New Nation Out
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: of Oldest Land
Ing the golden age of Babylon, rapidly
¡opposed Site of Garden of Eden ' deteriorated.
Included in Territory of
Splendid, Gay, Wicked Bagdad.
“Under the Abbasyid Caliphs, with
Kingdom of Irak.
a combination of Araliic and l ’erslun
culture. Bagdad was fouuded on the
Tigris In the very center of the river
pjuln—the splendid, guy, wicked Bag
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dad of tlie Arabian Nights. Mesopo
tamia's prosperity, though much less,
Jnder British Mandate and Arabian
was still relatively great, and Bagdad
Rule the Section, Better Known as
was for awhile the metropolis of tlie
Mesopotamia, Is Expected to
world, its inhabitants ut one time num
Regain Former Glory.
bering 2,000,000 souls.
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"When the Turks got possession of
Washington.—The Impending addl- the Caliphate and curried its seat to
lon of n new member to the futnily of tlie west, Bagdad withered; und under
unions—the kingdom of Irak, to func- Turkish rule tlie Tigris nnd Euphrates
lou under a British mandate—is men- valley entered Into its darkest period.
ioued In recent dispatches from Lou- Only a small (»ercentage of the rich
lou. How this “new” country Is in valley hns for generations produced
•eallty one of the oldest und most his- any crops.
:oric patches' of the earth’s surface is
“After the Young Turks came Into
:old in the following bulletin from the power In 1908 reclamation work was
•Vashington headquarters of the Na- undertaken in the Tigris and Eu
ional Geographic society :
phrates plain and some headway was
“Irak has existed as a geogruphiea) made. Since the British occupied Bag
tame for ages,” says the bulletin, “but dad In 1917 tills work has been carried
n recent centuries it lias had little much farther.
wore otlieiai sanction than ’Manhattan’
“It is planned under the new Arab
.’or the Aflioklfnii metropolis or T ’rls- stute and tlie inundate to continue the
to’ for a thriving l ’acilic port. Yet It work of rejuvenating the country’s an
»overs more or less indefinitely a re- cient Irrigation system. But there Is a
{iou known, and often famous. In Herruleun task to lie accomplished be
»very age of man from the dawn ot’ fore ’the Garden of Eden’ blooms again.
tradition to the present—the fertile It was estimated before the World
ylaln of the Tigris and Euphrates vul- war that tlie ambitious project of the
eys, where the Garden of Eden Is sup Turks to reclaim 3,5** 1,000 acres would
posed by many ¡dudcuts to have been cost
000.000. The total jr e a that
lituuted. Strip leak of Its alias; call might he irrigated Is placed at ubout
t Babylon — Nineveh—Mesopotamia, 12,500,000 acres.’’
ind It is known to every school child.
*A Slice ef Turkey.
“The country which it is proposed
:o erect Into tlie practically hnlepend-
jut kingdom of Irak was placed under
■lie mandate of Great Britain on the
ireaklng up of the Turkish empire fol-
owiug tire World war, ami was gen-
»rally spoken of us ‘Ihe mandate for
Uesopotamia.’
“It is difficult to exaggerate the ng-
‘leulturul paradise that might lie built Noted Chemists in Conference to
lp in the lower valley of the two riv
Discuss Improvfed Processes
ira, supplemented by the minerul
areulth taken from the regions farther
of Tanning.
Forth, if tlie country were under a
(trong government, were peopled by
ilert, educated inhabitants, and If the
lecessary capital and modern ma-
rhlnery were available. Even with
lie factors us they ure. the British,
vho will continue to hold the man- Plan to Hasten Tanning Process With
out Sacrificing Quality—Promi
late, uiifl tlie Arabians who will he In
nent Foreign Chemists to
lumedlate charge of the government,
ire counting on the rise of u state
Take Part in Meeting.
chicli may he compared without dlsad-
rantoge with some of the great gov-
New York.—Shoe prices may trend
imiueuts tl.'at lmve occupied the laud downward as u result of new proc
a tlie past.
esses of tanning based on studies of
“To gain an Idea of what wonderful electrical discharges and other unusual
levelopment can lie brought about in factors, which will he discussed by the
dcsopotauilu one need only look into leather chemistry section of the Amer
lie past. At tlie hegiuiring of history ican Chemical society.
