BATTLE ROYAL IN THE
CHICAGO CONVENTION.
Republican
Alone
W ill
National
(lath ering
D eterm ine
W ho
Candidate It to Be.
GREAT 1908 CAMPAIGN NOW ON.
In the D em ocratic Field, W a sh in g
ton Political Observers Think
Bryan Is a Certainty.
C PRESIDENTIAL CAM
PAIGNS SINCE 1856.
Good Thing to Cut Out
and Save for R eference.
There have been thirteen campaigns by
the Republican and Democratic parties.
H e p u lillm u
4 a n d Id a tea.
1850— Fremont and Dayton.
1860—Lincoln and Hamlin.
1864— Lincoln and Johnson.
1868—Grant and Colfax.
1872—(«rant and Wilson.
1876—-Hayes and Wheeler.
1880—Garfield and Arthur.
1884-— Blaine and Logan.
1888— Harrison and Morton.
1892— Harrison and Reid.
1896— McKinley and Hobart.
lilOO-— McKinley and Roosevelt.
1004— Roosevelt and Fairbanks.
D e iu u crstlc C an d id a tes.
W ashing ton correspondence:
HIS d tp will be
the center o f the
great
political
campaign which
will rage
from
California
t o
Maine until the
ballots of next
November deter
mine the people’s
choice for Presi
dent. From now
on until the sue-
•esKor o f M r.
Itooeevelt Is chu
rn there will not
» an instant’s in
termission in the
din of political battle.
Secretary Taft stands sharply in the
limelight and his friends are redoub
ling their efforts in his behalf. The
fact that he is the candidate of the ad
ministration is sure to have the effect
of keeping Washington on the Jump to
watch every move. Senators Foraker
and Knox and Secretary Cortelyou. also
located In Washington, will help to
keep tile political pot furiously boiling
In the capital. New York will get the
height of its excitement from the fact
that Gov. Hughes seems destined to bo
a factor o f no small moment in the line
up o f the contestants In Chicago. Vi«»
President Fairbanks and Speaker Can
non, presiding officers res|>eotively of
the Senate and House, must Inevitably
keep these bodies embroiled in the
•tress growing out of their candidacy,
and their home States o f Indiana and
Illinois are likely to feel the heat.
Between these men, Taft, Knox,
Hughes. Foraker. Fairbanks and Can
non. the convention at Chicago is re
garded an open chance. Ail are pow
erftilly tracked, all will push their cam-
1830— Buchanan and Breckinridge.
1800— Douglas and Johnson.*
1864— McClellan and Pendleton.
1808— Seymour and Blair.
1872—Greeley and Brown.
1870—Til den and Hendricks.
1880— Hancock and Fnglish.
1884—Cleveland and Hendricks.
1888—Cleveland and Thurman.
1892—Cleveland and Stevenson.
1890— Bryan and Sewall.
1900— Bryan and Stevenson.
1904— Parker and Davis.
•By the northern Democrats and Breck
inridge and Lane by the southern Dem
ocrats.
K lectora l
V otes.
The number of electoral votes received
by the two parties in ^hese contests and
the pluralities are shown here:
Plu.
Rep.
Dem.
m D
1856... ................ 114
174
108 R
1860...
•72
191 R
1864...
212
21
1868... ................ 214
134 R
80
223 It
03
1872... ................ 286
1.876. . . ................ 185
184
i R
1880... ................ 214
1.55
so R
D
219
37
1884... ................ 182
168
83 R
1888... ................ 233
132 D
1892... ................ 271
178
1896... ................ 271
05 R
178
137 It
1900...
153
19 0 4 . . .
196 R
140
•The electoral vote of the Breckin-
ridge-Lane ticket of the southern Demo
crats : the Douglas-Johnson ticket of the
northern Democrats received 12.
magnetic
Nebraskan’s
undoubted
strength In his party.
Six months o f contention must take
place before the two parties place their
standard bearers In the field, the Re
publicans at Chicago, the Democrats
at Denver. Meantime the nation’s
business will be swayed and moved by
every new boom, by every straw, by
every Indication.
