us I I i i PAGE THE INDEPENDENCE ENTERPRISE IN iDEPENOENCOREOON ewwT Trees Due to miwyvn WW nv&? we dinner coqks Culinary operations need not suffer as the result of the growing importance of the little kitchen garden. . The G-E Electric Range allows such perfect heat control that any rneal can be .kcd "by the clocK" wmoui ieu4 "-o , coo Telephone Main 6011 and ask about our whole year pay plan. Mountain States Power Co , 1 The Independence National Bank ' OFFICERS. H.'HIRSCHBERG, Pres. D. W. SEARS, Vice-Pres. " IRA D. MIX, Cashier. INCORPORATED 1889. Transacts a General Banking Business-Interest Paid on Time Deposit DIRECTORS-H. Hirschberg, W. H. Walker, D. W. Sears, I. A. Allen Otis D. Butler ' 8 (Prepared by Oregon AsHcunural Collea Snrlnu- illUirV Of frilll WW 1 lc Aa tn acute nitrogen starve- tion (luring the most active vegetal no period in the life of the tree, accoru.. . . ihnrr recently developed by lr. A. D. Cordley, dean of agriculture and director of 'the experiment aiauu. . One of the most important pathologi cal conditions of fruit trees In humid sections of the Pacific norinwes.. the ailment commonly known as v. n ter kill." or "sour sap" because of the t,,PA nnd time of the injury. m J..iin "Hnrine iniury," is BUR- tod hv nr. Cordley. "The extent and importance 01 twv vflrifls with the location and the seasons." reasons Doctor Cordley. "but nearly every year the injury is sen ... m some or all parts of the humid sections. Last spring a 70-acre pear orchard loaded with fruit spurs tor a iu to 15 thousand dollar - crop was so badly injured that fewer than 300 whois nf fruit were sold. The or chard has been so impaired that its value has run down from $000 or 700 an acre to $250, as inventoried by tne owners. The loss In crop and orchard has been to date not less than $25,000 to f35.000. j "Many ' thousand acres of orchard have suffered in like degree." Injury is usually more serious, uoc tor Cordley points out. on heavy soils with poor air and water drainage, but is also sometimes serious with trees on thin or gravelly soils on hillsides. The disease frequently affects most seriously the largest and apparently the healthiest trees and the greatest injury occurs during the period of cutest activity, from a short time before the blossoming to three or four weeks after, during the first 10 or 15 years of the tree's, life. Injury is In variably most serious following an earlv- spring succeeded by several weeks of cold, rainy weathre. Symptoms of the trouble are discol oration of the cambium followed by a failure to set fruit even though the trees bloom profusely. The leaves wither and fall, twigs or branches die, and the entire tree may be killed to the ground. Some' investigators have thought that the injury is due to excess of water or deficiency of available oxy gen. Frost injury has been advanced as . cause of spring injury. Serious spring injury occurs when it could not be due to frost and is not at all in pro portion to the intensity of the cold. Dean Cordley says the temperature in the orchard sections of the humid northwest rarely or never falls low enough" in April or May to cause ser- Hous injury to the trees, although it may occasionally damage the fruit. If acute nitrogen starvation ,is tne cause of the injury, the most vigorous trees in the most active vegetative period would naturally suffer most se verely, since their needs are greatest THE SWANS OF YPfiES PKOKKSSJONH COLIM? A Grocery That Never Disappoints Gustomers Groceries aTfiMriftcf-A Not Best Because Biggist Large yuanuues . . mm V But Biggest Because Best Nn Order Too Large To Fill -h TzhrTZ- xt. r-A. TArt Small Tn Fill r" l- "iU" m, . r,i... a! sa tiio" Pnhlie Pleasantly and Well The Goods We Sell are Just as Represented and When Drders are Given We NEVER DUPLICATE. We aena xou juss nuai u Never Send the "Just as Good" Kind. Fennel Pondweeds Clog Water Canals Calbreath & Jones ft DO YOU READ THE ENTERPRISEr Tho T parlincr and Largest newspaper in Independence as well as most widly read nitron "'ay ...... ... ,,r,,u.l amounts It " ' . 