IP POLE COUNTY OBSHlvm, MM "'TOE 11 ""
DOING A GREAT WORK
0. A. C. EXPERIMENT STATION
HAS SEVEN BRANCHES.
Work Is Carried on For Benefit of
Fanners Over Entire State
of Oregon.
The experiment station of the Ore
gon agricultural college consists of
the central or main station at Cor
vallis and seven branch experiment
stations as follows:
Southern Oregon branch experiment
station, Talent.
John Jacob Astor branch experi
ment station, Astoria.
Hood River branch experiment sta
tion, Hood River.
Eastern Oregon dry farming branch
experiment station, Moro.
Umatilla branch experiment sta
tion, Hermiston.
Eastern Oregon branch experiment
station, Union.
Harney branch experiment station,
Burns.
The central station at Corvallis
serves the entire state. The results
obtained in its investigations of soils,
farm crops, horticulture, crop pests,
dairy, poultry and animal husbandry
are worth hundreds of thousands of
dollars each year to Oregon fanners.
That they are appreciated is shown by
the fact, that on the average more
than 1000 circulars, bulletins and let
ters are sent out daily in answering
correspondence. Upon these results
are based a large part of resilient
and extension instruction in agricul
ture. The central station receives no
state appropriation.
The Southern Oregon experiment
station serves the ten million dollar
per year Industry and other agricul
tural interests of the Rogue River
valley. It is already recognized as
tlie leading "Pear" experiment sta
tion in the world; and its discoveries
related to the use of snlhpiir as a fer
tilizer for alfalfa in the Rogue River
valley are worth more each year than
all of Oregon experiment stations
have ever cost her.
The John Jacob Astor experiment
station was established for the pur
pose of experimental study of the
problems peculiar to tide land agri
culture. Oregon has many thousand
acres of these lands, most of which
are only partly reclaimed.
The Hood River branch experiment
station is concerned with investiga
tions of the problems of the Hood
River orohardidts. , The results al
ready obtained in the control of ap
ple scab and in the use of nitrate of
soda as la fertilizer have been worth
hundreds of thousands of dollars to
the Hood River valley this year.
The Eastern Oregon dry farming
branch experiment station is prob
ably the most important "wheat " ex
periment station in the dry fanning
section of the United States. Its in
vestigations, which are applicable to
the entire Columbia river hasin, may
be grouped as follows:
1. Variety testing and improve
ment of field crops.
2. Tillage experiments.
3. Crop ratation investigations.
Hundreds of varieties and selec
tions of cereals have been umler test
during the past five years. Some of
these have shown a marked superi
ority over the varieties commonly
grown in that section. Three of the
new spring varieties 'liave exceeded
the yield of "Bluestcm" from 20 per
cent to 30 per cent every year. Like
wise three of the new winter varie
ties or strains have given an average
yield from 8.3 bushels to 5.(1 bushels
greater than the local varieties. A
four bkiehel increase in the acre yield
of wheat in the counties of WTasco.
Sherman, Gilliam and Morrow would
at one dollar per bushel bring to the
wheat growers of these counties an
additional income of $1,200,000.
The Umatilla branch experiment
station was established for the pur
pose of investigating farming on the
sandy lands along the Columbia. Im
portant additions to our knowledge
of the action of water in such soils
fcave been gained and a system of
handling the water has been devised
which is much more economical in the
use of both water and labor than that
previously used.
The Eastern Oregon branch ex
periment station at Union is the old
est and most extensive ot ine Drancn
experiment stations. The work has
consisted principally or:
1 Testing of new and old varie
ties of cereals, forage crops, vege
tables and fruits.
2. Breeding experiments' with fall
wheats.
3. Hog feeding experiments.
4. CMtle feeding experiments.
Is eastern Oregon there is a de
mand for a heavy yielding hulless
barley for feeding purposes. The sta
tion by hybridisation, nas proaueea
several new varieties, some of which
are excellent yielders and are now
known qnite extensively tliroughoW
the Grande Konde valley. Vanetws
of hullesa barley with abundant foli
age and suitable for hay have been
developed. Results in breeding fall
wheats have been so satisfactory that
we feel confident that the new hy
brids which have been produced at
this station will prove to he excep
tionally valuable.
