THE POLK COUNTY OBSERVER, FRIDAY, MAY 14, 1015. OREGON Hp! GROWING TWENTY THOUSAND ACRES NOW DEVOTED TO INDUSTRY. Crop Average Twenty-Million Pounds and Has a Value of Four Million Dollar, Says Grower. (By Fred Stump, Suver.) The hop industry In Oregon dates from 1870, but for some time after its Inception was of small consequence. The acreage, devoted to hop growing, in Oregon has varied greatly, expand ing after years of high prices, and contracting after years of low prices. At present there are In hops about 20,000 acres, which produce a crop Averaging 25,000,000 pounds (worth $4,000,000. Of this sum nearly $2,- 000,000 is expended for labor. Many families depend on work in hop yards for the money on which to live through the winter. Aside from lum bering there is probably no other in dustry In the state so great a portion of the proceeds of which go to labor. Hops are usually planted eight feet apart each way. Pegs are set where the hop roots are to be planted and holes made with a sharp stick or some such means on a certain side of the pegs and the roots inserted in these holes. Soil is then packed around the roots. A hop root is a section six or eight inches long taken from a nil! of hops which has arrived at ma turity. Hop roots are planted in the spring as early as practicable and a crop is sometimes secured the first year. There are three varieties of hops in Oregon: The Fuggle, the Red Vine and the Cluster. The Fuggle is an early hop, which while it does not yield heavily sometimes sells for h higher price than do other hops. The Red Vine is the first hop that was planted in Oregon and as a conse quence all the old yards In the state are of this variety. This Is the most hardy variety and on some soils it yields heavily. The Cluster hop Is the, most prevalent variety and until re cently was the best liked hut on ac count of Its tendency to die out it is losing In favor and there is a strong tendency towards replacing It with Red Vines. In point of quality the Red Vine is a favorite with buyers and this, together with its superior vigor and hardiness is inclining grow ers strongly towards it. Hops are, of course, perennial and need to be renewed only when the roots die from disease or Injury. There is, however, a great deal of trouble from this cause, which is sometimes so serious as to cause whole yards to be plowed up. There has never been any, satisfactory explanation of the cause of these dead hills, and the only remedy is replanting, which it not only expensive, hut renders a part of the acreage temporarily unproductive. At the present time hop vines are usually trained on wires supported on poles ten to twenty feet long. The vines are lead to these wires by cot ton twine of a strength sufficient to bear the weight of the vines. Hop yards are plowed and worked both ways, which1 leaves a small square around the hill, which has not been disturbed. This square is then loosened and stirred with a hoe and surplus roots removed. This process is variously known as hoeing, grub bing or pruning. Cultivation with various implements is continued un til about the middle of July when the growth of the vine Is so heavy as to make It difficult or impossible to drive a team through the rows. Irrigation of hop yards has been tried In a limited way and undoubted ly of value, especially in dry seasons. Hop vines require a great deal of moisture especially at the time the crop la maturing and because of our very dry summer seasons, hops fre quently Buffer from lack of moisture. Hops are attacked by aphis or hop lice, which makes it necessary to spray the vines with an insecticide. An emulsion of whale soap and extract of quassia chips is the agent most com monly used although nicotine sprays are sometimes used. Spraying Is usu ally done just after the hops have bloomed. However, It Is sometimes necessary to spray sooner If the hop Hee are present in sufficient numbers to cause honeydew. If the season Is favorable for hop lice with rains and warm, cloudy weather, a second spray- Ing may be required. Red spiders are I also a cause of considerable damage as they sometimes become so numer ous ns to sap the hup vine of practi cally all its vigor, thereby greatly re ducing the crop. No satisfactory means of combatting this pest has yet been found. Hops ripen about September 1st and are picked within the next three weeks. Two methods of paying for pleking are in vogue. Some growers pay by the box, which contains nine bushels, others by the hundred pounds. It would seem that picking by weight Is to be come universal. When picked the hops are sacked and hauled to dryhouses or kilns, where the moisture content Is remov ed by artificial heat to such a degree that they will keep. Sulphur is burn ed under the hops while they are moist to give them the dtsired color. When dry the hops are removed to a bin or cooling room, where they are ! eommonly allowed to absorb atmos pheric moisture or come In case. They are then compressed In bales weighing about 185 pounds and wrapped tn heavy burlap to protect them during shipment. Recently there has been organised the Oregon Hop Growers' association which has as Its objects the stabilis ing of the hop market through the collection and dissemination of infor mation regarding crop conditions at home and abroad; through a better acquaintance and closer relationship with the consumer and through