8"" " .. ...... I... BVll llt'ld Ooctor foni " ' ,. liy crlt. for tlioUBeoimo -" ;.. porlod of Hs tll i .i 1U II II 1111 Since xmvor - , theform of nitrate - . ... 1. 111VA llt'OU l-i-" " soiuuw, .1 "".' , ... i,,rv .. ..... tin,., of spring Injur) whon the trs need It mo, it is possible that even uiohm We Present the P 'T.v ...1. 1.. r,T.iinl amounis. w.- auu uu. f - ,,,.,,, have suffered from .uu- -; ..... .iim t in very ." X r Z. Son, na,y- mad, Si Doctor Cordley i anion. In the more irm.... alnod and hs acid soil. tl.o pro-: cesses of nitrification doubtl. to keep up a constant thou, often an InsuffU-lont supply of mtrat.H and sprinK injury rarely or never occurs in orchards on sucn su. ' The rate at which nitrification Uke placo is detonuined by the comlltlnnH of heat, air, ond moisture prevailing In the soil. Thus It conies about na turally that the most seriouH spring injury occura upon cold, acid, and noortv draliu-d soils. The scarcity of available nitrates in ,n t caused by leachinB the ac cumulated nitrates or by conditions which inhibit the process or mumta tmn t. the time when a new supply of nitrates is most needed. Should this spring injury theory prove to bo me explanation of sour sap. It may ' nvninln. thinks Doctor Cordley. cherry tree gumosls which he considers dlf fnra little from spring injuries of oth er trees. It would also explain the cause of the rapid yellowing of thou sands of acres of grain on poorly drain ed soils. It may likewise account at least in part Tor the slow early season growth of spring planted crops cm colder soils. Proof of the correc tness of the' tin ory would likewise suggest the rem edysuch measures as may be neces sary to provide a necessary supply of nitrates to carry the trees through the. critical period of a week or two before blossoming until the soil conditions become favorable for nitrification. The quickest and most readily avail able method of supplying nitrates Is a light application of nitrate of soda some 10 days before the trees blossom. The liming of acid soils, drainage, early cultivation and the growth of cover crops also tend to favor nitrifi cation. It the natural processes of nitriflca tion are to be relied upon, Doctor Cordley thinks the soil must be put in the best possible condition to pro mote this process prior to the time of blossoming and kept in that condition until danger of injury Is past. Unless this is possible, he says he can seo no alternative but a light application of nitrate of aoda. ..It... ,1W... wiwro mi-niiMi"- .... ... i,iv: :'iy " no hurry ah.... "IS' 1 V T1y mv. hr.l J-V-J ron.o mM '1"" ,i!.a.trou Thry hvo " tliliiK". . . . ... . . iKolr tinull When It" ' r "V.. ' V ..I nsa. DR. ELLSWORTH THE VTKEIUNAftUN 10th and II. Strati. Phono M -3122, SWOPE & SWOPE Lawyers I. O. O. F. Buildiw Independence, , . On, WHY WORRY ABOUT your noon lunch on them bu.y day. when you cm jt i quick meal at th PALACE Mut .treet. Lunchei from It a. & until 2 p. m. and from S p. m. . til la p. m. 1 , 1 When " " , , . .,, fr.t c.KMr , .... . 7u , w Sahara Desert Once Well Watered ana r-crmc professor of Egyptology . . . f..,m.. ..ml h.tntor frm ;i;,:,Snh,tn. XMn. .uovln Krudnully ,,,. thrmigl. u rm ... -ntstern Afrl.-n. loete-l where 't i,i.w He. accnllutf to t. -.- Henry !reii"t'd. r..r.-.'r "i 1- toU.gy mid orienun -- verstty of t'lileiigo. I.M-t.,r r.r.-..Mt.d sui-l that IhU all ,,,,,,,...,,,.1 nl".t the tln.e oftl.e Mne aire Kirvpt wim t"e' .'