The notable progress made In Amer
lie plain of the Tigris und Euphrates
»as a garden-spot teaming with u well- ican tanning lias gu’ned such recogni
led and wealthy people. If there was tions abroad tlmt sessions of the sec
i ’grandeur iliut was Greece nnd a tion will be attended by tlie largest
{lory that was Home’ , there was us number of Euro|iean leather chemists
ruly a splendor lluit was Babylon, which has ever come at one time to
ind the splendor of Babylon w as made the United States.
Some of these exports will also at
yossible 0,000 years ;igo lucgcly by the
»eulth that sprang from the Intensive tend the meeting of the Society of
niltlvutiei) 'of the rivur plain under a Chemical Industry of Great Britain,
{tgantic system of Irrigation which which, nfter convening with its Cana-
llnn section, will cross the border to
iven the most ambitious modern sys
•onfer with Its American branch and
ems probably have failed In maio
t,, hold a joint session with the Ainer-
»ays to surpass.
“Babylon’s agricultural L’topia was enn Chemical society.
The leather chemistry section of tlie
»ot a short lived ulTair, hut continued
’or nearly ten times us long as the American Chemical society will meet
period which has passed since whlti it Columbus university. At Its session
hen se ttici jn America. The country will lie discussed revolutionary meth
iirove with only minor interruptions ods by which the tanning of hides can
jnder Babylonians, Assyrians, t ’hal be hastened without tlie sacrifice of
Jeans, Greeks and ltomans. But always quality. The saving of time und tlie
iie settled civilization of the ugricul- releasing of large sums of money from
Jurists was threatened by tlie turbu- its Investment In raw material thus
ent hill jieople to tlie north und e a s t , would have the tendency to stabilize
finally the I’arth lais captured tlie and/ perhaps, eventually to lower
Jountry and.were followed by tlie Per- leather prices, American chemists be
iiuis, L’uder these more barbarous lieve.
One of tlie marked influences In the
•ulers the great irrigation systems,
i\en then much less elticient than dur- sessions will he that of Alfred Sey-
ÌLICE TAKEN FROM TURKEY
Loneliest British Isle
Has No Laws. No Crime
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London.—A minister has been
found who is willing to serve
on the Islnml of Tristan da
Cunhn, according to the London
I »ally Mall. Rev. i laoi
Mar-
at
Alexrou, Uppingham, Rutland
and his wife have volunteered
to go to Britain’s loneliest p s-
session, Tristan da Cunha, a
: ttfe Island In the South At-
ntie. to
■ ml
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ister. There are l
in-
habitants of tlie island, which
Is 1,512 miles west of Cai>e-
town and is visited only once a
year b j a British warship, aad
on remote occasion* by passing
vessels.
The islanders lmve no laws
and know no crime. They do
not barter, and during the whole
of last year the only sum of
money on the Island was 5s.
Tea. cocoa and flour ure mre
delicacies.
Dorothy Dalton
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+ -------------- -------- --------------------------- +
Women Fight Eagle, Save Tot.
Homestead, Pa.—An eagle gave
battle to Mrs. George Williams of this
city and Mrs. B. Hutting of Greens-
burg, when tlie two women attacked
the big bird after it had seized
Mrs. Williams' two-nnd-a-half-ycar-ohl
daughter and was about to fly away
with the child In Its talons.
Mrs. Hurting, armed with a club,
came to the aid of SB's. Williams, and
tlie two, after several minutes of des
perate battle, forced the bird to flight,
though It hovered menacingly over
theta for some time.
Barring deep scratches on her body,
tlie child was uu njured.
girls.
Anyway, 1 don't believe In
| fairies, only those tn picture books.”
lleury was very cross as you see.
»«v-sOOI> morning.” sahl Father as and he did not want to see the suu-
V I little Henry .-aim Into the din I shtnet s ' he threw himself on lus bed
ing room, “i>n’t this u nice, bright I mi his hack to think over how cross
morning, son V
1 everything waaiha't morning.
llenry did not answer. He Jerked
All a t once he heard some one cry-
his chair from the table und slid into j ing. It seemed to come from outside
it with a sullen air, for Henry was bis win'low. So lleury Jumped up and
cross because his mother had not let pecked out.
him put on his new shoes that morn
The tiniest crvntu’-e dressed in sil
ing.
ver sat on the sill of the window cry-
“Heavy black clouds seem to be ! ¡up.
bothering you.” said Henry’s father.
