f i "m 1 i (i. .w.u' . '" lS.it.lV:-r." j A Department r.rvo(ctJ to v mage p to .' H'MitTov r.'i'n ... . . . . .at.-u. jk L..n la lnurk avllai 1 l.a Ar4ta) IlrMI4itltil"l''t"u""a4,"'''u"J"' ' "'"wW U fclnT dflM In Vnr Iowa mcnr .n.1l In.lu.trlra and Are lour lorel fcbsnU rll"ll the euKrt if In total trail T h. JjMor ll lIU a rlm"ul a4 e ar ! place to Ibeee tut a mm. Hi local Uaadlaop. Tim rrophct I without honor tn id own country. Ho ibe vllhigt and mll town are without coundeuce ttt their own reaounv. We fc'i-t fuiuiliiir with lliliitf" nlwut u Hint we re a at to miilcrralo their value. It ta f it a ntHinrjr fors ttl hi ranger to mm iki ul hnw u the iel;vlotl opportunities that have Imk u under our no tinman for ycnr. Tli writer while pursuing wtni In- dltatrllll IUVl'tlftlill llll'l KTHllll t ilt thrifty 1 1 1 1 It -lty In t "iitti vnt. It l n cM town tlmt tin llt-r-iilly Ihi-u f.iroI to tin front Uy tl' rt'wiiir of (li'v.niiiifiit mid iiorlliiTn fiH-nry. Hit t'l" tn five rnilroiitlrt, 1 Miiiliitlin of :n,i)0 ami a nuinlxT of uiuUt-ru buliaiiit. Mill the uutlres HOUSE AND BARN FOIt WatrrtowD, tAf rpr fullv rcnIl7.Hl tho a 1 1. or iii ill are rtonlilful iiml WHdiili loun. Ahmit four yenr ano. h- fore tho title of liiimltfratlon ana t npi l Ill tllU'fl (l I " atrniiBiT from tho North tliifttnl Into thin imrt ciilar city, no wn ju-i t-ln.blmr arollMil with DO HIM-Clal lllir pone In view. A rurhmoiie r-'iil oniute lirokor had on his tlt a tract of bottom land, tlmlMMvd, but worthltnn on ac- I ftlKMlA. TlllH III ml , lm.l hawkfd aUiut tho stroot for 75c pir acre, but found no takorn anions the homo dtHMilHtSrn. Tho tract was "no jrood." It wan offcrtnl to thin atronifcr for $1.00 per aero. M-.,t.t ha i.mir nt it? Yon. lie looked It over, examined every acre of It camo hnck to town nna uanueu " $10,000 for the worthless tract. Orent wad the Joy of the natives who were lined up at the various bars, to drink to the health of the "Rucker." But the wicker returned In about a month with another capitnllxt from the North and sold thin worthier tract for $:), 000. But thli wnn not all. Wltmn ninety dnvn the second auckrr broiiKht a third and Wld him tho tlmhe? aloi.o for $r.0,O()0. And then tlie local bankers and conservative capItnllHi kicked themselves for not thinking of It. For years people have been leaving Arkansas and Missouri Koinn west looking for opiortunltlos. To-tlay stranRers are taklm? their places and Undlng money on every bush. The new-comers are simply developing the resources which the natives failed to recognize. This prlncltrfe holds true of a m Jorltv of Indlvldutils in every com munity. We ore too near to see tho opportunities nt our feet. We pass them over and leave them for some one to pick up. The twentieth century for the United States nt least will ho a time of con centration rather than expansion. A ctntury of rural development anil liome-huildlng. Aa has been indicated the people must ret buck to fie 1 1'"1. end Industrial Institutions to reach tl Ir best development must give the worker a chance for o home. Tha Value of a Good Garden. Many people fall to realize the great value of a thrifty, well-kept garden. Even an Inferior one Is much better than none. Vegetables are In dispensable to a family, so far as health Is concerned, to sny nothing of the money saved by not having to buy so much flour and so ninny groceries. It would seem that every man ehould manage to obtnin a piece of ground and see that it becomes well fertilized and enriched nnd then put nntler a thorough state of cultivation before trvlng to plant the seeds. It only costs a little to buy enough seeds for quite a good-Hi.ed garden., THE HOMECROFT From St. Pant Prtnl. By way of affording a practical ob ject lesson in the "Homecroft" idea, George H. Maxwell haa acquired fifty acres of ground at Watertown, Mass. v, n t-Viirttr minutes bv rail- .caa v-- - road or forty-five minutes by trolley from the center oi xtoaiou will be broken up Into small "cref ts" for city workers. There, it is to be presumed, will be illustrated, by de .11 tit a iUffsrant nil uses of bet- 1 LtJ - 1 . to a -n t Tu-hlch character .ze tne homecroft as compared with the tenement-house Idea, in tts applica-i.