12A | WEDNESDAY, JUNE 5, 2019 | COTTAGE GROVE SENTINEL © 2019 by Vicki Whiting, Editor tor Jeff f Schinkel, Graphics Grap Vol. 35, No. 26 lack holes in space are hard to see. But some black holes, especially super big ones, stand out. They gather bright rings of gas and other material. This year, a world-spanning network of observatories, called the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), zoomed in on a huge galaxy called M87 to create the first-ever photograph of a black hole. First Black l k Hole H l Pho Photo Photo: Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) This super huge black hole is ab about 55 million light-years away in a galaxy called M87. While the existence of black holes was first discussed by Albert Einstein and other scientists a little more than 100 years ago, it wasn’t until this April that a photograph of one was taken. Black Holes and Time Replace the missing words. If an ___________ was able to get close to a black hole ___________ and spend a few _________ there, a strange thing would happen when he or she returned to their __________. Many years might have _______ in Earth time while the astronaut was ______ the black hole! What is a black hole? When a star implodes, it collapses in on itself. The tremendous gravity of this can create a black hole. A whirlpool in water is similar in some ways to a black hole. Both have a core that sucks in whatever is close by, which in a black hole includes light. Use the Decoder Ring to discover the name of this fun book by Jane Yolen, which is available at the library. To fill in the blanks, find the letter on the outer ring, then replace it with the letter below it on the inner ring. Don’t Let the Name Black Hole Fool You! A black hole is not empty. Rather, it is a great amount of matter packed into a very small area — think of a star ten times more massive than the sun squeezed into a sphere approximately the diameter of New York City. Packing all that matter into one little space causes a huge gravitational field so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape. It would be like squashing all the bricks, concrete, steel, wood and glass of a large building into a tiny ball smaller than the size of a pea. Commander Toad and his crew on the spaceship Star Warts come across a black hole while leapfrogging across the galaxy. Something long, pink, and sticky grabs their spaceship and it isn’t space gum — it’s the tongue of an E.T.T. — an Extra-Terrestrial Toad! When all else fails, Commander Toad has to resort to a secret weapon from his past to save the ship from “toad-al” destruction. O H U U P F W T G D H P W D C T P F W Y B A Y V P O E Katie Bouman, a 29-year old graduate student, came up with the math and made it possible for the EHT to capture the first photo of a black hole! C H V T Spaghettification What do noodles and spaghetti have to do with black holes? The closer one gets to a black hole, h the stronger the pull of its gravity. As the gravity pulls things towards the black hole, out hole they get stretched str like a long piece of spaghetti. That’s called spaghettification, or the noodle effect. Here’s what a carrot might look like during spaghettification. Draw what you think these things might look like if they went through spaghettification. What’s the area? Area is the measure of how much space there is on a flat surface. Practice calculating area by measuring the sides of photographs in the newspaper. To find the area, multiply the length by the height. Standards Link: Math: Measurement: Measure using standard units. The words black and hole are often used in compound words. Those are words created by combining two smaller words. Use the words floating in space to create compound words by combining them with either the word BLACK or the word HOLE. the words in the puzzle. TELESCOPE Find How many of them can you H HORIZON find on this page? NETWORK N A E P O C S E L E T G GALAXY L N P U L L V L B E B BLACK R T O I E Y E I O N E EVENT SPACE N S G Z X M N H E H LIGHT E H B A I T T T E U SUPER T C L T I R W A S G HOLE N A A P R O O M T E HUGE TIME G E C P R E I H A C S STAR T E K K S U P E R D P PULL Standards Link: Letter sequencing. Recongized identical M MATH words. Skim and scan re ading Recall spelling patterns. reading. Do you ever struggle with your homework? Libraries to the rescue! Most libraries have after-school programs to give one-on-one help to students. A tutor or a volunteer will provide personal help with a school assignment. Some libraries offer online help. And for students that perhaps do not have internet access at home, some libraries provide reference sources suitable for students. This week’s word: NETWORK The noun network means a group or system of interconnected things. The network was used to alert the community to danger. Try to use the word network in a sentence today when talking with your friends and family. Exclamation Points! Count all the exclamation points you can find in each section of the newspaper. Graph your results. Which section has the most? Why do you think this is? ANSWER: AN NS SWER: Gravi-tea! Standards Link: Math: Students summaraize and display data. The 2019 Summer Reading Series Is proudly brought to you by these sponsors P Pretend you could win a ride i into in n space on a rocket. Write a paragraph telling why you should win that prize.