The Fountain Head of Life
Is The Stomach
A ko hea Hk sad Impaired tlonnch anil who oWs not
properly difatt bit luod Mill mmmi and lhl hia bl.M'J tut become
wee end impvverUlied, ud diet kit bule body it improperly aad
iuBcieullr aouriitied.
Dr. pitiKOir voLon mcoienL Ditaovmr
mailt ! 'saver Hrmi, prmmof lm tlmw !
s"re . rfor re er mppttlf. mthta
(flmllstlmm mtrtttt. ImtlfW ( r mn4
pvrttlf mm earJeAe fae ''. II It fe $rmt ,
ee aaf rtiltMMri f.e. tti aea
ttrmmi Im .er, mtttltt Im mlm4 mm i Imlfmtmt.
Tbit "Dicory" It a para, ftveerie atlraot of America, medical roots,
twoliilaly tree Iron aloobol and all injunout, hahit-lorminf drut. All lit
iafredieate ara prialed oa in wrappara. Il baa no relationship wilb aaoral
BMMtruma. lit every Ingredient ia eediiraed by lha leader all I ha toboolt ol
medicine. Don't accept secret ami rum at eubetitute lor (hit lime-provea
remedy or inown court moN, Alt Voua Numnana. Tbay nuil kaow of
anaay auraa made by it durinf pact 40 yaart, nht In your own neilihorhood.
World's Dttpantary Medical Attooiation, Dr. K. V. 1'ierce, free,, Huflalo, N. Y.
A Comfortable Home
Within a stone's throw of the site
of thu new High School building
One-acre tract In West Independence.
highly Improved. 7-rooin house, a
barn, chicken houap. woodhouae an
other btillritnga. Half an acre jo
atrawberrlcs and all kinds of other
frulta on the place. Price $1000.
gba$. . fiicR$
Agent
Oliver Chilled Plow
jjJT.
IIANNA BROS., Exclusive Agents
for the Olirer Chilled Plow Works
HANNA BR0S.
HARDWAltH AND HARNESS DEALERS
INDEPENDENCE, OREGON
The Willamette Valley Company
Light, Power & Water at Very Reasonable Rate
WATER. RATEfc-CWater by meter applies to resi
dences only.) Residence rate on meter applies to cus
tomers only who pay $2.00 and over at the rate of 20o
, per 1,000 gallons; minimum $1.00 per month.
ELECTRIC LIGHT AND POWER RATE
Residence, l5 cents per K. W.
Business houses, 25 cents per drop and 5 centa per K. W.
Power, rates on application.
OFFICE AT WATERWORKS PHONE MAIN 41
JKE YOUR OWN STOCK FOODS Br USING
SK1DOO HORSE AND CATTLE TABLETS
Crush and mix In feed or salt Proper dose In tablets
Makes Your
Stock Look Like tlie Top Price
. . . hm mrrtfom nHnrJnlat or 4h
Fot Horses. Catt e, Sheep, Swine ana fowi. i cy " ''"U. " a,.,
to "roraud; Capital Stock I30o.ooo.o0i Watertown. South Dakota. D. S. A.
For sale by HANNA & IRVINE, Independence, Oregon
A HOME COURSE
Iff AGRICULTURE
Vb'How Plants Are Propagated
By C V. GREGORY
Agricultural Division Iowa State College
i
N order to continue lo Ml cfops.'or raUe, but before you build Or
from year to year we rouai propa-nurr uu-m amp , mum j
irate the ulanla In some way. I want a crop of clover aeod or not.
i li..ra are two i.rlnrli.al waya of ' Home l-l(.K-r are devrloplng
(IoInk thla-by n and by dirlHlnna
of tiic I'lnnt Itai'lf. Tin iim luixir
fnnt of ttii-ae la by a-Ii, lift It It In
ttila way that limit of Hie orl 1111117
fiirm rropa are iiiuitlplli-il.
atralna of lioiicyliei-e ltb eirppllunal
ly loni; toiiKiit-a. home or lhvr ar
able to olitnln honey from second crop
rml i Inwr which linn a mailer blimtoiiM
thnn the flrnt crop. When thfae airalna
iriil rri'i hi it uiumii-u. . .... j .
Ia order to umli-rKtnml tUU proceaa "t Ift become a little liotter dcveloiwJ
. . ....1 ...... rflatplhnlA.1 lha iiia.
we mnat flrat learn bow the aceda arc
formed. The taxiu'l of the corn la thn
male flower and the silk th foinale.