It is a common practice to finish
hogs in a fattening pen on grain
alone. This station lias demonstrated
that more than $200 per carload can
be saved by keeping the hogs on pas
ture and feeding them chopped grain
by aid of the self feeder.
During the past three veal's exten
sive cattle feeding experiments have
been conducted with profitable and
interesting results. It is planned to
increase this work as rapidly as pos
sible to meet the needs of the exten
sive stock raising interests of East
em Oregon.
The Harney branch experiment sta
tion was establisehd for the bene
fit of the farmers many of whom
are homesteading of the great pla
teau region of central and southeast
em Oregon and particularly of the
Harney valley. Since its establish
ment more than 500 varieties of crops
have been tested, rates and dates of
seeding tests have been made, gener
ally, tillage experiments have been
started, experiments with dry fann
ing crop rotation are being conducted,
the value of rape, alfalfa and field
peas hogged or sliceped-ofif is being
determined. Many varieties of frtit
and shade trees and bush fruits are
being tested. Promising varieties of
field crops are being distributed and
many co-operative trials are being
conducted.
One to six day movable schools are
also conducted by the extension ser
vice of the Oregon Agricultural col
lege' throughout the year, the type of
school work being changed during the
various seasons.
Any local organization, such as a
Farmers' union, grange, or other or
ganization in which farmers of the
community are interested, may pro
mote a movable school. Trt counties
buving county agents, it is necessary
to arrange for the school tlliivouifh
them. Such organizations or persons
interested in securing a movable
school should take tip the matter with
the extension service, Oregon Agri
cultural college, Corvallis.
Owing to the heavy demand mane
for this tyie of work the past few
years and to the failure of some points
to meet the expectations of the or
ganizers and Hie extension service, a
few special requirements are being
made of all communities reiui'stmg
this service.
1. Organize a class of not fewer
than twenty people for a one lfnv
sdmol and of not less than forty per
sons for a onger school, these peo
ple agreeing to attend all sessions re
quested.
2. Provide a room in whiclir to
hold the school or a plnce for demon
stration, take care of heat, light and
.janitor service, and furnish convey
ance to and from the railroad station
for instructors in charge of work.
3. Furrosli the demonstration ma
terial necessary for the type of school
desired.
4. Agree to issue 1000 copies of
program for the movable school and
retribute these as inslrncted.
The following lines of work will be
taken np m movable school work dur
ing this year: Horticulture) agron
omy, jwultry dairy, auimul hus
bandry, home economics, and' special
sinbjeeta as may seem desirable.
STATE BUDGETS INCREASED.
Ten Institutions Ask $2,03X015.54 far
1917 Net Approved! Yet
. The superintendents f the ten
state institutions have submitted
their budgets for the coming year and
the increase is $ 'I95.4liti.43 over the
present year's budget. Te total esti
mated as necessary is $2.033,0 15.54.
1 tut one institution's needs are esti
mated lower for 1017 than for 1010.
That is the eastern Oregon state hos
pital which received $308,150.25 for
this vear and asks $2;i!l.2(t0 for the
ensuing period. None of the esti
mates have yet been approved by the
state board of control. The Ixtanl 5s
now considering the amounts asked.
The list of estimates is: State hos
pital, $750,134. penitentiary. $253,-
300; eastern Oregon state hospital,
$259.2f0; soldiers' home. $!W,830:
girls' industrial school, $78,850; insti"
tution for the feeble minded. $2!H.
450; boys' training school, $9fi.00)
tuberculosis sanatorium. $115,426.50;
deaf school, $60,435; blind school.
$37.321.04.
TUITION STILL QUESTIONED.
One Marion County -District Objects
to Salem Board's Action.
To settle the question of the elaitp
of school district No. 24 for interest
on investment and depreciation on
equipment in figurine the tuition for
pupils attending Salem schools from
outxide districts, the Salem school
board at its meeting this week moved
to instruct its attorney. George Q
Bingham, to eecure an interpretation
of the law. The el-rim of the district
for the items oi' interest on invest
ment (nd depreci.it ion of equipment
in figuring the tuition have been dis
allowed.
