10A COTTAGE GROVE SENTINEL March 2, 2016
OSU study: Hatcheries cause
substantial, rapid genetic changes
BY DAVID STAUTH
Oregon State University
A
new study on steelhead trout in
Oregon offers genetic evidence
that wild and hatchery fi sh are different
at the DNA level, and that they can be-
come different with surprising speed.
The research, published today in Na-
ture Communications, found that after
one generation of hatchery culture, the
offspring of wild fi sh and fi rst-genera-
tion hatchery fi sh differed in the activity
of more than 700 genes.
A single generation of adaptation
to the hatchery resulted in observable
changes at the DNA level that were
passed on to offspring, scientists re-
ported.
This research was conducted at Or-
egon State University in collaboration
with the Oregon Department of Fish-
eries and Wildlife. Scientists say the
fi ndings essentially close the case on
whether or not wild and hatchery fi sh
A new study shows genetic
differences between hatchery-
raised fi sh and wild steelhead
like these.
can be genetically different.
Differences in survival and reproduc-
tive success between hatchery and wild
fi sh have long offered evidence of rapid
adaptation to the hatchery environment.
This new DNA evidence directly mea-
sured the activity of all genes in the
offspring of hatchery and wild fi sh. It
conclusively demonstrates that the ge-
netic differences between hatchery and
wild fi sh are large in scale and fully
heritable.
“A fi sh hatchery is a very artifi cial en-
vironment that causes strong natural se-
lection pressures,” said Michael Blouin,
a professor of integrative biology in the
OSU College of Science. “A concrete
box with 50,000 other fi sh all crowded
together and fed pellet food is clearly a
lot different than an open stream.”
It’s not clear exactly what traits are
being selected for, but the study was
able to identify some genetic changes
that may explain how the fi sh are re-
sponding to the novel environment in
the hatchery.
“We observed that a large number of
genes were involved in pathways re-
lated to wound healing, immunity and
metabolism, and this is consistent with
the idea that the earliest stages of do-
mestication may involve adapting to
highly crowded conditions,” said Mark
Christie, lead author of the study.
Aside from crowding, which is
Please see HATCHERY, Page 11A
D ATES
Continued from page 7A
“expiration
date” stamped
on the carton is the last day
a retailer can sell the eggs as
fresh. Eggs are still consid-
ered safe to consume up to
fi ve weeks if they are held
in refrigeration after purchase
at 40 degrees or colder.
ODA food safety inspec-
tors do pay attention to certain
dates on products offered for
sale. Looking at the poten-
tially hazardous ready-to-eat
foods that are unpackaged
or prepared in the store is a
high priority and violations
are considered critical.
Retailers and suppliers are
usually motivated to observe
these dates and clear out
the old stuff while bringing
in the new.
“It’s not 100 percent but,
for the most part, grocery
stores are keeping a close
eye on those products,” says
Hawkins. “Between the dis-
tributor of the product and the
store itself, they are in there
rotating products.”
For consumers, the bottom
line is that food product dates
are worth paying attention to
but not necessarily for food
safety reasons. Those dates
can help ensure the food
you buy retains its quality.
Of course, a lot depends on
how the food is handled after
purchase and how quickly it
is consumed.
COMMUNITY BRIEFS
LWV to meet
The Cottage Grove League of
Women Voters will be hosting a unit
meeting Wednesday, March 9 at 2:30
p.m. at Lane Community College in
Cottage Grove. The discussion this
month will be focusing on “What’s
Happening in Cottage Grove”, in-
cluding the local food movement,
economic development, healthy kids
in a healthy community, homeless-
ness and collaborative efforts to in-
crease the livability of the community.
The unit meetings are always open to
guests.
Caregiver Network
meets
The fi rst Monday of every month
includes a care-giving meeting and
potluck at the Cottage Grove Bible
Church at Quincy Avenue and 12th
St. in Cottage Grove, from 11 a.m. to
1 p.m.
The group aims to serve the com-
munity as a resource pool of home-
care workers who are available, local
and experienced and have state pro-
vider numbers. It also offers services
that don’t require an agency and can
at times help care-givers learn about
available job opportunities.
Its next meeting will be on Monday,
March 7 at 11 a.m. The guest speakers
are from Cornerstone Services, Inc.,
a non-profi t corporation, which is a
professional fi duciary company. The
company manages persons and their
estates by acting in a fi duciary role
as Conservator, Guardian, Trustee or
Power of Attorney.