“What are yuj crying about?” asked
“Better drive them away or you will Henry, w ho really w as u very kind ltt-
have an unhappy day.”
I tie boy.
But Henry did not answer. He kept
“I can't get In to do my work,” said
h is eyes on h is plate, and a frown on the little creature.
“It Is all dark In-
his face, hut when he pushed his dish ! side and they shut me out. I am the
| smish'ne fairy and I have to dance
' when the sun shines and make people
! happy. But how can l when they will
" tY w r A te
I not let me In?”
yOCSCAy/HC
Henry raised the shade and up
lumped the little fairy and danced
s te p
into the room on the sunshine us It
! streamed In.
“Oh, haven’t you any face?” asked
Being given the chance to display
j ihe little creature, “or Is It behind old
her cleverness in emotional parts has
I black cloud? Sometimes he does hide
brought merited fame to handsome
faces, hut 1 most always can drive him
Dorothy Dalton, a famous "movie” star
away.”
known to the patrons of the motion
Henry went to the mirror, nnd sure
picture houses. Her werk in leads has
' enough this time he found that in
been crowned with glory and the has
place of Ills face there was a heavy
pleased her thousands of admirers.
liluck cloud, through which he could
---------O---------
I away from him nnd spilled Ihe cream see hut dimly.
He looked at the sunshine nnd the
Ills father told him to go to his room
und stay there until the cloud cleared little fairy had been Joined by hun
dreds of others who were dancing
from his face.
about In tin* Jolliest manner.
By C. N. LURIE
Henry dbl not quite understand
Henry forgot all about the cloud as
nhont the “heavy, black cloud,” but he
he watched them, and presently a
Common Error* in English and
did
know,
of
course,
thut
he
had
lie-
How to Avoid Them
stream of sunshine cleared away the
huved badly, so lie went to his room
cloud and llenry Jumped tip, for yon
w w w w kM W M k-hA au M W W kA
feeling thut everyone was treating him
see he was dreaming all the time he
unkindly.
“TO STOP AND TO STAY.”
had fallen asleep.
* - --
“Have not got a heavy cloud on my
The wind hud blown Ihe ahada und
OW frequently do we hear some face.” he said, looking tn the mirror. Into the room came the bright sun,
one aay, or read in a newspaper, Then he drew the shade because some hut Henry could not find the fairies
“He Is stopping ut the Waldorf As one hud once told him that little though he looked everywhere.
toria hotel.” A moment's reflection fairies danced In the sunlight when
“They did drive away heavy black
should tell the writer or speaker that It streamed Into the room.
i loud,” thought Henry, “and X do feel
a person d<n*s not “stop” at a hotel un
“Get out of my room,” said Henry. happier. Perhaps there nre sntno
less he walks or drives to the hotel “I won't have any fairies In here. I
fairies In the sunshine after all.”
and hults his progress there. It Is don't like girls, and ull fairies are
(Copyright.)
proper to say, “The parade stopped at
the hotel,” meaning that the parade
ceased Its motion when It reached the
hotel. But the parade could not “stay”
THE RIGHT THING
nt the hotel. A |>erson makes a “stay”
AT
l\y MILDRED MARSHALL
at a hotel, not n stop, nnd he stays
there. One should not say, “I stopped
T H E RIGHT TIME
F«ct® a b o u t your n a m e ; I r a b lf r o m m tin >
nt the summer resort six weeks,’’ hut
ing; w hence It w as derived ; significance;
your lu».ky day a n d lucky Jew el.
By MARY MARSHALL DUFFEE
“I stayed there six weeks.”
The true meaning of the word “stop”
was well understood liy the man who
WI I I ’ N SIIE WA L KS .
T i l K it E S A .
did not Invite his professed friend to
visit him. He said: "If you come nt
“A little neglect may breed mischief.’’—
any time within ton mUeg of my house
NE of the prettiest of feminine
Franklin.
Just stop,” says one authority of Eng x i rllE.V walking with a woman It Is
names which for some reason has
lish.