- Ufa nf ttiA n-varsire Ameri- V1UU -J W ' , , ' , , can wage-earner; especially he whose weekly stipend comes from worn in eity shop or store or factory. Among I " ti'V Y ..... THE HOMECROFTERS' GILD. To Eonbls iVopj to Lire la ThuJr Owa Uuiuo and oa m 1'lcce of Tiwir Own load. CaiXCS FOR FACTORY WORKERS "fvery Child In Garden end Every Mother In llomccroft" l the Motto of the Organlxatlon-A Hun dred Children at Wark In the Unt School Garden t Watcrtown, Mast. KIJWAUD T. HAItTMAN At WatiTtowu, iluuhUHtnt, thi-re In Im'Iii put umh r way wtmt mvm to ho uuu uf tUu uioHt auuv an J iriulliul IIOMECUOFT VILLAGER Aiass. solutions of many of the problems of modern city life ever attempted In this country. It Is In line with the best enterprise for solving the questions of housing, sanitation, ihiiichuou mm morals. As such It should command the attention and co-operation of all constructive hocIuI workers. The ITomeorofters Gild offers garden work nnd crnnsmansnip tut for the street corner, the cheap vli iw u ml the saloon. And It offers In ..i. in i.... I,..,. tiii I'fintniii incut and niilmtantlal Increase In Income to the workers. Tho Increase takes a practi cal form In the shnpo of health from work In tho air, from fresh vegetables and fruits, from a clean environment and from absence of bad habits; from money saved from useless pastimes; from absence of doctors' bills and from a direct return In the way of com modities for use In the home or for sale. Tho founder and main supporter of the movement Is Mr. George II. Max well, editor of Maxwell's Talisman apd ......I.,- nt ti.o 'nt Winn I Irrigation llfllllltll . ' ' Movement. As a student of social con ditions, Mr. Maxwell has conciuuoa ..n...m iii.ttli'monts nnd similar 11111b VI.H p,VJ movements merely scratch the upper surface or the promem aim nil uueny to get under It nnd crowd It out with a better condition. iiis creeu in, "Every child In a garden, every motner i.. a iwiiui.mvift nmi individual. In dustrial Independence for every worker In a home of his own on uie inna. MEANING OP IIOMECUOFT. rv, ntniv! "TTompcroft" Tibs been coined bv Mr. Maxwell to fit the thing he has in mind. The Scotch word "croft" means a very small piece or Inrwt fnrmod ItltotlHlvplV bv Its OCCU- pant but not large enough to yield him iu.iwr ami nnntitltiitn him a farmer. The Homecrofter, therefore, under the 'ondltlons being developed, is a taijor- i.,.. n..in .i, .ri.' aklllcil xrtisan or what not, who supplements his regular In come by, and spends his spare time In, work on the land. His children may likewise be employed out of school hours nnd at other times when they would otherwise be on the street or forced into some one of the street trades to help malutuln the home. For the children the advantages nre ob vious. Healthy exercise in the open air for a purpose, fresh vegetables and other products, and occupation, are substituted for spasmodic exercise under bud conditions, stale vegetables or none ai un, nuu uie gnus- It can be demonstrated that the ordinary factory worker op from one half acre to an acre of laud can earn actually more In the odd time given to his garden than he does from his regular work, taking It hour for hour. The other advantages are evident. THE GII.niIAI.Ii AND SHOPS. As a foundation for the Gild the Wilson estate at 143 Main St. Water- VS. THE TENEMENT. such betterments, either already demonstrated or anticipated, are tnese: 1. Healthier home surroundings, air, sunlight, trees, fl vers; room fnr- rrillHrpn tft errn-m Tin without COT1- tnet urttli tlia rrmt.iimina.tjne' in fluences of crowded city streets and tenements. 