Attendees can feel free to bring a
friend and/or their client. Those seek-
ing more information can contact a
network coordinator: Shirley Mc-
Daniel at 541-232-0966 or Virginia
R. at 541-942-3108.
Traffi c study
Southern Oregon University MBA
students are working with the Or-
egon Department of Transportation to
study the incidence of distracted driv-
ing in Oregon. The department’s aim
is to help reduce crashes involving
distracted driving. By volunteering
to complete this anonymous survey,
participants will be providing valu-
able feedback!
Those interested can visit the link
below to begin the survey:
https://sou.co1.qualtrics.com/SE/
?SID=SV_5oHxFY8TDPHkK7b
912 meeting
Cottage Grove's Beth Pool will
discuss FEAST (Food Education Ag-
riculture Solutions Together) at the
next meeting of the Cottage Grove
912 Project on Monday, March 7 at
6:30 p.m. at Stacy's Bridge Restau-
rant, 401 E. Main St. FEAST is an
Oregon Food Bank program in rural
communities. This meeting is open to
the public.
HAIRSTYLES
Five must-have styles as seen at fashion shows
1. MESSY HAIRSTYLES
If you hate spending lots of time doing
your hair, you’re going to love this style.
The ultra-neat heads of last winter are
gi ving way to long, unruly locks. We’ll be
seeing lots of low-slung messy braids and
strands that casually frame the face. The
key word here is texture. Dry shampoos
and texturizing pastes are going to be your
best friends this spring.
2. THE PONYTAIL
Seen virtually year-round in all its various
forms, the ponytail is still hot this spring.
Keep up with the latest trend by wearing
it very low and crimping a few strands of
hair here and there with a styling paste.
3. WHERE TO PART?
This spring, no half measures: the part is
either right down the middle of the head
or low on the side. If you wear a middle
part, tuck your hair behind the ears. The
side part is drawn very close to the ear
and can be incorporated into a messy
style or a very smooth, low bun.
4. ROMANTIC WAVES
The fashion parades have made it very
clear: this spring, fl at irons are out. Waves
and natural curls are to be in the spotlight
when wearing your hair loose. If your hair
often loses its body as the day goes on,
concoct your own “beach effect” spray by
mixing salt, water and coconut oil.
5. COLOUR 2.0
If you enjoy experimenting with colour,
take notes. Pastel colours are gradually
losing ground to more striking shades
such as electric blue or forest
green. A rather unusual trend:
natural tones combined with
brightly coloured roots for a
cutting edge look. What’s more,
wide gray streaks are making
their appearance near the face.
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Are you going to be daring and
“Organic Spa”
show your true colours this year?
Manicures & Pedicures, Body Wraps, Facials,
Massage, “Natural Nails” (no smells or fumes)
Organic Skin Care Products
Five trends to try this spring
1. A CANDY PINK MOUTH
A hot trend at many of this season’s
fashion shows, pink is set to take over
your lips. Choose a bubble gum shade
for a deliciously fresh and colourful
mouth. The most adventurous among
us will dare to try an orangey pink for a
totally energized look.
2. SMOKY EYES, ALWAYS AND FOREVER
The smoky-eyes look always has a place
in makeup trends, no matter what
the season. This spring, refresh
your smoky eyes with eye
shadow and eyeliner in blue
(THE trend), gold, copper or
mauve.
3. EYEBROWS: GO FOR BROKE
For the most part, we’re seeing
eyebrows continue to do exact-
ly as they please, so metimes
arched and thick, sometimes
lacquered and shiny. But for
some fashion avant-gardists,
eyebrows are taking on a futur-
istic look with a bleached-out
effect.
4. THE RETURN OF THE 1960S
Several key elements of the
60s are in again these days.
Think doll-like eyelashes,
opaque eye shadow and the
lower eye lids lined with kohl,
as popula rized by the famous
60s model Twiggy. White also
works well to brighten eyes.
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5. A HEALTHY COMPLEXION
After dominating catwalks for several
seasons, the nude effect is giving way to
a healthy glow. Lay your bets on pink
blush applied to the cheekbones. The goal
is to create a fresh, natural look.
A fresh look is still popular
for summer makeup.