WEEGK AND JURIS
TEnOIDLE DISASTER ON
WADA8H flOAD.
THE
Immigrant Train Collided Willi Limited
Mall and Nearly 75 Killed The Wreck,
age tlurntd OrJera Were Mliunderilood
.1-Farmers Began the Work ol Hescue
Aided by Itcllel Trains.
Detroit, Mich., Nov. 20. From
70 to 80 persons woro killed anil
about 125 Injured In a wreck on tho
Wabash railroad tonight. Two
lionvlly loaded passenger trniiiN col
lided liund on at full speed ono milo
cast of Seneca, Hit) second station
went of Admin. Tho wont hound
train, composed of two cars loaded
with Itullan Immigrants mid ilvu
other conchos, wiih smashed and
burned with uwful loss of Ilfo mid
fearful injuries to a majority of Hh
passengers. Tho oast lonnd passen
ger train, thu Continental Limited,
miliorcd In scarcely lean degree. Tho
track in tho vicinity of tho wreck in
strown with dead and dying. Many
physicians from Detroit went to tho
acono of tho dimeter.
Tho country for mile around wan
lighted up hy tho burning cam. Tho
flames could not bo quenched because
of lack of proper apparatus Man
gled bodies were pickcd.up along tho
track by farmers buforo tho special
train Dent from Admin arrived on tho
ncone. In somo instances, thu bodies
woro mangled beyond all recognition.
The bodies which tho roue i lent man
aged to mill from thu burning ruiiiM
were so badly burnod that their iden
tity will probably never Ik) aHcertained.
Tho cause of the wreck In assigned
to a misunderstanding of tho orders.
Thu traiiiH should have panned at
Seneca. The east bound train, in
nteud of stopping at Seneca, pro
ceeded, as tho engineer read his orders
"paw at Sand Creek." Tho track
whore tho collision occurred wax
otraiglit for several mileH and each
onginer saw tho headlight of Urn other
engine, but in each instanco supposed
that it was from a train standing
on the sidetrack where thoy were to
j m on until too latu to save a collittion.
The Lateit Estimate.
Detroit, Nov. 29. Tho latost esti
mate of thu dead in the Waliash wreck
near Adraiu, Mich., is that there are
0 dead and 125 injured. Of thu lat
ter it in said that 25 will die. Train
loads of injured liavo Imjou taken to
Adraiu, Mich., Montpelier, 0., and
1'eru. I ml. Of tho dead. 50 aro Jtal
Ian immigrants who were on tho west
Ijoiiml train. It ia estimated that
there were 50 jwrsons in tho day car
of tho east IkmiihI train, mid of these
-10 are dead.
CURRENCY IN PHILIPPINES.
Report of Special Commluloner Conanl Upon
Colm and Banking.
"Washington, Dec. 2. Accompany
ing tho annual report of Secretary
Koot is a rcHrt made by Special
Commissioner Charles A. Couant,
who was sent to tho Philippine) to
investigate tho currency situation,
il is recommendations aro submitted
to congress for its action. Tho most
important aro:
That tlioro should lx a distinctively
Philippine coin of silvor which shall
1o legal tendor for 50 cents in gold,
to be called the icso and to contain
25 grainmoH of silver. Tho coin is
to bo issued in suoli quantities as tho
trado requiros. and sustained at a
parity with gold by limitation of tho
amount coined. The Moxicnn silver
dollar and other coins shall ceaso to
lie legal tender after a cortain date.
It also is recommended that notional
banks in both tho Philippines and
tho United Stnte should havo au
thority to establish branches through
out tho islands and in tho United
States. Power to issue notes should
not bo extended to any bank having
n capital of less than $500,000.
Mortgago banks with a capital of
not less than $1,000,000 nro recom
mended to mako loans on real estate
It is recommonded that thff treasurer
of tho United States bo authorized
to rcccivo doposits from tho Roycrn
merit of tho Philippines and that tho
treasury of tho Philippines may bo
designated by tho secretary of war
us a legal depository of public money.
Dangerous Fire In Oil Fleldj.
lieaumont, Tex.. Deo. 2,-Tho most
dangerous firo sinco tho discovery of
tho oil Hold hero occurred yestordny,
nnd for a timo it was thought tho
Hold was doomed to destruction.
