Pago Six
THE EUGENE GUARD
Saturday Evening, Fchi
l'kosphorus on ljuie cuuuly farms
iu pruiituUiu uuiy ou old wuru tfiuiu
lituutf, rtd Dill iuntU oud Home oilu-r
ueid ixuvt luiriy ferule. freight
tiiaitea on the long bliiiut'Utif m gut-
ung H here ute loo high to penuit
fiicrul uue ou other types ot laud
u.-vu tiiuuli it given rettpoue in lur
gt r crop jeidH. Nut maximum yield
out luuximum prut.tuuie yiejus juh
Uiy uiim.atiuu of iiuy leriilmer. Xo
lua.mum a supply in uvuilutde form
is tue uiiutspuuruH problem.
iLiniig tue ret u run uud profits or
1, I . vt uiem in reeo mine mud be to re
t)..-iii.ve uxu is imide of phoKpiioriu
iU imuv eoiiuly. bucli tests are coir
dueled by ome growers and just re'
ceutiy a potutu grower of the Spring
livid district reported to Hie but ion
p rot i table mi-reusus from phonpliurus
ou hia crop.
pnsptioruft Necessary
1'hoHphurua in one of the ueuessury
plant luod elements for the growth
of ull crops. About two-tlnuU of
the plioupiiorus taken by the crop
goes to the Heed tind is lust from the
farm when the groiu is sold. The
only means by which this loss can be
made up in general farm.ng is pur
chase of phoHplmie teruii.er. In
this respect it differs from potas
sium winch remains for the most part
in the straw uud stalks of the plants
and can be returned to the soil. Ni
troy. 'ii can be gathered from the air
by iiieuus of a legume crop which in
turn can be turned under.
When n gram crop is sold two
'thirds to three-fourths of the phos
phorus used by the crop is lost from
tue farm. The-sale of dairy products
and of livestock is u source of con
siderable loss. Another large loss
occurs in the humlling of barnyard
manure, which commonly handled is
Iu per cent.
Amount Is Low
The amount of phosphorus in many
. Oregon soils as compared with other
plunt food elements is relatively luw.
The brown and the rcdbill soils of
western Oregon show by analysis a
very good total phosphorus content,
but give a profitable increase from
applications of soluble phosphate fer
tilizers. On soils of this type which have
been cropped to small graius for any
JeuKth of time, the increases from
ueii applications are very marked.
The soils are generally acid and have
a high limestone requirement. A lib
eral application of ground Hmestono
will help to make the phosphate al
ready in the soil more available for
crop use.
J. and plaster when used on clover
ou these soils may uid in this re
spect also. The better druined brown
sidls of the valley do nut show as
marked increase fioui the application
of available phosphorus except where ,
they have been cropped continuously
to oue crop. If the phosphorus con
tent of these soils U to be kept up
they must receive un application of
phonpliorus at least once in il rota
tion. Root Growth Stimulated
Available phosphorus compounds
favor the rapid development of the
ytniDK seedling by stimulating the
growth of the root and thus giving the
young plant a good start. 4'hos
phmu temU to hasten (ho maturity
ot' the crop and tho formation of
grain. There may he fully a week's
dft'ereiiee iu the ripentug of n crop
due to un application of soluble phos
. phute. The most marked effect of
phosphorus is In increasing the pro
portion of grain to the straw.
There aro threo phosphate curriers
aside from mixed fertilizers available
for agricultural use in Oregon acid
phosphate, steamed bone meal, and
.raw rook phosphate. Acid phosphate
or superphosphate Is used most ex
tensively iu this Btate.
GIVEN 1011
The pant winter has been one of
the best indicators in determining
the winter hardiness of field crops in
Willamette valley. - Field examina
tions show that winter barley suf
fered very heavy winter injury. "Win
ter ont feedings appear to have been
killed (SO per rent or more, and win
ter wheats other than true winter
varieties arc nlmont totally destroyed
In many sections. White winter
wheat has proved to be the most
cold resistant variety.
This winter has brought out very
distinctly the varieties that will live
to produce crops through extremely
low temperatures, such as recently
prevailed in the Willamette valley.
Common vetch has been injured to
such an extent that the crop will be
materially reduced. Fall seetlings of
purple vetch have been badly injured.