Capital, sensitive
above all things o f which man has
PHEW! IT S GETTING HOT.
For Democracy Brvan Is bound to be
the big figure, whether he !■ the can
didate or not. No man matches him
In the jmpular kind o f eloquence, and
his fine voice, handsome face and mag
netic hearing give him a phenomenal
power to sway audiences. If Bryan Is
the nominee It Is probable that the
country will be stirred by another
speechinaking tour similar to the mem
orable one of 1890.
And after the turmoil has subsided,
and business, collecting Its scattered
wits, gets together at the beginning of
1909 to try to make up the ground lost
In a wasted year there will be new ad
vocates for a Mil Introduced Into Con
gress recently by the venerable Sena
tor Cullom of Illinois, which provides
for an amendment to the constitution
making the terra of the President six
years, limiting each Incumbent to one
term, and thus decreasing 50 per cent
the recurrence o f the year o f politics.
INDUSTRIES ARE REVIVING.
W orkers of A ll K inds Are R eporteo
in Great Demand.
Business throughout the United
States, both commercial and Indus
trial. is reviving, according to Ter
ence V. Powderly, chief of the divi
sion o f Information, bureau of Immi
gration. The division of information
was created by Congress as an agency
to divert immigration from the larger
cities, and find places for the unem
ployed alien. The functions of the
division have been enlarged. Inasmuch
as Chief Powderly Is endeavoring to
provide work for Americans as well
as aliens.
From July 1 last until early In Oe
tober 200,000 requests were made upon
Chief Powderly to supply
various
forms o f labor for factory, railroad,
farm and Industrial enterprises o f all
descriptions.
About the middle of
October, when the financial disturb
ances became acute, many of these
applications were
canceled, corre
spondents stating that Instead o f need
ing labor they were putting off men,
and that everything pointed to a pro
longed period of depression.
Recently there has been a renewa.
of the demand for labor. Chief Pow
derly says that this demand comes
from every section o f the cou ntry;
that It calls for mechanics, mill oper
atives, factory hands, railroad bulllers,
and farm laborers. From the agricul
tural States have come notice that In
the spring hundreds of thousunds o f
farm hands will he needed, and that
every effort should be made by the gov
ernment at this time to see to It that
an adequate supply of labor Is provided
In the regions where It will be urgently
required.
“ An Investigation has developed,“
said Mr. Powderly. “ that, while the
unusually large exodus of foreigners
during the past few months was the di
rect result of disturbed financial con
ditions. It was not due to the closing
of mills or factories or cessation in the
-progress o f public works. The great
majority o f those who returned to Eu
rope were not turned out o f employ
ment. They were alarmed by the out
look and decided to go back. The tide
will begin to turn early in the spring,
and I have no doubt that the Increas
ing demand for labor that our reports
Indicate Is at hand will he fully met
by the supply In this country amplified
by an enlarged immigration.”
TERRORS OF “ FRAT” INITIATION.
Sorority Cerem onies Shatter Nerves
o f N ovitiate and Arouse Mothers.
paigiis with that energy for which the
American politician is famous. For
them will lie expended limitless elo
quence, and in their Interest the quiet
work, which appears little on the snr-
face, but which means so much In the
final result, will keep forces of trained
men busy from now on uptil the nomi
nation Is made.
For the first time In twenty years
the Republican convention will see a
real battle. The gathering that nomi
nated Benjamin Harrison In 1888 was
sn open fight much similar to the one
that promises for this year. In 1892 the
renoniination of Harrison was a fore
gone conclusion; In 1896 the movement
Against free silver had fixed on McKin
ley In advance o f the convention as the
man to lead the fight: and in 1900 not
a
shadow of opposition developed
Against his retiom I nation. Similarly
Roosevelt outranked In popularity every
name suggested for the Republican nom
ination. But this year the quadrennial
upheaval will tie made still mor chaotic
by the sharpness of the Republican bat
tle.
D rm orratlp
F l*h t
D ifferen t.