Plumbers working on pipos built a
small firo for tho purpose of making
connections. Tho fire soon got bo
von control and was threatening
ft" great forest of derricks when
tli omen succeeded in staying tho
flames within 20 feet of tho nearest
dorrick.
General -Arbitration Treaty.
Mexico City, Nov. 28.-Fornnndino
Guachilln, a delegate to tho Ian
Amorlean congress from Bolivia, re
ceived yesterday from his govern
co'v. .'in.,.ni announcing that
lU V 1 - n-.
.....!. l.n.1 innn IK1CU 11 UUlluim
Ktton troo with Pen., amino
co .t nS beforehand, a. court of ar
id ration, that which may ho estab
lished by tho present Pan-A.ner.can
-conference
SWITCHMEN'S STRIKE.
Mai Not Materially Interfered with Railroad
Traffic at lllliburi(.
Pittsburg, Dec. 2. Tho striking
switchmen aro still active, and assort
that they havo mado gains during
the past 21 hours. This Is denied by
the railroad ofllcials generally, who
report their lines in better condition
than at any time since tho men wont
out.
Itolatlons between tho switchmen
and tho trainmen aro badly strained.
Ilio general olllcors of tho Urother
hood of Trainmen aro leaving tiio city.
satisfied that tho strike will not prove
serious.
Tralllo was not interrupted in a
marked degree on any of tho railroads
save on tho Allegheny Valley. This
road is still crippled, and as a conso-
quonco several industrial plants woro
compelled to suspend operations,
owing to the supply.of coal being ex
hausted. The striking switchmen havo not
relinquished hope of winning tho bat
tle. Thoy assort that, despite tho
statements by railroad officials,
thoy aro rapidly gaining ground. A
committee appointed by tho strikors
stated tonight that there were still
800 members of tho Swltchmcns
union idle, and Unit all of theso aro
determined to remain away from tho
ralroad yards until they return col
lectively. HOT FIQHT WITH REBEL8.
Lieutenant Had a lland-to-fland Conflict With
Filipino Insurgents.
Manila, Nov. 28. Second Liouton
ant Louis J. Van Schnok, of the
Fourth infantry, whilo scouting witli
a few mon of that regiment, met 150
insurgents who had attacked and
sacked the hamlet of Sinraca, near
Cavite. Upon seeing thu Filpinos,
Van Schnek ordered Ills men to
charge them. Tho command was
obeyed, and Van Schuck beng mount
ed, roached the insurgents (50 yards
in advance of his mon. Ho killed
three of thorn with his revolver. An
insurgent fired his ri o point blank
at Van Schack at four paces, but
missed. Lieutenant Van Schack
was then knocked from his horso.
Ho then jumped to his feet and
engaged in a hand-to-hand conflict
with the enemy, using the butt of
his revolver. Ho sustained two
severe wounds, ono of which nearly
severed his wrist. At this point tho
lieutenant's men arrived, rescued
him, and put the insurgents to flight.
Van Schack is in tho military hos
pital at Manila, and is doing well.
Ho has already been recommended
for a medal of honor for bravery in
previous engagement.
fmurent Leader to Give Up.
Manila, Nov. 28. General Hughes,
commander of tho department of tho
Viscaya, reports negotiations aro
about completed for tho surrender of
tho insurgent leader Samson on IIo
hoi island, This surrender will
doubtless end tho revolt against
American authority in Dohol, as
Samson is acknowledged to bo tho
!ost iiisurgoiit leader there.
An Outlaw Killed.
Nognlos, N. M., Nov. 27. James
Alvord, tho famous outlaw, who
assisted in tho Cocho and Fairbanks
robbery, on tho Southorn Pacific, was
killed wlillo trying to nolo up a mes
Hunger ol tlio bonora Alining Com
pany, at lubiitama, bonora. Two
men. ono a Mexican and tho other
an Ainorican, attomntcd to stop T.
Vandovccr, carrior ol tlio monoy for
tho company. Vanuovcor recognized
Alvord ami shot him. During tho
fierce fusilhulo Vandovcor says two
bullets took effect, ono in tho head
and ono in tlio breast. Vandovccr
was shot twico, but escaped with tho
money.