more economic production which can be brought about by co-operation. The association will be able to eliminate competition in selling among growers, which is frequently a cause of falling prices, as a rush to sell Is always tak en advantage of by dealers. Manlpu lation of the market by unscrupulous dealers will also be made difficult or Impossible by an associated effort on the part of growers. It is expected that growers representing more than 70 per cent of the Oregon hop crop will avail themselves of the oppor tunity to Improve their condition by Joining this organization. There is a similar movement to wards organization among the hop growers of Washington and California and it is supposed that with a large part of the hop acreage of the Pacific coast under the control of an associa tion, it will be possible in a measure to control prices, although there is no disposition shown to exact exhorbitant or unreasonable terms. All that is de sired Is to secure to the grower a just return for his labor and investment and this It is thought can be brought about by eliminating the manipulation of the market, which has been so com mon and which has worked to the detriment of the producer without bringing to the consumer any benefit. If the association can get for the grower what the middleman has been taking, hop raising will be made a reasonably profitable occupation and will continue to give employment to many families which depend on hop work for their subsistence. The Oregon hop is preferred to any other Pacific coast hop and this pres tige can be increased by the better quality which will result from united effort In that direction. Our best market is England and complaints are coming from there that our hops con tain too many leaves and stems. It will be one of the principal efforts of the Oregon Hop Growers' association to better this condition, to the end that this desirable market may be held and broadened. LURE OF THERICKREALL FALSE-TEETH SPECIALIST AND SKY-PILOT VISIT WATERS. Fastness or Mountains, With Gloomy Forests, Beetling Cliffs and Scam pering Waters Attract Anglers. By Rev. George H. Bennett. "The Gods live here, along the moun tain Bide At least my Gods among such scenes abide; Down by the river, or in the wooded glen, In trees with songbirds, or in wild beasts den. The deity that beckons me above Is nature's God the God that's al ways love. hear the voices calling in the streams; I hear the wisdom of a sage, it seems, In tales of love told by the forest trees, In rustling whisper of the Autumn leaves. God made the country; let me then abide Along with him, by brook-or moun tain side. Baker. GERMANY IN NO DANGER HAS AMPLE SUPPLY OP FOOD STIFFS AVAILABLE. Bolgiuti Was OfiVml Indemnity for Paswago to France. Hatred for Hrltlsli Intense. "It will be a long war no one in lierlln believes it will end before an other year rolls around" says C. O. Alandantz, who has Just returned from lierlln, where he has been on a visit for the past year, in an inter view with The Telegram. "Ciermany cannot be starved out, for there are ample supplies enough rye for bread until November and plenty of other food. In preparation for the future, all available ground is being placed under cultivation, for even the vacant luts in Berlin are planted to vegetable gardens. "The hatred of the Germans for the British is intense. The Germans do not hate the French; they even feel sympathy for them, for they know that France wants to get back Alsace and Lorraine, the lost provinces. The Belgians have not acted fairly, say the Germans, for Germany offered to pay a cash indemnity for any loss caused by the army passing through to France, and repeated thiB offer after the capture of Liege. Germans hold England responsible for the war and say that there would have been no war but for the preparations which England has been making for years to bring It about. "Life in Berlin is going on much as usual. The cafes are doing busi ness, with good crowds, although they now close earlier than formerly. The theaters are open, but the attendance Is poor. Everyone Is busy, there is plenty of work and I did not find a beggar from the time the war start ed until I left for Portland. On the streets you see men on crutches, or with an arm-in a sling, and there are women wearing mourning, but these are the only signs of war noticeable, other than the absence of young men. "Patriotism Is strong in Berlin. If there was a call for volunteers today nearly every old man would offer him self. The prisoners there are thou sands In a bullpen In Berlin are guarded by old men and youngsters. I visited the detention camp and saw English, Russians, Turcos, French, Belgians and Hindus all together. Sometimes these allies fight among themselves. English merchants who were in business In Berlin are interned out at a big race track. They have no trouble in obtaining supplies, but they are not permitted playing cards since they had a big row over cards. "Public works are In progress as though nothing was happening. Then- is a shortage of young mechanics and engineers, but that is all. "Germany cannot understand why most of the newspapers of the United States are pro-British. They know that when war started the British cut the German cables and thereafter told whatever they wanted the American to know. I, with many other Ameri cans who were In Berlin, signed a pe tition