II WEEK OF SHORT COURSES
UsJructive Lecture and Dem-
onstrationi Given. i
The "Farmers' Week" at the
Oregon Agricultural College clos
ed on Saturday afternoon with a
demonstration of the milking
machine, Prof. Kent giving in
struction both in the method of
installing the machine and in its
operation. The morning session
opened as usual with Prof.' Lewis,
who discussed pruning of various
fruit trees, both before and after
bearing. As a general rule, the
trees are pruned before bearing
with the object of forming and
strengthening the tree. After
bearing the pruning is done for
the purpose of giving light and
air to the fruit.
In the absence of Dr. Withy
combe, President Kerr was intro
duced at the second session, and
spoke on the needs of the college
and the plans for the immediate
future. He claimed there was a
great need of trained veterinaries
throughout the state to inspect
the livestock and to instruct the
farmers in its care. Last year
there was a loss of $100,000 worth
of livestock from one disease
among dairy cattle. There were
about 4,000,000 head of livestock
in the state. Irrigation and drain
age were calling for trained men,
and the school wanted the facil
ities for training such men. In
some of the irrigated districts
large areas of land were becom
ing waterclogged and worthless
because of improper drainage
The Oregon Agricultural Col
lege has grown in the past year
very rapidly. It now has an en
rollment, including short course
students, of nearly 1500 and it
would have 2,000 students with
in two years. The present armory
affords standing room only for
750 out of the 1000 cadets that
the college must instruct in mili
tary science, if it would keep the
appropriations made for it by the
United States congress. The
new buildings to be asked for
from the legislature this session
are as follows: Armory, 120x300
feet, $35,000; horticultural build
ing, $45,000; agricultural build
ing, $55,000; heating plant' to
save several thousand dollars a
year in fuel and attendance, $35,
000; additional absolutely needed
for maintenance, $50,000. For
the dry farming experiment
station in eastern Oregon, $2000
would le asked. With this sta
tion, the college could increase
the yield of wheat in the Inland
Empire in five years from 2 to 5
bushels per acre or a total in
crease in value to the state of
Oregon of $700,000 per year.
After President Kerr had
spoken, Prof. Bradly took the
class for his last lecture, dwell
ing more fully on the nature of
soils and instructing the farmers
present in the methods of samp
ling soils to be sent to the college
for analysis.
Prof. Scudder finished his
lectures on the legumes at the
afternoon session and Prof. Per
not took up again the subject of
bacteria and the diseases of ani
mals. He spoke specially about
the care of milk and the necessity
for rigid inspection. In Corvallis
last fall a boarding house keeper
had sent milk for examination
and it was fiund that it consist
ed of ten per cent pus, from an
abscess which had formed near
the milk vein and drained through
that to the udder. This man had
been giving this to his boarders,
and did again after being told
that the milk was unfit for food.
He Said. "I thought it might be
all right by this time," (three!
days). A milkman of Corvallis
had a sample of milk tested, and
it Droved to have the bacteria of
three different diseases in it He
was warned against its use. t lve
days later a physician of the town
was called to treat a child that
had ulcers and sores along almost
the entire intestinal canal. Prof.
Pernot was asked to examine
these, and found present the
same bacteria he had found in
the milkman's milk. By inves
tigation he found that this man
had sold the diseased milk three
days after he had been told it
was infected. His excuse was
that he thought probably the cow
was all right again, He bore out
by his talk the plea made by
President Kerr for trained dairy
inspectors.
Hon. E: T. Judd followed Prof.
Pernot and after his plea for the
$100 cow, which, he said, was
going to change to "The $125
Cow," he told of a new dairy
bill to be introduced into the leg'
lslature this session, in the in
terests of cleaner milk. It would
provide rules for the handling of
the raw product, and for the ap
pointment of a number of deputies
to the dairy commissioner, whose
whole duty would be to travel all
over the state, inspecting dairies,
and instructing farmers and
dairymen in the care of their
cows and the proper treatment
of their milk. It was a fact that
the butter makers of Oregon
could not produce as good a butter
as was imported at a cheaper
price from the middle west states
because of the poor cream fur
nished by so many of the dairy
men. Another plan that would
be pushed was the formation of
cow testing societies.