May Not Please Carnegie.
Elwood.IInd., Nov. 28. Tho gift
of $25,000 by Andrew Carnegie for a
public library building Iioro lias lccn
accepted with a stipulation that may
not bo pleasing to tho donor. It is
that tho building shall bo known as
"Tho Elwood Public Library." It is
customnry for cities rocoiving such
gifts to namo tlio library alter tno
iron maenato. It is said that tho
namo was chosen to placate somo of
tho labor unions.
Engliihman Will Be Deported.
Manila, Nov. 28. Pnterson, an
Englishman, tho Bocretary to Sixto
Lopez, who was smuggled ashoro by
Fisko Warren, of JJoston, was taken
boforo tho collector of tho port, whon
ho called at tho custom houso for his
baggage Tno collector insisted that
ho tako tho oatli of allogianco, and as
Patorson refusod to do so, no win no
deported. Tho United Statos light-
houso steamer uonenn ;wv hub uh
towed into Sorsogon, Southeast Lu
zon, with her shaft broken.
Kitchener Reachei an Agreement.
Capo Town, Nov. 28. Lord Kitoh-
i n. n...lm Cn.iiK. niimn
enor and oir uuiuuh ujii.Bb,
minister of Capo Colony, liavo
reached an agrcomcnt under tho
terms of which Capo Colony resumed
tho control of tho Colonial troops in
29 districts. Thero has been muoh
iscontont in tno uapo, arising
tho fttOt that tho Colonial troops wero
boing removed from tlio command of
tho Colonial government;
LASHED BY STOEMS
MILLION DOLLARS DAMAGE ON
THE ATLANTIC COA8T.
Sea Craft of All Kinds Driven Aihore Five
Men Swept From Barges at Long Ouch
Kallroadi Blocked and Telegraph and
Telephone Llnci Down Wharvei, Docki
and Beach Keiorli Badly Damaged.
Now York, Nov. 27. Tho gront
storm which came up from tho south
on Saturday night has spent its force
in this zone of tho Atlantic const and
tho watoM driven upon lowlands and
beaches aro subsiding. Hundreds of
small craft were wrecked or badly
damaged, wharves and piers at ox
posed points woro battered down,
many seasido resorts wero unroofed,
lowlands wero flooded, city collars woro
filled and hundreds of town houses
woro damaged. Estimates of tho ag
gregate datnago run slightly below
and considerable alovo 91, 000,000.
At Monmouth beach, where tho big
German ship Flotbck drove ashoro
and where thcro was a thrilling res
cue of her crow by lifesavcrs, an angry
sea was still beating upon tho lcach
today. Wreckers havo been engaged
but until tho sea calms nothing can
bo dono toward saving tho ship and
her cargo. Tho big craft, firmly cm
bedded in thu sand, was still intact,
and her master is suro tiiat both ves
sel and cargo will bo saved.
Storm'bcund shipping was released
early today, but sea coast railway
and trolley scrvico will bo limp until
washouts aro filled in. Linemen wero
busy restoring prostrated telegraph
and telephone wires today, but it will
bo a couplo of days before theso serv
ices aro completely restored.
Tho extent of tho datnago to tho
rapid transit tunnel was not fully
determined today.
LOST MINE FOUND.
The Famoui Nlnety.Nlne Silver Mine Dlicov
ered In the Catsklll Mountain!.
New York, Nov. 27. Tho Tribune
prints tho following:
"After being lost for about 75 years
tho 'Ninety-Nine' silver mine, onco
famous through tho wholo Catskill
range, has been found again. At
least that is tlio belief of J. O. Poole,
a mining expert, who is said to live
in Trenton, N. J. Ho fins discovered
a cavo in tlio heart of tho Shawan
gunk mountains, not far from Ellen
ville, Ulster county, N. Y., which ex
poses a wido vein of peculiar ore.
Numorous assays show heavy value in
silver, lead and other minerals.