Y V customary for the man to ask always been associated with France
( O o p jr r l f h t >
to carry nuy parcel* she may he bur and yet Is essentially English, Is
dened with. It Is a woman’s privilege Theresa. It Is one of the many femi
to Insist on carrying them herself, but nine names which come from the har
remember that It Is very embarrassing vest nnd its original source Is a Greek
for a uuin to walk with a woman who word meaning to reap or gather in a*
is burdened ns, besides feeling regret crop.
The first to hear the name was a
that he cannot nhl her, he Is put lit a
false position by those whom he may Spanish lady, the wife of a Roman
noble culled Paulinas. Both Paulinas
meet.
THE REAPING MACHINE,
Every well-bred woman should know and big wife were devotees of St. J e
that It Is no longer considered the rome. The name Theresn had great
l.THOUGII we nre accustomed to right thing for a man to take her arm vogue In Spain and Is finally found as
regard reaping by machinery as a In walking unless she Is feeble or the Teresa on a throne In Leon in tlie
modern nrt, there are records thut way hazardous. If she happens lo he Tenth century.
in Pliny's time the Gauls used a crude accompanied by a man w ho IS hot
The most noted Teresa appears la
comb-shaped affair of knives to strip aware of this fact she should not take the Sixteenth century When tie Ro
ihe heads from the standing grain. offense, hut If he takes her nrtn she man Catholic church produced tt>c r e
The first renl patent on a reaping ma should ascrlh* It to Ills Ignorance of markable saint of that name through
chine was gruP'ed to John Boyce of that rule of good breeding and restrain the Spanish connection of the boose
England Jn 1799.
Richard French him by simply assuring him that she of Austria ; the princessed of Spain nnd
and J . J . Hawkins received the first can manage much better when unaid Germany were frequently christened
American patent rights In ism . But
Teresa.
ed.
It remained for McCormick, in 1831,
In France It became Teirese through
If a woman Is overtaken or over
to make nnd demonstrate the first
takes a man of her acquaintance she the queen of Louis XIV and Provence
practical reaping machine.
Is privileged to ask him to accompany called It Terezon. The cmpress-qncet»
(Copyright.)
her ns far as their ways go together, lidded greatly to Rs fame, her noble
---------Q-------- -
though needless to say she would say spirit winning all hearts.
St. Theresn of course brought It to
this only to a close acquaintance. She
The Moor In Spain.
The Moors sprang from Saracens, should not do this, however, when he England through the Roman Catholic
that nomadic trllx- of Arabs, which In is accompanied h.v another woman and religion, though Its vogue there did not
the Eighth century overran southern would not usually wish to when he begin until after the Reformation.
England also rails her Terry nnd
Spain. They settled under the genial was accompanied by another man.
When taking a pleasure walk togeth Tracy; France makes her Therese. She
skies of Andaluslu nnd found their
surroundings so Ideal they were con er It Is always the woman’s privilege Is Theresa In Portugal and Teresa und
tented to leave tin* northern portion to set the pace nnd make suggestions Teresltn In S|>n!n. Italy uses Teresa
of the country to the natives. It was as to the direction In which the walk and Tereslna, In Germany she H
Theresia.
calling to the Spaniard to behold his should be taken.
Theresn’s tnllsmnnlc stone Is amlier.
beautiful valleys and vineyard* In the
If n woman chances to see that a
possession of the Invaders and to see stranger has dropped something, what It promises her gissl health, wards off
the crescent take the place of the should she do? This Is a question that evil spirits and warns approaching Ill
cross; hut. although much blood was sometimes comes tip. She shonld not ness by paling In color. Thursday Is
shed In the Interim, It was not until stop to pick If ununless the »nan Is de- her lucky day and three her lucky
the Fifteenth century that Hoaltdll, the ctdely older than she and she Is very number.
( C o p jr r l f h t )
Moorish king, took his last look at young. She should courteously attract
Granada on®the s|»ot that has been his attention to the fact that he has
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practically named "El Ultima Sosplro dropped the article and leave him to
Kansas Family Prsblsm.
del Moro,” the last sigh of tlie Moor. pick It up for himself. However, If
An Ein|H*rla family takes the fa m i l y
---------n ---------
she Is walking behind the one mho has dog to church once In a while, Last
lost the article and not to pick It up for hundny tlie dog was tied to ihe tiwtor
him might mean thnt It would be trod car during the service«. Fvegy Hme
den upon she may In Common sense the choir sun x the dog howled. I' wa«
stoop nnd get It.
a question wlicther to take' the dog
(Cerrrlcht )
away to keep from disturbing the
pence or «top thu ( M r to k eep from
disturbing list Uog — F.uiporla Gazette.