Rome plants, such as cortnln varlciles
of strawberrb-a, have only female
flower and muat bo planted In alter
n.i . with mrletliHi which have
IxitTj'tlna or IiIoki. jina" In "other
plants the male and female flow era
are combined In one. Tula Is the caae
with the spple snd many other frulta.
Io the apple the stsmena, or mole
narts. arrow In a rtnir around the iilatil.
or female part, which Is In the center
of the flower. The top of a stamen.
which Is expanded, Is called the an
ther. This contains a yellow dual,
the pollen.
The upper portion or tne pietn i
called tne stigma. From It a tube
called the style leads downward to
the ovary. This ovary contains one
or more eKff shsped cells called ovules.
Vjtrh of theae ovu es Is capable or ae-
veloplnff Into a aeed If fertilised with
a pollen (train. When a grain of pol-
lon aitirhta on a rlne etljrma it is nem
by a sticky aubetance accreted there.
It soon germinate u1 ends a Jong,
threadlike projection down through
the at vie to the ovary. This slender
projection enters the ovary, and the
resultant union of the msie ana xemaie
oiomenta cauaea a seed to develop.
One pollen grain Is required for each
ovule, and each ovule develops into a
separate seed. There are many thou
sand pollen grains produced by each
stamen, and as there are several sta
mona for each Distil you will see tbnt
creat excess of pollen is produced.
This Is one of unture's methods of
mnklug reproduction more certain.
In flowers like the apple me pouen
mnc Kiimethnes fall directly on the
stigma In the same flower. More often.
however, the stamen ana pistns ripen
at different times. The object of this
is to prevent self fertilization, which. i(
lonir continued, will weaken the vitali
ty nf ho comlnz (fenerations. Cross
pollinatlon-that Is, the fertilization of
the ovule of one flower by the pollen
from another nlant-unites the strength
of both parents and produces larger.
hardier seed.
This has been proved by many exper
iments. If the tassels are pulled rrom
row of corn before they have time to
shod their pollen, the silks must neces
sarily be fertilized by pollen rrom oiu-
er stalks. The cross pplllnatlpn will
cause the detasseled rows to produce
heavier and larger ears. If tms proc-
na la continued from year to year the
yielding power of that particular strain
will be considerably Increased.
in such nlants as corn the wind car
ries the pollen for rods In every direc
tion. The air In the cornfield is so
filled with the yellow dust that there Is
seldom any danger that the silks will
fnil to catch more than plenty to rer-
tllize each of the many ovules that are
form the future kernels.
Some plants, however, are not so for
tunate in this respect.. The pollen of
fruit trees Is carried to some extent by
the wind, but not nearly so much so
that of corn. In such plants as
ami more widely dutribuieti tne use
ful iic of the bumblebee will 1 over.
In the case of small grain cros
fertilization Is Impoealble, since the
flower Is Inside of cloned hull. Two
varieties of wheat may be planted In
adjoining fields or even In the same
field without the slightest danger of
mixing. Varieties of corn, on the oth
er hand, often mix when aa much as
forty rods apart.
The aele-rtlon of seed corn will be
taken tip In the next article. The tief
to
FIG
ttt RRCTION OF CHERRY BLOSSOM
SHOWING MAWS AND FBUAIiB FABTtJ.
clover the stamens are at the bottom
of a slender tube, from whlcn tney
canuot escape unaided. Hants of this
nature are dependent on msecis 10
transfer pollen from one flower to an
other. In order to attract these insects
flowers secrete a sweet nectar.
hteh eollects in the bottom of the
tubes of which the flowers are com-
ATita files, butterflies and bees are
very fond 0 this nectar and in collect-
it carry the pollen or one nower 10
RHtrma of another. Bees are most
imnortnnt in doinff this work because
they gather so much more of the nec-
tlmn do the other insects, xney
often carry home some of the pollen,
, which can be seen sticking in yei-
,w balls to their hind legs, but enough
always brushed off to fertilize tlie 1
kuh x-lil- Thp hlns- I
TirTl'.-M l tilt LI V..L.1 1 . -
soma of red clover are so large that the
short tongues of ordinary honeybees
nnot reach to the bottom. It Is upon
hi rirer bumblebees that this crop
depends for its ability to produce seed.
Iadeed, it is so entirely dependent
upon them that the crop of clover seed
is in direct proportion to me numoer
of bumblebees in the uelgnDornoou. 11
the
po:
too
lo
is
ca
the
, FIG. XIII THU STOCK AND SCION BKADY VO
BB UNITED.
method of selecting small grain Is by
means of the fanning mill. By run
ning through three or four times as
much seed as la needed all the small
grains may be sieved out and the light
ones blown over, leaving only the heav
iest, strongest ones for planting.