Hungarian vetch and hairy vetch suf
fered little injury ami will produce
normal crops. Old seeding of clov
er and grasses are injured compar
Itively little, while new seeding are
damaged from 10 to Li per cent.
LAYING HOUSE THAT IS EASY TO BUILD
Plans and Directions Given Which if Followed Will Produce Workable Plant for Egg-Laying- Operations at Comfortably Low Cost.
OPEN AWAY f Ri
KEVAIUN&
few' . SL0T"
wx.(i nin m. m- ii i
LOTUS' ' J V jT'. Ii
END 6VS
WHEEUVxiVSTUFF
SIDE
DRY HASH FEEDER ONE TOP BOARD
R " rceuCK REM0VE0 TO SHOW CONST
LENOHT TO SUIT
NEEDS
EXIT RUNWAY
FRAnc
1' STOCK
DRY MASH FEEDER STAND
TfcO6SSCD STOCH
I FOOT OF FEEDER FOR EACH 10 HENS
C.cetch showing tho poultry house completed
Details of exit runway at each oorner of ine house, at left
stand.
(Copyright by XKA Service)
JTiiAci, ,. ., teu, 1-4. .t poul
try laying Iiuiihc of simple construc
tiou lias lieeu di-viaed by tlie poultry
ilepiirlnu'iit of tile New iurk Stale
Ai inildinil Coili'KV ut Cornell Uni
versity. It is odiiptcd to flocks ot 100 birds
or moro. For n iOO-bird flock, Hit
house is lid test wide by lil) feet deep. I
heverul units may be added to hold
ouU b.rds, iu which case partitions
aro placed every feet snd the orig
inal house duplicated for each parti
tioned spuce.
The partitions tuny extend entirely
across, thus sipiiruting the birds into
groups of 100, or they may be put up
to exteud only three-fourths of the
distance from the rear to the trout.
In the lntter case, all the birds have
the run of the entire house.
Ventilation Important
An opening under tho enves fs al
most a necessity during hot wonther.
The opening should extend full length,
front uud rear, of each unit. Doors
are made to fit lightly against the
under side of the rafters, t
Jtoth ventilators are usually kept
open nil suinmer. Jhe front ventil
ator should be opened in cold weather
if there is uny indication of dampness
in the bouse. ' , .
The cheesecloth curtains,' for the
wfndows, slide down and remain ver
tical wheu not in, use.
The sliding ami roof boards should
be matched material covered on the
otltside with roofing pnper.
Kind of Material
A concrete tloor is preferred, nl
though a board floor with upcnitnis
for circulation beneath tho floor tuny
be substituted.
The fruiniug of the house may be
i yellow pino, hemlock, spruce or
fir, depending on availability and
price.
Ventilator boards, ensing, window
sills, cornice, etc., may Le of white
pine.
Siding and roofing limy be of a
cheap grade of white pine, spruce,
hemlock, fir or yellow pine.
The material for this house, de
signed for 100 hens, cons.sts of the
following:
Lumber Needod
1'Jccea Size
i 4 In. x i In. x li ft.
At right, details of dry mash feeder and
x 4 iu. x 6 ft.
1! J in. x U Iu. x 111 ft.
1 1' in. x 0 iu. x 11! ft.
IN t iu. x 0 in. x 12 ft.
It In. Xfl iu. x 14 ft.
2 2 in. x 4 In. x 12 fit.
17 2 Iu. x 4 in. x 10 ft.
10 2 iu. x S in. x 10 ft.
4 2 in. x il in. x 14 ft.
2 2 in. x 2 in. x IU ft.
,4 2 Iu. x 2 in. x 14 ft.
:i 2 in. x 2 iu. x 12 ft.
0 ..1 2 In. x 2 in. x 10 ft.
!l '. Y, In. x Ml In. x 10 ft.
7-8 Material
(Planed, Unmatched)
Pieces Size
1 12 In. x 10 ft.
4 10 In. x 10 ft.
1 H In. x 14 ft.
4 8 in. x 10 ft.
il 0 In. x 14 ft.
II U in. x 12 ft.
ill 0 In. x 10 ft.
I 0 in. x 8 ft.