Every effort has been mado to keep
iiio uiscovcry a secret until mineral
rights to tlio surrounding mining
property coum oo purchased. Pool
unu tne nuw jersey men wiio aro
backing him aro said to have secured
sucn nglits on moro than 5,000 acres,
ami aro preparing to start activo nun
ing operations. Tho story of tho no
omental discovery of tho mino was
brought to this city from Kincstor
"A fow weeks ago, whilo tramping
inrougn tno inns, rooio not ccd what
seemed to bo cropping of silver and
coppor bearing oro at tho base of tho
bliawancunk. Ho c imbed un the
iviiu ami iiuiiiu uAiunsivo excavations
with tho result that ho found a env
or opening in tho mountain, from
which ho eays ho lias sinco taken
largo quantities of almost nuro lead
ore, as well as quartz which Dears sil
ver and zmo in largo proportions."
Tho m mo takes its namo from a
awarsmg Indian named Noonakin
tic, but bettor known as Ninety-Nino,
Tho Indian lived near Sockanissing
and was accustomed to como among
mo soitiers oi tno vailov witli chunks
oi almost puro lead and silver, which
ho exchanged for provisions. Ho
said that ho dug tho oro in a cavo in
tho Shawangunk mountains. A white
friond succeeded in nersuadine-Ninetv
Nino to lead him to tho cavo witli
eyes tightly bandaged. This man re
turned with tales of wonderful rich
ledges. IIo did not succeed in find
ing tho mine acain. howovor. and
fiinoty-Hino died with his secret un
told. About 60 yeara-ago two West
orn prospectors appeared in tlio
mountains accompanied by a Wiseon
sin Indian, Thoy woro provided with
Indian maps and diagrams. Thoy
searched for Bovcral weoks without
success and finally returned to the
West. Sinco that time no svstomntia
search has been mado. and rocontlv
tho story has boon recrnrded in tho
ngnt oi a protty legonu.
Break In Big Oil Main.
Now York, Nov. 27 Tho nino lino
oi tno oianuaru un uomnnnv. which
carries cruuo on irom tho Pnnsvl
vania fields to tho refineries at Bav'
onno, recontly burst about 10 miles
from Bound Brook, N. J. Tho break
was discoveied yesterday, and it took
a largo forco of mon manv hours to
oloso it. Meantime tlio oil had spread
ovor a largo portion of ground, and to
prevent uirtnor spread to nearby
streams it was determined to set firo
to it. . Tho reflection of tho burninc;
oil can no scon in tho sky for miles.
Schley's Counsel Refuses a Fee.
Baltimore, Nov. 27. It was learned
today that Isidoro Itaynor, chief
counsel for Admiral Sohloy in tho
recent hearing boforo tho court of
inquiry, had rofuscd to accept a fee
for his sorvicos, A mutual frond cf
tho admiral and Mr. Raynor stated
that tlio admiral recontly sont a
aluablo gold watoh to Mr. Itaynor
and a magnificent brooch of dia
monds and pearls to Mrs. Itaynor.
RAILROAD MEN STRIKE.
Order Made Affecting Switchmen of Seven
Lines' at Pittsburg.
Pittsburg, Nov. 27. Tho switch
men on seven railroads of Pittsburg
havo decided to strike at 0 o'clock
tomorrow morning. At a meeting
of tho lirotherhood of Switchmen
tonight which was attonded by about
000 members, this action was decided
upon, and tho result of this meeting
can only bo conjectured. In antici
pation of possible trouble it is learned
that the Pennsylvania Itailroad has
mado an application to tho city for
00 officers to bo on hand in tho
Union station yards at 0 o'clock to
morrow morning, and in tho Balti
more fe Ohio yards fully 100 Pinkor
ton men are on duty tonight.
Tlio claim rnndo at tho switchmen
meeting tonight was that 700 to 1,000
mon would oloy tho striko order in
the morning. Tho estimate was
that in tho Union station yards of
tho Pennsylvania Itailroad 138 mon
would go out; that tho yards at Fit
cairn and Wall would go out in tlio
samo proportion; that tho Baltimore
A Ohio and tho Pittsburg A Lako
Erio yards would go out solidly and
that tho Monongaliola, tho Pittsburg,
Virginia A Charleston, tho Shocn
Iwrgor Terminal and tlio Pittsburg
and Western would bu practically
without men. It was also 'aid that
tho Fort Wayno and Panhandlo men
would lend a helping hand.