Grain that is intended for seed should
be stored carefully in order that it may
go through the winter uninjured. The
chief enemies of stored seed are mois
ture, Insects and rats and mice. The
seed should be dry when stored and
kept where moisture cannot gain ac
cess to It. Dry seed will stand almost
any amount of freezing without injury.
There are a number of insects that
damage seed grain by burrowing into
the germ. If the seed room is tight,
they may be killed by fumigating with
carbon disulphide used at the rate of a
pound to each thousand cubic feet of
anace. Place this in an open dish on
top of the seed, close the room as
tightly as possible, and In a few hours
the Insects will be exterminated. Care
should be taken not to go near the
room with a light, as the gas ia ex
plosive. This same treatment is also
fatal to rats and mice, unless they
have some way of escaping from the
room. If possible the seed room should
be so well built that these pests can
not get into it.
The second method of plant propa
gation is by division that is, by plant
ing parts of the plant itself. Potatoes
are propagated In this way almost en
tirely. If small willow ana popiar
branches are stuck into the ground,
they will grow Into trees. Apple and
other fruit trees are propagated either
by grafting or budding. Apple trees
may be raised from seed, but the
fruit of seedling trees is usually worth
Bv takinir a Dart of the tree and
growing another from It, it will, of
course, bear the same kind or iruu.
Grafting consists of Joining pieces
of small branches or scions of the tree
which is to be propagated to pieces of
roots or stocks. The roots of yearling
used for stocks. The
scions, which should be about the size
of a lead pencil, shotrid be cut in the
fall and packed in sand. The grafting
can be done at any time during the
winter. All that is necessary is to cut
the lower end of the scion and the up
per end of the stock at an angle, tis
shown in Fig. 13. These are then
carefully fitted together and tied with
a little common string. ,The essential
point is to be sure to have the cam
bium layer of the scion Join that of
the stock. This cambium layer is the
thin, light brown portion between the
bark and the wood. It is the point
where growth takes place.
The completed graft, whicb should
be eight to ten Inches long. Is again
packed In sand. In the spring the
grafts are planted in a row In the
garden and left until they are two
or three years old, when they may be
DUUluiein-t-a in 1 v- j v-i v - - ' -
Is anything but pleasant to run into 11 transplantea to tneir permuuem ymir-
blg nest of bumblebees witn a roowtn to tne orcnara.
K. Illrschhcrg, Pr. A. Nelson, Vic Pre. 0. W. Irvine, CuiL.
The
Independence National Bank
Incorporated 1889
Transacts a General Banking Business
Interest Paid on Time Deposit
Director: II. Hirsn.berg, A. Nelson, D. V. Sears, B. F.
Smith and J. E. Rhodes.
THE NOBLE
II A. MAimOX, Prop.
Corner Coinnif rclul
and HtHte, Street
MALK.M, OKEOON
Dallas Steam Laundry
Best Work Guaranteed
Basket leaves Tuesday 6pm and returns Friday
Clee Robinson -Argent
Independence, Obeqos
A. C. MAGERS, Pmraut
TELEPHONE MAIN I7J
Standard Liquor Co.
WHOLESALE DEALER IN
WINES, LIQUORS Sr CIGARS
148-156 S. COMMERCIAL STREET
SJtLEM OREGOX
COTTAGE HOTEL
Mrs. J. F. Staiger, Proprietor .
Special attention to Commercial and
College Organizations.
Telephone 209 Main. Salem, Or.
Telephone and meuengar
160 Court Street
EC, Eokerlen
Wholesale Family Liquor Store
PHONE MAIN J 03
H4 Commercial Street, Salem, Oregon
FRESH GOODS
are liked best by a good many to
bacco connoiseurs. Those which are
freshly made are soft, sweet-scented,
burn even and last longer than those
which are allowed to dry out thor
oughly. Fact is, we sell hundreds of
cigars direct to consumers on this
account If you are fond of a good
cigar, try one made by
SALEM CIGAR FACTORY
Salem, Oregon.
Tom Cronise
PHOTGRAPHER
Salem, Oregon
CAFE RESTAURANT
Mesdames Hart and Kaglin, Proprietorrs
Board by Day, Week or Month. Meal Tickets Sold.
INVEPEXDESCE, OREGON