2 B in. x 10 ft.
2 ' 4 in. x ltl ft.
2 4 In. x 14 ft.
1 . 4 iu. x 10 ft.
2 b" i- 7 b" 9fc' -i 36 -il 6 -t 1 1 l b -tTb'i
T " nTi-'''TOCEiLiro( "a- n I ' 1 '
J r- i 1
II '? j"5r II - iPE?CHef
-TO .11
CHUNO t I II
.. il "".J "
. DIVIDED HERE
t it . ir
Jm . VWATEB STAND fy M"
J - Ef J! gg"
in POSTaieV , S.
Tz s- . g
T in ' in o
.1 , i
? 1
f I
i 9f' 1
, FLOOR. PLAN
Detail of floor plan
a ' niH S 6" i ,-2 6--.
I I U I! B JT I K. -J
i n n ? n ii I
CMESB CLOTH WINDOW
i jy? IM
ic '
FROr5T FRAMING
CONCRETE ' "tZ 1
TAR PAPER - J
4m
CONCRETE '
TAtt PAPER
CINDER OR ORAVEL
CROSS SECTION through CENTtK
of HOUSE T)LE
Front framing, above, of 100,blrd soul try house, and, lower sketch,
cross section through center.
1 rolltf --ply roofing pnper.
8 2 in. iron ImttoiiH.
8 heavy iron hooka.
41) liftht, 8x10 liRlHM.
'J it liftht, HxlO MrIUh.
20 1I)H. 8 penny nniln.
4 lbs. (t-penny nnils. ,
8 lbs. 10-penny nailB.
Federal Farm Facts
1
HIIKUK won a decrease it nbiut
UHl.OOO hend, or nearly 4 per
cent, in the number of sheep and
Jamba on feud Jan. 1, iu the corn belt
ami western states. The estimated
number this year was 4,081,000.
Knglutid ban waived some renlric
tiojiH un tho importation of Amerlenn
edible, animiil fotH. Thin is consid
ered a valued endorsement of Uncle
Sum's meat inspection service.
delicious variety of American np
pies has gained considerable popu
Inrity iu Scotland.
Veterinary colleges in the United
States have reported an increase in
their students last ycur.
Although no statistics aro available
to show the livestock losses resulting
from plant poisoning, estimates Indi
cate an average of it to 5 per cent of
the animals in tho rango area.
Nino million cattle are already un
der supervision fur the eradication of
tuberculosis. More than a fourth of
this number 1b still waiting.
Only about 82 per cent as many
cattle were on feed in the 11 corn
belt states tho beginning of this year
ns a year ago.
Seven years of experiments with
summer fallow land have been con
eluded by the Department of Agri
culture in eo-oneration with the Mon-
1" f' tana agricultural experiment station
i :i in. x rj ft
in ;i in. x 10 ft.
Il a in. x Wl ft.
0 - in. x 14 ft.
Matched Lumber
7-8 In. x 0 iu. x 12 ft KW lul. ft.
7-8 in. x tl in. x 10 ft.. . . . .fttlS bd. ft.
7- S In. x 4 in. x 10ft Ul'J bd. ft.
Foundation and Floor
5 yards gravej.
Mi yards sand.
'M sacks cement. f
4 rolls, 1-ply tar paper.
8- 8 iu. x ! in. klt.
Mlsoollaneoui
4 pair 4 in, butts,
10 pair it tn. strap hinges.
5 psir It tn. T-hinges.
i l pair 0 in. 1 -buiccs,
I 'J ft. Mi In. chain,
i 40 ft. clothes line.
4 yds. 110 in. cheesecloth.
1- yds. 'J In. mch, 5 ft. poultry wire.
I 4 yd. 1 tn. mexh, .'to in. poultry wire.
1 7 ydn. 1 in. meh. IM in. poultry wire.
' 1 ndls M-ply roofing pnper.
..It in, x 14 f t. iteur Havre, Conditions were less fa
vorable, than the average.
(ireenhousn tomatoes ripened on
the vino are superior In flavor to
those grown outdoors in warm sec
tions and picked unripe, to get them
to tho distant consumer without un
due Ions, tho Department of Agricul
ture finds.