. ,t It gmdni.lly dniU.e.1 out Int.. the M-cllternineon. l.-nvlnk' Hie ..'.....,. H.-re the hunters were ff..rde. every imtn.l re....ir.e and feun.!e. 11 rlv lllzntl.m whirl, outstripped hurope. It ,v's ..Lout or :!."N. It. ,thnt Kwyi.t hi.'l ."v","""", IniiliO',' 0.UU...1S rf x.'i.N. The uniln t pi ,.1,1,-r iliM.i th.it foun-l lu Al.. wiyti Pnrtor i:rr:ited. and cuttle uti'loubt ,,llv Iim.1 th-lr ..rl!u In Afrlr.i. Th Htoll" lige f.-Utldrr -r I f.M" vil..prd frm hunter P furiiitTH and tl blest 111. -tin ui-ir.ni..-..." nm.le hv himiiin ug.-nry. They i-vl-.1. ,iu,.,,v.T.(l the iii. inl there; and h (.vsteui of writing wiin evolved In Kgypt thousands f jeur. UTorc Christ. ( I LCTCHKH & n VRitltJK, ATTORNEY'S Cooper Iluildlnf INI)ITENiENa; .. OREC01 FEDERAL FARM LOAN'S 54 Introst 34H yari ttw 1 rrompt and efficient wnfet 1 Oregon National Firm Lou ' Association ' Largest In the Northwt 1 A. C. Bohrnstead, Secy-Trw 1 401 Maaonle Temple, Stlta.On' . Aquatic plants choking the canals of Hermiston and other irrigation dis tricts of Oregon are fennel pondweed and not, as frequently thought, either ditch grass, moss or alga, reports W. E. Lawrence, assistant botanist of the I station at the agricultural college, af ter a preliminary investigation. Professor Lawrence was assigned to the 'problems of determining and con trolling the troublesome plant on re quest of farmers and ditch supervisors who have been greatly damaged by the pondweeds. These plants grow from seeds germinated in the silt col lected at the bottom of the canals. They grow quite dense when well established, . several score to each square foot of channel bottom. They are much branched and of height suf ficient to reach the surface, of the water, but are bent by the force of the current UU the tops are kept just beneath the surface, where they form a tangled mass that greatly obstructs the current. .. The carrying power of the ditches is sometimes reduced 40 to 60 per cent by the pondweed, says Professor Law rence. This serious reduction occurs after the waters begin to warm up in the spring, and is greatest by late spring and early summer when water is most needed for the crops. The effect of this reduction on the crop vield and quality causes a heavy fi nancial loss, especially in dry seasons Another loss results from the time, labor and money spent in efforts to remove the weeds. The most effec tive method, says Professor Lawrence, is turning the water out of the canals for five to seven days . in hot dry weather, that the sun may kill the weeds. This interruption to the water suDnlv is likely to prove most serious and was not provided for in the water .iQftrj' pPTements. iisik cauu os vnun BELFFZ RAILWAY. ETectlva 8und Jun tl Th Vallty & Slleu lUiiroiit rum, a train leaving ItnlopecckM 1 7.45 a. m. goto throuch t Caat(S arriving there 10 a. ra. lar'm 4.45 p. m. arriving Independear 7 p. m. leaving t 7.25 p, m. foil, klnt. Sportsmen will bT u f portonlty to whip the LocKr Train will leave Hoiklni to at 6.80 p. m. arrlva In IndeptKs 1A5 p. m. - with partial success for removing aquatic growths from canals in other districts. Hay rakes, drag harrows, mowing machines and chemicals have all been tried in various irrigation dis tricts of the United States, but none have proved entirely satisfactory. The cutting or dragging parts of the ma chine are clogged by the weeds, and it is difficult to regulate the depth and width of action. Running an acme harrow on the canal bottom has proved to bo the most satisfactory method so far re ported, says Professor Lawrence. Tills tool has a series of turned knives which can be set to run at deuth ami angle necessary to cut the, weeds off about two inches below the bottom of the canal. The weeds are then washed by the current down to