T 1 IK
SlNSIlINi:
F A IK Y .
HOW DO YOU SAY IT?
Study Ways to
Better Leather H
LOWER PRICES MAT RESULT
Vast Amount of Gold Gathered Here
Treasury ofllctats weighing bars of gold in the United State* assay office
fn New Totk. In this building is about 250 tons of gold In bars and coin, ap
proximately one-fifth of the world * supply of the precious metal. It la worth
ll.5 0 0 00P.000.
mour-Jones, the first president of tlie
Internatlenal Association of Leather
Trades Chemists. He eo-opernted with
Lord Allertou In forming the leather
industries department of the Univer
sity of Leeds, long reputed to be the
greatest leather school In the world.
Foreign Chemists to Appear.
Another prominent figure In tlie
lenther Industry of Great Britain, who
will address the section. Is Joseph
Turney Wood. He Is the discoverer
of processes of tanning In which pan-
crvatln Is used Instead of the crude
and obnoxious mixtures employed by
the old-time Journeymen tanners. Mr.
Wood was tlie first secretary of the So
ciety of Leather Trades Chemists.
Some of the noted foreign chemists
whose papers will be read If they can
not appear In jierson are I’rof. H. It.
Procter, affectionately known as the
father of leather chemistry, who was
long Identified with the University of
Leeds; l>r. E. Schell of Havre, France,
and Flni Emm of Copenhagen, lieu-
mark.
How tanning us a science has ad
vanced In recent years is shown by the
fact that among those who nre to ud-
dress tlie leather chemistry section is
1 >r. Jacques Loch, a noted American
biologist connected with tlie Ilocke-
■feller Institute for Medical Research.
Original und novel methods of tan
ning bust'd upon tlie studies of elec
tricity will he described by Join» Ar
thur Wilson of Milwaukee, chairman
of the leather chemistry section. His
discoveries have been termed revolu
tionary.
His researches have shown
the reasons for tlie chemical changes
which take place In the tunning
process us distinguished from meth
ods which rested merely upon undent
traditions.
Although tunning is one
of the oldest arts In the world, It has
not come under control of scientific re
search to the extent that many other
Industries hu»e.
it Is expected that
the papers of Mr. Wilson and of other
lenther chemists of the pioneer class
will cause an earnest and heated dis
cussion.
Studying Electrical Discharges.
Closely associated with Mr. Wilson
In his Investigations Is I’rof. Arthur W.
Thomas, who is making iui|H>rliuit
studies of the relation of electrlcul dis
charges of materials used in tnnnlng
to the manufacture of lenther.
His
laboratory la in llavemeyer hull, Co
lumbus university, where the sessions
of the leather chemistry section are
to lie held. In It Is unique and costly
equipment provided from a special
/und given by a well-known Milwaukee
tanner. The results of these researches
are made available, however, for the
entire tanning industry.
On a liench in this laboratory, occu
pying an area of a square yard, is
what is reputed to lie the .smallest
tannery tn tlie world. With It compli
cated processes of tanging are (>•
ly <->>nductcd although on a miniature
scale.
.
,
Still Llv* in W a r Dugouta.
Uvinsk. I.atvla.— Hundreds of fam
ilies in the war-devastated territory
about i>vlnsk are still living in the
dugouta used by German and Russian
soldiers In the early days of the war.
IJttle or no progress toward recon-
struction has been made In tlie scores
of razed villages because of the pnv-
erty of the people who for a long time
after the war between Russia and tier-
many ended were under Bolshevik
rule.
“ W h a t’s in a Nam e?“
O
A
A LINE O’ QHEER
By John Kendrick Bangs.
A COMFORTING
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“ Did you follow my advico.”
” Why-«r-yaa. but I didn’t quit*
catch up with i t "
THOUGHT.
L’BT take this - sm tort unto yoor
•owl
In ths midst of your worries
and frsti;
Tbs F o o tb a ll n srtr could scorn s
Oowl
W s r s tl n o t fo r th s kt k s It
(C o p y rig h t )