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swell, which will receive
surface water source test-
ing.
Fourteen other drinking
water systems around Lane
County will also be part of
the project.
OHA is testing public
water systems in Oregon
identified as “at risk” due to
their proximity to a known
or suspected PFAS use or
contamination site, though
did not specify why indi-
vidual sites were chosen.
Known
as
“forever
chemicals,” PFAS describes
a large class of more than
4,000 chemical compounds
that have been used since
the 1940s for a wide range
of consumer and indus-
trial products, including
water-resistant clothing,
paper manufacturing and
firefighting foam.
Many of the chemicals
do not easily break down
or degrade, meaning they
can contaminate soil and
groundwater. As the chem-
icals can be quite mobile,
they may also affect the
safety of drinking water.
Because they are not reg-
ulated as hazardous sub-
stances by the federal gov-
ernment, PFAS usage areas
are also difficult to track.
PFAS’
water-
and
grease-resistant properties
have made them popular
for use in consumer prod-
ucts such a nonstick cook-
ware, food packaging and
cleaning products. Indus-
trial and firefighting uses
are among the most signifi-
cant sources of know PFAS
contamination.
Since the 1990s, studies
have been finding negative
health effects related to
2021
Cottage Grove Community
Grant application
is now available and due on
November 23, 2021.
Grant awards will be announced February 2022.
For information, contact the
Cottage Grove Community Foundation offi ce at
cgcfoundation.org or 541-942-0014
Any IRS approved non-profi t organization
is eligible to apply.
high levels of exposure to
the chemicals, however not
all of these studies involved
the same groups of people,
the same type of exposure
or even the same PFAS.
A 2018 review of PFAS
health effects in the Journal
of Exposure Science and
Environmental Epidemi-
ology pointed to the need
for additional research to
better understand expo-
sure pathways and health
outcomes as the toxicity of
new and emerging PFAS in
ecosystems and humans is
poorly understood.
“The magnitude of po-
tential health impacts as-
sociated with exposure has
not been quantified and
such information is gener-
ally considered necessary
to engage in risk mitigation
actions,” the authors state.
The Centers of Disease
Control and Prevention
also reports that while
more studies are necessary,
it is known that certain
PFAS may lead to increased
cholesterol levels, chang-
es in liver enzymes, small
decreases in infant birth
weights, decreased vaccine
response in children, in-
creased risk of high blood
pressure or pre-eclampsia
in pregnant women and
increased risks of kidney or
testicular cancer.
PFAS can be very per-
sistent in the human body,
some chemicals lasting for
up to eight years, thus in-
creasing the chances of ac-
cumulation.
In the 2000s, chemical
manufacturers voluntarily
phased out two common-
ly used PFAS compounds,
perfluorooctanesulfonic
acid (PFOS) and perfluo-
rooctanoic acid (PFOA).
The two chemicals were of
particular concern because
were shown to be present in
people and persistent in the
environment, where they
do not break down and can
move through soils to con-
taminate drinking water.
These two chemicals
were replaced with versions
of PFAS thought to be less
persistent and toxic.
OHA states that PFAS
can be found in the blood
of people and animals
worldwide and are present
in a variety of food prod-
ucts and the environment.
“Researchers are still
studying the extent of hu-
man exposure from these
types of PFAS sources,”
states the agency on its
website. “If tested, most
people in the U.S. would
have PFAS measured in
their blood. Since there are
no health-based screening
levels for specific PFAS,
health care providers can-
not interpret blood tests to
say what the results mean
for health.”
Contamination of drink-
ing water is the most con-
cerning method of ex-
posure to the public, but
many other methods exist
as well: eating food pack-
aged in material that con-
tains PFAS or consuming
items that touch grease-re-
sistant coatings such as
wrappers, to-go boxes, and
pre-packaged microwave-
able foods; using some
consumer products such as
non-stick cookware, stain
resistant carpeting, and
water repellant clothing;
or accidentally swallowing
contaminated soil or dust.
Even some food sources
can be contaminated.
Some plants, such as
grasses, can absorb con-
tamination when they are
fertilized with PFAS-con-
taining biosolids from
wastewater
treatment
plants. This has resulted in
cows producing contami-
nated milk in some dairy
farms in the U.S.
There is also evidence
that when surface water
is contaminated, certain
PFAS compounds can bio-
accumulate in fish. Several
states have issued fish ad-
visories in bodies of water
where fish have been af-
fected by contamination.
The purpose of OHA’s
sampling project is to make
sure customers are not be-
ing exposed to potentially
harmful PFAS chemicals in
their drinking water.
There will be no cost to
the operators of the water
systems as the analysis is
being paid for through an
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) grant.
The Oregon Department
of Environmental Quali-
ty’s (DEQ) laboratory will
analyze drinking water
samples for 25 PFAS com-
pounds, a marked increase
from the number of chemi-
cals previously targeted.
Between 2013 and 2015,
OHA oversaw an EPA
monitoring program which
tested all larger and sever-
al smaller public drinking
systems in the state for six
PFAS. Of the 65 systems,
none were reported to have
detectable levels of the
chemicals at the time.
OHA has developed its
own health advisory levels
for PFAS in drinking water
which are lower than the
EPA’s. The Oregon agency
looks specifically at four
PFAS compounds most
commonly found in hu-
mans, setting its health ad-
visory limit at 30 parts per
million for the sum of all
four chemicals.
If an analysis exceeds this
limit, OHA will notify pub-
lic water system operators,
though health advisories
are non-regulatory and it is
up to the operators to noti-
fy their customers.
“As of today, no major
source of PFAS has been
found in Oregon that
would create regular expo-
sure for Oregonians,” states
the DEQ on its website.
OHA website: www.oregon.
gov/oha
DEQ website: www.oregon.
gov/deq
PFAS Fact Sheet: www.
oregon.gov/deq/Haz-
ards-and-Cleanup/Docu-
ments/PFASFactSheet.pdf
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Tammy L. McClung DDS • Park W. McClung DDS
The City of Cottage Grove Public Works Department will be
conducting its annual Leaf Pickup during the following weeks:
October 25th – 29th • November 15th – 19th
December 13th – 17th
Homemade Soups
To-Go Only
Tips for Leaf Placement in Street
✓ Only piles of loose leaves will be picked up
✓ Pile leaves on the street surface near the gutter, keeping gutter
and catch basins free of leaves so storm water is not obstructed
✓ On streets without curbs and gutter, pile the leaves near the street
surface away from ditches
✓ Stack the leaves so that they don’t block bike and traffi c lanes
✓ Leaves should be piled in rows so they do not block the fl ow of
water along the curb and do not encroach on the traffi c lane
✓Do not place leaves in the streets where curbside parking does
not exist. You may bring those leaves to the designated area
outside the Row River Water Treatment Plant at 3300 Row
River Road
✓ Do not place your leaves in plastic bags
✓ Branches will not be picked up
✓ Shrub prunings and blackberry vines will not be picked up
✓ Do not include rocks, metal or other debris in your leaf pile
✓ Lawn clippings will not be picked up
For more information please contact the Public Works
Department at (541)767-4100 during working hours
of Monday through Friday, 8:00AM to 5:00PM.