some bridge or other suitable, operating piace. wnere they are thrown out by men with pitchforks. So thick do the nondweedH so rapidly does the acme harrow do us worn mat several men are kept busy ty a single harrow drawn by two horses, one on each bank of H.o ru.,,,1 uperauon 01 tne acme harrow does not. interiere with the flow of water while the work is going on, and the silt it stirs un gradually .o,iiu(ii.,..,. J "VUIPLI IUIJiy.1 t. IO useii mong me leaky places in the Majority of Big Animals Are Extremelv Lazy tven in Their Native Haunts Tliimuh not c'tternlly known, in.mt of the big ciirnlvorn lire extremely l:.v. In their native haunts only vx- ertlnir theinwlvcs when In Ih-ikI or fund, ami often golnj without It for sheer Indolence. Animals f the z.x.lnglrul Eiirdens olitnlntni.' their food without liny ef fort on their own part grow xtupld and 111 for lurk of exercise. I lie Pac ini: un and down, just before nienl tune Is not sulIU'letit. I'.esldeH. finl- n. uls are like people ; they need rhnngo of scent; and itlr. Fr this renn the fuiluials In a el reus r show arc really more fortunate than their brothers In the zoological gardens. The trlrk iinlmals get plenty of ex ercise during performance, nnd the constant chunge of scene keeps them Interested. Even sucli lleree nnlmals ns leopards, tigers nnd llotin enjoy going through their tricks from sheer relief of the monotony of their cages, nnd often the big cuts are quite play ful during the time of their training, not from nny love of man, but from n love ot motion. ON OLD ACCOUNTS WE GET KESfJITS WE REPORT RESULTS WE REMIT RESULTS . WE TAY THE HPEB WE TAKE THE BLAJH KNIGI1T ADJUSTMENT CO MeMlnnville. Ore Succeeior to YAMOREG COLLECTION AGENCY. - . . WILLARD ) STORAGE BATTERY STAW We aelL Rent and BfP" J terl.- OUR REPAIR or GUARANTEED. 418 Court Street Thona ! channel. Possibilities of control nf t,n , , w LI. V. IJW11U" weed by chetnicalH u-lll ho invuii.i oy l'roiessor Lawrence as soon as he can unu time tor this work. Bumewnai similar to the fennel pondweed nf ..... ditches is the horned pondweed found "1C u.aumge auciies of the ss districts. It is controlled in the be way ame same Oregon Has Young Club Leader One of the youngest boys' club lead w lUD una states is Exie Mor- 6-, ine uaiies. He won his ap id r V Position by somo of the neat pannt., . " """s worn Known in the NOTES OF SCIENCE A Mlssoinlan Is the Inventor of a seed planting attachment that can be uibled to nny farm cultivator. South .Africa has mora than 32,fHK).0()O Kheen. I .rod i win.' nn- minlly morn thun 170,KX),000 pounds of wool. Tint bowl of n new medicine spoon 1ms n hinged cover to re tain Its contents, easily lifted when desired. To enable a mnn In one room to watch n cash register In an olher n device termed a detec- iiiiure nns been invented. Scheme to Fonl tho Tncta wnen Swallowing Medicine Yet another j,v . III.U1VI urviMujr Koine Hoiieme whereby a ARTICU! plCTUi rfH POPULAR MECHANICA A.k them VXZ&K tiU5coln """'ieWINl a M. Mlchl Avon. j -UAVfi- SPERL,NG The' Paijt ToHanT0,K patient may take n disagreeable medi cine Wlllm.lt .Mall.... O T. ii ' 'i. in me new ..I--., u nny cup ia provided which is dipped Inside nn ordinary tumbler. a .ie medicine Is placed In the Inner mp. mid the tumbler Illled with wa ter. The Inventor's Idea 1 H.t ti.o t.... tient simply ,irinks )lm wllUtv wiien!. 'I"n the inedlcluo ulso flows out, nnd flouting upon a fihn of waU,r ,s Bwal, lowed down, without coming into con tact with the tongue. ' Many Are Color Blind. One nmn in every CO in England purl ally or wholly color blind, so t least the tests for the English mer ennti e ii in i- m, ... Professor maintains that the propor I10" Is even lamer. fT F rtflFUr I t . First-Class Wor AUTO, BKi TUtot . PHOJNJ