to President Wilson, asking him to cease the sale of guns and ammu nition to the allies, Germans realize. however, that as a neutral the United States has a right to sell war muni tions, for Germany sold guns and am munition In the Philippines and Id Mexico. "And. say." said Mr. Mandants, "there are no long faces seen on the streets of Berlin. The people are cheerful." Observer want ads. do the bis. The days of balm and sunshine, with the snowy peaks of the Cascades peering out of the eastern dreamland, and -the forest-clad Coast mountains silhouetted in blue outlines on the. sun set sky somehow awaken the spirit of romance and adventure and we hear the "call of the wild." Who does not feel the magic, pow er of the shadowy canons, and hear the rythmic voices of the crystal wat ers that issue from the dim land of mystery. The voices of nature find responsive chords in many hearts when the wily trout begins to rise to the fly and we steal away to the deep pools and whirling eddies. So we stole away, while the day was young, In Dr. Foster's trusty Ford. We had the usual outfit of baked beans, fly rods, coffee, bait, sandwiches, and unbounded enthusiasm. But the "trusty" quickly lost its enthusiasm. It was In the middle of a dizzy hill but the call of the wild was upon us, and could not be mistaken, and we fi nally hit the trail with all that load of "outfit" and happy expectations. But say, It was too bad to abandon that pert and saucy, "trusty" to its fate of watchful waiting. The doctor felt his responsibility, too, for at daybreak he had been warned the fish up the Ttickreall had very bad teeth and he had better take his forceps along. So we struggled on. He first led us as a lamb to the slaughter off the trail around a lonely cabin and down a shady gulch a mile along an old log way. It was a cool, exhlleratlng morning. The dew hung in spangles on every blade of grass and sparkled like jewels on every leaf, while the sweetbriar and mountain balm filled the air with the breath of Eden. It was a joyous morning un til we discovered our lost trail stretch ing along the canyon side three hun dred feet above us. But there is nothing like it for jaded nerves and weak digestion so the doctor led us skywards. Every joint creaked and our knees fairly smoked when we fell into that lofty trail at last; and then we knew how to sympathize with the trusty Ford. It was a three mile hike to a little valley where dwelled a few peaceful souls far from the jostling throng and corroding care. But It was mighty dry in said valley, for a sedate coun tryman was sowing oats amid a cloud of dust in a fertile field of clods. With deep motions and stirring thought of "back to the farm" we trudged with all our "outflt" across the broad acres of plowed ground. The doctor then tried to unload some of his respon bility onto the s. c. He even offered his money to guide us to the trail over yon mountain height through the tangled thickets to the far famed Rlckreall. But that good man had In him none of the love of the "root of all evil," for he could not leave his oats. Some pioneer had hewed a cowpath into a wagon road that wound and zigzagged across the crumpled land scape and ft was our highway to success. And after a few more miles we stood In view of the promised land. But crossing Jordan and taking old Jerleho were nothing to conquering that unspeakable jungle which stretch ed to Infinitude below us. I opined to our popular tooth-carpenter, by way of exegesis or revenge, that if he had a grudge against the Old Nick, just send him to the Bickreall. We f'll down briery steeps, toiled up salal hills, stumbled into fallen fern-hidden j tree tops, were trapped in tangles of vine maple but how refreshing was the Ice-cold water we drank from the little rivulets that babbled among the mossy rocks. We found the tell-tale tracks of a fleeing deer startled from his morning nap. And when old Sol was beating down from mid-heaven, we emerged from the evergreen woods and stood on the stony banks of the laughing Riekreatl. We stopped for a breathing spell in the shadow of a red huckleberry bush. radiant with tufts of pink blossoms. and with dogwood shrubs In full bloom standing guard all about us. Our dinner bells were ringing, and we speedily forgot our troubles in a lusty attack on a can of Van Kamp's fa mous pork and beans, and moved our faces over great squares of bread and deviled ham. But the trout! Well, they are hum ble folk but they have minds of their own like all other good American citizens and It wasn't time for them to dine. We whipped the riffles and boiling torrents and shimmering pools for a mile down the picturesque I gorge; we tempted them with bait, but only a few were beguiled by our blandishments. The stream here runs through a big sag In the country which has been logged off. A bridge of huge logs spanned the walls of the gorge a hun dred feet above the stream and near by a cluster of cabins nestled in ab ject and lonely desolation among the alders the deserted village. It was once a scene of throbbing life, but its glory was now departed. Several miles up a winding, grassy wagon trail along the high bushy banks of the stream stood a huge dam built of great logs like a big log house. It was near sun set when, weary and hungry, we threw down our packs beside a dilapidated cabin. The false-teeth specialist whipped the waters till