Tho demand of tho mon is that tho
Chicago rato bo paid hero. This rate
is 27 conts per hour for day conduc
iorsjan 20 conts for night conductors
of switch engines; helpers, 25 cents
day and 27 cents night. The Pitts
burg rato at present is 25 cents for
day and 20 for night conductors; 19
cents day and 20 cents night for
holpcrs
Grand Master Hawley, of the
Switchmen's Union, is expected hero
tomorrow to conduct tho strike.
YUKON FROZEN OVER.
Steamer From North Brings Passengers
of
Disabled Farallon.
Seattle, Nov. 29. Tho steamer
Dolphin came in this morning from
tho North with 200 passengers, of
whom 00 woro transferred from tho
disabled steamer farallon, which
anchored in Cardenas bay, near Ken-
ncdy island. Alaska. Tho Dolphin
also brought tho largest cargo of fresh
halibut ever reaching port on any
singio vessel.
Tho Dolphin left Skauway on
November 21 and reports that tho
Yukon river frozo over entirely
November 19. Preparations wero be-
ing mado to put sledges and horses of tho United Kingdom returned 11.833.
tlio overland transportation companies 243 acres as under corn crops; this
mm iL-aumusa eurvicu, uiwiuugu 11,
was not uoucvcu tnat tno trip could
OO maUO OVCr IIIO ICO Until aOOUt tno
middle Of tllO month. .
T . r i 1 . i r-. t , i l
inst oaiuniuy tno uoipnin reacneu
tno v cmity oi aruenas oay, wnere
tho helpless steamer Farallon was
hovo to. Signals of distress from tho
vessel attracted tho attention of tlio
Dolphin's officers, and they stopped.
It was found that tho Farallon could
not contmuo tlio voyago under her
own steam, and her CO passengers
went aboard the Dolphin, which
afterward brought them to this city
iV tug has been sent to tho injured
vessel s assistance.
Treasure-Ship Making Good Time.
Now York, Nov. 27. Tho North
German Lloyd steamship Kaiser Wil
holm der Grosso, which left New York
last week carrying over $7,000,000
worth of gold bullion for London,
Paris nnd Berlin, was reported by
cablo passing tho Scilly islands this
morning. Tho trcasuro ship has
mado good timo.
Chile's First Iron Steamer.
Snntiaco do Chile. Nov. 27. Tho
launch of tho first iron steamer con
structed in Chile occurred at Valpar-
aiso today, and was a great success.
Tho ceremony was attonded by tho
president, tho federal authorities,
and a largo assomblaco of tho people,
Tho ontiro ship, from keel to truck,
was constructed in this country,
Internal Revenue Collections.
Washington. Nov. 28. Tho month
ly statement of tho collections of in
ternal revonuo shows that for the
month of Ootober, 1901, tho receipts
from all sources amounted to $24,-
309.907, which is a decrease com
pared with October, 1900, ot $3,104,
072.
French Chinese Indemnity Loan.
Paris, Nov. 27. Tho chamber of
doputies today, by a voto of 95 to
249, adoptod tho sum of 205,000,000
francs for tho Chinese indomnity
loan, roicoting tho smallor sums pro
posed. It was declared, during tho
courso of tho discussion, that tho gov-
ornmont would mako no distinction
betweon tboso who woro entitled to
indomnitios, but would pursuo in tho
far East Franco's traditional policy
anu tultill nil tho duties of its pro-
tcotorato, just as it claimed all its
gts. ..qx
Bought San Juan Battlefield.
Santiago do Cuba, Nov. 27. Dur-
ng his rceont visit Gonoral wood
bought for tho government tho prin-
pal portion of tho San Juan battle
field, including tho San Juan hill,
tho sito of tho blookhouso and Blnodv
Bond. Tho tract comnriscs 200 aoroa
and cost $15,000. It will bo consid-
orod a Unltnd States reservation and
tho govermont intends to lay out a
beautiful park on tho old battlefield.
Wimllnm for Tjlftlnsr Hon-.