2. Diversity in employment and 'haaltrlfnl TBprPBtlnn for th WSffS- earner himself, nd wholesome op portunity for his w.ile and e dren to contribute to the family in nma in tn fmltt-tr-ntinn of an acre. more or less, of ground. This would enable him, especiauy, to Keep ms girls at noma, instead ox cuuiu5 i town, but bet-n p u riband and coo tftfrt.il linn a (iililliall ami li.H' I"' handirritft brk. Tim Innd srotiod Hit tiouite tint prai-t k ail all l u appro 1 r I it t lo the UM uf Knrdtfl) at iimil and laid out la children gaolftia. T.c c:rrctor cf its ssricna ss iiv t J.llfcalH-lh H. Hill of ttrutou. who )er conducted lht Uliuul gurdfUi lu ItrtKikliiiD and Urotou. Over a huu dri'd children nr already at work and iimiiv iiiori. aluiiMt two huinlrixl la all. have applied for hphiv. It la au Inter fttlrig nlKlit, and a Mur cmmiieiitiiry mi hup mil. lie aihiMil atnti'iii. to at- th wlntful lsk of Hi rhlldrnu "not lu II' aa they watch the fori una l ou Bn,l iiiniiir of th hiMtructora an to linw linn? ilii-p will hav to wait tiiy children not conntH-ted with th atlitMtl waicn th workers and play ou lb grounils, ao ttutt It Im btcoiua a chllUn u'a ct-tiier for th town. The opening or th garden school ha aroused un Intereitt Biiuuiit other prl vat organization In the itflghlMirhtiot and the Women' t'luh of Watcrtown tins pHtiibllHhcd another garden achotd, also under Mis Hill' aniMTVlaltm, I mill another oiienetl by the Women Hoclnl Hclenc Club of Newton, win we garden I ou Jackaou Itoad near Non a :i ui in. On th outer Ismndrj of the town, th old Kiiierson Mute ha been pure-hinted and set aside a a garden school for lioya and even men who de aire to do practical work. Th plot In thl garth-u re large enough to iernilt uf practical experiment and to even supply quite a quantity of vegetable, which each gardener Is allowed to ap propriate to hi own use. The only requirement 1 that each gnrdeuer pro vide hi own tool and seed sud pay Htilllclent attention to the Instruction and tti his work to keep hi plot In fair condition aud In harmony with the garden a whole. There 1 in this garden plenty of space not taken and It olTers a unique nnd valuable oppor tunity for auy on desiring auch work. Tin garden la supervised by a young man with practical exitcrlence lu market gardening. WEAVE UEAT'TTFTL THINGS. The weaving department, the only handicraft department as yet de veloped In th (Slid. I supervised by Alls J. A. Turner, formerly with the experiment station for the blind In Cambridge. Mis Turner, assisted by her sister, bus several loom l'idv In working ord.-r und Instruction has been taken up. The aim of the work In weaving, a It will be In other home craft work. 1 not to have a weav ing establishment for the production of eoods. hut to conduct a school In weaving and design where women In the commuulty may learn to do work which ninv le carried on in their homes. This, as in the case of the rfift vnrli. will onntile them to OCCUDV spare time, which would be otherwise wasted or Improperly spent, m con I. Wnlthv and remunerative em ployment. It Is hojied and believed that such work will enable many women who have to supplement their Income to do It in their Homes ana noi be forced Into fuctories and other un satisfactory conditions. A system will be developed whereby looms will be supplied by and the product sold through the Gild. By this method ex penses will be kept at a minimuna and the highest profit accrue to the workers. HOME LANDS IN SMALL PARCELS. The more far-reaching and substan tial feature of the movement Is the acquisition and subdivision or, land Into small tracts for actual croft purpose as outlined above. This close iv n.unmliloH the sell cm ps develoned In Ultchla, Port Sunlight, Bournville and Looking Across Tract, Showing Growth of Barley Raised Thla Year. Irrigation Canal Furnishing Water tor Tract. f V ' 1 ' v I .iA,, j . SCENES IN OUTSKIRTS OF PHOENIX. ARIZONA. SHOW .NO SITE FOR FIRST ARIZONA HOMECROFT VILLAGE. elsewhere In England. It will not be out of place to outline the Bournville plan which Is Identical in many re spects and has been carried out to an assured success. - This model village was started in 1879 when Messrs. Cad- bury Bros, removed their wonts ironi fhitm tn ftth TunHirw or shot). 3. Reliable occupation arl sup port for the wage-ear sr himself, in lease of a temporary loss of his regu- iim tuijj.v j,M... intBtiatvelv cultivated and irrigated, I.. .mnlnvmatit An ACTA OI ETOUllU. !will support a family. 