dark, while the sky-pilot set the camp in order, gathered wood and spread the evening banquet. The doughty dentist return ed hitrhtv elated with his catch. It had been a regular campaign of tooth pulling. Every time he cast his line hp nulled out a fish's teeth but the fish came with them. And he pulled them with a little hook. He didn't need the forceps after all, and so his thriving business went right on there in the wilderness. But it was a famous feast we had that night in the fitful flicker of the irelight steaming coffee, graham bread and trout! Then we stretched our weary frames on a bed of hemlock boughs to peaceful slumbers. God send to every hot and tossing heart The rest of one dear canon night. To leave The teeming haunts of men and climb some cool And shadowed trail, the while the world recedes; To walk thro' all the wonders of the hills And stop to pluck a flower, and gather here A cone and there a filigree of fern; To feast the eye on some green stretch of pines, The silver ribbon of some prowling stream, Some vista of the vines, the plain be hind, Some castled crag or pinnacle of peak before. How sweet to rise and go my way un til I reach the spot where Nature hath prepared Fler guest-room for me, hung with vine and fern, The windows open softly thro' the trees; The celling is the canopy of blue; The couch ah, who shall say how finely sweet The spiced aroma of the needles is, How soft the perfumed fangle I ar range As twilight falls? and now the taper stars Are lighting me to slumber and I draw The darkness round me like a coverlet; I feel my mother, Nature, tuck me in. And now the white regattas of the clouds Sail past me as the moonbeams gently kiss My closing eyes to rest and happy dreams. Maurice Smiley. The stilly night in the remote moun tain wilds has charms of its own. One of them was the marauding maneu vers of a wood rat a mischievous, thievish little beast; and another was the chirping voice of the elusive bob cat. The mighty solitudes are enliven ed here and there by the querulous cry of the Oregon jay, by the sweet song of the bright gold finch, and the minor notes of the chewlnk. While resting next day In a sunny spot, stretched out on the grass, looking at the many forms of tree tops, a dapper silver grey squirrel came frisking down the path. He bobbed about and then hopped onto my knee and thence to my foot and then how he scampered for the bushes. The fastnesses of the mountains with their gloomy forests of giant fir, their beetling cliffs, and abysmal can yons, have their own peculiar fascina tions where the heart atune to na ture's anthem finds keen delight. And the purling stream with its many moods is the sacred snnne wnere xne longing heart finds solace. But the reverie Is broken when the fly falls lightly on the swirling water, for a Hash, a tug. a whirr and the battle is on. And a battle royal it is, into the depths, across the mad waters, ; then down with the current, while the light rod bends and bows in humble obeisance to the prince of waters at the other end of the silken line. But though our catch was small -ev ery trout was a beauty to gladden the eye and quicken the heart-beat of old zaac Walton himself. v " I kr-s J CHARLES FROHMAN New York theatrical man who want down on tha Luaitania. n HI FOB mm And We're Getting It, Too This laundry offers you a service that cannot be beaten. We know you will appreciate our kind of service and are anxious to prove to you the assertion that "it cannot be beaten." It is The Particular Kind For Particular People , And its every-day service, rendered by laundry workers experienced in the art. We keep our promises, and deliver on time. Our wagon picks up laundry in all parts of town. Simply telephone No. 1274, and we will be Johnny on the spot in a jitt'v. It's coining our way help it along. I BIT STEAM LAUNDRY YOU MAY VISIT the California Expositions On your way to or from the East. On sale May 15 daily to September 30 permitting stop-overs en route. Ten days' stop allowed on one way tickets at San Francisco and Los Angeles. A New Fast Train "The Kxposition Special" Daily on and after May 16 Leave Portland daily 8:30 a. m. One Night to San Francisco LOW ROUND TRIP FARMS TO SAN FRANCISCO AM) SAN DIEGO DUR ING TIIK EXPOSITION PERIOD. Visit the Southern Pacific building at'the Panama-Pacific Exposition. Rest Room, Moving Pictures, Travel Lec tures, Ticket and Validating Office and Information Bureau. Full Information from nearest Agent of SOUTHERN PACIFIC John M. Scott, General Passenger Agent, Portland, Ore. May 14-21-28. WHEN THE TEST COMES, YOU WANT TO KNOW THAT YOUR CAR WILL MEASURE UP TO THE REQUIREMENTS. FORD CARS, WITH THEIR LIGHT, STRONG, FLEXIBLE FRAMES, STURDY, POWERFUL MOTORS AND SIMPLE DESIGN, MEET ALL DEMANDS. IN CITY OR COUNTRY, ON GOOD ROADS OR BAD, UNDER ALL CONDITIONS, THE FORD GETS THERE AND GETS BACK AT AN AVERAGE COST OF TWO CENTS A MILE FOR OP ERATION AND MAINTENANCE. BUYERS WILL SHARE IN PROFITS IF WE SELL AT RETAIL 300,000 NEW FORD CARS BETWEEN AUGUST 1914 AND AUGUST 1915. RUNABOUT $110; TOURING CAR $490; TOWN CAR $690; COUPELET $750; SEDAN $075, F. O. B. DETROIT WITH ALL EQUIPMENT. ON DISPLAY AND SALE AT Ford Garage, Dallas, Ore. Star Transfer Co. WE MOVE ANYTHING THAT IS MOVEABLE PROMPT SERVICE G. A. & L C. MUSOTT & LP. STARR, Props. Phon. Standa: Webater'i Confectionery 511 Ellis' Confectioaery 1063 Ban 1074 - t