The Democratic fight Is a little dif
ferent. There is no mixed field with
the hopes even. It Is everybody
against Bryan. lu opposition to # the
Nebraskan will lie welded all the forces
that contend that his two defeats for
the place eliminate him. but though
Judge Gray. Gov. Johnson of Minneso
ta. ('hauler of New York, and Hoke
Hmlth have been tentatively mentioned,
there Is no evidence of any boom pow
erful enough to prevail agmlust tbs
knowledge, will rejoice or tremble as
this man or that seems to gain the
ascendancy, and gigantic projects will
hang fire (lending the nominations.
And when the men are In the field,
far from helping tin* situation, a new
and even worse upheaval will take
place. Frenaled stump speakers will
tramp up and down the country, paint
ing In horrible phrase the terrific ex-
periem*es that confront the nation in
the doleful event of the success o f the
opposition party.
Platforms will be
torn to pieces In this delirium of ex
hortation ; men’s lives, alms and char
acters riddled ; the constitution of the
country will be both Invoked and con
demned ; the giants of business will on
the one hand be extolled, on the other
savagely condemned.
The campaign will last* four months,
and in that time both parties will call
on the biggest guns they have; the star
speaker« will be draftecV to present the
opposing arguments. As a forensic
struggle the fight Is bound to be more
than ordinarily Interesting. Each side
has orators of the first rank, veterans
who understand the art of stirring au-
dlem'es.
Leading the Republicans may he
Roosevelt himself. For him to speak
In a campaign while holding the office
of President would be In violation of
precedent, of coarse, but the chief apos
tle o f the strenuous life has never
bothered much about slavish deference
to custom, ami ss his policies are like
ly to be under fire throughout the cam
paign It Is entirely ptwslble that he
may he wrought up to one o f his char
acter Istlcally blunt speech***
B ran
P u ttin g
Up
S ila g e .
Many people make the mistake of
cutting corn too green for silage,
writes Dr. G. A. Billings In American
Agriculturist. At this stage there is
a larger percentage of water, and the
silage when taken out has a large
amount of acid, less starch and sugar
and hence Is less nutritious.
Corn
planted in drills with stalks eight to
ten Inches apart will mature a good
proportion of ears.
Harvesting should not begin until
the ears are passing the roasting stage
and begin to glaze. Unless the season
is exceptionally dry the stalks and
leaves will remain green, but too ma
ture or dry corn is more liable to
mold. This may be found In spots
wound the sides or more generally
over the silo wherever the air has gain
ed access to cause the fungous growth.
This condition may be Improved by
tramping the material carefully In the
silo, adding water by sprinkling with
a hose, or If this is not avalable di
rect a stream o f water into the blower
or elevator sufficient to suturate the
cut fodder. This moisture assists the
material to settle and acts as a seal
to keep out the air.
There should b e , labor and teams
enough to keep the cutter running
steadily. Nothing Is gained by cutting
a large amount of corn beforehand,
hauling and piling near the machine
to be handled over again. Aim to har
vest at the least expense a ton. This
will be accomplished as follow s:
If
hand cutting is practiced, cut and hand
directly to the man loading, not throw
ing on the ground In bundles, which
will require an extra handling. Let
each load come to the table of the ma
chine In turn, handling the corn direct
ly to the feeder. I f the corn is long
and heavy an extra man is needed on
the table to assist.
Power should be ample and In pro
portion to the size o f \he cutter. The
blower is replacing the elevator ma
chine, economizing space and largely
doing away with the stopping o f an
entire crew to repair the elevator. If
the corn is heavy and the stalk largs
cutting In half Inch to one Inch pieces
will have the tendency to partially
shred the stalk, and there will be no
butts refused by the« animals.
Teh material in the silo should be
kept level and well trampled, especial
ly around the sides of the silo, and It
pays to have sufficient help for this
work.
Where considerable silage is
put up It pays to have a corn harvest
fo r
P o n ltr jr ,
"Bran Is an excellent food for poul
try In all stages o f growth as well as
for laying hens. One great point In
Its favor la its cheapness. It contains
a larger proportion of lime thau any
'other food at ths price, and lime is
essential to growth o f bone, muscles
and feathers, as well as the formation
of shells for eggs. Lime which Is
found In food for some reason Is much
more easily assimilated than In the
form o f oyster shell and the like.