The regular lectures of the
short coures in horticulture began
this morning under Prof. Lewis,
and these will be followed by
courses in dairying and agri
culture, witn a tew lectures on
the care of poultry. The short
courses will last about eight
weeks.
Live Stock Disease.
Of the work of the Department
of Agriculture in eliminating live
stock disease in the United States
Secretary Wilson says:
bince we began to hnd out
how to prevent hog cholera we
have spent probably $250,000,
The history of the case tells how
well we have succeeded. But if
this sum were four-fold larger
we would not have been victor
ious unless we had highly train
ed veterinarians. We are really
getting rid of many of the
common diseases among animals,
as for instance the sheep scab
disease west of the Missouri has
been cured. Cattle scab is also
being dealt with at very great
expense to the Government We
have the question of tuberculosis
that vitally affects the consumers
of meat as well as the producers
of it
"As an example of the work of
our men I may cite the case of
blackleg. During the last 10
years the Bureau of Animal In
dustry has been distributing
blackleg vaccine to the stock
raisers of the country, who use it
to protect their young cattle from
the disease. At the beginning
of the distribution the losses from
this disease were very serious,
amounting to 10 or 15 per cent
of the young stock annually. By
the use of the vaccine the loss
has been reduced to less than one
half of one per cent and the
disease seems to. be disappearing.
"This distribution of vaccine
is, therefore, very important both
to prevent the annual losses and
as a means of eradicating the
contagion from infected pastures;
For Rubber
Church Directory.
Evangelical Church
L. C. Hoover, Pastor
Morning service at 11:00 o'clock
Evening service at 7:00 o'clock
Sunday School at 10:00 a. m.
Y. P. A. Meeting at 6.30 p. m.
Prayer Meeting Wednesday evening.
CHRISTIAN CHURCH.
W. A. Wood, Pastor.
Morning Service at 11. a. m.
Evening Service at 7:00 p. m.
Sunday School 9:45 a. m.
Y. P. S. C. E. 6:30 p. m.
Prayer Meeting Wednesday 7:30 p. m.
Baptist Church.
Sunday School 10 a. m.
Preaching 2:30 p. m.
in fact the cattle industry in
some sections is dependent upon
it, as cattle could not be profit
ably raised without vaccination."
Road Supervisors.'
At the session of County
Court last week the following
road supervisors were appointed.
District 1 Percy Lady
" 2 George Newbill
" 3 John Diegnan
4-G. H. Crawford
" 5 C. W. Chapman
" 6-W. E. Goodell
7- D. P. Stapleton
8- Thos. Strain
" 9-Geo. A. Wells
" 10-Everett Hiltibrand
" 11 Percy Hadley
" 12-Chester Guthrie
" 13-Henry Clifford
" 14 J. A. Buttrick
" 15-G. W. McBee
" 16 J. N. Jones
" 17-Henry Voth
" 19-E. A. Pagenkoff
" 20-J. H. Mulkey
" 21 A. Sampson
Tom Lawson may be crazy, but
he is no fool; he advertises heavily.
COME TO
AND
RUSHERS
LINDSAY & CO.
Noted for Bargains
Polk County Bank
Established 1889
Monmouth, Oregon.
Paid Capital
Surplus and Undivided Profits
Transacts a General Banking Business
OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS
J. H. Hawley, President J. B. V. Butler, Vice President,
Ira C. Powell, Cashier
P-S. Powell, J. B. V. Butler,
J-B-Stump, I.M.Simpson.
Grove A. PETERSON
Monmouth Normal Book Store
We keep Stationery, Fountain Pens, Confectionery, Fruit,
Nuts, Bibles, Albums, Knives and everything needed 'by stu
dents of either the Public school or Normal.
ALSO
Sporting Goods, Ice Cream, Soda, Cigars and all kinds of
tobacconist's goods.
For Sale.
One of the nicest residences in
Monmouth, 12 rooms, hot and
cold water, bath and pantry.
Furnace heat Four lots, some
fruit trees and shrubbery to
gether with almost entire furnish
ings for $2500. Terms can be
given on a part of this. Enquire
of the Polk County Realty Co.,
at the Herald office.
This price is far below real
value and will only stand for a
short time.
la
Boots
$30,000
$7,000
J. W. HOWELL
Contractor and Builder
Carpenter shop and General
Repair Work.
Moulding and Finishing
Material
Cor. Knox and Jackson Sts.