DESCRIBES FIRST LAMP
THOMAS A EDISON TELLS OF
EARLY DIFFICULTIES.
Light Without Heat, The Firefly Ef
ficiency, Is The Goal Research
Unending, The Way.
"The first thing te do was to find out
what was t'n best material to use for
a light producer," began Mr. Edison.
"I soon mad'j up my iniud that oi an
the materii' I co.ild obtain in 1877
carbon was the most promising. IV
per. iute, palm fiber, grass.'?, tissue
paper, cental v ith tar and rolled into
thin sticks, charcoal, hempevery
thing, in a word, was tried. Finally
on October 21, 387, I carbonized a
piece of eoilon reiving thread btut
into a loop nr.d rented it in a qlass
globe from which the air had been
iumt)ed out. When the current vn
turned on, that black thread ginned
for fortv hours. That was re:iliy Uc
fli-st incandescent electric lamp. It
couldn't be put on the market, of
course, but it showed unmistaUaliiy
that electricity could he used tor in
candescent lighting, I spent about
$40,000 to bring the investigation uj
to that point, and yet in a way, this
was only the beginning. A little lat
er we placed several hundred paper-
filament lamps on the market. So I
ibegan a hunt for the right kind ol
carbon. Men were sent all over the
world to collect grasses and fiber:
that looked promising. They brought
back several hundred, and out f the
lot I selected a certain kind ot bam
boo that grows in Japan. We niitde
filaments out of that for nine years."
In these few words Mr. Edison toffs
the story of the first electric lump,
A' week from tomorrow, the twenty-
first day of October, now known ns
"Kdisoti Day," is the Ikwthduy of t lie
electric lamp.
"No invention is perfiwt, and the
incandescent lamp is not an excep
tion,"' continued Mr. Edison. "Light
without bent is the ideal' irad that is
stiff far off. The electric incandes
cent lamp of today has the cheaiest
form of filament that has- ever been
produced, fciit some day it will be
cheaper anrf rolder than it is. There
is a good dent of truth ill the- faying
that tlie firefly is the idenK. It is, so
far as col'dm'ss goes. Hut its color
is iigsii'nst it. Vou couldn't wse
thousand-candTe firefly to niuteu col
ors, and voit wwnldii 't want tlie insert
to light up a street, because liis- light
would" be hideous greenish yellow.
But some (lay we will get reasonably
near the firefly for efficiency without
copying his disagreeable colon- Thi
task need miuih investigation; much
research of the kind we did iia 1879L
The reseamh' that we begun. Mien is
still going on,, and it always will gw
on. Somehow, eaeh new discovery
opens up the way to another..
"A laboratory is indisiensable
nowadays to- produce an invention,.'"
he remarked. "The Genera! Electric
company has one of the largest in the
world iir which to develop new ideas
or to improve- old processes. Tly
hire inventors now like booikeepens;
That in because the whole character
f mamnfactiErtng has changed. Com
panics that handle a lakefial of dyes
at once and convert whole train ltads
of ore into iron and steel' at a single
operation' have problems, to consider!
that were not worth whiic bothering
about fifty years ago. ft pays to save
a few cencs in handling a ton f ma
terial, and therefore it pays to invent
a way of saving those-few cents.
"Yoa ean improve but yew canT
change human nature." said Edison.
"It is hard, it always will be hard,
to drive a new idea into the- world's
head. No one likes revolutions, even
though they are for the best. The
more important the invention, tlie big
ger is the revolution, which means
the harder your struggle to overcome
prejudice. It takes a Niagara of ad
vertising to make a man ptay the pi
ano acceptably with pneumatic mech
anism and a punched roll of paper in
stead of very badly with ten stiff fin
gers. Yon can imagine bow hard it
was to get whole cities illuminated
with the electric incandescent lamp
Perhaps business men will invent
some quick way of making the world
see the point of a new invention. It
seems to be quite beyond the powers
of an ordinary inventor."
Will Not Call PnpUa.