A correspondent of the American Ag
riculturist elves an Illustration of an
nppnrntus which will lighten the work
of lifting on butchering day. Mako It so
that It will ho strong enough, he ad
vises, nnd that Is all that Is necessary.
The hearing of tho arm of tho derrick
at a Is arranged to allow tho, arm not
only to move up and down, but to re
volve round tho center post In a circle.
The windlass can be attached to tlio
post with a stationary hearing or with
one like that used for the arm so that
It also can revolvo round the post. Tho
diameter of post can be four Inches
or six Inches or whatever Is thought
strong enough for tho work It Is In
tended for. Tho bearings of the arm
and windlass arc one and a half Inches
noo-LinriNO WWDLASS.
or two Inches less In diameter. Any
good blacksmith can make them, as
well as the other Iron fittings needed.
Ihe entire cost of the derrick is very
small.
necilno in Ilrltlsh Asrrlcnitnre,
Tho aggregate area of corn crops,
which comprise wheat, barley, oats.
rye, beans and peas, amounts to 8,470,
892 acres, which represents a decline
on the year of 230,710 acres. This con
traction of the corn acreace follows.
moreover, a similar decline of 90,208
acres last year, and 13,157 acres In
1899. A ceneratlon aco. sav In 1871.
year the area Is 3.350,351 acres less,
in otuer words, an area not far short of
nnl nno.hnir mllllnn niroa hit
hnn n-mulrnu-n frnm nnm rrnnnlnir
i','---r
,i,i ,t, i ,hirt nr. ri, i,nnf
crop alono haa ,ncurreU Juat over two
I ,m, nf m,i nnr
area of corn crops Is made up of 1.112,-
305 acres of oats. 2.140.875 acres of bar
ley, 1,740,141 acres of wheat, 234,093
acres of beans, 155,CC5 acres of peas.
and 07,753 acres of rye. It appears.
then, that nearly one-half of the entire
corn area of the British Isles Is seeded
to oats, whilst If wo eliminate the pulso
corn crops, and have regard only to
tho cereal corn, the oats acreage repre
sents more than half the total. Massa
chusetts Ploughman
Ptorlne Vegetable Ont Pnora.
When one has a comparatively small
quantity of vegetables" to store during
tho winter, or for a portion of the win
ter, the old pit method will work very
nicely. First, select a portion of the
farm where water will not stand and
where the natural drainage Is good.
If such a position can not bo bad, then
heap up the soil a foot high and pile
tho vegetables on this bed, not digging
a pit U tno drained ground is used.
mnke a pit a foot deep, line with straw
and nllo the vegetables In the pit In a
pyramid, being careful not to make the
pile too high. In tho center of the pit,
before the vegetables are put In, erect
a ventilator or wood tall enough to
como out at the top for a foot or more.
Augur holes should bo bored at fre
quent Intervals In this ventilator, and
a board placed over the top to keep out
rain and snow. Cover the pile of vege
tables lightly with straw until they aro
well coooled off, add more straw as
the weather gets colder, and as severe
weather comes on, throw dirt on the
straw every fow days, until. In tho cold
est weather, tho vegetables aro amply
protocted. Only the perfect vegetables
should bo used.
Bavins Becd Potatoes
If the potato grower will select well
formed and niaturo tubers from tho
hills that yield tho largest amount ot
merchantable potatoes when ho Is dig'
glng them we think he will Increase
his crop, regardless of tho size ho so-
lects. By selecting soed from the hills
on which the vines remain greeu to the
latest date, he can prolong tho growing
season of tho future crop, drought and
accidents excepted, and by using Imma
ture tubers ho can get potatoes earlier,
but wo would not expect from such
seed n largo crop, or the beat quality.
American Cultivator.
Hotter Demand for Ilnraei.
Tho .high prices of horses In tho Unit
ed States this year is said to havo a
considerable effect upon the prices of
other
meats In Continental Europe.
When
horses on tho ranches of the
West were thought a nulsanco because
thoy ate food that tho ranchman
thought should havo been used by beef
r aueep, iuey were Bimiguiereu
whenover tho ranchmen could get
among them with their rlllcs almost ns
remorselessly ns others had slaughtered
the buffalo, and with less excuse, be
en use they did not cat the meat when
they had other meat, and tho horso
hide was scarcely worth the cost of
sending It whero It could ho utilized as
leather. It mny not bo necessary to
say that alt this has changed within
five years past. Horses nro needed for
all kinds of work that produces food
moro than they nro for food purposes.