(Ity NKA Service)
JJTOCKTUX, t'nl., Keb. 14. Har
vesting, grading and sacking on
ions by machinery is the newest thing
in California's oniou industry,
Hoscue Zuckermau, who farms
some -TOO acres of delta land in San
.loatjuin county, has introduced tliiu
idea and proved it practical.
Kor in imy years Zuckerman has
been produc-ng large crops , of oniojis
and potatoes. The ,l;ibor , retpiired
entails u big financial outlay. Oui4ia
must he set out hy iiund, weeded
by hand and the common uractiee Is
to pull and sack them hy hand.
Zucikermau has employed several
hundred inen to handle his onion
crop. Last year, as the outcome of
five years of experimenting, he plac
ed in operation an outfit which enabl
ed 15 men to accomplish what it had
taken 100 men to do under ordinary
conditions. ,
Quicker Way (I
1'nder ordinary harvesting meth
ods a crew of men Is turned ir::
in a field to pull up the onions and
leave the in in wiudrows on the ground
to cure.
Then, inatend of. sending the men
back to sack the onions, Zuckerman
sends in a mechanical loader which
runs along picking up the onions and
dumping them into a large cart. This
loading outfit operates like a potato
digger with its continuous belt con
veying the onions from the ground
to an elevation from which they are
dropped into the cart. It is pulled
by a light tractor.
When a cart is loaded a tractor
is attached and the cart pulled away
while another is put in its place.
It takes three men to complete this
part of the harvesting operation.
Grader and Sacker
For grading and sacking, Zucker
man hits devised an outfit that fills
I more t hit a loOO sacks a dny and re
I quires less than a d'zcn operators.
Kour different grades are used.
The 011:0ns are dumped from the
carts into n largo bin, from which
they are fed on a cli'iited belt car
rier and are carried to the top of the
machine. At the top of the conveyor
runs on the level for a short distance
and the bulk of the chaff and foreign
material is lost.
From the conveyor the onions roll
into the grading b ns, which are auto
mstically kept shaking. Onions of
j various sizes fall through the slats
iiind arc- automatically graded. Ity
jthe time the onions reach the bottom
. and are ready to sack they are en
tirely free from chaff and foreign ma
terial and have been strictly graded.
' ; Cooking for Hogs
Cooked soybeans will more tlpin
d'Uihle their value its swine feed, ac
cording to tests made at tho hb
agricultural experiment station. This
would be especially practicable for
large-scale producers of pork.
TESTS TO PREVENT
Cold Water Hurts
Fall pigs, forced to drink co!d or
Icy water, show delayed. growth and
development. They d"i not , drink a
much water nfs they should, and it
chills them so' badly that they can't
eat as well ns otherwise, .
WASHINGTON. Feb. 14. Farm
ers are fast awakening to the ueed
of eradicating tuberculosis from the
cattle of the country.
At one time tuberculosis in cattle
was to be found only'east of the Al
legheny mountains. Now iu every
state in tho Union there is some
tuberculosis in cattle nnd swine.
Farmers' orgiinizntitins are finding
it. much to their udvantage to give
I the tuberculin tost to every cow in
their districts.
The test is made hy injecting a
chemical known as tuberculin be
tween the layers of the skin. If an
animal in tuberculous there will he
a swelling at the point (of injection
which can he observed in" IS to 108
hours. ,
The government and state takes
cure of part of the loss of the farm
er who has tubercular cattle. When
a cow proves to be a re-actor, she is
hrnnded, generally by burning a "T"
on the jaw. The owner generally
Rermuds-type onion grown in Tex
as. California nnd louisianna com
prises nbont one-fourth of nil onion
shipments in the t'nited States.
Texas furnishes four-fifths of the
Itcrmudn onions in the country. About
toot). tn 50(H) car loads aro shipped
out of the state annually.
White pine Mister rust In the
northeSNt and northwest, chestnut
blight in the east and south, nnd bark
beetle infestations in the southwest
nnd Incific const were the chief tree
diseitses nnd pests fought hy the V.
t S. forest service last yenr.
An orchard spray program for 102.1
hns been issued for the benefit of
Oregon growers by the state college
extension service. The material coin
posing it wnn gnthered aud arrnngfd
for this bulletin by II. P. Itnrss, plant
pathologist, nnd Iou C-Motc, ento
mologist, of the experiment station.