4. Opportunity to set up, in the homecroft, little handicrafts for the products of which there is a constant demand: such as special lines of weaving, knitting, rugmaklng, cah inetmaking, basket weaving, turning in wood or bone, instrument making, maniifactnrars of leather, eloves. etc., etc. The distribution of power from electric wires, or the use of lit- tia o-ncnHne engines, in Tillage i oi homecrofters, may demonstrate that tit a rnnrantration of thousands of wnrVar In exeat factories is not, after all, in a great many lines of In i itirt..im't.iiiti tfli fmltit fuur mile frtxu ill city aud erttl tw?utr-fuur bun for Ut workmen. Mr. ueorg fadiitiry, from Mm; observation and eiprrlruc. concluded tiiitt the only prai tUal way lu tlve tb problem war j?, t! f"t"'7 ""rT '" ' land Where b uilubt puru th ua ttirl and btwhhy re n uliuu of rdcn lug fay Mr. W. Al.-iuud.-r llnr- lu M look ou Uournvllle. "It w -INMtsitde for workliuf men to it health j and have healthy children, when after being conlllied all dsy In fitttort.- tbfy siit their wvenltig In au litstltut, club room or pulilic Ijuum. If II wr tirttiuMtry fur their health, a H doubtedly , Uiat Uey should get View lo Orchard, Bbowlu Trolley Llo by Wbleb Boitoa ui IlMt'DKd. la Forty-UTS Mloutct. i : . (- ' I 'j, " Vtl ' LANDS AT WATERTOWN. MASS, THAT WILL BB SCBDinDED FOR HOMECROFT VILLAGE. fresh air. It was equally to the advant age of their moral life that they should be brought Into contact with nature. There was an advantage, too. in bring ing the worklncman on to the land, for Instead of bis losing money In the "amusements usually sought In the towns, he saved It In his garden protl u,,p a great consideration where the poorer class of workman was con cerned." And nguln. "The cultivation of the soli Is certainly the best anti dote to sedentary occupation of those working in large towns. A primitive Instinct is lnduged, the full value of which (eems hardly yet to have been realized. Many believe. Indeed, that with Its encouragement the abuse of the social club aud the public-house will be materially lessened, and one of the greatest social evils of the time disappear. (The experience of Bourn ville certainly gives support to this conclusion, for nearly every house holder there spends his leisure in gard ening, and there Is not a single licensed house In the village.)" SEVEN HUNDRED DOLLARS FOR A HOUSE. The houses of Bournville were built with special reference to cheapness, artistic development, sanitation and convenience. At a cost of from $700 to $2500 each a much higher grade of home than the workers had been ac customed to was provided. Rents range from 4s. 6d. to I2s. per week, not including rates; and the death rate of nineteen per thousand in Birming ham has been reduced to six and nine- dustry, a necessity for the -ttainment of the best results. 5. A growth of cd-operatlon, which wiii give to tne nomecroit serae matit all fha nd vantages of the ci J in at-hnnla. libraries, hospitals, enter tainment halls, water supply, electric lights, improved roads, etc.; wnue the cultivation of each separate acre or 'croft' will be facilitated by the co-operative ownership of the numer ous expensive nieces or iarra ma chinery now to be found on the best larere farms, but which could not be afforded by the individual crofter. 6. The fosterine of a sturdy, Inde- I pendent individualism, to hich nothiner contributes so mue as tne ownership of a home and a conscious npss thnt one can "make a living" iregardless of any boss. Concurrently with sucn Betterments tenttia t-r ttiniiKnnd ill I'.oun.v ill-. Tl garUiU f.-aturea lu lUiuiutillc are iJlnlilitil Willi iiimh tr ptoitaitm lit uioat t ttitet ix-iog tuttd for eoiite In, Bower, vegetal ilea and fruit. To rHuui t the 11U rtifter t!l!d. liut i mm l.lii.. I .,.l in Mr. Mittiir plan. In that h aitnt to attach lo each home etto 3.- land to miike It a feature and iut inertly an liicldfiit In tin life of tti worker, and U la added th cruft work for wo men and for men kit lit winter, lie already hit under way plan tor au taperituentul group of four bUe under on rtMjf, to l planil at the ceutr of a aquare t a to m-cur the grealt-t ecuuotujF of space and pluee K Sonny Slope Cor Uerrlt and 'egr tablr. the worker in direct contact with his land. These plan are being prepared by Mr. Alien W. Jackson, the archi tect Rnmotlitno' vctr fiftv acres of land have already been purchased for subdi vision nmi Imrirovement. This will be sold to worklngmen for homes for prac tically what It cost in large tra.is, pius the