For the benefit of relatives and
friends City Superintendent Ford
asks that an announcement be made
of the school rule which prohibits
calling a student during periods. Stu
dents may receive messages after per
iods, if necessary.
Timekeeper la Injured.
William McKern, timekeeper at the
Willamette Valley Lumber company's
logging camp above Black Rock, was
struck by a trip line Wednesday
morning and the ligaments of his
neck were painfull? injured. Mc
Kern waa taken to the Dallas hospital
Wednesday afternoon..
S per cent Farm Log
ON FIRST CLASS FARMS
Long Time Prepay Privili
-WRITE-
H. E. MORTON, Dallas, Of
, a
WRITES OF GRAND RONDE BOY,
Journal Reporter Tells of Sampson
Simpson's Clever Art wort
article in The Oregon
Journal Sunday, Alfred Powers tells
of the art work of Sampson himpson,
Bv vomuild Grand Hondo Indian boy.
Sampson cuts clever pictures from
......iivor.l Kis mdv instrument is a
pair of cheap scissors. No one has
ever given him any training yei m
work is surprisingly good. His studio
is the back steps ot! the reservation
store or his own humble home. Kis
materials are the cast-off paste hoard
boxes ttiat come to (lie store. lie
,.u't even has his pm'r of scissors
except wifcen liis mother is no using
them for the family's sewing or wnen
he takes tWn without asking.
Doings of the "Drjs.'''
The regular meeting of the Ifuion
Dry committee was held in the annex
of the Evangelical church on; last
Tuesday evening and wias presided
over by Mrs. Jennie flilison who. bus
succeeded liev. MeConnell as county
chairman, pressm of church work
having necessitated the resignation
of ifoe fatter.
The publicity euinmittee have plac
ed large signs on five of the churches
reading "Brewer's Amendment, vote
315 x no; rote dry', 3W x yes;" thus
signifying the- attitude of these
churches toward the amendments in
question. Meetings that will be of vi
tal interest to. Polk county voters are
being arranged for andi will be held
in neighboring towns and sehool hous
es between Ibis and oleetion day.
These will be announced ira the county
papers. Tihe regular mooting of the
county committee will be- held in the
Evangelical ofrorch next Tuesday ev
ening at 7:.'10l Everybody welcome.
G.E. E.
Lost Two Good'. Operants.
Oscar Haytar hasn't just decided
hat he will wear as a tup coat this
winter. He has tried tw overcoats
but both looked good to-someone else
and departed. AViiile in California
this summer the first one- was stolen
and riday at Independence the sec-
pud one wena the same rente. The
maitcr is under advisement.
Begins Endowment Campaign.
Dr. Myron W. Haynts, secretary of
the endowment campaign for MeMinn-
ville college,, will start a campaign for
the $25,000 which it is hoped Mc
Minnville will contribute towards the
endowment of the local institution.
NO PROTECTWE MEASURE
w i-num u cm (JC RATIO
CONGRESS.
" eouldrrt gat a protective
'""-" r. out or a Democratic
ooii aoetionalfy organized
any mors than vnu aaiiIj -
revival meeting out of a disorder.
T 7 noun.- From Mr. Hugh
Speech at Chicago,
BURSTING A BUBBLE.
The Democrats who sought a crit
icism f mill Tw fKn.l n .
v.u..i.c . am,, of
Mr. Hughes' acceptance of the presl-
. -uuiwauuii Kut one, but not
- ur. nuot was
heartless. Instead of helping the Dem-
i- .I . ' . ""Preme court bubble
, rw.he.Prlcked 11 UA Pin
when in Us letter be siid of Mr
Hughes' action:
"Most Americans will think that
the life of Justice of the supreme
court, he had. right to give effete
his preference for political service."
tef that theci.se aniinst Great Britain
m account of the blacklist Is so weak
at it ought not to be pressed What
lled the attention of the British gov
ment. "in ,he gravest termi.- to
the many serious consequences" to
pprehended If It were not with-
Ho Proposes.
"Bat I dont love vou. Ingomar"
"In these days that Is no reason for
being ensaged to a man."-Loub
llle Courtsr-JournaL
By
if
Pendleton Normal Sck
Proven Necessity E
(Copied from Portland Oregonlsi.)
