The Herald
D. L ST1TT, tailor.
Enui - .ur I, 1. 1.
11 th port office tt MuiHMulk. Oregon, undv tlx
Act of March 1. 17.
ISSLKD KVKKV FRIDAY
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Monmouth, Oregon.
FRIDAY, MAR. 10, 1916.
The War Significance of Cotton
For warring nations, cotton is
kinir. In the imst cotton Iihb
been important in war merely
as raw material for textile mills,
the amount of it used to make
Hmokeless powder having been
very small compared with that
needed for ordinary industria
use. Cotton is the riucipul in
gredient by weight in all smoke
lens powders, which consists of
nitro-cellulos of about 12 1-2
per cent nitrution. Strange as
it may seem, more cotton is now
being consumed in Germany
for the manufacture of smoke
less powder thau for industria
use.
The greatest surprise of the
war has been the vast expendi
ture of artillery ammunition.
Not eveu the far-seeing German
General Staff has contemplated
such enormous expenditures, so
enormous, in fact, that the en
tire ammunition supply of the
United States Army would not
last the German army two days.
In their recent successful on
slaught on the Tamow-Gorlic
front of the Russian army in
Galicia the German artillery
used, it hat been stated by Lloyd
George, 200,000 rounds of am
munition from 3-inch to 12-inch
in caliber in a single hour. So
great is the defensive power of
modern machine guns a n d
rilles, that troops strongly in
trenched can be driven out only
by destroying the barbed-wire
entauglements, leveling the par
apets of the trenches to the
ground and sending forward in
fantry before the enemy has re
covered from the shock induced
by a storm of explosive shell.
Gen. Castolnau has said that
shock must now bo produced by
an overpowering artillery fire
instead of by attacks of infantry.
Lloyd-George has recently
stated that Germany is produc
ing 250,000 rounds of field-gun
ammunition a day.
While the majority of the
German guns are of about 3
inch caliber, she has immeuse
numbers of heavy guns and
howitzers ranging from 4 inch
o 12-inch, and she has been
using large quantities of heavy
arti I le ry ammunition. The
amount of cotton used for even
round fired will average well
over four pounds. The expeu
diture of cotton in Germany is,
therefore, about four times 250,
000 pounds, or 1,000,000 pounds
per day. That figure does not
include the araouut used for
small-arms ammunition, that
needed for the navy, or that
used to make clothing for the
army. One million pounds of
cotton per day is 2,000 bales of
500 pouuds each or 730 mm
bales per annum, about one half
the usual exportation of cotton
to Germany. Germany's re
serve supply of powder has uu-
(ouhU.llv ten used uj. by thislgrent alarm U felt, a it is
.... . . 1
timBBii.llipr future ability to
wage war for a long period de
pHlds 8 TeK"Ut W?lA? f
cotton from the United States;
for all other sources of supply
are closed to her
England is making the most
strenuous effort to prevent cot
ton from reaching Germany
She realizes full well that if she
can stop these imports Germany
will lie beaten within a year.
Cotton is different from copper,
another essential, iu that copper
is indestructible and remains in
some form or other in the coun
try into which it is imported,
while cotton disappears shortly
after being manufactured
Moreover, copper cartridge
cases may be remelted and used
over and over again. In ad
dition, Germany has consider
able copper ore within her
boundaries, and can eke out her
copper supply by smelting ores
which in time of peace couh
not be profitably used. She
must import cotton, however.
not only to clothe her popula
tion and armies, but to furnish
her men with ammunition, with
out which their skill, courage
and patriotism could not avail.
We have heard much talk
lately about the "starvation of
women and children in Ger
many as the result of Great
Britain's blockade. Senator
Beveridge in his illuminating
articles has exposed that fable.
It is cotton starvation not a
food starvation that Germany
!ears. Scientific American.
The Horseless Age estimates
3,114,000 automobiles in the
world, of which 2,400,000 are in
the United States, or 77 per
cent. The number of motor
cars outside of the United States.
714,000, is less than those regis
tered in the States of New York.
Ohio, California and Iowa. Great
Britain is second to the' United
States, with 270,000 cars, France
third with 98.400. Germ II II V
' J
ourth with 71,450 and Canada
fifth with 55,050. Range of gas
oline price is 22c in the United
States, 20c in Great Britain and
40c to 50c in Continental Eu
rope.
Our understanding is that
Britannia rules the waves on
Mondays, Wednesdays and Fri
days. Trouble about the peace move
ments is that a soft head always
seems to go with a soft heart.
As the President now puts it,
"There is such a thing as a na
tion bein? proud t.r tiirU fn
principle."
Every now and then a brilliant
inspiration seems to dawn on
Hon. Charles Chaplin and he
falls down.
A young man usually keens
on being crazy about a eirl as
long as she keeps on being crazy
udoui some other fellow.
Honesty is an ingredient in
the makeup of the man who
pays his just debts before buying
luxuries.
A joke isn't much of a inU
unless it is ntmr
laughter by the listener.
The Planet Mars is now re
latively near the earth, but no
still
out of airship range.
In time of trouble mobilize i
the moving picture actors! They,
know how to take the cri out of
crises.
Stealing a Roosevelt policy
doubtless comes under the head
of petty larceny. j
Another pathetic little feature I
of everday life is a man with j
about fourteen hairs ou his!
bean importantly directing the!
barber which side to brush 'em
on.
The report that Hon. John
W. Weeks will get out of the
Presidential race will be the
first intimation to most of us
that this illustrious patriot was
ever in it.