Wheat Is a most excellent poultry food,
but the high price prohibits many
from using It freely. Bran and clo
ver used in connection with oats will
produce as good results. Clover and
alfalfa are rich in lime and should be
had at all times In the green stats
when possible and In the form o f well-
cured hay the rest of the year. Cut
alfalfa and bran may be fed In the
form of a mash. Skim milk Is an Ideal
thing to moisten It with. Fowls, how
ever, will consume quantities of bran
dry fed from a self-feeder and they
eat alfalfa or clover hay freely from
the stack or manger.
“ Bran may be used mixed with the
cut grain n the self-feeder and per
haps this Is the most convenient form
o f all In which to use It.
“ Some o f the most valuable food
properties contained In the wheat are
left In the bran and Its food value for
^poultry Is not fully appreciated by
many poultry raisers or we would see
more of them using It In the ration.
If you feed bran, clover and alfalfa
you need on oyster shell and very little
cut bone or lean meat. In fact a flock
will get on and yield lots of eggs with-
ou any attempt to furnish meat If the
bran and alfalfa la fed.”— Poultry
Topics.
THE W E E K L Y
1253— The Alhambra, a famous Moorish
palace near Granada, founded by
Mohammed I.
1651— First school opened in New Eng
land for instruction of Indian chil
dren.
1731— First Issue of the South Carolina
Gazette at Charleston.
1750— George Washington married to
Martha Custis.
1765— Stamp act passed the British Par
liament.
1775— First provincial assembly of South
Carolina met at Charleston.
1777— Elizabethtown, N. J., evacuated
by the British.
1779— Lafayette sailed from Boston to
aid Frauce in her war writh Eng
land.
1781— French attack on Jersey.
1789— First national election held in ths
O v e r s h o e fo r H o r s e s .
United States.
Horses undoubtedly require an over 1791— Vermont adopted the Constitution.
shoe when the ground Is snowy and 1793— First balloon ascension in Amer
coated with Ice as much so as the
ica made by Francois Blanchard.
average human be 180fr—( ’ape of Good Hope taken by the
ing.
Drivers, al
English. . . . Public funeral in Lon
though anxious to
don to Lord Nelson.
protect horses from 1809— Congress urged drastic measures
Injury by falling,
to enforce embargo act.
have been unable 1811— New Orleans militia called out to
to procure practi
suppress negro insurrection.
cal and satisfac 1815— British defeated at battle of New
tory
overshoes.
Orleans.
Those made of rub- 1816— Safety lamp, invented by Sir
b e r prevent the
Humphrey Davy, first used in coal
horse
from
slip
mine.
ping, but they wear 1820— Large part of Savannah, Ga., de
out so quickly their cost Is prohibitive.
stroyed by fire.
In the illustration Is shown one which 1840— Henry D. Gilpin of Pennsylvania
seems well fitted to serve the purpose,
became Attorney General of United
States.
Invented by a Massachusetts man. It
is made along similar lines to the 1848— Insurrection at Messina.
“ gripper” chain placed on automobile 1852— Laval university at Quebec opetv
ties. The tread is formed o f a num
ed.
ber of metallic links. When the over 1853— The Victoria nugget, weighing 28
shoe Is adjusted ou the foot the links
pounds, sent by Australia as a pres
ent to Queen Victoria.
Intervene between the hoof and the
ground, affording a firm grip.
This 1861— Jefferson Davis of Mississippi
spoke in justification of secession. . .
overshoe need not necessarily be worn
Mississippi seceded from the Union.
on the horse all the time, but In case
of sudden freeze can be quickly ad 1863— The Alabama sank the United
States steamer Hatteras.
justed In position and removed when
desired.
1S67— Movement to impeach President
Johnson began in the House.
R e s u l t o f ( 'o r a
B r e e d in g .
1870— Postcards first introduced into
From numerous experiments made
England.