Cot of division ami improvement A special plan is to sell homes to In dustrious working men on a long time, on the monthly Instalment plan, at a rate which will be no more than Is 11 v mi Id In rpnt. but which will create a sinking fund that will pay the purchase price and In the mean time carry what win amount to an in surance policy covering the amount of the purchase price remaining due, so thnf if tho nnrchnspr should die the nronertv would tro to his family with out further payment FOLLOWS SUCCESSFUL ENGLISH PLAN. -The movement Is not Intended to be an Isolated one as the snops ana gardens are open to any one w ho will use them in the right way. Mr. Max-n-pll fpls thnt Isolation has been the cause of failure In such attempts and that the people or tne community must themselves become a part or sucn a t- If It Is to succeed. Here again the scheme resembles that of Bournville. There, though practically Ui the houses have been built by the management only forty-one and two tenths per cent of the occupants work in the village. Eighteen and six-tenths per cent, work In villages within a mile and forty and two-tenths per cent, work in Birmingham. Fifty and seven-tenths per cent, of them are em ployed at Indoor work In factories, thirteen and three-tenths per cent, are clerks and travellers, and thirty-six per cent, are skilled workers and pro fessional men. By this arrangement a normal community life Is main tained. The Homecroft Gild is being developed along the same lines. OVERCOMING PHYSICAL; DEGENERACY, m,,-. rn,i to tint mnfclne the mistake lur ' " of trying to make farmers pure and it f,f nltv workers. Such a hard and fast line between city and countrv will always lead to failure. Mr. Maxwell says: "Give the city -n--iri.-or a linmf ill the suburbs, where he can have' a garden and a poultry vard. and where nis ennuren ran uarc cnnoiiino nmi fresh air without stint, o rwl in-ill Tnnvp inrcplv done away with the terrible evils that are cursing the 1.11T111.1 -i v. . our great cities physical degeneracy tnWnna tiii fnn2-pste(i Quarters oi tnk.mn na 1 (171,1 ROC III 1. U1U1HI. HUU political dangers too numerous to be enumerated. rienry tv. wuuj de scribed the antithesis when he said, i.n.u niti.m otoTiriinir In the doorway of his home contented on this thres holdhis family gatnerea bdoui uib hearthstone while the evening of a iidv closes in scenes and sounds that are dearest he shall save the republic when the arum tap is futile and the barracks are exhausted. m.. iTmnnmft fin,! tins other dans 1 11,: lHJini v iu . . . t i mm od n to contemmauuu. aicoi. 'in the condition of the wage-earner, trie eeneral carrvine out of the home croft idea would relieve the con gestion of population in cities, and greatly assist in their development aloni? those lines which are o much better than mere bigness. A hun- jj a ml vr a million neorde U1CU (1U1A3(...U living on small tracts of land, wi in an hour's ride of a city would make fT mora business for the city, Of (every desirable kind, than the same number closely pacsea m ." The "homecroft" experiment not A ujt. tnA sfittlement lost- ZO UO 11111 1 I TL. 1U - Lred by Mr. Maxwell near Boston. The idea combines wnn i ,"66 C a -Kattrmant3 the prOD- ability of very satisfactory re.urns to the owners of vacant lands, near cities, who may be disposed to ex periment with it Itioenlx. Arl..ui. a farm of one U died u 1.. I ity acre h.i ln tun..-., into a liometroM iila(;. Ibr httid 1 r-iN-vialiy aiUiiled lo rainiuij laoie and I Uleler one of t!il beat water rtghu lu th rctiioa. l ive t.- Irarla Urn .. m-r-- Tb new govei timetit rtwtvolr halt Uttfer and dilteu Wells ou the properly, limine a permanent supply of water for Irlit;itlloU and therefore uiif.illiiisj t r.ip. The iiiiibrtitkltig. whil practlenl aud roiiatruciir In every eue, me Iniended rather a model to lio what ran In dmi In any coinniuiiity lu tlit country, Japau. with iity iwteii (ht cent, of her total population working la part or entirely ou the bind, ha Ucutue a htnd of garden where hopele poverty U a 1 1 n -t tinkieu and when t jlierculiwls I a nei.l..M bit quantity. America can take car of It hopt-lctt thouxitnd iu the sain way, first by putting htie Into them and then