State Engineer To Draw Plant
Salem. Ore. -(Special.) -Act
ing upon a petition presented
jointly by the county courts
of Marion and Polk counties,
the state highway commis
sion at a meeting Wednesday
authorized State Engineer Lewis
to prepare plans and specifica
tions for the proposed Marion-
Polk county bridge. The peti
tion asked further that the high
way commission superintend the
construction of the bridge and
this request will also be granted
The board of viewers of the
proposed bridge about three
weeks ago sent a written re
quest to Engineer Lewis asking
him to prepare plans and specifi
cations, but a question as to
whether he had a right to do so
independently of the commission
caused him to delay until an
opinion could be had from At
torney General Brown. The at
torney general's opinion was that
the engineer could not take this
action. The right of the com
mission to give the engineer that
authority, however, was not de
nied, and the authority was given
at the meeting several days ago.
Mr. Lewis, in his capacity as
state highway engineer, was
authorized to emnlov Joseph
Weare, of Portland, as bridge en
gineer for the highway depart
ment, and he wag also given
authority to employ assistance
m making the final estimates of
the contracting firm of Peter
son and Johnson for construction
on the Columbia highway in
Clatsop county. Further author
ity was given Mr. Lewis to em
ploy such help as is found neces
sary to carry on the work of the
department as it has been carried
on heretofore.
fW
II 1U.
crei it
dJor
my wife"
NC OTHERLIKE IT.
NO OTHER AS Aoan
h. . Tll H0ME" ! TOU will
el.m,n.t,on of rep b,", "
t.fe-ln ,ce u m.B,um cost
WARRANTED FOR ALL TIME.
Inrt on hm, , "new HOME" It
THE NEW HOME SEWING MACHINE CO.,
ORANOt. msCNUSETTS. '
Dealer Wanted
CITY MEAT MARKET
GEORGE SULLIVAN, Manager
Always on Hand: Fresh and Smoked Meats, Bologna, Minced
Hams, Boiled Hams, Ham and Bacon
t
Fresh Fish on Fridays
The highest cash price paid for poultry, veal
and all kinds of hides.
Free Delivery.
Monmouth,
For
BOOKS, STATIONERY, NORMAL JEW
ELRY and EMBLEMS, CONFECTIONS
and TOBACCOS, come to our store. Also
all of the most Up-to-Date Magazines.
D. C. Walker & Sons
Successors to P. H. Johnson
Monmouth, Oregon
C. G. GRIFFA,
Plumber and Steam Fitter.
Carries In Stock
Bath Tubs, Toilet Fixtures and all kinds of Plumb
ers' Supplies, nickel-plated or otherwise.
All orders attended to promptly and work guaranteed.
MONMOUTH, - - OREGON
NOTICE TO CREDITORS .
Notice Is hereby given that the un
dersigned C. Lorenee has been duly ap
pointed by the County Court of the
State of Oretron for Polk County exe
cutor of the last will and testament and
estate or fhebe Jane Martin, deceased,
and has qualified.
All persons having claims against the
said estate: are hereby required to pre
sent them, duly verified, with the
proper vouchers, within six months
from the date of this notice, to the
said executor, at his residence pn his
farm near Monmouth, in said Countv
of folk.
Dated and first published February
zoth, 1916.
C. LORENCE,
Executor of the estate
of Phebe Jane Martin.'
OSCAR HAYTER,
Attorney. 29
(Paid Advertisements.)
TO THE REPUBLICAN VOT.
ERS OF POLK COUNTY
lama candidate for District
Attorney of said County, and if
nominated and elected, I pledge
myseit to diligently and faithful
ly attend to all the duties Der-
taining to said office, and will
fearlessly enforce all the laws in
an impartial manner.
I respectfully ask your sun.
port at the primary election on
the 19th of May, 1916.
B. F. Swope.
FOR COUNTY SURVEYOR
I hereby announce my candi
dacy for the offi
Purveyor on the republican ticket.
suDjecttothe will of the mem
bers of that partv at the nrim-,,
in May. 1 solicit the support of
all republicans throughout Pnlk
county, assuring each that if I
am nominated and elected the
duties encumbent upon the mnn.
ty surveying will be given the
very best attention.
Efficiency. Economv
t- t ....
partiality is my motto.
Phone Main 2302
Oregon
FOR DISTRICT ATTORNEY
I hereby announce my candi
dacy for the republican nomina
tion for the office of District At
torney. If nominated and elected,
I shall enforce all laws as I find
them without fear or favor, and
in a just, conscientious manner!
I wiH give to the County's affairs
the same careful, conscientious
attention I would give to the
affairs of private clients. I re
spectfully solicit your support
and if nominated and elected,
will devote my entire time to giv
ing you an administration of the'
affairs of this office such as may
reward you for the trust and con
fidence placed in me.
Walter L. Tooze, Jr.
NOTICE TO THE VOTERS OF
POLK COUNTY OREGON
I hereby announce mvself on
the Republican ticket for the of
fice of County Clerk, subject to
the will of the voters at the
Primary Election in Mav. and
respectfully solicit your support
L V. Macken.
TO THE VOTERS OF POLK
COUNTY
I hereby announce mvself a
candidate for the office of County
Treasurer, 1 on the renuhlican
ticket, subject to the will of the
voters at the primary election in
May and respectfully solicit your
support.
Mrs. Winnie Braden.
"B. WIPT 4 CO.3 mra bains auickly
omwiu ny Manufacturers.
Send a (nodal or sketches and description
ofyour invention for FREE SEARCH
;lJISI,P,,,f,''WIitT. We ret Pt-
D. SWIFT & CO.
-f.aien Lawyers. Ettab. 1889.
WM.A.C'BILL") HIMES
f3uev8ntn st; Washington, P. C