In Wisconsin there has been developed
1872— Congress arranged to issue 1 cent
a strain o f white dent corn which
postal cards.
grows on a very short, thick-set stalk,
1874— Statue of the prince consort un-
and which matures a good-sized ear, .
veiled in London by the Prince of
and the ears run remarkably uniform.
Wales.
The growth centers in the ear rather 1883— United States Senate passed a
than in producing a big stalk at the
presidential succession bill.
expense o f a small ear. After four 1888— Many lives Lost in terrific snow
years o f careful, persistent work, there
storm in the Northwest.
are numerous corn fields In Southern 1891— International monetary conference
and Central Wisconsin
which will
met at Washington.
yield 60 to 80 bushels per acre, and 1893— Last Rpike driven in Great North
100 bushels have been reported several
ern extension to the Pacific coast.
times.
$uch results coming from a
State which a few years ago was con
W o m a n F irst In K io p t .
sidered out of the corn belt demon
An Egyptian papyrus over 2,000 yearw
strate what corn breeding will accom old, which has been brought to the Toledo
plish when carried on along sensible (Ohio) Museum of Art with other an
tiquities, is found to be of exceptional im
lines.
portance, as it establishes the date of the
reign of a Pharaoh hitherto unknown and
C lo v e r a n d F o d d e r .
Clover and corn furnish a foddet throws light on the condition of woman
ration'that can not easily be Improved in the fourth century, B. C. The name
upon for dairy cows. Two factors of the writer who signs this papyrus is
should he taken Into account when de found on another documenut in Strasburg
university, which bears a definite date,
termining the amount of grain to feed.
consequently his reference to tht* Pharaoh
One Is the extent to which clover or Kahahbasha places the reign of that Pha
alfalfa Is fed, and the second Is the raoh in the year 341 B. C It also con
production o f the cow. The rule with firms the statement of the Greek historian
some is to feed one pound o f grain for Diodorus, of the first century B. C., say
every three pounds of milk produced. ing that women were more important in
When clover or alfalfa form a large the social scale of Egypt than men and
part o f the ration It would seem rea that they formerly dictated terms in mar
sonable to suppose that a less quantity riage. Since Diodorus no evidence had
of grain would suffice than the amounts been found substantiating his statement.
named.
N e w D I «ern ie o f H o r n e s .
The nerve racking, even though fancied,
terrors of an initiation into a Greek let
ter society of girl students in private and
preparatory schools in New York City
caused a meeting of twenty angry mothers
at the home of Mrs. Elizabeth Moore.
Their first purpose is to break up the
local organization of the Sigma Gamma
Society, and their second is to start a
campaign throughout the country against
er and binder, which economizes hand
secret societies among school girls.
It was the story of Julia Mills, not yet labor. The accompanying Illustration
17, ns told by her to her mother, that shows part o f the outfit used at the
caused Mrs. Mills to take the first steps. New Jersey experiment station In fill
Miss Mills, according to her story, was ing the silo for fall and winter feed.
summoned to appear at the Moore home. The source o f power for running the
When she was ushered In she was led into -.utter and blower Is a gasoline engine.
a dimly lighted room between two col
A void in g W a «tN .
umns of black robed, black masked fig-
Uies. up to the high priestess.
The first great lesson to be learned
“This will be a test of your fortitude, Is to avoid waste. Waste has been the
of your fitness to be a sister. You are curse o f agriculture. Why pay taxes
ordered to thrust your hand into a small on land that la not farmed? Why only
caldron of molten lead, which you see be half cultivate the fields and so waste
fore you. Ready! Obey orders!”
both land and labor
Why waste time
Miss Mills dashed her hand into the
A new and destructive disease of horse»
liquid and sank to her knees in fright. and capital In raising Inferior animals?
C h eap F e r tlllln s .
After she recovered her composure in part Why waste money In buying what
Some o f the best farms In the East —new. that is. to this continent— has
she was surprised to note that the caldron should be raised on the farm? Why have been brought to the highest de been discovered in western Pennsylvania,
| waste energy In trying to do more than
j It is epizootic lymphangitis, and the State
was filled with mercury.
gree of fertility by the use o f clover,
'veterinary department is taking every pos
Suddenly the lights went out. Miss ' any one man can do right? On many
lime
and
manure.