Itecause of different climatic nnd
other conditions fruit tree diseases
nnd Injects nnd their control are
quite different in the part of Oregon
enst of the Cascades and west of the
Cascades. Since these enemies of
horticulture are more numerous and
destructive In the western part of the
state the mnin progrnin is based on
western Oregon nerds, with outlines
for the eastern districts following.
Copies will be sent free on reiuestt
.This Is Labor Saver
4 kH. -r" f,
If Skin Breaks
Out And Itches
Apply Sulphur
Junt tho moment you apply Men-tho-Sulnhur
o un Itchiiut. burning or
broken out nkln, the itrhing lop
and hlin(t bein, m.v n noteil iikln
uperi.llm. ThiK milphnr preprtion,
miidc Into a pleantnt cold crenm,
,lv mirh a quick relief, even to
fiery ectema, that nothinn ha ever
been found to take its place.
Hecauae of ita Herm-deMrojin
propertiea, it quickly aubdiiea the
itrhinf. coola the irritation and heal
the enema right up. leaving a clear,
amnoth akin in place of nuly erup
tion.. rah, pitnplea or rouxltneea.
You do not have to wait for im
provement. It quicklj ehowa. You
can get a little jar of Rowlea Men
tho-Bulphur at any drug store.
Onion harveatlna machlntry thai raplacaa hand-plcklnq on
farm of Rotco Zuckarman, In San Joaquin county, Calif.
tha.
CONCRETE
BRICK
BURIAL VAULTS
DRAIN TILE
IRRIGATION PIP2
SEWER PIPE
CULVERT PIPE
HOLLOW TILE
BLOCKS
SEPTIC TANKS
Eugene ' Concrete
if Pipe Co.
135 Blair. Phone 90:
r r M sr y -
patented'
HOTEL
RANGES
are.
number t
LANG patented Hotel and Res
taurant Ranges must be superior;
the vast majority of Pacific Coast
Hotels, Restaurants and Logging
Camps use LANG Ranges exclus
ively. This unanimous support
and widespread popularity among
chefs and owners is based upon
years of successful performance;
the result of the famous LANG
principle of construction, the pat
ented LANG firebox and Hot Air
Draft plus superior workmanship
and materials.
Specify LANG In outfitting your
kitchen, your chef will be pleased.
1 . ryrw
Inspect the LANG Hihiro as lllus
trilled below. Oriclnal in detail.
tested by years of nractienl service, demanded
by efficient hotel, restaurant and logging ramp
owners, we offer for your consideration a.
worthwhile Western range.
F. S. LANO MANUFACTURING CO.
Factory 2756 Klrst Avenue So., Seattle
CHARLET'S BARGAIN STORE
S3 West 8th Street
EUGENE, OREGON
a
gets about two.tliirds ot the value of
those affected.
Jt is impostfihle to tell by external
&liipurances, cxieiit in extreme cases,
whether the snimul is affected. Often
a very lieulthy looking cow will be
affected.
The tuberculous cow is not only u
menace to other cattle but is also a
common ttource of infection to noun.
Swine seem to be extremely suscep
tible tv tuberculosis. Many buycrsr
offer 10 cents extra per hundred ns
a premium for hogs which come from
a county where all cows are tested
and certified.
' Most progressive dairymen have nd
opted whut is known as the accredit
ed herd plan. After two successive
annual texts are made nnd herd is
found to he not affected the owner is
given a certificate by the state ami
federal government.
Cattle from accredited herds nre
selling much higher at all community
public Bales.
Farm Pointers
Many poor hatches are caused by
neglecting to test incubator thermom
eters each season, say poultry au
thorities at the Oregon station. Ther
mometers may be tested by placing
the bulbs in water hentcd to Km de
grees, using a clinical or doctor's
thermometer to check with. Any dif
ference which may appear can then
be taken into account in reading.
Hinry 14 ,
JQlNSJUSHCtt
OI(K(
Brown rot mummies, dead twigs
and purs, nnd mildewed twigs should
be pruned nnd removed from or
chards, as they lessen the sources
of future spring infection, and sup
plement the regular spray program,
advises the Oregon experiment sta
tion. These should be burned, for in
many cases if not burned, the disensc
spores arc formed just the same,
causing much trouble later on.
