago. White peau de Bole or white shantung is a favorite material for covering these hats, and some charming little models are en tirely covered with lengths of ribbon Which show a picot edge. The small black hat shown above Is edged with lace and tastefully trimmed with a large bow of cluny; lace and aigrettes. JULIA BOTTOMLEY. 1 In Its airiness and originality of design. From the establishment of Lewis, In Paris, comes another simple and striking hat for the end of the sum mer. It is a blocked shape of hemp tilting upward at the back. Except for the wreath of full-blown pink roses which extends over the crown and en tirely across the hair at the back, and a flat sash of ribbon which slips through Blashes In the crown and ter minates la a bow on the bandeau, the shape is without decoration, This model was made for no less a person age than the Princess Zezlauoff, on whom It la pictured. No flower la quite o appropriate when the summer has reached Its height as the big garden rose for trim ming mid-summer millinery. But It must be cleverly handled. An ap pearance of weight or overelaboration is out of place at this season. The two models portrayed here demon strate more clearly than worda that excellence of simplicity. JULIA BOTTOfcV.iY. I