by putting them where they may attain It, It I to the promoter of our rreat Industrie that we mini look for help In great part, but public sentiment and sympathy will move the promoter and reach the problem. The Homecrofter Gild promise a start which ought lo weld together tie country and the city into one Inde structible whole and, supplemented by proper charity administration and nunc vugrancy laws, remove entirely the possibility even of a "submerged tentu." Parking for the Tovra, The town parks, or the town or village square are the lungs of It citizens. If the town Is growing, it Is noae too noon to start a movement to provide for the securing of ample town park ing. The land i increasing; when the town has doubled and has become a small city. It will not be so easy to secure site, readily accessible to the people, without paying an exorbitant price. Secure first the land; it is not Important that a large amount of money nhould be nt orice expended uon Its beautitlcation. possibly it needs but little, since nature may have made It more beautiful than can man. It Is not necessary that it should lie transformed Into carpet beds of flowers and trimly kept lawns. If it affords sunlight and a green relic" of urns and trees for the eye. It becomes a civillzer and ou equalizer, for the poor as well as the wealthy, a restinst place where a man may forget, for the time, some or His gtruL'Cios aim his anxieties In a contemplation of what God has made. The park should be kept. In fact, as natural as Is consistent w ith its use a such. It Is never too early, however, to secure its site, with a view to the building up of the community, when land values will necessarily increase. Distribution of Immigrants, the Solution. If there were only some practicable way of distributing immigration mora ami a lltr nmnnc all th DOrtS Of the country the congestion and segra- gation phases or this promem wouia ou nearer solution. It can be accom plished in but a small degree, since it will only be done if answering au economic demand, as In the case of the Galveston-Bremen service. Wlsa nr.ii Troll nrtmnized effort to Induce Immigrants to pass through the large ports by finding ana insuring uieai tho interior and by in- CIU.UJ - - forming them of opportunities else where, Will OO mucn to improve iui dltions. The self-interest of states, moniT nt xchich maintain immigration agencies, might also be brought mora generally into play to attract the In dustrious and ambitious new comers to their farms and smaller towna. Improving School Grounds. In Rochester; N. Y the school authorities grade and sod the school yards, while the shrubbery and othei planting Is by private effort in con junction with the school children. Ample land is furnished for decorative playground purposes, and most exemp lary results have been obtained. Wherever anywhere in this country there Is Any One who has the Spirit of True Patriotism and Genuine Love of Humanity in his or her heart. "The Coming People" By CHARLES F. DOLE should be the first book to be read There is a multitude of thinking people d th dancers the future holds for our country unless we reach a wise solution of tbe tremendous social prooiems mac confront us. The spirit in which we should approach the consideration of these problems is set forth in this remarkable book in a way that must be an inspiration to every truly hu mane and patriotic heart Let the spirit of common sense and opti mism and fundamental economic and phil osophical truth that pervades this book be taken as the underlying motive of the movement, and the Creed and Platform of the Homecrofters as the practical plan to work to, and the rest of the great social questions are certain to be rightly solved by application to them of the sound and humane principles that will guide the action of our people upon all great national ques tions. One copy of -The Coming People post age prepaid will be mailed to any ad dress Tin the United States for twenty-five cents. , , Oti. copy of both -The Coming Peopled anil "The First Book oi "Maxwell's Talisman" monthly for the oMheyear 16 will be I to any address In the Umtea maxe. u-j , -r,m atawms to The Home- erofter. 143 Main street, Watertown, Mass. (