The spring application of bordeaux
is not satisfactory for the clean up
of anthracnose in a badly affected
Oregon orchard. A new spray pro
gram by tho experiment station ad
vises bordeaux mixture added to the
July codling moth spray in such ,
cases.. Fall spraying is no longer:
recommended for this disease of i
weather conditions nt that time of ;
the year, which favor infection nnd j
interfere with spraying. f
IKCAV 4,.,
orKaUi2v,r rrr' ft. 1::
Creameries. The orgaiLt"Mri''
assoeiatioa w ini,ia8" ' .1 ,i:
effort of ,,e 'k,b ,4.
commerce, t,0 ,)ai ,:
Agricultural coll,., V'1
coal nf ,1 1" uah.IL.
e and raise ,) quali, '
inado by i ,,, ' r...' h,,..
mate object of fi , " '
tnZ ,ketr,,''b.tS'
Other creamer , i
llic asoelatiua iaclu, .. , '"' '
operative, '! L"l IV,
l'aul: Hood Hi,.. 1 1.. ", ... "i .V
er Columl.ia, As,'ria - , '"''
company. 1-errlnn.l; ,',,"
t reamerv .h..i Am-:
I KnouRli creameries of ,1.
have !, 1 n" U-
insure it, MuJZ,!!mu' ,
'meeting i.,,,, , ,.0'"":
! Thursday. Tl,e . ""m t
creamery will a Z' -',
at the ,1 sol t . ' . '"lH"""i.,
pay for inspection of its ' J
dueta by Hie .. ' n"
1 "'wlnr.
Size and shape of batching cggH
are riiaraeteristica the Oregon poul- i
tryinan cannot afford to ignore, pays !
the experiment station. Texture of
nhcll, shape, color, and size of egg
may be transmitted through the offspring.
Mould on sprouting oats may be
prevented by providing plenty of ven
tilization nnd sufficient bent to has
ten growth, nceording to experiments
at tlie Oregon station. Spraying the
trays with, formaldehyde each day be
fore, putting in the oats is also a
help.
CO-OPERATIVES GROW
The 54-4 farmers associations of
1015 reported a membership of (150,
HK and an annual business of $(135,
(00.(MIO..: By J022, 10.100 associations
reoorted a membership of about 2,
025,000 ami an annual business of
more than J2.000.000.000.
DAMAGE FROM DROUGHT
Drought in California not only con
tributed greatly to the severity of
the forest fires last year, but waR
also responsible for many other loss
es. .
"A penny for a cot
ton ball,
A penny for a
needle.
That's the way the
money goes"
OLD S0XG
HOW DOES YOUR
MONEY CO?
Small sums, wheth
er spent or saved,
mount up rapidly.
You must spend
but you can also
save. An interest
account with us en
courages thrift, on
ubling you to make
small deposits reg
ularly at compound
Interest. THAT'S
TUB WAY THE
MONEY GROWS. (
It is easy to open
an account. Just call
and make your first
deposit of $1.00 or
more.
.Bank
or
Commerce
EUGEN E.OREGON
DID IT PAY
TO DO IT?
The hundreds of successful men nnd women vli"
have received a Business College Trniniiijf nt our
School is tho answer.
It's a Good School
and Rates Are Reasonable
We offer you the opportunity of enrolling no
in our Dny or Night Classes for a business train
ing.
Eugene Business College
A. E. KOBERTS, PRESIDENT
Phone GGG W)2 Willamette St. Eugene, 0rog"n
Our Mechanical Planer
. t
fiSSfe C-
and lathe is T"1
piece of machinery
which we turn out
ft, and accurate. rk
With out complfK- 'r
todate mechanical
met. expert
and prompt wnrW
ell
chaw. " I"' '
bent us- W.
..Jar
lal par's 10 '""
Eu
0I8
jene Foundry and Machine Compw
East Sth Avenue
f uThe West's Best"
S. B. FINNEO0
Machine Blacksmithing
Soil Truck Tires; Auto nnd Truck
Wheels and Rims; Oxyacctylene
We carry cnrbitle in enns; also bliifK
and oxygen in m'-s
1