MONMOUTH, Ore., June 26. The Oregon Notar
school opened this week . . . students enrolled ilu
largest on record for state Normal in Orejoi,,,;,
how to care for large student body a prolilea , ,
800 being crowded into auditorium with leuinj,
paclty of 650. Galleries filled with extra cbiinr
aisles. More than 150 students seated on plul
New boarding houses completed, addition! to m(
ing houses built and tents used. One hundred (ia
sleep on upper floor of school. a
The official school report gives 150 grsdt nf
In Monmouth, for teacher practice. i,
Read 'what those you have elected to kiD
affairs of your state and who are thoroughly ui
regarding school conditions in Oregon haiip
concerning measure 308 on the ballot tth;
election: r
By James Withycombe, Governor of Oregon: .
"OiKnn is umiurstlonahly in need of more nam
school work und H,ndlKtin Is the logical plitci toil
arhuul "( this clues In Kuntern Oreson.
By J. A. Churchill, 8tats Superintendent of hk,
Instruction: '
"I trust that the voters of the 8tete will nr,A',
raisins the Btandtird of uur school by khuIjIIiImi 4
Ktul Normal School at Pendleton.'' i
P. L. Campbell, President of the Univenltif
Oregon:
"At lust one additional normal acaooi u uiu.
needed in Oregon " f
By W. J. Kerr, President af the Oregon Agrlcultm 1
College: k
"Since the peAple of Pendleton are Initiating a nw.l
for the establishment of a Normal School at that n
It will sv ine pleasure to support thla meuur." A
By J. H. Ackerman, President Oregon Normal Ida!
at Monmouth:
"A careful analvala mt the altuatloo will cenftsM
one that Oreaon needa a Normal School In Euura Oq
on and Pendleton tills all the government reauirtnMi;
By ths County School Superintendents of Oregw f
"Reaolved, that It Is the sense of the Count; SO
Superintendents of the State of Ore(on, In ooiniK.i
assembled, that the best interests of the school! of
Scale demand Increased facilities for the tralalat l
taachera. and that we. therefore, endorae the InltitDi
measure to establish a Normal School mt PendltWT f
By Mrs. Charles H. Caetnar, President of v 0rH;
Federation of Women's Cluba:
"I moat heartily endorse Ike location of sail lk
School at Pendleton." 1
Prof. Robert C. French, Farmer Presides! a) t
Normal School Located at Weston: t
"An immediate establlahment of such a school al aar
central point such as Pendleton would prove a inietiaia
1 Ike State ot Oregon "
B. F. Mulkoy, Ei-Presldont Southern Orsfon How
School : I
"I shall support te location) of aa Ksalers ftw'
Normal School at Pendleton." j
State Board of Regents of Oregon Nornult
declares that "the necessity for additional
school facilities in Oregon is apparent." j
Portland Chamber of Commerce endows v
308 and say Pendleton most logical locution!
mal school in Eastern Oregon.
308 X YES IS A VOTE FOR YOUR &
Bum Ommb StaU NnrmMl SrlMai U
By i. H. Owlnn, Secy., rendu
Paid Adv.).
CALL PLASTI
THE MOVE-Y MAN j
When something is one place andyK,
would like to have it somewhere d
Phone 551 : Opposite k'
LiveryS Feed Stable
ED. PLASTER, Proprietor.
BEST OP ATTENTION GIVEN TO
ittAnaiENT HORSES. STABLING
TEAM WITHOUT FEED, 10c; SAD
DLE HORSE. 6c
LEAVE TOUR ORDER WITH US
' xan-nuiLE run XOOR OAR
DEN McCain I Collins' Old Stand
Opposite Hotel Gail
Twico-a-W-ek Observr 11.10 a Tnar
DrTwTL Holloway
Chiropractor
Office over Btafrin'i Draf Store.
Phones: Res. 882; Office 622.
Subscribe-dos'l
Try The Obsernr
The Observer?
I
It must
you fres.
moves ofl
grocer
so rap
Golden WS
S JUST N-