The
farmers
who
sible means to stamp out the disease be
Mills felt the floor give way beneath her i farms there Is waste In a thousand
have
accomplished
such
results
have
fore it has caused great loss to horse
and she felt herself go down, down, and ways, and no wonder that to some
aimed
to
save
every
pound
o
f
manure,
owners throughout the State,
then land on the pillows.
| "farm ing does not pay.” The small
The candidate was ordered to grasp the details must be looked after, and no and also to preserve It In the best j This disease has been known for a long
hand, for which she could only feel. Shud farm should be larger than what can manner. Lime is used extensively by time in India. China. Japan and the
dering. she involuntarily drew back her
those who know that lime is an essen I Philippine Islands, and more recently in
arm when she felt the clammy fingers. be properly attended to.
tial Ingredient o f plants, and also be ! South Africa. From South Africa it was
She hod grasped a wet chamois skin glove
cause it Is excellent for increasing the j carried, after the Boer war. to England
Bent G r a f t i n g W a x .
find Ireland, whete the British Board o f
filled with sand.
The following Is claimed to be the clover crop. Clover enriches the land I Agriculture has been combating it active
Again she was led forth, this time to
by promoting the supply of nitrogen In
heat
grafting
wax,
by
an
old
orchard-
ly for several years. When or by what
drink a nauseating liquid out of a skull,
which liquid “ would serve to make her ist who says be has tried a great ths soil, hence lime and clover make agency it reached Pennsylvania has not
been discovered.
of one blood with her other prospective m any: To four pounds o f rosin and an excellent combination.
one of beeswax add one pint of linseed
About 40 horses deemed incurable ha vs
sisters.”
W ir e -W in d in g
M a e b la e .
been destroyed. The others are in quar
Revolting at each gulp, she was com o il: put In an Iron pot, heat slowly
The
frame
b
f
this
wire-winding
ma
antine. The disease is a dangerous on«
pelled to drain the skull.
and mix ; pour Into cold water and pull
chine Is constructed of 2x4 lumber, f and hard to combat.
antll It assumes a light color. Work
feet
by
2
feet
5
Inches.
Standards
for
TOLD IN A FEW LINE3.
'uto sticks, and put Into a cool place
S srrean o f P a r o lin g B o y *-
In an attempt to rob the t'itlaene intll wanted. Some prefer linseed ell
The Society (or the Prevention of
National bank at Ix>ng View. Texi.s. Alex <o animal fat for grafting wax.
Cruelty to Children at New York re
Walker, a negro, was shot by Sheriff Lit
ports that SO per cent of the 1,407 boya
M n n n re for the G arden.
tle and probably fatally wounded.
and Kiri« accused of various offenses and
Let the barnyard manure for the gar
The new whitehead torpedo developed a
paroled daring 1007 have mended their
speed of thirty-one an«^ thirty-two knots den be well rotted If It Is desired to cul- '
■vays.
in tests off Newport, R. I., of a coi sign- tlvate It Into the soil early In the
T il« F a ilu r e « o f 1 9 0 7 .
nient recently purchased abroad.
|spring; bat If coerse. green manure nas
M A C H I N E TO W I N D WISE.
Don's Agency reports a total of 11,721
Senator Jefferson Dsvia of Arkansas to be used, scatter broadcast during the
Mid. “ I don’t believe any man on earth winter, and rake up or mulch part of holding shaft. 2 feet 10 Inches. Shaft commercial failures during 1907, repre
ever made a million dollars honestly" In It before plants are set In spring. Of for holding wire spool, S feet B Inches venting $197,385,225 of indebtedness de
(salted, as compared with 10,682 failure
an address before a mass meeting of the
coarse, this applies to ground Chat has long with ersnk. For wheels, swlli- In the preceding year and 1119,201,311
Progressive IVmoeratic league in Cooper
e-e*
wheels
will
•sen
plowed
the
past
fall.
1
liabilities.
Ualoe hail. Nev York.