If Germany atld Hclglutn have a liking
for horso beef they must pay liberally
for It. Now England Homestead.
Ilone-Menl n n Fertiliser.
As farmers nro coming to understand
tho actual value of commercial fertiliz
ers, they nro beginning to see that tho
much-lauded bone-meal has compara
tively little value, when Its cost Is ton
sldcred. Its chief value has always
been In Its nitrogen content which va
ried with the purity of tho product,
hence when wo know thnt nitrogen
can be easily and cheaply obtained
from legumes there Is llttlo sense In
using bone-meal or any other fertilizer
for this purpose. Of course, there Is
sonic phosphoric acid In bone-meal,
but It can bo better obtained and at
less cost by the use of some other
phosphate. For many years bone-meal
has been almost exclusively used In
some sections and used for nearly all
crops. It Is time farmers understood
how llttlo value It has and abandon
It for something better, making the se
lection according to the requirements
of the soil and of the crops to bo
grown, and relying on the legumes for
the required nitrogen.
The Iet Ham Floor.
The best and cheapest floor for barns
Is earth. The only exception to this Is
for dairy cattle, when the only sultablo
floor Is one of cement. This Is for sani
tary reasons, and for no other, because
animals are not only liable to slip, but
to become sore In standing on cement
floors. Good cement floors will cost In
the neighborhood of 18 cents a squaro
foot.
The Idea of earth floors will be met
by the objection that animals will tread
them full of holes. The answer to this
objection Is that the pfoper treatment
of earth floors, or any other for that
matter, is to use a comparatively large
amount of bedding. As with all precau
tions some holes will be worn In tho
floor, the proper way to mend these Is
to clean them thoroughly of all filth
and ram down some slightly moistened
clay. This plan will succeed In secur
ing a good grafting of the new earth
with the old and make a complete re
pair. All earth floors should have a top
dressing of cinders, sand or gravel,
though it need not be a heavy one.
E. Davenport. In National Rural.
A Ronuh but Warm Shed..
Often there are occasions when It Is
necessary to odd to the barn-room for
stock, but It must bo done at small ex
pense. A shed which will provide com
fort for stock and which will cost llttlo
to construct. Is made of rough boards,
the sides and roofs being thatched with
corn stalks, salt hay or any other avail
able material, says the Indianapolis
News. A portion of the front Is board
ed, leaving opcnenlngs about six Inches
wide between each board to admit light
during the day. A rough door may
bo hung If desired, or a curtain mado
from burlap or canvas may be lowered
over the entire front of tho bouse at
night or during unpleasant days. A
wind-break fence erected will material
ly assist In keeping out the wind, espe
cially If no door Is attached to the
house. To prevent tearing of the cur
tain material laths should be laid along
nouou BHEO FOU STOCK.
tho upper edge and tho nails driven
through tbem and the burlap Into tho
bouse. Ropes are attached to the cur
tain nnd frame, by which to tie tho
curtain when It Is not In use.
Ponltry Note.
With fancy poultry breeding close
culling Is necessary.
To cure chicken cholera Is a hard
task; it Is easier to prevent
A largo number of young cockerels
In tho yard are a nuisance.
Some hens never mako good Incubat
ors; tho heat is either too high or too
low.
All of the best breedd havo been built
up by Judicious Inbreedings of selected
fowls.-
Confinement and lateness often gen
erate vicious habits like egg-eating or
feather pulling.
Hardy, wide rangers, those clean of
limb and with small combs, oro best for
tho form.
The egg contains almost all of tho
constituents of tho human body, henco
a variety of food Is needed to construct.
A standard variety of poultry well
cared for In every way can bo mado of
moro value than a dozen kinds neg
lected.
Hens roqulro and must. havo carbon-
ato and phosphate of llmo for their
shells, and they must bavo all they
want.
Most grain Is deficient in llmo and
mineral matters, but bran Is rich In
nitrogen, carbon and mineral, and la
bwu to reeu wun grain,